2 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986, 1988, 1990, 1993
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6 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
8 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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14 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
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19 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
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22 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
23 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
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25 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
26 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
29 * @(#)tcp_output.c 8.3 (Berkeley) 12/30/93
30 * tcp_output.c,v 1.3 1994/09/15 10:36:55 davidg Exp
34 * Changes and additions relating to SLiRP
35 * Copyright (c) 1995 Danny Gasparovski.
37 * Please read the file COPYRIGHT for the
38 * terms and conditions of the copyright.
44 * Since this is only used in "stats socket", we give meaning
45 * names instead of the REAL names
47 const char * const tcpstates
[] = {
48 /* "CLOSED", "LISTEN", "SYN_SENT", "SYN_RCVD", */
49 "REDIRECT", "LISTEN", "SYN_SENT", "SYN_RCVD",
50 "ESTABLISHED", "CLOSE_WAIT", "FIN_WAIT_1", "CLOSING",
51 "LAST_ACK", "FIN_WAIT_2", "TIME_WAIT",
54 static const u_char tcp_outflags
[TCP_NSTATES
] = {
55 TH_RST
|TH_ACK
, 0, TH_SYN
, TH_SYN
|TH_ACK
,
56 TH_ACK
, TH_ACK
, TH_FIN
|TH_ACK
, TH_FIN
|TH_ACK
,
57 TH_FIN
|TH_ACK
, TH_ACK
, TH_ACK
,
61 #define MAX_TCPOPTLEN 32 /* max # bytes that go in options */
64 * Tcp output routine: figure out what should be sent and send it.
67 tcp_output(struct tcpcb
*tp
)
69 register struct socket
*so
= tp
->t_socket
;
70 register long len
, win
;
71 int off
, flags
, error
;
72 register struct mbuf
*m
;
73 register struct tcpiphdr
*ti
;
74 u_char opt
[MAX_TCPOPTLEN
];
75 unsigned optlen
, hdrlen
;
78 DEBUG_CALL("tcp_output");
79 DEBUG_ARG("tp = %lx", (long )tp
);
82 * Determine length of data that should be transmitted,
83 * and flags that will be used.
84 * If there is some data or critical controls (SYN, RST)
85 * to send, then transmit; otherwise, investigate further.
87 idle
= (tp
->snd_max
== tp
->snd_una
);
88 if (idle
&& tp
->t_idle
>= tp
->t_rxtcur
)
90 * We have been idle for "a while" and no acks are
91 * expected to clock out any data we send --
92 * slow start to get ack "clock" running again.
94 tp
->snd_cwnd
= tp
->t_maxseg
;
97 off
= tp
->snd_nxt
- tp
->snd_una
;
98 win
= min(tp
->snd_wnd
, tp
->snd_cwnd
);
100 flags
= tcp_outflags
[tp
->t_state
];
102 DEBUG_MISC((dfd
, " --- tcp_output flags = 0x%x\n",flags
));
105 * If in persist timeout with window of 0, send 1 byte.
106 * Otherwise, if window is small but nonzero
107 * and timer expired, we will send what we can
108 * and go to transmit state.
113 * If we still have some data to send, then
114 * clear the FIN bit. Usually this would
115 * happen below when it realizes that we
116 * aren't sending all the data. However,
117 * if we have exactly 1 byte of unset data,
118 * then it won't clear the FIN bit below,
119 * and if we are in persist state, we wind
120 * up sending the packet without recording
121 * that we sent the FIN bit.
123 * We can't just blindly clear the FIN bit,
124 * because if we don't have any more data
125 * to send then the probe will be the FIN
128 if (off
< so
->so_snd
.sb_cc
)
132 tp
->t_timer
[TCPT_PERSIST
] = 0;
137 len
= min(so
->so_snd
.sb_cc
, win
) - off
;
141 * If FIN has been sent but not acked,
142 * but we haven't been called to retransmit,
143 * len will be -1. Otherwise, window shrank
144 * after we sent into it. If window shrank to 0,
145 * cancel pending retransmit and pull snd_nxt
146 * back to (closed) window. We will enter persist
147 * state below. If the window didn't close completely,
148 * just wait for an ACK.
152 tp
->t_timer
[TCPT_REXMT
] = 0;
153 tp
->snd_nxt
= tp
->snd_una
;
157 if (len
> tp
->t_maxseg
) {
161 if (SEQ_LT(tp
->snd_nxt
+ len
, tp
->snd_una
+ so
->so_snd
.sb_cc
))
164 win
= sbspace(&so
->so_rcv
);
167 * Sender silly window avoidance. If connection is idle
168 * and can send all data, a maximum segment,
169 * at least a maximum default-size segment do it,
170 * or are forced, do it; otherwise don't bother.
171 * If peer's buffer is tiny, then send
172 * when window is at least half open.
173 * If retransmitting (possibly after persist timer forced us
174 * to send into a small window), then must resend.
177 if (len
== tp
->t_maxseg
)
179 if ((1 || idle
|| tp
->t_flags
& TF_NODELAY
) &&
180 len
+ off
>= so
->so_snd
.sb_cc
)
184 if (len
>= tp
->max_sndwnd
/ 2 && tp
->max_sndwnd
> 0)
186 if (SEQ_LT(tp
->snd_nxt
, tp
->snd_max
))
191 * Compare available window to amount of window
192 * known to peer (as advertised window less
193 * next expected input). If the difference is at least two
194 * max size segments, or at least 50% of the maximum possible
195 * window, then want to send a window update to peer.
199 * "adv" is the amount we can increase the window,
200 * taking into account that we are limited by
201 * TCP_MAXWIN << tp->rcv_scale.
203 long adv
= min(win
, (long)TCP_MAXWIN
<< tp
->rcv_scale
) -
204 (tp
->rcv_adv
- tp
->rcv_nxt
);
206 if (adv
>= (long) (2 * tp
->t_maxseg
))
208 if (2 * adv
>= (long) so
->so_rcv
.sb_datalen
)
213 * Send if we owe peer an ACK.
215 if (tp
->t_flags
& TF_ACKNOW
)
217 if (flags
& (TH_SYN
|TH_RST
))
219 if (SEQ_GT(tp
->snd_up
, tp
->snd_una
))
222 * If our state indicates that FIN should be sent
223 * and we have not yet done so, or we're retransmitting the FIN,
224 * then we need to send.
226 if (flags
& TH_FIN
&&
227 ((tp
->t_flags
& TF_SENTFIN
) == 0 || tp
->snd_nxt
== tp
->snd_una
))
231 * TCP window updates are not reliable, rather a polling protocol
232 * using ``persist'' packets is used to insure receipt of window
233 * updates. The three ``states'' for the output side are:
234 * idle not doing retransmits or persists
235 * persisting to move a small or zero window
236 * (re)transmitting and thereby not persisting
238 * tp->t_timer[TCPT_PERSIST]
239 * is set when we are in persist state.
241 * is set when we are called to send a persist packet.
242 * tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT]
243 * is set when we are retransmitting
244 * The output side is idle when both timers are zero.
246 * If send window is too small, there is data to transmit, and no
247 * retransmit or persist is pending, then go to persist state.
248 * If nothing happens soon, send when timer expires:
249 * if window is nonzero, transmit what we can,
250 * otherwise force out a byte.
252 if (so
->so_snd
.sb_cc
&& tp
->t_timer
[TCPT_REXMT
] == 0 &&
253 tp
->t_timer
[TCPT_PERSIST
] == 0) {
259 * No reason to send a segment, just return.
261 STAT(tcpstat
.tcps_didnuttin
++);
267 * Before ESTABLISHED, force sending of initial options
268 * unless TCP set not to do any options.
269 * NOTE: we assume that the IP/TCP header plus TCP options
270 * always fit in a single mbuf, leaving room for a maximum
272 * max_linkhdr + sizeof (struct tcpiphdr) + optlen <= MHLEN
275 hdrlen
= sizeof (struct tcpiphdr
);
276 if (flags
& TH_SYN
) {
277 tp
->snd_nxt
= tp
->iss
;
278 if ((tp
->t_flags
& TF_NOOPT
) == 0) {
281 opt
[0] = TCPOPT_MAXSEG
;
283 mss
= htons((u_int16_t
) tcp_mss(tp
, 0));
284 memcpy((caddr_t
)(opt
+ 2), (caddr_t
)&mss
, sizeof(mss
));
287 /* if ((tp->t_flags & TF_REQ_SCALE) &&
288 * ((flags & TH_ACK) == 0 ||
289 * (tp->t_flags & TF_RCVD_SCALE))) {
290 * *((u_int32_t *) (opt + optlen)) = htonl(
292 * TCPOPT_WINDOW << 16 |
293 * TCPOLEN_WINDOW << 8 |
294 * tp->request_r_scale);
302 * Send a timestamp and echo-reply if this is a SYN and our side
303 * wants to use timestamps (TF_REQ_TSTMP is set) or both our side
304 * and our peer have sent timestamps in our SYN's.
306 /* if ((tp->t_flags & (TF_REQ_TSTMP|TF_NOOPT)) == TF_REQ_TSTMP &&
307 * (flags & TH_RST) == 0 &&
308 * ((flags & (TH_SYN|TH_ACK)) == TH_SYN ||
309 * (tp->t_flags & TF_RCVD_TSTMP))) {
310 * u_int32_t *lp = (u_int32_t *)(opt + optlen);
312 * / * Form timestamp option as shown in appendix A of RFC 1323. * /
313 * *lp++ = htonl(TCPOPT_TSTAMP_HDR);
314 * *lp++ = htonl(tcp_now);
315 * *lp = htonl(tp->ts_recent);
316 * optlen += TCPOLEN_TSTAMP_APPA;
322 * Adjust data length if insertion of options will
323 * bump the packet length beyond the t_maxseg length.
325 if (len
> tp
->t_maxseg
- optlen
) {
326 len
= tp
->t_maxseg
- optlen
;
331 * Grab a header mbuf, attaching a copy of data to
332 * be transmitted, and initialize the header from
333 * the template for sends on this connection.
336 if (tp
->t_force
&& len
== 1)
337 STAT(tcpstat
.tcps_sndprobe
++);
338 else if (SEQ_LT(tp
->snd_nxt
, tp
->snd_max
)) {
339 STAT(tcpstat
.tcps_sndrexmitpack
++);
340 STAT(tcpstat
.tcps_sndrexmitbyte
+= len
);
342 STAT(tcpstat
.tcps_sndpack
++);
343 STAT(tcpstat
.tcps_sndbyte
+= len
);
348 /* error = ENOBUFS; */
352 m
->m_data
+= IF_MAXLINKHDR
;
356 * This will always succeed, since we make sure our mbufs
357 * are big enough to hold one MSS packet + header + ... etc.
359 /* if (len <= MHLEN - hdrlen - max_linkhdr) { */
361 sbcopy(&so
->so_snd
, off
, (int) len
, mtod(m
, caddr_t
) + hdrlen
);
365 * m->m_next = m_copy(so->so_snd.sb_mb, off, (int) len);
366 * if (m->m_next == 0)
371 * If we're sending everything we've got, set PUSH.
372 * (This will keep happy those implementations which only
373 * give data to the user when a buffer fills or
376 if (off
+ len
== so
->so_snd
.sb_cc
)
379 if (tp
->t_flags
& TF_ACKNOW
)
380 STAT(tcpstat
.tcps_sndacks
++);
381 else if (flags
& (TH_SYN
|TH_FIN
|TH_RST
))
382 STAT(tcpstat
.tcps_sndctrl
++);
383 else if (SEQ_GT(tp
->snd_up
, tp
->snd_una
))
384 STAT(tcpstat
.tcps_sndurg
++);
386 STAT(tcpstat
.tcps_sndwinup
++);
390 /* error = ENOBUFS; */
394 m
->m_data
+= IF_MAXLINKHDR
;
398 ti
= mtod(m
, struct tcpiphdr
*);
400 memcpy((caddr_t
)ti
, &tp
->t_template
, sizeof (struct tcpiphdr
));
403 * Fill in fields, remembering maximum advertised
404 * window for use in delaying messages about window sizes.
405 * If resending a FIN, be sure not to use a new sequence number.
407 if (flags
& TH_FIN
&& tp
->t_flags
& TF_SENTFIN
&&
408 tp
->snd_nxt
== tp
->snd_max
)
411 * If we are doing retransmissions, then snd_nxt will
412 * not reflect the first unsent octet. For ACK only
413 * packets, we do not want the sequence number of the
414 * retransmitted packet, we want the sequence number
415 * of the next unsent octet. So, if there is no data
416 * (and no SYN or FIN), use snd_max instead of snd_nxt
417 * when filling in ti_seq. But if we are in persist
418 * state, snd_max might reflect one byte beyond the
419 * right edge of the window, so use snd_nxt in that
420 * case, since we know we aren't doing a retransmission.
421 * (retransmit and persist are mutually exclusive...)
423 if (len
|| (flags
& (TH_SYN
|TH_FIN
)) || tp
->t_timer
[TCPT_PERSIST
])
424 ti
->ti_seq
= htonl(tp
->snd_nxt
);
426 ti
->ti_seq
= htonl(tp
->snd_max
);
427 ti
->ti_ack
= htonl(tp
->rcv_nxt
);
429 memcpy((caddr_t
)(ti
+ 1), (caddr_t
)opt
, optlen
);
430 ti
->ti_off
= (sizeof (struct tcphdr
) + optlen
) >> 2;
432 ti
->ti_flags
= flags
;
434 * Calculate receive window. Don't shrink window,
435 * but avoid silly window syndrome.
437 if (win
< (long)(so
->so_rcv
.sb_datalen
/ 4) && win
< (long)tp
->t_maxseg
)
439 if (win
> (long)TCP_MAXWIN
<< tp
->rcv_scale
)
440 win
= (long)TCP_MAXWIN
<< tp
->rcv_scale
;
441 if (win
< (long)(tp
->rcv_adv
- tp
->rcv_nxt
))
442 win
= (long)(tp
->rcv_adv
- tp
->rcv_nxt
);
443 ti
->ti_win
= htons((u_int16_t
) (win
>>tp
->rcv_scale
));
445 if (SEQ_GT(tp
->snd_up
, tp
->snd_una
)) {
446 ti
->ti_urp
= htons((u_int16_t
)(tp
->snd_up
- ntohl(ti
->ti_seq
)));
448 if (SEQ_GT(tp
->snd_up
, tp
->snd_nxt
)) {
449 ti
->ti_urp
= htons((u_int16_t
)(tp
->snd_up
- tp
->snd_nxt
));
451 ti
->ti_flags
|= TH_URG
;
454 * If no urgent pointer to send, then we pull
455 * the urgent pointer to the left edge of the send window
456 * so that it doesn't drift into the send window on sequence
459 tp
->snd_up
= tp
->snd_una
; /* drag it along */
462 * Put TCP length in extended header, and then
463 * checksum extended header and data.
466 ti
->ti_len
= htons((u_int16_t
)(sizeof (struct tcphdr
) +
468 ti
->ti_sum
= cksum(m
, (int)(hdrlen
+ len
));
471 * In transmit state, time the transmission and arrange for
472 * the retransmit. In persist state, just set snd_max.
474 if (tp
->t_force
== 0 || tp
->t_timer
[TCPT_PERSIST
] == 0) {
475 tcp_seq startseq
= tp
->snd_nxt
;
478 * Advance snd_nxt over sequence space of this segment.
480 if (flags
& (TH_SYN
|TH_FIN
)) {
483 if (flags
& TH_FIN
) {
485 tp
->t_flags
|= TF_SENTFIN
;
489 if (SEQ_GT(tp
->snd_nxt
, tp
->snd_max
)) {
490 tp
->snd_max
= tp
->snd_nxt
;
492 * Time this transmission if not a retransmission and
493 * not currently timing anything.
495 if (tp
->t_rtt
== 0) {
497 tp
->t_rtseq
= startseq
;
498 STAT(tcpstat
.tcps_segstimed
++);
503 * Set retransmit timer if not currently set,
504 * and not doing an ack or a keep-alive probe.
505 * Initial value for retransmit timer is smoothed
506 * round-trip time + 2 * round-trip time variance.
507 * Initialize shift counter which is used for backoff
508 * of retransmit time.
510 if (tp
->t_timer
[TCPT_REXMT
] == 0 &&
511 tp
->snd_nxt
!= tp
->snd_una
) {
512 tp
->t_timer
[TCPT_REXMT
] = tp
->t_rxtcur
;
513 if (tp
->t_timer
[TCPT_PERSIST
]) {
514 tp
->t_timer
[TCPT_PERSIST
] = 0;
519 if (SEQ_GT(tp
->snd_nxt
+ len
, tp
->snd_max
))
520 tp
->snd_max
= tp
->snd_nxt
+ len
;
523 * Fill in IP length and desired time to live and
524 * send to IP level. There should be a better way
525 * to handle ttl and tos; we could keep them in
526 * the template, but need a way to checksum without them.
528 m
->m_len
= hdrlen
+ len
; /* XXX Needed? m_len should be correct */
532 ((struct ip
*)ti
)->ip_len
= m
->m_len
;
534 ((struct ip
*)ti
)->ip_ttl
= IPDEFTTL
;
535 ((struct ip
*)ti
)->ip_tos
= so
->so_iptos
;
538 /* Don't do IP options... */
539 /* error = ip_output(m, tp->t_inpcb->inp_options, &tp->t_inpcb->inp_route,
540 * so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE, 0);
542 error
= ip_output(so
, m
);
545 * error = ip_output(m, (struct mbuf *)0, &tp->t_inpcb->inp_route,
546 * so->so_options & SO_DONTROUTE);
552 /* if (error == ENOBUFS) {
553 * tcp_quench(tp->t_inpcb, 0);
557 /* if ((error == EHOSTUNREACH || error == ENETDOWN)
558 * && TCPS_HAVERCVDSYN(tp->t_state)) {
559 * tp->t_softerror = error;
565 STAT(tcpstat
.tcps_sndtotal
++);
568 * Data sent (as far as we can tell).
569 * If this advertises a larger window than any other segment,
570 * then remember the size of the advertised window.
571 * Any pending ACK has now been sent.
573 if (win
> 0 && SEQ_GT(tp
->rcv_nxt
+win
, tp
->rcv_adv
))
574 tp
->rcv_adv
= tp
->rcv_nxt
+ win
;
575 tp
->last_ack_sent
= tp
->rcv_nxt
;
576 tp
->t_flags
&= ~(TF_ACKNOW
|TF_DELACK
);
584 tcp_setpersist(struct tcpcb
*tp
)
586 int t
= ((tp
->t_srtt
>> 2) + tp
->t_rttvar
) >> 1;
588 /* if (tp->t_timer[TCPT_REXMT])
589 * panic("tcp_output REXMT");
592 * Start/restart persistence timer.
594 TCPT_RANGESET(tp
->t_timer
[TCPT_PERSIST
],
595 t
* tcp_backoff
[tp
->t_rxtshift
],
596 TCPTV_PERSMIN
, TCPTV_PERSMAX
);
597 if (tp
->t_rxtshift
< TCP_MAXRXTSHIFT
)