2 Copyright (C) 1999-2000, 2001, 2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
4 Permission is granted to make and distribute verbatim copies of
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6 are preserved on all copies.
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24 .TH GROFF_MAN @MAN7EXT@ "@MDATE@" "Groff Version @VERSION@"
28 groff_man \- groff `man' macros to support generation of man pages
54 macros used to generate man pages with
56 were written by James Clark.
57 This document provides a brief summary of the use of each macro in that
64 macros understand the following command line options (which define various
68 This option (the default if in nroff mode) will create a single, very long
69 page instead of multiple pages.
75 If more than one manual page is given on the command line, number the
76 pages continuously, rather than starting each at\ 1.
79 Double-sided printing.
80 Footers for even and odd pages are formatted differently.
83 Enumeration of pages will start with
88 Base document font size is
92 can be 10, 11, or\ 12) rather than 10\ points.
102 For example, the option `\-rX2' will produce the following page numbers:
103 1, 2, 2a, 2b, 2c, etc.
107 This section describes the available macros for manual pages.
108 For further customization, put additional macros and requests into the file
110 which will be loaded immediately after the
114 .BI .TH " title section " [ extra1 "] [" extra2 "] [" extra3 ]
115 Sets the title of the man page to
119 which must take on a value between 1 and\ 8.
122 may also have a string appended, e.g. `.pm', to indicate a specific
123 subsection of the man pages.
128 are positioned at the left and right in the header line (with
130 in parentheses immediately appended to
133 will be positioned in the middle of the footer line.
135 will be positioned at the left in the footer line (resp. at the left on
136 even pages and at the right on odd pages if double-sided printing is
139 is centered in the header line.
141 For HTML output, headers and footers are completely supressed.
143 Additionally, this macro starts a new page; the new line number is\ 1 again
144 (except if the `-rC1' option is given on the command line) -- this feature
145 is intended only for formatting multiple man pages; a single man page should
148 macro at the beginning of the file.
150 .BI ".SH [" "text for a heading" ]
151 Sets up an unnumbered section heading sticking out to the left.
152 Prints out all the text following
154 up to the end of the line (resp. the text in the next input line if there is
157 in bold face, one size larger than the base document size.
158 Additionally, the left margin for the following text is reset to its default
161 .BI ".SS [" "text for a heading" ]
162 Sets up an secondary, unnumbered section heading.
163 Prints out all the text following
165 up to the end of the line (resp. the text in the next input line if there is
168 in bold face, at the same size as the base document size.
169 Additionally, the left margin for the following text is reset to its default
173 Sets up an indented paragraph with label.
174 The indentation is set to
176 if that argument is supplied (the default unit is `n' if omitted), otherwise
177 it is set to the default indentation value.
178 The first input line of text following this macro is interpreted as a string
179 to be printed flush-left, as it is appropriate for a label.
180 It is not interpreted as part of a paragraph, so there is no attempt to fill
181 the first line with text from the following input lines.
182 Nevertheless, if the label is not as wide as the indentation, then the
183 paragraph starts at the same line (but indented), continuing on the
185 If the label is wider than the indentation, then the descriptive part of the
186 paragraph begins on the line following the label, entirely indented.
187 Note that neither font shape nor font size of the label is set to a default
188 value; on the other hand, the rest of the text will have default font
192 macro is the macro used for the explanations you are just reading.
199 These macros are mutual aliases.
200 Any of them causes a line break at the current position, followed by a
201 vertical space downwards by the amount specified by the
204 The font size and shape are reset to the default value (10pt resp. Roman).
205 Finally, the current left margin is restored.
207 .BI ".IP [" designator "] [" nnn ]
208 Sets up an indented paragraph, using
210 as a tag to mark its beginning.
211 The indentation is set to
213 if that argument is supplied (default unit is `n'), otherwise the default
214 indentation value is used.
215 Font size and face of the paragraph (but not the designator) are reset to
217 To start an indented paragraph with a particular indentation but without a
218 designator, use `""' (two doublequotes) as the second argument.
220 For example, the following paragraphs were all set up with bullets as the
221 designator, using `.IP\ \\(bu\ 4':
225 is one of the three macros used in the
227 package to format lists.
231 This macro produces a paragraph with a left hanging indentation.
235 This macro produces an unindented label followed by an indented paragraph.
239 Sets up a paragraph with hanging left indentation.
240 The indentation is set to
242 if that argument is supplied (default unit is `n'), otherwise the default
243 indentation value is used.
244 Font size and face are reset to its default values.
245 The following paragraph illustrates the effect of this macro with hanging
246 indentation set to\ 4:
249 This is a paragraph following an invocation of the
252 As you can see, it produces a paragraph where all lines but the first are
257 This macro moves the left margin to the right by the value
259 if specified (default unit is `n'); otherwise the default indentation value
266 This macro moves the left margin back to level
268 if no argument is given, it moves one level back.
269 The first level (i.e., no call to
271 yet) has number\ 1, and each call to
273 increases the level by\ 1.
275 To summarize, the following macros cause a line break with the insertion of
276 vertical space (which amount can be changed with the
292 also cause a break but no insertion of vertical space.
294 .SH "MACROS TO SET FONTS"
296 The standard font is Roman; the default text size is 10\ point.
299 Causes the text on the same line or the text on the next input line to
300 appear in a font that is one point size smaller than the default font.
303 Causes the text on the same line or the text on the next input line to
304 appear in boldface font, one point size smaller than the default font.
307 Causes text on the same line to appear alternately in bold face and italic.
308 The text must be on the same line as the macro call.
312 \&.BI this "word and" that
314 would cause `this' and `that' to appear in bold face, while `word and'
319 Causes text to appear alternately in italic and bold face.
320 The text must be on the same line as the macro call.
323 Causes text on the same line to appear alternately in roman and italic.
324 The text must be on the same line as the macro call.
327 Causes text on the same line to appear alternately in italic and roman.
328 The text must be on the same line as the macro call.
331 Causes text on the same line to appear alternately in bold face and roman.
332 The text must be on the same line as the macro call.
335 Causes text on the same line to appear alternately in roman and bold face.
336 The text must be on the same line as the macro call.
341 to appear in bold face.
342 If no text is present on the line where the macro is called, then the text
343 of the next input line appears in bold face.
349 If no text is present on the line where the macro is called, then the text
350 of the next input line appears in italic.
354 The default indentation is 7.2n for all output devices except for
356 which ignores indentation.
359 Sets tabs every 0.5 inches.
360 Since this macro is always called during a
362 request, it makes sense to call it only if the tab positions have been
366 Adjusts the empty space before a new paragraph (resp. section).
367 The optional argument gives the amount of space (default units are `v');
368 without parameter, the value is reset to its default value (1\ line for tty
369 devices, 0.4v\ otherwise).
370 This affects the macros
383 The following strings are defined:
386 Switch back to the default font size.
389 The `registered' sign.
392 The `trademark' sign.
397 Left and right quote.
398 This is equal to `\e(lq' and `\e(rq', respectively.
400 If a preprocessor like
404 is needed, it has become usage to make the first line of the man page look
411 Note the single space character after the double quote.
413 consists of letters for the needed preprocessors: `e' for
419 Modern implementations of the
421 program read this first line and automatically call the right
429 These are wrapper files to call
433 This file checks whether the
437 package should be used.
442 macros are contained in this file.
445 Local changes and customizations should be put into this file.
451 macros consist of groups of
453 requests, one can, in principle, supplement the functionality of the
455 macros with individual
457 requests where necessary.
458 A complete list of these requests is available on the WWW at
461 http://www.cs.pdx.edu/~trent/gnu/groff/groff_toc.html
463 .BR @g@tbl (@MAN1EXT@),
464 .BR @g@eqn (@MAN1EXT@),
465 .BR @g@refer (@MAN1EXT@),
470 This manual page was originally written for the Debian GNU/Linux system by
471 Susan G. Kleinmann <sgk@debian.org>, corrected and updated by Werner Lemberg
472 <wl@gnu.org>, and is now part of the GNU troff distribution.