2 Copyright (C) 1999-2000, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
5 this manual provided the copyright notice and this permission notice
6 are preserved on all copies.
8 Permission is granted to copy and distribute modified versions of this
9 manual under the conditions for verbatim copying, provided that the
10 entire resulting derived work is distributed under the terms of a
11 permission notice identical to this one.
13 Permission is granted to copy and distribute translations of this
14 manual into another language, under the above conditions for modified
15 versions, except that this permission notice may be included in
16 translations approved by the Free Software Foundation instead of in
24 .TH GROFF_MAN @MAN7EXT@ "@MDATE@" "Groff Version @VERSION@"
28 groff_man \- groff `man' macros to support generation of man pages
54 macros used to generate man pages with
56 were written by James Clark.
57 This document provides a brief summary of the use of each macro in that
64 macros understand the following command line options (which define various
67 .BI \-rLL= line-length
69 If this option is not given, the line length defaults to 78n in nroff mode
70 and 6.5i in troff mode.
72 .BI \-rLT= title-length
74 If this option is not given, the title length defaults to 78n in nroff mode
75 and 6.5i in troff mode.
78 This option (the default if in nroff mode) will create a single, very long
79 page instead of multiple pages.
85 If more than one manual page is given on the command line, number the
86 pages continuously, rather than starting each at\ 1.
89 Double-sided printing.
90 Footers for even and odd pages are formatted differently.
93 Enumeration of pages will start with
98 Base document font size is
102 can be 10, 11, or\ 12) rather than 10\ points.
112 For example, the option `\-rX2' will produce the following page numbers:
113 1, 2, 2a, 2b, 2c, etc.
117 This section describes the available macros for manual pages.
118 For further customization, put additional macros and requests into the file
120 which will be loaded immediately after the
124 .BI .TH " title section " [ extra1 "] [" extra2 "] [" extra3 ]
125 Sets the title of the man page to
129 which must take on a value between 1 and\ 8.
132 may also have a string appended, e.g. `.pm', to indicate a specific
133 subsection of the man pages.
138 are positioned at the left and right in the header line (with
140 in parentheses immediately appended to
143 will be positioned in the middle of the footer line.
145 will be positioned at the left in the footer line (resp. at the left on
146 even pages and at the right on odd pages if double-sided printing is
149 is centered in the header line.
151 For HTML output, headers and footers are completely supressed.
153 Additionally, this macro starts a new page; the new line number is\ 1 again
154 (except if the `-rC1' option is given on the command line) -- this feature
155 is intended only for formatting multiple man pages; a single man page should
158 macro at the beginning of the file.
160 .BI ".SH [" "text for a heading" ]
161 Sets up an unnumbered section heading sticking out to the left.
162 Prints out all the text following
164 up to the end of the line (resp. the text in the next input line if there is
167 in bold face, one size larger than the base document size.
168 Additionally, the left margin for the following text is reset to its default
171 .BI ".SS [" "text for a heading" ]
172 Sets up an secondary, unnumbered section heading.
173 Prints out all the text following
175 up to the end of the line (resp. the text in the next input line if there is
178 in bold face, at the same size as the base document size.
179 Additionally, the left margin for the following text is reset to its default
183 Sets up an indented paragraph with label.
184 The indentation is set to
186 if that argument is supplied (the default unit is `n' if omitted), otherwise
187 it is set to the default indentation value.
188 The first input line of text following this macro is interpreted as a string
189 to be printed flush-left, as it is appropriate for a label.
190 It is not interpreted as part of a paragraph, so there is no attempt to fill
191 the first line with text from the following input lines.
192 Nevertheless, if the label is not as wide as the indentation, then the
193 paragraph starts at the same line (but indented), continuing on the
195 If the label is wider than the indentation, then the descriptive part of the
196 paragraph begins on the line following the label, entirely indented.
197 Note that neither font shape nor font size of the label is set to a default
198 value; on the other hand, the rest of the text will have default font
202 macro is the macro used for the explanations you are just reading.
209 These macros are mutual aliases.
210 Any of them causes a line break at the current position, followed by a
211 vertical space downwards by the amount specified by the
214 The font size and shape are reset to the default value (10pt resp. Roman).
215 Finally, the current left margin is restored.
217 .BI ".IP [" designator "] [" nnn ]
218 Sets up an indented paragraph, using
220 as a tag to mark its beginning.
221 The indentation is set to
223 if that argument is supplied (default unit is `n'), otherwise the default
224 indentation value is used.
225 Font size and face of the paragraph (but not the designator) are reset to
227 To start an indented paragraph with a particular indentation but without a
228 designator, use `""' (two doublequotes) as the second argument.
230 For example, the following paragraphs were all set up with bullets as the
231 designator, using `.IP\ \\(bu\ 4':
235 is one of the three macros used in the
237 package to format lists.
241 This macro produces a paragraph with a left hanging indentation.
245 This macro produces an unindented label followed by an indented paragraph.
249 Sets up a paragraph with hanging left indentation.
250 The indentation is set to
252 if that argument is supplied (default unit is `n'), otherwise the default
253 indentation value is used.
254 Font size and face are reset to its default values.
255 The following paragraph illustrates the effect of this macro with hanging
256 indentation set to\ 4:
259 This is a paragraph following an invocation of the
262 As you can see, it produces a paragraph where all lines but the first are
267 This macro moves the left margin to the right by the value
269 if specified (default unit is `n'); otherwise the default indentation value
276 This macro moves the left margin back to level
278 if no argument is given, it moves one level back.
279 The first level (i.e., no call to
281 yet) has number\ 1, and each call to
283 increases the level by\ 1.
285 To summarize, the following macros cause a line break with the insertion of
286 vertical space (which amount can be changed with the
302 also cause a break but no insertion of vertical space.
304 .SH "MACROS TO SET FONTS"
306 The standard font is Roman; the default text size is 10\ point.
309 Causes the text on the same line or the text on the next input line to
310 appear in a font that is one point size smaller than the default font.
313 Causes the text on the same line or the text on the next input line to
314 appear in boldface font, one point size smaller than the default font.
317 Causes text on the same line to appear alternately in bold face and italic.
318 The text must be on the same line as the macro call.
322 \&.BI this "word and" that
324 would cause `this' and `that' to appear in bold face, while `word and'
329 Causes text to appear alternately in italic and bold face.
330 The text must be on the same line as the macro call.
333 Causes text on the same line to appear alternately in roman and italic.
334 The text must be on the same line as the macro call.
337 Causes text on the same line to appear alternately in italic and roman.
338 The text must be on the same line as the macro call.
341 Causes text on the same line to appear alternately in bold face and roman.
342 The text must be on the same line as the macro call.
345 Causes text on the same line to appear alternately in roman and bold face.
346 The text must be on the same line as the macro call.
351 to appear in bold face.
352 If no text is present on the line where the macro is called, then the text
353 of the next input line appears in bold face.
359 If no text is present on the line where the macro is called, then the text
360 of the next input line appears in italic.
364 The default indentation is 7.2n for all output devices except for
366 which ignores indentation.
369 Sets tabs every 0.5 inches.
370 Since this macro is always called during a
372 request, it makes sense to call it only if the tab positions have been
376 Adjusts the empty space before a new paragraph (resp. section).
377 The optional argument gives the amount of space (default units are `v');
378 without parameter, the value is reset to its default value (1\ line for tty
379 devices, 0.4v\ otherwise).
380 This affects the macros
393 The following strings are defined:
396 Switch back to the default font size.
399 The `registered' sign.
402 The `trademark' sign.
407 Left and right quote.
408 This is equal to `\e(lq' and `\e(rq', respectively.
410 If a preprocessor like
414 is needed, it has become usage to make the first line of the man page look
421 Note the single space character after the double quote.
423 consists of letters for the needed preprocessors: `e' for
429 Modern implementations of the
431 program read this first line and automatically call the right
439 These are wrapper files to call
443 This file checks whether the
447 package should be used.
452 macros are contained in this file.
455 Local changes and customizations should be put into this file.
461 macros consist of groups of
463 requests, one can, in principle, supplement the functionality of the
465 macros with individual
467 requests where necessary.
468 A complete list of these requests is available on the WWW at
471 http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~trent/gnu/groff/groff_toc.html
473 .BR @g@tbl (@MAN1EXT@),
474 .BR @g@eqn (@MAN1EXT@),
475 .BR @g@refer (@MAN1EXT@),
480 This manual page was originally written for the Debian GNU/Linux system by
481 Susan G. Kleinmann <sgk@debian.org>, corrected and updated by Werner Lemberg
482 <wl@gnu.org>, and is now part of the GNU troff distribution.