hw/pc.c

   1 /*
   2  * QEMU PC System Emulator
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard
   5  *
   6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
   7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
   8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
   9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
  10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
  12  *
  13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
  14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  15  *
  16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
  19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
  21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  22  * THE SOFTWARE.
  23  */
  24 #include "hw.h"
  25 #include "pc.h"
  26 #include "fdc.h"
  27 #include "pci.h"
  28 #include "block.h"
  29 #include "sysemu.h"
  30 #include "audio/audio.h"
  31 #include "net.h"
  32 #include "smbus.h"
  33 #include "boards.h"
  34
  35 #ifdef USE_KVM
  36 #include "qemu-kvm.h"
  37 extern int kvm_allowed;
  38 #endif
  39
  40 /* output Bochs bios info messages */
  41 //#define DEBUG_BIOS
  42
  43 #define BIOS_FILENAME "bios.bin"
  44 #define VGABIOS_FILENAME "vgabios.bin"
  45 #define VGABIOS_CIRRUS_FILENAME "vgabios-cirrus.bin"
  46 #define EXTBOOT_FILENAME "extboot.bin"
  47
  48 /* Leave a chunk of memory at the top of RAM for the BIOS ACPI tables.  */
  49 #define ACPI_DATA_SIZE       0x10000
  50
  51 #define MAX_IDE_BUS 2
  52
  53 static fdctrl_t *floppy_controller;
  54 static RTCState *rtc_state;
  55 static PITState *pit;
  56 static IOAPICState *ioapic;
  57 static PCIDevice *i440fx_state;
  58
  59 static void ioport80_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t data)
  60 {
  61 }
  62
  63 /* MSDOS compatibility mode FPU exception support */
  64 static qemu_irq ferr_irq;
  65 /* XXX: add IGNNE support */
  66 void cpu_set_ferr(CPUX86State *s)
  67 {
  68     qemu_irq_raise(ferr_irq);
  69 }
  70
  71 static void ioportF0_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t data)
  72 {
  73     qemu_irq_lower(ferr_irq);
  74 }
  75
  76 /* TSC handling */
  77 uint64_t cpu_get_tsc(CPUX86State *env)
  78 {
  79     /* Note: when using kqemu, it is more logical to return the host TSC
  80        because kqemu does not trap the RDTSC instruction for
  81        performance reasons */
  82 #if USE_KQEMU
  83     if (env->kqemu_enabled) {
  84         return cpu_get_real_ticks();
  85     } else
  86 #endif
  87     {
  88         return cpu_get_ticks();
  89     }
  90 }
  91
  92 /* SMM support */
  93 void cpu_smm_update(CPUState *env)
  94 {
  95     if (i440fx_state && env == first_cpu)
  96         i440fx_set_smm(i440fx_state, (env->hflags >> HF_SMM_SHIFT) & 1);
  97 }
  98
  99
 100 /* IRQ handling */
 101 int cpu_get_pic_interrupt(CPUState *env)
 102 {
 103     int intno;
 104
 105     intno = apic_get_interrupt(env);
 106     if (intno >= 0) {
 107         /* set irq request if a PIC irq is still pending */
 108         /* XXX: improve that */
 109         pic_update_irq(isa_pic);
 110         return intno;
 111     }
 112     /* read the irq from the PIC */
 113     if (!apic_accept_pic_intr(env))
 114         return -1;
 115
 116     intno = pic_read_irq(isa_pic);
 117     return intno;
 118 }
 119
 120 static void pic_irq_request(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
 121 {
 122     CPUState *env = opaque;
 123     if (level && apic_accept_pic_intr(env))
 124         cpu_interrupt(env, CPU_INTERRUPT_HARD);
 125 }
 126
 127 /* PC cmos mappings */
 128
 129 #define REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE          0x14
 130
 131 static int cmos_get_fd_drive_type(int fd0)
 132 {
 133     int val;
 134
 135     switch (fd0) {
 136     case 0:
 137         /* 1.44 Mb 3"5 drive */
 138         val = 4;
 139         break;
 140     case 1:
 141         /* 2.88 Mb 3"5 drive */
 142         val = 5;
 143         break;
 144     case 2:
 145         /* 1.2 Mb 5"5 drive */
 146         val = 2;
 147         break;
 148     default:
 149         val = 0;
 150         break;
 151     }
 152     return val;
 153 }
 154
 155 static void cmos_init_hd(int type_ofs, int info_ofs, BlockDriverState *hd)
 156 {
 157     RTCState *s = rtc_state;
 158     int cylinders, heads, sectors;
 159     bdrv_get_geometry_hint(hd, &cylinders, &heads, &sectors);
 160     rtc_set_memory(s, type_ofs, 47);
 161     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs, cylinders);
 162     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 1, cylinders >> 8);
 163     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 2, heads);
 164     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 3, 0xff);
 165     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 4, 0xff);
 166     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 5, 0xc0 | ((heads > 8) << 3));
 167     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 6, cylinders);
 168     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 7, cylinders >> 8);
 169     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 8, sectors);
 170 }
 171
 172 /* convert boot_device letter to something recognizable by the bios */
 173 static int boot_device2nibble(char boot_device)
 174 {
 175     switch(boot_device) {
 176     case 'a':
 177     case 'b':
 178         return 0x01; /* floppy boot */
 179     case 'c':
 180         return 0x02; /* hard drive boot */
 181     case 'd':
 182         return 0x03; /* CD-ROM boot */
 183     case 'n':
 184         return 0x04; /* Network boot */
 185     }
 186     return 0;
 187 }
 188
 189 /* hd_table must contain 4 block drivers */
 190 static void cmos_init(ram_addr_t ram_size, ram_addr_t above_4g_mem_size,
 191                       const char *boot_device, BlockDriverState **hd_table,
 192                       int smp_cpus)
 193 {
 194     RTCState *s = rtc_state;
 195     int nbds, bds[3] = { 0, };
 196     int val;
 197     int fd0, fd1, nb;
 198     int i;
 199
 200     /* various important CMOS locations needed by PC/Bochs bios */
 201
 202     /* memory size */
 203     val = 640; /* base memory in K */
 204     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x15, val);
 205     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x16, val >> 8);
 206
 207     val = (ram_size / 1024) - 1024;
 208     if (val > 65535)
 209         val = 65535;
 210     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x17, val);
 211     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x18, val >> 8);
 212     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x30, val);
 213     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x31, val >> 8);
 214
 215     if (above_4g_mem_size) {
 216         rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5b, (unsigned int)above_4g_mem_size >> 16);
 217         rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5c, (unsigned int)above_4g_mem_size >> 24);
 218         rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5d, above_4g_mem_size >> 32);
 219     }
 220     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5f, smp_cpus - 1);
 221
 222     if (ram_size > (16 * 1024 * 1024))
 223         val = (ram_size / 65536) - ((16 * 1024 * 1024) / 65536);
 224     else
 225         val = 0;
 226     if (val > 65535)
 227         val = 65535;
 228     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x34, val);
 229     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x35, val >> 8);
 230
 231     /* set boot devices, and disable floppy signature check if requested */
 232 #define PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES 3
 233     nbds = strlen(boot_device);
 234     if (nbds > PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES) {
 235         fprintf(stderr, "Too many boot devices for PC\n");
 236         exit(1);
 237     }
 238     for (i = 0; i < nbds; i++) {
 239         bds[i] = boot_device2nibble(boot_device[i]);
 240         if (bds[i] == 0) {
 241             fprintf(stderr, "Invalid boot device for PC: '%c'\n",
 242                     boot_device[i]);
 243             exit(1);
 244         }
 245     }
 246     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x3d, (bds[1] << 4) | bds[0]);
 247     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x38, (bds[2] << 4) | (fd_bootchk ?  0x0 : 0x1));
 248
 249     /* floppy type */
 250
 251     fd0 = fdctrl_get_drive_type(floppy_controller, 0);
 252     fd1 = fdctrl_get_drive_type(floppy_controller, 1);
 253
 254     val = (cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd0) << 4) | cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd1);
 255     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x10, val);
 256
 257     val = 0;
 258     nb = 0;
 259     if (fd0 < 3)
 260         nb++;
 261     if (fd1 < 3)
 262         nb++;
 263     switch (nb) {
 264     case 0:
 265         break;
 266     case 1:
 267         val |= 0x01; /* 1 drive, ready for boot */
 268         break;
 269     case 2:
 270         val |= 0x41; /* 2 drives, ready for boot */
 271         break;
 272     }
 273     val |= 0x02; /* FPU is there */
 274     val |= 0x04; /* PS/2 mouse installed */
 275     rtc_set_memory(s, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE, val);
 276
 277     /* hard drives */
 278
 279     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x12, (hd_table[0] ? 0xf0 : 0) | (hd_table[1] ? 0x0f : 0));
 280     if (hd_table[0])
 281         cmos_init_hd(0x19, 0x1b, hd_table[0]);
 282     if (hd_table[1])
 283         cmos_init_hd(0x1a, 0x24, hd_table[1]);
 284
 285     val = 0;
 286     for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 287         if (hd_table[i]) {
 288             int cylinders, heads, sectors, translation;
 289             /* NOTE: bdrv_get_geometry_hint() returns the physical
 290                 geometry.  It is always such that: 1 <= sects <= 63, 1
 291                 <= heads <= 16, 1 <= cylinders <= 16383. The BIOS
 292                 geometry can be different if a translation is done. */
 293             translation = bdrv_get_translation_hint(hd_table[i]);
 294             if (translation == BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_AUTO) {
 295                 bdrv_get_geometry_hint(hd_table[i], &cylinders, &heads, &sectors);
 296                 if (cylinders <= 1024 && heads <= 16 && sectors <= 63) {
 297                     /* No translation. */
 298                     translation = 0;
 299                 } else {
 300                     /* LBA translation. */
 301                     translation = 1;
 302                 }
 303             } else {
 304                 translation--;
 305             }
 306             val |= translation << (i * 2);
 307         }
 308     }
 309     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x39, val);
 310 }
 311
 312 void ioport_set_a20(int enable)
 313 {
 314     /* XXX: send to all CPUs ? */
 315     cpu_x86_set_a20(first_cpu, enable);
 316 }
 317
 318 int ioport_get_a20(void)
 319 {
 320     return ((first_cpu->a20_mask >> 20) & 1);
 321 }
 322
 323 static void ioport92_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
 324 {
 325     ioport_set_a20((val >> 1) & 1);
 326     /* XXX: bit 0 is fast reset */
 327 }
 328
 329 static uint32_t ioport92_read(void *opaque, uint32_t addr)
 330 {
 331     return ioport_get_a20() << 1;
 332 }
 333
 334 /***********************************************************/
 335 /* Bochs BIOS debug ports */
 336
 337 static void bochs_bios_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
 338 {
 339     static const char shutdown_str[8] = "Shutdown";
 340     static int shutdown_index = 0;
 341
 342     switch(addr) {
 343         /* Bochs BIOS messages */
 344     case 0x400:
 345     case 0x401:
 346         fprintf(stderr, "BIOS panic at rombios.c, line %d\n", val);
 347         exit(1);
 348     case 0x402:
 349     case 0x403:
 350 #ifdef DEBUG_BIOS
 351         fprintf(stderr, "%c", val);
 352 #endif
 353         break;
 354     case 0x8900:
 355         /* same as Bochs power off */
 356         if (val == shutdown_str[shutdown_index]) {
 357             shutdown_index++;
 358             if (shutdown_index == 8) {
 359                 shutdown_index = 0;
 360                 qemu_system_shutdown_request();
 361             }
 362         } else {
 363             shutdown_index = 0;
 364         }
 365         break;
 366
 367         /* LGPL'ed VGA BIOS messages */
 368     case 0x501:
 369     case 0x502:
 370         fprintf(stderr, "VGA BIOS panic, line %d\n", val);
 371         exit(1);
 372     case 0x500:
 373     case 0x503:
 374 #ifdef DEBUG_BIOS
 375         fprintf(stderr, "%c", val);
 376 #endif
 377         break;
 378     }
 379 }
 380
 381 static void bochs_bios_init(void)
 382 {
 383     register_ioport_write(0x400, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
 384     register_ioport_write(0x401, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
 385     register_ioport_write(0x402, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
 386     register_ioport_write(0x403, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
 387     register_ioport_write(0x8900, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
 388
 389     register_ioport_write(0x501, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
 390     register_ioport_write(0x502, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
 391     register_ioport_write(0x500, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
 392     register_ioport_write(0x503, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
 393 }
 394
 395 /* Generate an initial boot sector which sets state and jump to
 396    a specified vector */
 397 static void generate_bootsect(uint32_t gpr[8], uint16_t segs[6], uint16_t ip)
 398 {
 399     uint8_t bootsect[512], *p;
 400     int i;
 401     int hda;
 402
 403     hda = drive_get_index(IF_IDE, 0, 0);
 404     if (hda == -1) {
 405         fprintf(stderr, "A disk image must be given for 'hda' when booting "
 406                 "a Linux kernel\n");
 407         exit(1);
 408     }
 409
 410     memset(bootsect, 0, sizeof(bootsect));
 411
 412     /* Copy the MSDOS partition table if possible */
 413     bdrv_read(drives_table[hda].bdrv, 0, bootsect, 1);
 414
 415     /* Make sure we have a partition signature */
 416     bootsect[510] = 0x55;
 417     bootsect[511] = 0xaa;
 418
 419     /* Actual code */
 420     p = bootsect;
 421     *p++ = 0xfa;                /* CLI */
 422     *p++ = 0xfc;                /* CLD */
 423
 424     for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
 425         if (i == 1)             /* Skip CS */
 426             continue;
 427
 428         *p++ = 0xb8;            /* MOV AX,imm16 */
 429         *p++ = segs[i];
 430         *p++ = segs[i] >> 8;
 431         *p++ = 0x8e;            /* MOV <seg>,AX */
 432         *p++ = 0xc0 + (i << 3);
 433     }
 434
 435     for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
 436         *p++ = 0x66;            /* 32-bit operand size */
 437         *p++ = 0xb8 + i;        /* MOV <reg>,imm32 */
 438         *p++ = gpr[i];
 439         *p++ = gpr[i] >> 8;
 440         *p++ = gpr[i] >> 16;
 441         *p++ = gpr[i] >> 24;
 442     }
 443
 444     *p++ = 0xea;                /* JMP FAR */
 445     *p++ = ip;                  /* IP */
 446     *p++ = ip >> 8;
 447     *p++ = segs[1];             /* CS */
 448     *p++ = segs[1] >> 8;
 449
 450     bdrv_set_boot_sector(drives_table[hda].bdrv, bootsect, sizeof(bootsect));
 451 }
 452
 453 static int load_kernel(const char *filename, uint8_t *addr,
 454                        uint8_t *real_addr)
 455 {
 456     int fd, size;
 457     int setup_sects;
 458
 459     fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
 460     if (fd < 0)
 461         return -1;
 462
 463     /* load 16 bit code */
 464     if (read(fd, real_addr, 512) != 512)
 465         goto fail;
 466     setup_sects = real_addr[0x1F1];
 467     if (!setup_sects)
 468         setup_sects = 4;
 469     if (read(fd, real_addr + 512, setup_sects * 512) !=
 470         setup_sects * 512)
 471         goto fail;
 472
 473     /* load 32 bit code */
 474     size = read(fd, addr, 16 * 1024 * 1024);
 475     if (size < 0)
 476         goto fail;
 477     close(fd);
 478     return size;
 479  fail:
 480     close(fd);
 481     return -1;
 482 }
 483
 484 static long get_file_size(FILE *f)
 485 {
 486     long where, size;
 487
 488     /* XXX: on Unix systems, using fstat() probably makes more sense */
 489
 490     where = ftell(f);
 491     fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
 492     size = ftell(f);
 493     fseek(f, where, SEEK_SET);
 494
 495     return size;
 496 }
 497
 498 static void load_linux(const char *kernel_filename,
 499                        const char *initrd_filename,
 500                        const char *kernel_cmdline)
 501 {
 502     uint16_t protocol;
 503     uint32_t gpr[8];
 504     uint16_t seg[6];
 505     uint16_t real_seg;
 506     int setup_size, kernel_size, initrd_size, cmdline_size;
 507     uint32_t initrd_max;
 508     uint8_t header[1024];
 509     uint8_t *real_addr, *prot_addr, *cmdline_addr, *initrd_addr;
 510     FILE *f, *fi;
 511
 512     /* Align to 16 bytes as a paranoia measure */
 513     cmdline_size = (strlen(kernel_cmdline)+16) & ~15;
 514
 515     /* load the kernel header */
 516     f = fopen(kernel_filename, "rb");
 517     if (!f || !(kernel_size = get_file_size(f)) ||
 518         fread(header, 1, 1024, f) != 1024) {
 519         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load kernel '%s'\n",
 520                 kernel_filename);
 521         exit(1);
 522     }
 523
 524     /* kernel protocol version */
 525 #if 0
 526     fprintf(stderr, "header magic: %#x\n", ldl_p(header+0x202));
 527 #endif
 528     if (ldl_p(header+0x202) == 0x53726448)
 529         protocol = lduw_p(header+0x206);
 530     else
 531         protocol = 0;
 532
 533     if (protocol < 0x200 || !(header[0x211] & 0x01)) {
 534         /* Low kernel */
 535         real_addr    = phys_ram_base + 0x90000;
 536         cmdline_addr = phys_ram_base + 0x9a000 - cmdline_size;
 537         prot_addr    = phys_ram_base + 0x10000;
 538     } else if (protocol < 0x202) {
 539         /* High but ancient kernel */
 540         real_addr    = phys_ram_base + 0x90000;
 541         cmdline_addr = phys_ram_base + 0x9a000 - cmdline_size;
 542         prot_addr    = phys_ram_base + 0x100000;
 543     } else {
 544         /* High and recent kernel */
 545         real_addr    = phys_ram_base + 0x10000;
 546         cmdline_addr = phys_ram_base + 0x20000;
 547         prot_addr    = phys_ram_base + 0x100000;
 548     }
 549
 550 #if 0
 551     fprintf(stderr,
 552             "qemu: real_addr     = %#zx\n"
 553             "qemu: cmdline_addr  = %#zx\n"
 554             "qemu: prot_addr     = %#zx\n",
 555             real_addr-phys_ram_base,
 556             cmdline_addr-phys_ram_base,
 557             prot_addr-phys_ram_base);
 558 #endif
 559
 560     /* highest address for loading the initrd */
 561     if (protocol >= 0x203)
 562         initrd_max = ldl_p(header+0x22c);
 563     else
 564         initrd_max = 0x37ffffff;
 565
 566     if (initrd_max >= ram_size-ACPI_DATA_SIZE)
 567         initrd_max = ram_size-ACPI_DATA_SIZE-1;
 568
 569     /* kernel command line */
 570     pstrcpy((char*)cmdline_addr, 4096, kernel_cmdline);
 571
 572     if (protocol >= 0x202) {
 573         stl_p(header+0x228, cmdline_addr-phys_ram_base);
 574     } else {
 575         stw_p(header+0x20, 0xA33F);
 576         stw_p(header+0x22, cmdline_addr-real_addr);
 577     }
 578
 579     /* loader type */
 580     /* High nybble = B reserved for Qemu; low nybble is revision number.
 581        If this code is substantially changed, you may want to consider
 582        incrementing the revision. */
 583     if (protocol >= 0x200)
 584         header[0x210] = 0xB0;
 585
 586     /* heap */
 587     if (protocol >= 0x201) {
 588         header[0x211] |= 0x80;  /* CAN_USE_HEAP */
 589         stw_p(header+0x224, cmdline_addr-real_addr-0x200);
 590     }
 591
 592     /* load initrd */
 593     if (initrd_filename) {
 594         if (protocol < 0x200) {
 595             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: linux kernel too old to load a ram disk\n");
 596             exit(1);
 597         }
 598
 599         fi = fopen(initrd_filename, "rb");
 600         if (!fi) {
 601             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load initial ram disk '%s'\n",
 602                     initrd_filename);
 603             exit(1);
 604         }
 605
 606         initrd_size = get_file_size(fi);
 607         initrd_addr = phys_ram_base + ((initrd_max-initrd_size) & ~4095);
 608
 609         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: loading initrd (%#x bytes) at %#zx\n",
 610                 initrd_size, initrd_addr-phys_ram_base);
 611
 612         if (fread(initrd_addr, 1, initrd_size, fi) != initrd_size) {
 613             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: read error on initial ram disk '%s'\n",
 614                     initrd_filename);
 615             exit(1);
 616         }
 617         fclose(fi);
 618
 619         stl_p(header+0x218, initrd_addr-phys_ram_base);
 620         stl_p(header+0x21c, initrd_size);
 621     }
 622
 623     /* store the finalized header and load the rest of the kernel */
 624     memcpy(real_addr, header, 1024);
 625
 626     setup_size = header[0x1f1];
 627     if (setup_size == 0)
 628         setup_size = 4;
 629
 630     setup_size = (setup_size+1)*512;
 631     kernel_size -= setup_size;  /* Size of protected-mode code */
 632
 633     if (fread(real_addr+1024, 1, setup_size-1024, f) != setup_size-1024 ||
 634         fread(prot_addr, 1, kernel_size, f) != kernel_size) {
 635         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: read error on kernel '%s'\n",
 636                 kernel_filename);
 637         exit(1);
 638     }
 639     fclose(f);
 640
 641     /* generate bootsector to set up the initial register state */
 642     real_seg = (real_addr-phys_ram_base) >> 4;
 643     seg[0] = seg[2] = seg[3] = seg[4] = seg[4] = real_seg;
 644     seg[1] = real_seg+0x20;     /* CS */
 645     memset(gpr, 0, sizeof gpr);
 646     gpr[4] = cmdline_addr-real_addr-16; /* SP (-16 is paranoia) */
 647
 648     generate_bootsect(gpr, seg, 0);
 649 }
 650
 651 static void main_cpu_reset(void *opaque)
 652 {
 653     CPUState *env = opaque;
 654     cpu_reset(env);
 655 }
 656
 657 static const int ide_iobase[2] = { 0x1f0, 0x170 };
 658 static const int ide_iobase2[2] = { 0x3f6, 0x376 };
 659 static const int ide_irq[2] = { 14, 15 };
 660
 661 #define NE2000_NB_MAX 6
 662
 663 static int ne2000_io[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 0x300, 0x320, 0x340, 0x360, 0x280, 0x380 };
 664 static int ne2000_irq[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 9, 10, 11, 3, 4, 5 };
 665
 666 static int serial_io[MAX_SERIAL_PORTS] = { 0x3f8, 0x2f8, 0x3e8, 0x2e8 };
 667 static int serial_irq[MAX_SERIAL_PORTS] = { 4, 3, 4, 3 };
 668
 669 static int parallel_io[MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS] = { 0x378, 0x278, 0x3bc };
 670 static int parallel_irq[MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS] = { 7, 7, 7 };
 671
 672 #ifdef HAS_AUDIO
 673 static void audio_init (PCIBus *pci_bus, qemu_irq *pic)
 674 {
 675     struct soundhw *c;
 676     int audio_enabled = 0;
 677
 678     for (c = soundhw; !audio_enabled && c->name; ++c) {
 679         audio_enabled = c->enabled;
 680     }
 681
 682     if (audio_enabled) {
 683         AudioState *s;
 684
 685         s = AUD_init ();
 686         if (s) {
 687             for (c = soundhw; c->name; ++c) {
 688                 if (c->enabled) {
 689                     if (c->isa) {
 690                         c->init.init_isa (s, pic);
 691                     }
 692                     else {
 693                         if (pci_bus) {
 694                             c->init.init_pci (pci_bus, s);
 695                         }
 696                     }
 697                 }
 698             }
 699         }
 700     }
 701 }
 702 #endif
 703
 704 static void pc_init_ne2k_isa(NICInfo *nd, qemu_irq *pic)
 705 {
 706     static int nb_ne2k = 0;
 707
 708     if (nb_ne2k == NE2000_NB_MAX)
 709         return;
 710     isa_ne2000_init(ne2000_io[nb_ne2k], pic[ne2000_irq[nb_ne2k]], nd);
 711     nb_ne2k++;
 712 }
 713
 714 #ifdef USE_KVM
 715 extern kvm_context_t kvm_context;
 716 extern int kvm_allowed;
 717 #endif
 718
 719 static int load_option_rom(const char *filename, int offset)
 720 {
 721     ram_addr_t option_rom_offset;
 722     int size, ret;
 723
 724     size = get_image_size(filename);
 725     if (size < 0) {
 726         fprintf(stderr, "Could not load option rom '%s'\n", filename);
 727         exit(1);
 728     }
 729     if (size > (0x10000 - offset))
 730         goto option_rom_error;
 731     option_rom_offset = qemu_ram_alloc(size);
 732     ret = load_image(filename, phys_ram_base + option_rom_offset);
 733     if (ret != size) {
 734     option_rom_error:
 735         fprintf(stderr, "Too many option ROMS\n");
 736         exit(1);
 737     }
 738     size = (size + 4095) & ~4095;
 739     cpu_register_physical_memory(0xd0000 + offset,
 740                                  size, option_rom_offset | IO_MEM_ROM);
 741 #ifdef USE_KVM
 742     if (kvm_allowed)
 743             kvm_cpu_register_physical_memory(0xd0000 + offset,
 744                                              size, option_rom_offset |
 745                                              IO_MEM_ROM);
 746 #endif
 747     return size;
 748 }
 749
 750 /* PC hardware initialisation */
 751 static void pc_init1(ram_addr_t ram_size, int vga_ram_size,
 752                      const char *boot_device, DisplayState *ds,
 753                      const char *kernel_filename, const char *kernel_cmdline,
 754                      const char *initrd_filename,
 755                      int pci_enabled, const char *cpu_model)
 756 {
 757     char buf[1024];
 758     int ret, linux_boot, i;
 759     ram_addr_t ram_addr, vga_ram_addr, bios_offset, vga_bios_offset;
 760     ram_addr_t above_4g_mem_size = 0;
 761     int bios_size, isa_bios_size, vga_bios_size, opt_rom_offset;
 762     PCIBus *pci_bus;
 763     int piix3_devfn = -1;
 764     CPUState *env;
 765     NICInfo *nd;
 766     qemu_irq *cpu_irq;
 767     qemu_irq *i8259;
 768     int index;
 769     BlockDriverState *hd[MAX_IDE_BUS * MAX_IDE_DEVS];
 770     BlockDriverState *fd[MAX_FD];
 771
 772     if (ram_size >= 0xe0000000 ) {
 773         above_4g_mem_size = ram_size - 0xe0000000;
 774         ram_size = 0xe0000000;
 775     }
 776
 777     linux_boot = (kernel_filename != NULL);
 778
 779     /* init CPUs */
 780     if (cpu_model == NULL) {
 781 #ifdef TARGET_X86_64
 782         cpu_model = "qemu64";
 783 #else
 784         cpu_model = "qemu32";
 785 #endif
 786     }
 787
 788     for(i = 0; i < smp_cpus; i++) {
 789         env = cpu_init(cpu_model);
 790         if (!env) {
 791             fprintf(stderr, "Unable to find x86 CPU definition\n");
 792             exit(1);
 793         }
 794         if (i != 0)
 795             env->hflags |= HF_HALTED_MASK;
 796         if (smp_cpus > 1) {
 797             /* XXX: enable it in all cases */
 798             env->cpuid_features |= CPUID_APIC;
 799         }
 800         register_savevm("cpu", i, 4, cpu_save, cpu_load, env);
 801         qemu_register_reset(main_cpu_reset, env);
 802         if (pci_enabled) {
 803             apic_init(env);
 804         }
 805         vmport_init(env);
 806     }
 807
 808     /* allocate RAM */
 809 #ifdef USE_KVM
 810  #ifdef KVM_CAP_USER_MEMORY
 811     if (kvm_allowed && kvm_qemu_check_extension(KVM_CAP_USER_MEMORY)) {
 812         ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(0xa0000);
 813         cpu_register_physical_memory(0, 0xa0000, ram_addr);
 814         kvm_cpu_register_physical_memory(0, 0xa0000, ram_addr);
 815
 816         ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(0x100000 - 0xa0000);   // hole
 817         ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(ram_size - 0x100000);
 818         cpu_register_physical_memory(0x100000, ram_size - 0x100000, ram_addr);
 819         kvm_cpu_register_physical_memory(0x100000, ram_size - 0x100000,
 820                                          ram_addr);
 821     } else
 822  #endif
 823 #endif
 824     {
 825         ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(ram_size);
 826         cpu_register_physical_memory(0, ram_size, ram_addr);
 827     }
 828     /* allocate VGA RAM */
 829     vga_ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(vga_ram_size);
 830
 831     /* BIOS load */
 832     if (bios_name == NULL)
 833         bios_name = BIOS_FILENAME;
 834     snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, bios_name);
 835     bios_size = get_image_size(buf);
 836     if (bios_size <= 0 ||
 837         (bios_size % 65536) != 0) {
 838         goto bios_error;
 839     }
 840     bios_offset = qemu_ram_alloc(bios_size);
 841     ret = load_image(buf, phys_ram_base + bios_offset);
 842     if (ret != bios_size) {
 843     bios_error:
 844         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load PC BIOS '%s'\n", buf);
 845         exit(1);
 846     }
 847
 848     /* VGA BIOS load */
 849     if (cirrus_vga_enabled) {
 850         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, VGABIOS_CIRRUS_FILENAME);
 851     } else {
 852         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, VGABIOS_FILENAME);
 853     }
 854     vga_bios_size = get_image_size(buf);
 855     if (vga_bios_size <= 0 || vga_bios_size > 65536)
 856         goto vga_bios_error;
 857     vga_bios_offset = qemu_ram_alloc(65536);
 858
 859     ret = load_image(buf, phys_ram_base + vga_bios_offset);
 860     if (ret != vga_bios_size) {
 861     vga_bios_error:
 862         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load VGA BIOS '%s'\n", buf);
 863         exit(1);
 864     }
 865
 866     /* above 4giga memory allocation */
 867     if (above_4g_mem_size > 0) {
 868         ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(above_4g_mem_size);
 869         cpu_register_physical_memory(0x100000000, above_4g_mem_size, ram_addr);
 870 #ifdef USE_KVM
 871     if (kvm_allowed)
 872         kvm_cpu_register_physical_memory(0x100000000, above_4g_mem_size,
 873                                          ram_addr);
 874 #endif
 875     }
 876
 877     /* setup basic memory access */
 878     cpu_register_physical_memory(0xc0000, 0x10000,
 879                                  vga_bios_offset | IO_MEM_ROM);
 880 #ifdef USE_KVM
 881     if (kvm_allowed)
 882         kvm_cpu_register_physical_memory(0xc0000, 0x10000,
 883                                          vga_bios_offset | IO_MEM_ROM);
 884 #endif
 885
 886     /* map the last 128KB of the BIOS in ISA space */
 887     isa_bios_size = bios_size;
 888     if (isa_bios_size > (128 * 1024))
 889         isa_bios_size = 128 * 1024;
 890     cpu_register_physical_memory(0xd0000, (192 * 1024) - isa_bios_size,
 891                                  IO_MEM_UNASSIGNED);
 892     /* kvm tpr optimization needs the bios accessible for write, at least to qemu itself */
 893     cpu_register_physical_memory(0x100000 - isa_bios_size,
 894                                  isa_bios_size,
 895                                  (bios_offset + bios_size - isa_bios_size) /* | IO_MEM_ROM */);
 896 #ifdef USE_KVM
 897     if (kvm_allowed)
 898         kvm_cpu_register_physical_memory(0x100000 - isa_bios_size,
 899                                          isa_bios_size,
 900                                          (bios_offset + bios_size - isa_bios_size) | IO_MEM_ROM);
 901 #endif
 902
 903     opt_rom_offset = 0;
 904     for (i = 0; i < nb_option_roms; i++)
 905         opt_rom_offset += load_option_rom(option_rom[i], opt_rom_offset);
 906
 907     if (extboot_drive != -1) {
 908         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, EXTBOOT_FILENAME);
 909         opt_rom_offset += load_option_rom(buf, opt_rom_offset);
 910     }
 911
 912     /* map all the bios at the top of memory */
 913     cpu_register_physical_memory((uint32_t)(-bios_size),
 914                                  bios_size, bios_offset | IO_MEM_ROM);
 915 #ifdef USE_KVM
 916     if (kvm_allowed) {
 917         int r;
 918 #ifdef KVM_CAP_USER_MEMORY
 919         r = kvm_qemu_check_extension(KVM_CAP_USER_MEMORY);
 920         if (r)
 921             kvm_cpu_register_physical_memory((uint32_t)(-bios_size),
 922                                            bios_size, bios_offset | IO_MEM_ROM);
 923         else
 924 #endif
 925         {
 926             bios_mem = kvm_create_phys_mem(kvm_context, (uint32_t)(-bios_size),
 927                                            bios_size, 0, 1);
 928             if (!bios_mem)
 929                 exit(1);
 930             memcpy(bios_mem, phys_ram_base + bios_offset, bios_size);
 931         }
 932     }
 933 #endif
 934
 935     bochs_bios_init();
 936
 937     if (linux_boot)
 938         load_linux(kernel_filename, initrd_filename, kernel_cmdline);
 939
 940     cpu_irq = qemu_allocate_irqs(pic_irq_request, first_cpu, 1);
 941     i8259 = i8259_init(cpu_irq[0]);
 942     ferr_irq = i8259[13];
 943
 944     if (pci_enabled) {
 945         pci_bus = i440fx_init(&i440fx_state, i8259);
 946         piix3_devfn = piix3_init(pci_bus, -1);
 947     } else {
 948         pci_bus = NULL;
 949     }
 950
 951     /* init basic PC hardware */
 952     register_ioport_write(0x80, 1, 1, ioport80_write, NULL);
 953
 954     register_ioport_write(0xf0, 1, 1, ioportF0_write, NULL);
 955
 956     if (cirrus_vga_enabled) {
 957         if (pci_enabled) {
 958             pci_cirrus_vga_init(pci_bus,
 959                                 ds, phys_ram_base + vga_ram_addr,
 960                                 vga_ram_addr, vga_ram_size);
 961         } else {
 962             isa_cirrus_vga_init(ds, phys_ram_base + vga_ram_addr,
 963                                 vga_ram_addr, vga_ram_size);
 964         }
 965     } else if (vmsvga_enabled) {
 966         if (pci_enabled)
 967             pci_vmsvga_init(pci_bus, ds, phys_ram_base + ram_size,
 968                             ram_size, vga_ram_size);
 969         else
 970             fprintf(stderr, "%s: vmware_vga: no PCI bus\n", __FUNCTION__);
 971     } else {
 972         if (pci_enabled) {
 973             pci_vga_init(pci_bus, ds, phys_ram_base + vga_ram_addr,
 974                          vga_ram_addr, vga_ram_size, 0, 0);
 975         } else {
 976             isa_vga_init(ds, phys_ram_base + vga_ram_addr,
 977                          vga_ram_addr, vga_ram_size);
 978         }
 979     }
 980
 981     rtc_state = rtc_init(0x70, i8259[8]);
 982
 983     register_ioport_read(0x92, 1, 1, ioport92_read, NULL);
 984     register_ioport_write(0x92, 1, 1, ioport92_write, NULL);
 985
 986     if (pci_enabled) {
 987         ioapic = ioapic_init();
 988     }
 989     pit = pit_init(0x40, i8259[0]);
 990     pcspk_init(pit);
 991     if (pci_enabled) {
 992         pic_set_alt_irq_func(isa_pic, ioapic_set_irq, ioapic);
 993     }
 994
 995     for(i = 0; i < MAX_SERIAL_PORTS; i++) {
 996         if (serial_hds[i]) {
 997             serial_init(serial_io[i], i8259[serial_irq[i]], serial_hds[i]);
 998         }
 999     }
1000
1001     for(i = 0; i < MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS; i++) {
1002         if (parallel_hds[i]) {
1003             parallel_init(parallel_io[i], i8259[parallel_irq[i]],
1004                           parallel_hds[i]);
1005         }
1006     }
1007
1008     for(i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
1009         nd = &nd_table[i];
1010         if (!nd->model) {
1011             if (pci_enabled) {
1012                 nd->model = "rtl8139";
1013             } else {
1014                 nd->model = "ne2k_isa";
1015             }
1016         }
1017         if (strcmp(nd->model, "ne2k_isa") == 0) {
1018             pc_init_ne2k_isa(nd, i8259);
1019         } else if (pci_enabled) {
1020             if (strcmp(nd->model, "?") == 0)
1021                 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: Supported ISA NICs: ne2k_isa\n");
1022             pci_nic_init(pci_bus, nd, -1);
1023         } else if (strcmp(nd->model, "?") == 0) {
1024             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: Supported ISA NICs: ne2k_isa\n");
1025             exit(1);
1026         } else {
1027             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: Unsupported NIC: %s\n", nd->model);
1028             exit(1);
1029         }
1030     }
1031
1032 #define USE_HYPERCALL
1033 #ifdef USE_HYPERCALL
1034     pci_hypercall_init(pci_bus);
1035 #endif
1036
1037     if (drive_get_max_bus(IF_IDE) >= MAX_IDE_BUS) {
1038         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: too many IDE bus\n");
1039         exit(1);
1040     }
1041
1042     for(i = 0; i < MAX_IDE_BUS * MAX_IDE_DEVS; i++) {
1043         index = drive_get_index(IF_IDE, i / MAX_IDE_DEVS, i % MAX_IDE_DEVS);
1044         if (index != -1)
1045             hd[i] = drives_table[index].bdrv;
1046         else
1047             hd[i] = NULL;
1048     }
1049
1050     if (pci_enabled) {
1051         pci_piix3_ide_init(pci_bus, hd, piix3_devfn + 1, i8259);
1052     } else {
1053         for(i = 0; i < MAX_IDE_BUS; i++) {
1054             isa_ide_init(ide_iobase[i], ide_iobase2[i], i8259[ide_irq[i]],
1055                          hd[MAX_IDE_DEVS * i], hd[MAX_IDE_DEVS * i + 1]);
1056         }
1057     }
1058
1059     i8042_init(i8259[1], i8259[12], 0x60);
1060     DMA_init(0);
1061 #ifdef HAS_AUDIO
1062     audio_init(pci_enabled ? pci_bus : NULL, i8259);
1063 #endif
1064
1065     for(i = 0; i < MAX_FD; i++) {
1066         index = drive_get_index(IF_FLOPPY, 0, i);
1067         if (index != -1)
1068             fd[i] = drives_table[index].bdrv;
1069         else
1070             fd[i] = NULL;
1071     }
1072     floppy_controller = fdctrl_init(i8259[6], 2, 0, 0x3f0, fd);
1073
1074     cmos_init(ram_size, above_4g_mem_size, boot_device, hd, smp_cpus);
1075
1076     if (pci_enabled && usb_enabled) {
1077         usb_uhci_piix3_init(pci_bus, piix3_devfn + 2);
1078     }
1079
1080     if (pci_enabled && acpi_enabled) {
1081         uint8_t *eeprom_buf = qemu_mallocz(8 * 256); /* XXX: make this persistent */
1082         i2c_bus *smbus;
1083
1084         /* TODO: Populate SPD eeprom data.  */
1085         smbus = piix4_pm_init(pci_bus, piix3_devfn + 3, 0xb100, i8259[9]);
1086         for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
1087             smbus_eeprom_device_init(smbus, 0x50 + i, eeprom_buf + (i * 256));
1088         }
1089     }
1090
1091     if (i440fx_state) {
1092         i440fx_init_memory_mappings(i440fx_state);
1093     }
1094
1095     if (pci_enabled) {
1096         int max_bus;
1097         int bus, unit;
1098         void *scsi;
1099
1100         max_bus = drive_get_max_bus(IF_SCSI);
1101
1102         for (bus = 0; bus <= max_bus; bus++) {
1103             scsi = lsi_scsi_init(pci_bus, -1);
1104             for (unit = 0; unit < LSI_MAX_DEVS; unit++) {
1105                 index = drive_get_index(IF_SCSI, bus, unit);
1106                 if (index == -1)
1107                     continue;
1108                 lsi_scsi_attach(scsi, drives_table[index].bdrv, unit);
1109             }
1110         }
1111     }
1112
1113     /* Add virtio block devices */
1114     if (pci_enabled) {
1115         int index;
1116         int unit_id = 0;
1117
1118         while ((index = drive_get_index(IF_VIRTIO, 0, unit_id)) != -1) {
1119             virtio_blk_init(pci_bus, 0x1AF4, 0x1001,
1120                             drives_table[index].bdrv);
1121             unit_id++;
1122         }
1123     }
1124
1125     if (extboot_drive != -1) {
1126         DriveInfo *info = &drives_table[extboot_drive];
1127         int cyls, heads, secs;
1128
1129         if (info->type != IF_IDE) {
1130             bdrv_guess_geometry(info->bdrv, &cyls, &heads, &secs);
1131             bdrv_set_geometry_hint(info->bdrv, cyls, heads, secs);
1132         }
1133
1134         extboot_init(info->bdrv, 1);
1135     }
1136 }
1137
1138 static void pc_init_pci(ram_addr_t ram_size, int vga_ram_size,
1139                         const char *boot_device, DisplayState *ds,
1140                         const char *kernel_filename,
1141                         const char *kernel_cmdline,
1142                         const char *initrd_filename,
1143                         const char *cpu_model)
1144 {
1145     pc_init1(ram_size, vga_ram_size, boot_device, ds,
1146              kernel_filename, kernel_cmdline,
1147              initrd_filename, 1, cpu_model);
1148 }
1149
1150 static void pc_init_isa(ram_addr_t ram_size, int vga_ram_size,
1151                         const char *boot_device, DisplayState *ds,
1152                         const char *kernel_filename,
1153                         const char *kernel_cmdline,
1154                         const char *initrd_filename,
1155                         const char *cpu_model)
1156 {
1157     pc_init1(ram_size, vga_ram_size, boot_device, ds,
1158              kernel_filename, kernel_cmdline,
1159              initrd_filename, 0, cpu_model);
1160 }
1161
1162 QEMUMachine pc_machine = {
1163     "pc",
1164     "Standard PC",
1165     pc_init_pci,
1166 };
1167
1168 QEMUMachine isapc_machine = {
1169     "isapc",
1170     "ISA-only PC",
1171     pc_init_isa,
1172 };