3 Q. Why not just use gcc?
5 A. Gcc is big, complex, and the gcc maintainers are not interested in
6 other uses of the gcc front-end. In fact, gcc has explicitly
7 resisted splitting up the front and back ends and having some common
8 intermediate language because or religious license issues - you can
9 have multiple front ends and back ends, but they all have to be part
10 of gcc and licensed under the GPL.
12 This all (in my opinion) makes gcc development harder than it should
13 be, and makes the end result very ungainly. With "sparse", the
14 front-end is very explicitly separated into its own independent
15 project, and is totally independent from the users. I don't want to
16 know what you do in the back-end, because I don't think I _should_
22 A. See the previous question: I personally think that the front end
23 must be a totally separate project from the back end: any other
24 approach just leads to insanity. However, at the same time clearly
25 we cannot write intermediate files etc crud (since then the back end
26 would have to re-parse the whole thing and would have to have its
27 own front end and just do a lot of things that do not make any sense
28 from a technical standpoint).
30 I like the GPL, but as rms says, "Linus is just an engineer". I
31 refuse to use a license if that license causes bad engineering
32 decisions. I want the front-end to be considered a separate
33 project, yet the GPL considers the required linking to make the
34 combined thing a derived work. Which is against the whole point
37 I'm not interested in code generation. I'm not interested in what
38 other people do with their back-ends. I _am_ interested in making a
39 good front-end, and "good" means that people find it usable. And
40 they shouldn't be scared away by politics or licenses. If they want
41 to make their back-end be BSD/MIT licensed, that's great. And if
42 they want to have a proprietary back-end, that's ok by me too. It's
45 At the same time, I'm a big believer in "quid pro quo". I wrote the
46 front-end, and if you make improvements to the semantic parsing part
47 (as opposed to just using the resulting parse tree), you'd better
48 cough up. The front-end is intended to be an open-source project in
49 its own right, and if you improve the front end, you must give those
50 improvements back. That's your "quid" to my "quo".
53 Q. So what _is_ the license?
55 A. I don't know yet. I originally thought it would be LGPL, but I'm
56 possibly going for a license that is _not_ subsumable by the GPL.
57 In other words, I don't want to see a GPL'd project suck in the
58 LGPL'd front-end, and then make changes to the front end under the
59 GPL (this is something that the LGPL expressly allows, and see the
60 previous question for why I think it's the _only_ thing that I will
63 The current front-runner is the OSL ("Open Software License", see
64 http://www.opensource.org/licenses/osl.php), together with a note on
65 what makes source derivative and what does not to make it clear that
66 people can write back-ends for it without having to make those
67 back-ends available under the OSL.
70 Q. Does it really parse C?
72 A. Yeah, well... It parses a fairly complete subset of "extended C" as
73 defined by gcc. HOWEVER, since I don't believe in K&R syntax for
74 function declarations or in giving automatic integer types, it
75 doesn't do that. If you don't give types to your variables, they
76 won't have any types, and you can't use them.
78 Similarly, it will be very unhappy about undeclared functions,
79 rather than just assuming they have type "int".
81 Note that a large rationale for me doing this project is for type
82 following, which to some degree explains why the thing is type-anal
83 and refuses to touch the old-style pre-ANSI non-typed (or weakly
84 typed) constructs. Maybe somebody else who is working on projects
85 where pre-ANSI C makes sense might be more inclined to care about
86 ancient C. It's open source, after all. Go wild.
89 Q. What other sparse resources are available?
91 A. Website: http://kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/people/josh/sparse/
93 Mailing list: linux-sparse@vger.kernel.org
94 (email majordomo@vger.kernel.org to subscribe)
96 Git repo: git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/josh/sparse.git
97 gitweb: http://kernel.org/git/?p=linux/kernel/git/josh/sparse.git