loader.c

   1 /*
   2  * QEMU Executable loader
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 2006 Fabrice Bellard
   5  *
   6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
   7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
   8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
   9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
  10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
  12  *
  13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
  14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  15  *
  16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
  19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
  21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  22  * THE SOFTWARE.
  23  */
  24 #include "qemu-common.h"
  25 #include "disas.h"
  26 #include "sysemu.h"
  27 #include "uboot_image.h"
  28
  29 #include <zlib.h>
  30
  31 /* return the size or -1 if error */
  32 int get_image_size(const char *filename)
  33 {
  34     int fd, size;
  35     fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
  36     if (fd < 0)
  37         return -1;
  38     size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
  39     close(fd);
  40     return size;
  41 }
  42
  43 /* return the size or -1 if error */
  44 /* deprecated, because caller does not specify buffer size! */
  45 int load_image(const char *filename, uint8_t *addr)
  46 {
  47     int fd, size;
  48     fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
  49     if (fd < 0)
  50         return -1;
  51     size = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
  52     lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
  53     if (read(fd, addr, size) != size) {
  54         close(fd);
  55         return -1;
  56     }
  57     close(fd);
  58     return size;
  59 }
  60
  61 /* return the amount read, just like fread.  0 may mean error or eof */
  62 int fread_targphys(target_phys_addr_t dst_addr, size_t nbytes, FILE *f)
  63 {
  64     uint8_t buf[4096];
  65     target_phys_addr_t dst_begin = dst_addr;
  66     size_t want, did;
  67
  68     while (nbytes) {
  69         want = nbytes > sizeof(buf) ? sizeof(buf) : nbytes;
  70         did = fread(buf, 1, want, f);
  71         if (did != want) break;
  72
  73         cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(dst_addr, buf, did);
  74         dst_addr += did;
  75         nbytes -= did;
  76     }
  77     return dst_addr - dst_begin;
  78 }
  79
  80 /* returns 0 on error, 1 if ok */
  81 int fread_targphys_ok(target_phys_addr_t dst_addr, size_t nbytes, FILE *f)
  82 {
  83     return fread_targphys(dst_addr, nbytes, f) == nbytes;
  84 }
  85
  86 /* read()-like version */
  87 int read_targphys(int fd, target_phys_addr_t dst_addr, size_t nbytes)
  88 {
  89     uint8_t buf[4096];
  90     target_phys_addr_t dst_begin = dst_addr;
  91     size_t want, did;
  92
  93     while (nbytes) {
  94         want = nbytes > sizeof(buf) ? sizeof(buf) : nbytes;
  95         did = read(fd, buf, want);
  96         if (did != want) break;
  97
  98         cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(dst_addr, buf, did);
  99         dst_addr += did;
 100         nbytes -= did;
 101     }
 102     return dst_addr - dst_begin;
 103 }
 104
 105 /* return the size or -1 if error */
 106 int load_image_targphys(const char *filename,
 107                         target_phys_addr_t addr, int max_sz)
 108 {
 109     FILE *f;
 110     size_t got;
 111
 112     f = fopen(filename, "rb");
 113     if (!f) return -1;
 114
 115     got = fread_targphys(addr, max_sz, f);
 116     if (ferror(f)) { fclose(f); return -1; }
 117     fclose(f);
 118
 119     return got;
 120 }
 121
 122 void pstrcpy_targphys(target_phys_addr_t dest, int buf_size,
 123                       const char *source)
 124 {
 125     static const uint8_t nul_byte = 0;
 126     const char *nulp;
 127
 128     if (buf_size <= 0) return;
 129     nulp = memchr(source, 0, buf_size);
 130     if (nulp) {
 131         cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(dest, (uint8_t *)source,
 132                                       (nulp - source) + 1);
 133     } else {
 134         cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(dest, (uint8_t *)source, buf_size - 1);
 135         cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(dest, &nul_byte, 1);
 136     }
 137 }
 138
 139 /* A.OUT loader */
 140
 141 struct exec
 142 {
 143   uint32_t a_info;   /* Use macros N_MAGIC, etc for access */
 144   uint32_t a_text;   /* length of text, in bytes */
 145   uint32_t a_data;   /* length of data, in bytes */
 146   uint32_t a_bss;    /* length of uninitialized data area, in bytes */
 147   uint32_t a_syms;   /* length of symbol table data in file, in bytes */
 148   uint32_t a_entry;  /* start address */
 149   uint32_t a_trsize; /* length of relocation info for text, in bytes */
 150   uint32_t a_drsize; /* length of relocation info for data, in bytes */
 151 };
 152
 153 #ifdef BSWAP_NEEDED
 154 static void bswap_ahdr(struct exec *e)
 155 {
 156     bswap32s(&e->a_info);
 157     bswap32s(&e->a_text);
 158     bswap32s(&e->a_data);
 159     bswap32s(&e->a_bss);
 160     bswap32s(&e->a_syms);
 161     bswap32s(&e->a_entry);
 162     bswap32s(&e->a_trsize);
 163     bswap32s(&e->a_drsize);
 164 }
 165 #else
 166 #define bswap_ahdr(x) do { } while (0)
 167 #endif
 168
 169 #define N_MAGIC(exec) ((exec).a_info & 0xffff)
 170 #define OMAGIC 0407
 171 #define NMAGIC 0410
 172 #define ZMAGIC 0413
 173 #define QMAGIC 0314
 174 #define _N_HDROFF(x) (1024 - sizeof (struct exec))
 175 #define N_TXTOFF(x)                                                     \
 176     (N_MAGIC(x) == ZMAGIC ? _N_HDROFF((x)) + sizeof (struct exec) :     \
 177      (N_MAGIC(x) == QMAGIC ? 0 : sizeof (struct exec)))
 178 #define N_TXTADDR(x) (N_MAGIC(x) == QMAGIC ? TARGET_PAGE_SIZE : 0)
 179 #define N_DATOFF(x) (N_TXTOFF(x) + (x).a_text)
 180 #define _N_SEGMENT_ROUND(x) (((x) + TARGET_PAGE_SIZE - 1) & ~(TARGET_PAGE_SIZE - 1))
 181
 182 #define _N_TXTENDADDR(x) (N_TXTADDR(x)+(x).a_text)
 183
 184 #define N_DATADDR(x) \
 185     (N_MAGIC(x)==OMAGIC? (_N_TXTENDADDR(x)) \
 186      : (_N_SEGMENT_ROUND (_N_TXTENDADDR(x))))
 187
 188
 189 int load_aout(const char *filename, target_phys_addr_t addr, int max_sz)
 190 {
 191     int fd, size, ret;
 192     struct exec e;
 193     uint32_t magic;
 194
 195     fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
 196     if (fd < 0)
 197         return -1;
 198
 199     size = read(fd, &e, sizeof(e));
 200     if (size < 0)
 201         goto fail;
 202
 203     bswap_ahdr(&e);
 204
 205     magic = N_MAGIC(e);
 206     switch (magic) {
 207     case ZMAGIC:
 208     case QMAGIC:
 209     case OMAGIC:
 210         if (e.a_text + e.a_data > max_sz)
 211             goto fail;
 212         lseek(fd, N_TXTOFF(e), SEEK_SET);
 213         size = read_targphys(fd, addr, e.a_text + e.a_data);
 214         if (size < 0)
 215             goto fail;
 216         break;
 217     case NMAGIC:
 218         if (N_DATADDR(e) + e.a_data > max_sz)
 219             goto fail;
 220         lseek(fd, N_TXTOFF(e), SEEK_SET);
 221         size = read_targphys(fd, addr, e.a_text);
 222         if (size < 0)
 223             goto fail;
 224         ret = read_targphys(fd, addr + N_DATADDR(e), e.a_data);
 225         if (ret < 0)
 226             goto fail;
 227         size += ret;
 228         break;
 229     default:
 230         goto fail;
 231     }
 232     close(fd);
 233     return size;
 234  fail:
 235     close(fd);
 236     return -1;
 237 }
 238
 239 /* ELF loader */
 240
 241 static void *load_at(int fd, int offset, int size)
 242 {
 243     void *ptr;
 244     if (lseek(fd, offset, SEEK_SET) < 0)
 245         return NULL;
 246     ptr = qemu_malloc(size);
 247     if (!ptr)
 248         return NULL;
 249     if (read(fd, ptr, size) != size) {
 250         qemu_free(ptr);
 251         return NULL;
 252     }
 253     return ptr;
 254 }
 255
 256
 257 #define ELF_CLASS   ELFCLASS32
 258 #include "elf.h"
 259
 260 #define SZ              32
 261 #define elf_word        uint32_t
 262 #define elf_sword        int32_t
 263 #define bswapSZs        bswap32s
 264 #include "elf_ops.h"
 265
 266 #undef elfhdr
 267 #undef elf_phdr
 268 #undef elf_shdr
 269 #undef elf_sym
 270 #undef elf_note
 271 #undef elf_word
 272 #undef elf_sword
 273 #undef bswapSZs
 274 #undef SZ
 275 #define elfhdr          elf64_hdr
 276 #define elf_phdr        elf64_phdr
 277 #define elf_note        elf64_note
 278 #define elf_shdr        elf64_shdr
 279 #define elf_sym         elf64_sym
 280 #define elf_word        uint64_t
 281 #define elf_sword        int64_t
 282 #define bswapSZs        bswap64s
 283 #define SZ              64
 284 #include "elf_ops.h"
 285
 286 /* return < 0 if error, otherwise the number of bytes loaded in memory */
 287 int load_elf(const char *filename, int64_t address_offset,
 288              uint64_t *pentry, uint64_t *lowaddr, uint64_t *highaddr)
 289 {
 290     int fd, data_order, host_data_order, must_swab, ret;
 291     uint8_t e_ident[EI_NIDENT];
 292
 293     fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
 294     if (fd < 0) {
 295         perror(filename);
 296         return -1;
 297     }
 298     if (read(fd, e_ident, sizeof(e_ident)) != sizeof(e_ident))
 299         goto fail;
 300     if (e_ident[0] != ELFMAG0 ||
 301         e_ident[1] != ELFMAG1 ||
 302         e_ident[2] != ELFMAG2 ||
 303         e_ident[3] != ELFMAG3)
 304         goto fail;
 305 #ifdef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
 306     data_order = ELFDATA2MSB;
 307 #else
 308     data_order = ELFDATA2LSB;
 309 #endif
 310     must_swab = data_order != e_ident[EI_DATA];
 311
 312 #ifdef TARGET_WORDS_BIGENDIAN
 313     host_data_order = ELFDATA2MSB;
 314 #else
 315     host_data_order = ELFDATA2LSB;
 316 #endif
 317     if (host_data_order != e_ident[EI_DATA])
 318         return -1;
 319
 320     lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
 321     if (e_ident[EI_CLASS] == ELFCLASS64) {
 322         ret = load_elf64(fd, address_offset, must_swab, pentry,
 323                          lowaddr, highaddr);
 324     } else {
 325         ret = load_elf32(fd, address_offset, must_swab, pentry,
 326                          lowaddr, highaddr);
 327     }
 328
 329     close(fd);
 330     return ret;
 331
 332  fail:
 333     close(fd);
 334     return -1;
 335 }
 336
 337 static void bswap_uboot_header(uboot_image_header_t *hdr)
 338 {
 339 #ifndef WORDS_BIGENDIAN
 340     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_magic);
 341     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_hcrc);
 342     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_time);
 343     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_size);
 344     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_load);
 345     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_ep);
 346     bswap32s(&hdr->ih_dcrc);
 347 #endif
 348 }
 349
 350 /* Load a U-Boot image.  */
 351
 352 /* gunzip functionality is derived from gunzip function
 353  * in uboot source code
 354  */
 355
 356 #define ZALLOC_ALIGNMENT        16
 357
 358 static void *zalloc(void *x, unsigned items, unsigned size)
 359 {
 360         void *p;
 361
 362         size *= items;
 363         size = (size + ZALLOC_ALIGNMENT - 1) & ~(ZALLOC_ALIGNMENT - 1);
 364
 365         p = malloc (size);
 366
 367         return (p);
 368 }
 369
 370 static void zfree(void *x, void *addr, unsigned nb)
 371 {
 372         free (addr);
 373 }
 374
 375
 376 #define HEAD_CRC        2
 377 #define EXTRA_FIELD     4
 378 #define ORIG_NAME       8
 379 #define COMMENT         0x10
 380 #define RESERVED        0xe0
 381
 382 #define DEFLATED        8
 383
 384 static int gunzip(void *dst, int dstlen, unsigned char *src,
 385                 unsigned long *lenp)
 386 {
 387         z_stream s;
 388         int r, i, flags;
 389
 390         /* skip header */
 391         i = 10;
 392         flags = src[3];
 393         if (src[2] != DEFLATED || (flags & RESERVED) != 0) {
 394                 puts ("Error: Bad gzipped data\n");
 395                 return -1;
 396         }
 397         if ((flags & EXTRA_FIELD) != 0)
 398                 i = 12 + src[10] + (src[11] << 8);
 399         if ((flags & ORIG_NAME) != 0)
 400                 while (src[i++] != 0)
 401                         ;
 402         if ((flags & COMMENT) != 0)
 403                 while (src[i++] != 0)
 404                         ;
 405         if ((flags & HEAD_CRC) != 0)
 406                 i += 2;
 407         if (i >= *lenp) {
 408                 puts ("Error: gunzip out of data in header\n");
 409                 return -1;
 410         }
 411
 412         s.zalloc = zalloc;
 413         s.zfree = (free_func)zfree;
 414
 415         r = inflateInit2(&s, -MAX_WBITS);
 416         if (r != Z_OK) {
 417                 printf ("Error: inflateInit2() returned %d\n", r);
 418                 return (-1);
 419         }
 420         s.next_in = src + i;
 421         s.avail_in = *lenp - i;
 422         s.next_out = dst;
 423         s.avail_out = dstlen;
 424         r = inflate(&s, Z_FINISH);
 425         if (r != Z_OK && r != Z_STREAM_END) {
 426                 printf ("Error: inflate() returned %d\n", r);
 427                 return -1;
 428         }
 429         *lenp = s.next_out - (unsigned char *) dst;
 430         inflateEnd(&s);
 431
 432         return 0;
 433 }
 434
 435
 436 #define MAX_KERNEL_SIZE 8<<20  //8MB
 437 /* This functions can load uImage & cuImage files */
 438 int load_uimage(const char *filename, target_ulong *ep,
 439                 target_ulong *load_address,
 440                 target_ulong *loaded_image_size,
 441                 int *is_linux)
 442 {
 443     int fd;
 444     int size;
 445     int ret;
 446     uboot_image_header_t h;
 447     uboot_image_header_t *hdr = &h;
 448     uint8_t *data = NULL;
 449     uint8_t *uncompressed_data = NULL;
 450     unsigned long tmp_loaded_image_size;
 451
 452     fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY | O_BINARY);
 453     if (fd < 0)
 454         return -1;
 455
 456     size = read(fd, hdr, sizeof(uboot_image_header_t));
 457     if (size < 0)
 458         goto fail;
 459
 460     bswap_uboot_header(hdr);
 461
 462     if (hdr->ih_magic != IH_MAGIC)
 463         goto fail;
 464
 465     /* TODO: Implement Multi-File images.  */
 466     if (hdr->ih_type == IH_TYPE_MULTI) {
 467         fprintf(stderr, "Unable to load multi-file u-boot images\n");
 468         goto fail;
 469     }
 470
 471     /* TODO bzip2 support */
 472     if (hdr->ih_comp == IH_COMP_BZIP2) {
 473         fprintf(stderr, "Unable to load bzip2 compressed u-boot images\n");
 474         goto fail;
 475     }
 476
 477     /* TODO: Check CPU type.  */
 478
 479     if (is_linux) {
 480         if (hdr->ih_type == IH_TYPE_KERNEL && hdr->ih_os == IH_OS_LINUX)
 481             *is_linux = 1;
 482         else
 483             *is_linux = 0;
 484     }
 485
 486     *ep = hdr->ih_ep;
 487
 488     data = qemu_malloc(hdr->ih_size);
 489     if (!data)
 490         goto fail;
 491
 492     if (read(fd, data, hdr->ih_size) != hdr->ih_size) {
 493         fprintf(stderr, "Error reading file\n");
 494         goto fail;
 495     }
 496
 497     tmp_loaded_image_size = hdr->ih_size;
 498
 499     if (hdr->ih_comp == IH_COMP_GZIP) {
 500         uncompressed_data = qemu_malloc(MAX_KERNEL_SIZE);
 501         ret = gunzip(uncompressed_data, MAX_KERNEL_SIZE,
 502                     (unsigned char *) data,
 503                     &tmp_loaded_image_size);
 504
 505         if (ret < 0) {
 506             fprintf(stderr, "Unable to decompress gziped image!\n");
 507             goto fail;
 508         }
 509
 510         qemu_free(data);
 511         cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(hdr->ih_load, uncompressed_data,
 512                                     tmp_loaded_image_size);
 513     } else {
 514         cpu_physical_memory_write_rom(hdr->ih_load, data,
 515                                     tmp_loaded_image_size);
 516     }
 517
 518     if (loaded_image_size != NULL)
 519         *loaded_image_size = tmp_loaded_image_size;
 520
 521     if (load_address != NULL)
 522         *load_address = hdr->ih_load;
 523
 524     return 0;
 525
 526 fail:
 527     if (data)
 528         qemu_free(data);
 529     close(fd);
 530     return -1;
 531 }
 532
 533 /* XXX this function is to keep compatibility with other
 534  * qemu callers. Once those callers are modified. This function
 535  * should be removed from here & sysemu.h
 536  */
 537 int load_uboot(const char *filename, target_ulong *ep, int *is_linux)
 538 {
 539     int ret;
 540     target_ulong size;
 541
 542     ret = load_uimage(filename, ep, NULL, &size, is_linux);
 543
 544     if (ret < 0)
 545         return ret;
 546     else
 547         return (int)size;
 548 }