1 .\" Copyright (c) 1986 The Regents of the University of California.
2 .\" All rights reserved.
4 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted
5 .\" provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
6 .\" duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation,
7 .\" advertising materials, and other materials related to such
8 .\" distribution and use acknowledge that the software was developed
9 .\" by the University of California, Berkeley. The name of the
10 .\" University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived
11 .\" from this software without specific prior written permission.
12 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED ``AS IS'' AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR
13 .\" IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED
14 .\" WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
16 .\" @(#)ref.me 6.4 (Berkeley) 7/17/89
18 .\" Modified by jjc@jclark.com for groff.
24 .de TL \" *** title line
35 \\\\h'|\\\\n(DIu'\\\\c
52 .he '\-ME REFERENCE MANUAL''%'
60 .\"eh 'USD:23-%''\-me Reference Manual'
61 .\"oh '\-me Reference Manual''USD:23-%'
65 .b "\-ME REFERENCE MANUAL"
68 .i "\*G Version \*(MO\(dg"
70 \(dgBased on Berkeley Release 2.31.
76 *Author's current address:
78 1919 Addison Suite 105,
79 Berkeley, California 94704.
83 Electronics Research Laboratory
84 University of California, Berkeley
85 Berkeley, California 94720
87 .i "Modified for \*G by James Clark"
91 This document describes
92 in extremely terse form
98 Some familiarity is assumed
102 the reader should understand
106 the use and definition of number registers
108 how to define macros,
109 and scaling factors for ens, points,
111 (vertical line spaces),
114 For a more casual introduction
117 refer to the document
119 Writing Papers with \*G using \-me.
121 There are a number of macro parameters
122 that may be adjusted.
123 Fonts may be set to a font number only.
124 Font 0 is no font change;
125 the font of the surrounding text
127 Notice that font 0 is a
130 it is simulated by the macros.
131 This means that although it is legal to set a font register
133 it is not legal to use the escape character form,
141 so it is nearly always necessary
142 to use a scaling factor.
145 to set the paragraph indent
146 to eight one-en spaces is:
154 which would set the paragraph indent to eight basic units,
156 Default parameter values are given in brackets
157 in the remainder of this document.
159 Registers and strings
163 may be used in expressions
164 but should not be changed.
168 perform some function
171 to change this function.
172 This may be a sensitive operation;
173 look at the body of the original macro
177 follow a rigid naming convention.
178 The user may define number registers,
182 uses single character upper case names
183 or double character names
184 consisting of letters and digits,
185 with at least one upper case letter.
186 In no case should special characters
187 be used in user-defined names.
188 Locally defined macros
189 should all be of the form
195 (upper or lower case)
198 This documentation was \*G'ed
200 and applies to \*G version
205 These macros are used
207 The standard paragraph macro
210 the others are all variants
211 to be used for special purposes.
213 After the first call to one of the paragraphing macros
214 defined in this section
218 (defined in the next session),
219 the effects of changing parameters
220 which will have a global effect
221 on the format of the page
222 (notably page length and header and footer margins)
224 and should be avoided.
228 Begin left-justified paragraph.
229 Centering and underlining
230 are turned off if they were on,
268 This is the standard paragraph macro.
276 The body of the following paragraph
287 more than a non-indented paragraph
293 is exdented (opposite of indented).
294 The result is a paragraph
295 with an even left edge
298 printed in the margin.
304 will not fit in the space provided,
306 will start a new line.
310 A variant of .ip which numbers paragraphs.
317 The current paragraph number
325 except that paragraphs are marked with bullets (\(bu).
326 Leading space is eliminated to create compact lists.
327 .sh 1 "Section Headings"
330 are similar to paragraphs
334 generated for each one.
335 The section numbers are of the form
340 is the count of numbers
341 (separated by decimal points)
342 in the section number.
344 Unnumbered section headings are similar,
345 except that no number is attached
353 Begin numbered section
365 the individual parts of the section number
373 space before the section.
385 of the section may be accessed via
393 times the section depth,
394 and the section title
399 an additional indent of
402 is added to the section title
403 (but not to the body of the section).
405 to the paragraph font,
406 so that more information may occur
408 with the section number
411 insures that there is enough room
412 to print the section head
413 plus the beginning of a paragraph
414 (about 3 lines total).
420 the section number is set to that number
421 rather than incremented automatically.
427 that number is not reset.
430 is a single underscore
433 then the section depth and numbering is reset,
434 but the base indent is not reset
435 and nothing is printed out.
436 This is useful to automatically
437 coordinate section numbers with
447 but do not print the number
449 and do not increment the section number
453 of starting a new paragraph
460 Unnumbered section heading.
464 with the same rules for spacing,
474 Print section heading.
476 to get fancier headings.
478 is the title passed on the
484 is the section number for this section,
487 is the depth of this section.
488 These parameters are not always present;
493 passes only the first,
499 Care should be taken if this macro
501 it is quite complex and subtle.
508 This macro is called automatically
511 It is normally undefined,
515 into the table of contents
516 or for some similar function.
519 for the section title which was just printed,
521 is the section number,
524 is the section depth.
530 Traps called just before printing that depth section.
533 give variable spacing
535 These macros are called from
537 so if you redefine that macro
538 you may lose this feature.
539 .sh 1 "Headers and Footers"
540 .ds TP \fI\(aal\|\(aam\^\(aar\^\(aa\fP
543 are put at the top and bottom
552 Each of the definitions
558 if there are two blanks adjacent
559 anywhere in the title
560 or more than eight blanks total.
563 of headers and footers
564 are controlled by three number registers.
567 is the distance from the top of the page
568 to the top of the header,
571 is the distance from the bottom of the page
572 to the bottom of the footer,
575 is the distance from the top of the page
576 to the top of the text,
580 is the distance from the bottom of the page
581 to the bottom of the text
589 are also supplied for compatibility
591 \s-1ROFF\s0 documents.
596 Define three-part header,
597 to be printed on the top
604 to be printed at the bottom
611 to be printed at the top of every
618 to be printed at the top of every
625 to be printed at the bottom
626 of every even-numbered page.
632 to be printed at the bottom
633 of every odd-numbered page.
637 Suppress headers and footers
643 Set the space between the top of the page
650 Set the space between the header
651 and the first line of text
658 between the bottom of the text
667 and the bottom of the page
673 but do not begin the next page.
674 Useful for forcing out footnotes,
676 that hardly every used.
677 Must be followed by a
691 loses the function of the
700 as well as the chapter-style title feature
713 A normally undefined macro
715 at the top of each page
718 initial saved floating keeps,
721 this macro is called immediately before
724 It can be used for column headings
728 All displays except centered blocks
730 are preceded and followed
736 Quote spacing is stored in a separate register;
737 centered blocks have no default initial or trailing space.
738 The vertical spacing of all displays except quotes
740 is stored in register
750 Lists are single spaced,
756 the list will be filled.
763 the list is indented by
768 the list is indented to the left margin;
771 the list is left justified with respect to the text
774 only if the base indent
782 the list is centered on a line-by-line basis.
783 The list is set in font
788 This macro is almost like
790 except that no attempt is made
791 to keep the display on one page.
800 These are single spaced,
802 moved in from the text
807 preceded and followed
813 and are set in point size
815 [one point smaller than surrounding text].
828 where the text of a keep
829 is kept together on one page
832 for tables and figures
833 which should not be broken
835 If the block will not fit
839 that would leave more than
843 at the bottom of the text.
846 is zero, the threshold feature
848 Blocks are not filled
853 when they are filled.
854 The block will be left-justified
873 and left justified to the margin
874 (not to the base indent)
879 The block is set in font
894 except that the keep is
896 to the bottom of the page
897 or the top of the next page.
899 its position relative to the text changes.
900 The floating keep is preceded and followed
915 Begin centered block.
917 is centered as a block,
918 rather than on a line-by-line basis
921 This call may be nested
932 Everything in the next keep
937 similar to footnotes.
943 The delayed text number register
945 and the associated string
954 Everything diverted via
956 is printed and truncated.
958 at the end of each chapter.
963 The text of the footnote
964 is floated to the bottom
984 from the right margin.
985 Footnotes line up underneath
987 If the text of the footnote
988 will not all fit on one page
989 it will be carried over
998 and the associated string
1001 if they have been referenced.
1005 The macro to output the footnote separator.
1006 This macro may be redefined
1007 to give other size lines or other types
1010 it draws a 1.5i line.
1016 Index entries are saved in the index
1020 until called up with
1022 Each entry is preceded
1032 this register tells how far the page number
1033 extends into the right margin.
1041 is finished with a row of dots
1045 right justified on the last line
1046 (such as for an author's name),
1056 can be used to print the current page number.
1071 The index is formatted in the font, size, and so forth
1072 in effect at the time it is printed,
1073 rather than at the time it is collected.
1074 .sh 1 "Columned Output"
1080 Enter two-column mode.
1081 The column separation is set to
1083 [4n, 0.5i in ACM mode]
1087 calculated to fill the single column line length
1094 You can test register
1097 to see if you are in single column
1098 or double column mode.
1107 Revert to single-column mode.
1114 except that it begins a new column
1117 rather than forcing a whole new page
1118 if there is another column left
1119 on the current page.
1120 .sh 1 "Fonts and Sizes"
1125 The pointsize is set to
1128 and the line spacing is set proportionally.
1129 The line spacing as a percentage of the pointsize expressed in units
1132 The percentage used internally
1133 by displays and annotations
1136 (although this is not used by
1140 sticky beyond many macros:
1143 (paragraph pointsize)
1144 modifies the pointsize every time a new paragraph is begun
1155 (footnote pointsize),
1159 (section header pointsize),
1163 may modify the pointsize.
1174 in the previous font.
1175 To append different font requests,
1181 change to roman font.
1192 in the previous font.
1194 change to italic font.
1205 in the previous font.
1207 switch to bold font.
1217 This is a true underlining,
1223 (usually italics in \*G).
1227 is spread or broken (including hyphenated).
1229 it is safe in nofill mode only.
1270 is spread or broken (including hyphenated).
1272 it is safe in nofill mode only.
1280 in a smaller pointsize,
1284 .sh 1 "Roff Support"
1300 contiguous white space,
1301 on the next page if not enough room
1323 Set page number in Arabic.
1329 Number lines in margin from one
1343 Leave the next output page blank,
1344 except for headers and footers.
1345 This is used to leave space
1346 for a full-page diagram
1347 which is produced externally
1348 and pasted in later.
1349 To get a partial-page paste-in display,
1355 is the amount of space
1357 this space will be output immediately
1359 and will otherwise be output
1360 at the top of the next page.
1364 is greater than the amount of available space
1366 no space will ever be output.
1367 .sh 1 "Preprocessor Support"
1374 The equation is centered
1387 and left justified if
1392 is a title printed on the right margin
1393 next to the equation.
1395 .i "Typesetting Mathematics \- User's Guide"
1396 by Brian W. Kernighan
1397 and Lorinda L. Cherry.
1407 the equation must be continued
1408 by immediately following
1413 along with this one.
1415 the equation is printed,
1427 Tables are single spaced
1428 and kept on one page
1430 If you have a large table
1431 which will not fit on one page,
1436 and follow the header part
1437 (to be printed on every page of the table)
1441 .i "Tbl \- A Program to Format Tables"
1448 ends the header portion of the table.
1453 Note that this table
1456 it is not even guaranteed to stay on one page
1457 if you use requests such as
1459 intermixed with the text
1461 If you want it to float
1462 (or if you use requests
1464 surround the entire table
1486 both in basic units.
1508 picture (alternate form).
1526 picture (alternate form).
1527 .sh 1 "Miscellaneous"
1531 Reset tabs every 0.5i.
1545 come out indented by this amount.
1546 Titles and footnotes
1556 and sets the base indent to
1564 Set the line length to
1570 because it only affects the current environment.
1575 Set line length in all environments
1579 This should not be used
1580 after output has begun,
1581 and particularly not in two-column output.
1582 The current line length is stored in
1587 Draws a horizontal line
1588 the length of the page.
1590 inside floating keeps
1594 .sh 1 "Standard Papers"
1599 Spacing at the top of the page
1601 and headers and footers are suppressed.
1611 This request defines the section of the paper
1612 which we are entering.
1613 The section type is defined by
1616 means that we are entering the chapter portion
1619 means that we are entering the appendix portion
1622 means that the material following
1623 should be the preliminary portion
1624 (abstract, table of contents, etc.)
1625 portion of the paper,
1627 means that we are entering the abstract
1628 (numbered independently from 1
1629 in Arabic numerals),
1632 means that we are entering the bibliographic
1633 portion at the end of the paper.
1639 which specify renumbering of pages
1640 from one at the beginning of each
1641 chapter or appendix,
1645 parameter defines the new header.
1646 If there are any spaces in it,
1647 the entire header must be quoted.
1648 If you want the header to have the chapter number
1652 For example, to number appendixes
1656 .b ".++ RA \(aa\(aa\(aa\e\e\e\en(ch.%\(aa" .
1658 (chapter, appendix, etc.)
1659 should be preceded by the
1662 It should be mentioned
1663 that it is easier when using
1664 \*T to put the front material
1665 at the end of the paper,
1666 so that the table of contents
1667 can be collected and put out;
1668 this material can then be physically
1669 moved to the beginning of the paper.
1674 Begin chapter with title
1679 This register is incremented
1682 is called with a parameter.
1683 The title and chapter number
1686 The header is moved to the footer
1694 this is useful for doing your own
1696 at the beginning of papers
1697 without a title page proper.
1701 as a hook so that chapter titles can be inserted
1702 into a table of contents automatically.
1703 The footnote numbering is reset to one.
1708 Print chapter number
1713 This macro can be redefined to your liking.
1714 It is defined by default
1720 which can be defined to make index entries,
1728 This macro is called by
1730 It is normally undefined,
1731 but can be used to automatically insert
1744 is the chapter or appendix number,
1747 is the chapter or appendix title.
1748 .sh 1 "Predefined Strings"
1752 Footnote number, actually
1756 This macro is incremented
1762 Delayed text number.
1770 This string gives upward movement
1771 and a change to a smaller point size.
1772 Extra space is left above the line
1773 to allow room for the superscript.
1781 to produce a superscript
1793 Extra space is left below the line
1794 to allow for the subscript.
1803 The day of the week,
1815 The date is of the form \*(td.
1816 Other forms of the date can be used
1819 (the day of the month;
1820 for example, \n(dy),
1826 but as an ordinal number;
1827 for example, \*(mo is \n(mo),
1830 (the last two digits of the current year).
1845 .sh 1 "Special Characters and Marks"
1847 There are a number of special characters
1848 and diacritical marks
1850 available through \-me.
1854 Acute accent \e*\(aa a\e*\(aa a\*'
1855 Grave accent \e*\(ga e\e*\(ga e\*`
1856 Umlaut \e*: u\e*: u\*:
1857 Tilde \e*~ n\e*~ n\*~
1858 Caret \e*^ e\e*^ e\*^
1859 Cedilla \e*, c\e*, c\*,
1860 Czech \e*v e\e*v e\*v
1861 Circle \e*o A\e*o A\*o
1862 There exists \e*(qe \*(qe
1863 For all \e*(qa \*(qa
1868 I would like to thank
1872 for having the courage
1873 to use the \-me macros
1874 to produce non-trivial papers
1875 during the development stages;
1879 for their help with the documentation phase;
1881 for numerous complaints,
1882 most accompanied by fixes;
1883 and the plethora of people who have contributed ideas
1884 and have given support for the project.
1888 This alphabetical list summarizes all macros, strings, and number registers
1889 available in the \-me macros.
1892 commands, registers, and functions are included as well;
1893 those listed can generally be used with impunity.
1895 The columns are the name of the
1896 command, macro, register, or string;
1897 the type of the object,
1898 and the description.
1901 for macro or builtin command
1906 in the first input column),
1914 for a number register
1924 (invoked by preceding it with a single backslash).
1926 Lines marked with \(sc are
1929 Lines marked with \(dg or \(dd
1930 may be defined by the user to get special functions;
1931 \(dd indicates that these are defined by default
1932 and changing them may have unexpected side effects.
1933 Lines marked with \(de
1940 .ta \w'\e(space)\(sc\ 'u +\w'TYPE 'u
1941 NAME TYPE DESCRIPTION
1946 \e(space) F\(sc unpaddable space
1947 \e" F\(sc comment (to end of line)
1948 \e*# S optional delayed text tag string
1949 \e$\fI\&N\fP F\(sc interpolate argument \fI\&N\fP
1950 \en($0 R section depth
1951 \&.$0 M\(dg invoked after section title printed
1952 \en($1 R first section number
1953 \&.$1 M\(dg invoked before printing depth 1 section
1954 \en($2 R second section number
1955 \&.$2 M\(dg invoked before printing depth 2 section
1956 \en($3 R third section number
1957 \&.$3 M\(dg invoked before printing depth 3 section
1958 \en($4 R fourth section number
1959 \&.$4 M\(dg invoked before printing depth 4 section
1960 \en($5 R fifth section number
1961 \&.$5 M\(dg invoked before printing depth 5 section
1962 \en($6 R sixth section number
1963 \&.$6 M\(dg invoked before printing depth 6 section
1964 \&.$C M\(dg called at beginning of chapter
1965 \&.$H M\(dg text header
1966 \en($V R\(dd relative vertical spacing in displays
1967 \en($c R current column number
1968 \&.$c M\(dd print chapter title
1969 \en($d R delayed text number
1970 \en($f R footnote number
1971 \&.$f M\(dd print footer
1972 \&.$h M\(dd print header
1973 \en($i R paragraph base indent
1974 \en($l R column width
1975 \en($m R number of columns in effect
1976 \e*($n S section name
1977 \en($p R numbered paragraph number
1978 \&.$p M\(dd print section heading (internal macro)
1979 \en($s R column indent
1980 \&.$s M\(dd footnote separator (from text)
1981 \en($v R\(dd relative vertical spacing in text
1982 \en% R\(sc current page number
1983 \e& F\(sc zero width character, useful for hiding controls
1984 \e(\fI\&xx\fP F\(sc interpolate special character \fI\&xx\fP
1986 \&.(c M begin centered block
1987 \&.(d M begin delayed text
1988 \&.(f M begin footnote
1991 \&.(x M begin index entry
1992 \&.(z M begin floating keep
1994 \&.)c M end centered block
1995 \&.)d M end delayed text
1996 \&.)f M end footnote
1999 \&.)x M end index entry
2000 \&.)z M end floating keep
2001 \e*\fI\&x\fP F\(sc interpolate string \fI\&x\fP
2002 \e*(\fI\&xx\fP F\(sc interpolate string \fI\&xx\fP
2003 \e** S optional footnote tag string
2004 \&.++ M set paper section type
2005 \&.+c M begin chapter
2007 \e\- F\(sc minus sign
2009 \e0 F\(sc unpaddable digit-width space
2010 \&.1c M revert to single column output
2011 \&.2c M begin two column output
2013 \e*< S begin subscript
2014 \e*> S end subscript
2015 \&.EN M end equation
2016 \&.EQ M begin equation
2017 \eL\'\fI\&d\fP\' F\(sc vertical line drawing function for distance \fI\&d\fP
2018 \&.GE M\(de end \fIgremlin\fP picture
2019 \&.GF M\(de end \fIgremlin\fP picture (with flyback)
2020 \&.GS M\(de start \fIgremlin\fP picture
2021 \&.IE M\(de end \fIideal\fP picture
2022 \&.IF M\(de end \fIideal\fP picture (with flyback)
2023 \&.IS M\(de start \fIideal\fP picture
2024 \&.PE M\(de end \fIpic\fP picture
2025 \&.PF M\(de end \fIpic\fP picture (with flyback)
2026 \&.PS M\(de start \fIpic\fP picture
2028 \&.TH M end header of table
2030 \e*{ S begin superscript
2031 \en(\&.$ R\(sc number of arguments to macro
2032 \en(\&.i R\(sc current indent
2033 \en(\&.l R\(sc current line length
2034 \en(\&.s R\(sc current point size
2035 \e*(\&\' S acute accent
2036 \e*(\&\` S grave accent
2037 \e(\' F\(sc acute accent
2038 \e(\` F\(sc grave accent
2039 \e*} S end superscript
2040 \e^ F\(sc 1/12 em narrow space
2042 \&.ad M\(sc set text adjustment
2043 \&.af M\(sc assign format to register
2044 \&.am M\(sc append to macro
2045 \&.ar M set page numbers in Arabic
2046 \&.as M\(sc append to string
2048 \&.ba M set base indent
2049 \&.bc M begin new column
2051 \en(bi R display (block) indent
2052 \&.bl M blank lines (even at top of page)
2053 \en(bm R bottom title margin
2054 \&.bp M\(sc begin page
2055 \&.br M\(sc break (start new line)
2056 \en(bs R display (block) pre/post spacing
2057 \en(bt R block keep threshold
2059 \ec F\(sc continue input
2060 \&.ce M\(sc center lines
2061 \en(ch R current chapter number
2062 \&.de M\(sc define macro
2063 \en(df R display font
2064 \&.ds M\(sc define string
2065 \en(dw R\(sc current day of week
2066 \e*(dw S current day of week
2067 \en(dy R\(sc day of month
2068 \ee F\(sc printable version of \e
2069 \&.ef M set footer (even numbered pages only)
2070 \&.eh M set header (even numbered pages only)
2071 \&.el M\(sc else part of conditional
2073 \en(es R equation pre/post space
2074 \ef\fI\&f\fP F\(sc inline font change to font \fI\&f\fP
2075 \ef(\fI\&ff\fP F\(sc inline font change to font \fI\&ff\fP
2076 \&.fc M\(sc set field characters
2077 \en(ff R footnote font
2078 \&.fi M\(sc fill output lines
2079 \en(fi R footnote indent (first line only)
2080 \en(fm R footer margin
2082 \en(fp R footnote pointsize
2083 \en(fs R footnote prespace
2084 \en(fu R footnote undent (from right margin)
2085 \eh\'\fI\&d\fP\' F\(sc local horizontal motion for distance \fI\&d\fP
2086 \&.hc M\(sc set hyphenation character
2088 \&.hl M draw horizontal line
2089 \en(hm R header margin
2090 \&.hx M suppress headers and footers on next page
2091 \&.hy M\(sc set hyphenation mode
2093 \&.ie M\(sc conditional with else
2094 \&.if M\(sc conditional
2095 \en(ii R indented paragraph indent
2096 \&.in M\(sc indent (transient, use .ba for pervasive)
2097 \&.ip M begin indented paragraph
2098 \&.ix M indent, no break
2099 \el\'\fI\&d\fP\' F\(sc horizontal line drawing function for distance \fI\&d\fP
2100 \&.lc M\(sc set leader repetition character
2101 \&.ll M set line length
2102 \&.lp M begin left justified paragraph
2103 \e*(lq S left quote marks
2104 \&.ls M\(sc set multi-line spacing
2105 \&.m1 M set space from top of page to header
2106 \&.m2 M set space from header to text
2107 \&.m3 M set space from text to footer
2108 \&.m4 M set space from footer to bottom of page
2109 \&.mc M\(sc insert margin character
2110 \&.mk M\(sc mark vertical position
2111 \en(mo R\(sc month of year
2112 \e*(mo S current month
2113 \en\fI\&x\fP F\(sc interpolate number register \fI\&x\fP
2114 \en(\fI\&xx\fP F\(sc interpolate number register \fI\&xx\fP
2115 \&.n1 M number lines in margin
2116 \&.n2 M number lines in margin
2117 \&.na M\(sc turn off text adjustment
2118 \&.ne M\(sc need vertical space
2119 \&.nf M\(sc don't fill output lines
2120 \&.nh M\(sc turn off hyphenation
2121 \&.np M begin numbered paragraph
2122 \&.nr M\(sc set number register
2123 \&.ns M\(sc no space mode
2124 \e*o S circle (e.g., for Norse A\*o)
2125 \&.of M set footer (odd numbered pages only)
2126 \&.oh M set header (odd numbered pages only)
2128 \&.pd M print delayed text
2129 \en(pf R paragraph font
2130 \en(pi R paragraph indent
2131 \&.pl M\(sc set page length
2132 \&.pn M\(sc set next page number
2133 \&.po M\(sc page offset
2134 \en(po R simulated page offset
2135 \&.pp M begin paragraph
2136 \en(pp R paragraph pointsize
2137 \en(ps R paragraph prespace
2140 \e*(qe S there exists
2141 \en(qi R quote indent (also shortens line)
2142 \en(qp R quote pointsize
2143 \en(qs R quote pre/post space
2145 \&.rb M real bold font
2147 \&.rm M\(sc remove macro or string
2148 \&.rn M\(sc rename macro or string
2149 \&.ro M set page numbers in roman
2150 \e*(rq S right quote marks
2151 \&.rr M\(sc remove register
2152 \&.rs M\(sc restore spacing
2153 \&.rt M\(sc return to vertical position
2154 \es\fI\&S\fP F\(sc inline size change to size \fI\&S\fP
2155 \en(sf R section title font
2156 \&.sh M begin numbered section
2157 \en(si R relative base indent per section depth
2158 \&.sk M skip next page
2159 \&.sm M set argument in a smaller pointsize
2160 \&.so M\(sc source input file
2161 \en(so R additional section title offset
2162 \&.sp M\(sc vertical space
2163 \en(sp R section title pointsize
2164 \en(ss R section prespace
2165 \&.sx M change section depth
2166 \&.sz M set pointsize and vertical spacing
2167 \&.ta M\(sc set tab stops
2168 \&.tc M\(sc set tab repetition character
2169 \e*(td S today's date
2171 \&.ti M\(sc temporary indent (next line only)
2172 \&.tl M\(sc three part title
2173 \en(tm R top title margin
2174 \&.tp M begin title page
2175 \en(tp R title pointsize
2176 \&.tr M\(sc translate
2178 \&.uh M unnumbered section
2179 \&.ul M\(sc underline next line
2180 \ev\'\fI\&d\fP\' F\(sc local vertical motion for distance \fI\&d\fP
2181 \e*v S inverted `v' for czeck ``e\*v''
2182 \ew\'\fI\&S\fP\' F\(sc return width of string \fI\&S\fP
2183 \&.xl M set line length (local)
2185 \en(xs R index entry prespace
2186 \en(xu R index undent (from right margin)
2187 \en(yr R\(sc year (last two digits only)
2188 \en(zs R floating keep pre/post space
2189 \e{ F\(sc begin conditional group
2190 \e| F\(sc 1/6 em narrow space
2191 \e} F\(sc end conditional group