libgo/go/reflect/all_test.go

   1 // Copyright 2009 The Go Authors. All rights reserved.
   2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style
   3 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
   4
   5 package reflect_test
   6
   7 import (
   8         "bytes"
   9         "encoding/base64"
  10         "flag"
  11         "fmt"
  12         "io"
  13         "math/rand"
  14         "os"
  15         . "reflect"
  16         "runtime"
  17         "sort"
  18         "sync"
  19         "testing"
  20         "time"
  21         "unsafe"
  22 )
  23
  24 func TestBool(t *testing.T) {
  25         v := ValueOf(true)
  26         if v.Bool() != true {
  27                 t.Fatal("ValueOf(true).Bool() = false")
  28         }
  29 }
  30
  31 type integer int
  32 type T struct {
  33         a int
  34         b float64
  35         c string
  36         d *int
  37 }
  38
  39 type pair struct {
  40         i interface{}
  41         s string
  42 }
  43
  44 func isDigit(c uint8) bool { return '0' <= c && c <= '9' }
  45
  46 func assert(t *testing.T, s, want string) {
  47         if s != want {
  48                 t.Errorf("have %#q want %#q", s, want)
  49         }
  50 }
  51
  52 func typestring(i interface{}) string { return TypeOf(i).String() }
  53
  54 var typeTests = []pair{
  55         {struct{ x int }{}, "int"},
  56         {struct{ x int8 }{}, "int8"},
  57         {struct{ x int16 }{}, "int16"},
  58         {struct{ x int32 }{}, "int32"},
  59         {struct{ x int64 }{}, "int64"},
  60         {struct{ x uint }{}, "uint"},
  61         {struct{ x uint8 }{}, "uint8"},
  62         {struct{ x uint16 }{}, "uint16"},
  63         {struct{ x uint32 }{}, "uint32"},
  64         {struct{ x uint64 }{}, "uint64"},
  65         {struct{ x float32 }{}, "float32"},
  66         {struct{ x float64 }{}, "float64"},
  67         {struct{ x int8 }{}, "int8"},
  68         {struct{ x (**int8) }{}, "**int8"},
  69         {struct{ x (**integer) }{}, "**reflect_test.integer"},
  70         {struct{ x ([32]int32) }{}, "[32]int32"},
  71         {struct{ x ([]int8) }{}, "[]int8"},
  72         {struct{ x (map[string]int32) }{}, "map[string]int32"},
  73         {struct{ x (chan<- string) }{}, "chan<- string"},
  74         {struct {
  75                 x struct {
  76                         c chan *int32
  77                         d float32
  78                 }
  79         }{},
  80                 "struct { c chan *int32; d float32 }",
  81         },
  82         {struct{ x (func(a int8, b int32)) }{}, "func(int8, int32)"},
  83         {struct {
  84                 x struct {
  85                         c func(chan *integer, *int8)
  86                 }
  87         }{},
  88                 "struct { c func(chan *reflect_test.integer, *int8) }",
  89         },
  90         {struct {
  91                 x struct {
  92                         a int8
  93                         b int32
  94                 }
  95         }{},
  96                 "struct { a int8; b int32 }",
  97         },
  98         {struct {
  99                 x struct {
 100                         a int8
 101                         b int8
 102                         c int32
 103                 }
 104         }{},
 105                 "struct { a int8; b int8; c int32 }",
 106         },
 107         {struct {
 108                 x struct {
 109                         a int8
 110                         b int8
 111                         c int8
 112                         d int32
 113                 }
 114         }{},
 115                 "struct { a int8; b int8; c int8; d int32 }",
 116         },
 117         {struct {
 118                 x struct {
 119                         a int8
 120                         b int8
 121                         c int8
 122                         d int8
 123                         e int32
 124                 }
 125         }{},
 126                 "struct { a int8; b int8; c int8; d int8; e int32 }",
 127         },
 128         {struct {
 129                 x struct {
 130                         a int8
 131                         b int8
 132                         c int8
 133                         d int8
 134                         e int8
 135                         f int32
 136                 }
 137         }{},
 138                 "struct { a int8; b int8; c int8; d int8; e int8; f int32 }",
 139         },
 140         {struct {
 141                 x struct {
 142                         a int8 `reflect:"hi there"`
 143                 }
 144         }{},
 145                 `struct { a int8 "reflect:\"hi there\"" }`,
 146         },
 147         {struct {
 148                 x struct {
 149                         a int8 `reflect:"hi \x00there\t\n\"\\"`
 150                 }
 151         }{},
 152                 `struct { a int8 "reflect:\"hi \\x00there\\t\\n\\\"\\\\\"" }`,
 153         },
 154         {struct {
 155                 x struct {
 156                         f func(args ...int)
 157                 }
 158         }{},
 159                 "struct { f func(...int) }",
 160         },
 161         {struct {
 162                 x (interface {
 163                         a(func(func(int) int) func(func(int)) int)
 164                         b()
 165                 })
 166         }{},
 167                 "interface { reflect_test.a(func(func(int) int) func(func(int)) int); reflect_test.b() }",
 168         },
 169 }
 170
 171 var valueTests = []pair{
 172         {new(int), "132"},
 173         {new(int8), "8"},
 174         {new(int16), "16"},
 175         {new(int32), "32"},
 176         {new(int64), "64"},
 177         {new(uint), "132"},
 178         {new(uint8), "8"},
 179         {new(uint16), "16"},
 180         {new(uint32), "32"},
 181         {new(uint64), "64"},
 182         {new(float32), "256.25"},
 183         {new(float64), "512.125"},
 184         {new(complex64), "532.125+10i"},
 185         {new(complex128), "564.25+1i"},
 186         {new(string), "stringy cheese"},
 187         {new(bool), "true"},
 188         {new(*int8), "*int8(0)"},
 189         {new(**int8), "**int8(0)"},
 190         {new([5]int32), "[5]int32{0, 0, 0, 0, 0}"},
 191         {new(**integer), "**reflect_test.integer(0)"},
 192         {new(map[string]int32), "map[string]int32{<can't iterate on maps>}"},
 193         {new(chan<- string), "chan<- string"},
 194         {new(func(a int8, b int32)), "func(int8, int32)(0)"},
 195         {new(struct {
 196                 c chan *int32
 197                 d float32
 198         }),
 199                 "struct { c chan *int32; d float32 }{chan *int32, 0}",
 200         },
 201         {new(struct{ c func(chan *integer, *int8) }),
 202                 "struct { c func(chan *reflect_test.integer, *int8) }{func(chan *reflect_test.integer, *int8)(0)}",
 203         },
 204         {new(struct {
 205                 a int8
 206                 b int32
 207         }),
 208                 "struct { a int8; b int32 }{0, 0}",
 209         },
 210         {new(struct {
 211                 a int8
 212                 b int8
 213                 c int32
 214         }),
 215                 "struct { a int8; b int8; c int32 }{0, 0, 0}",
 216         },
 217 }
 218
 219 func testType(t *testing.T, i int, typ Type, want string) {
 220         s := typ.String()
 221         if s != want {
 222                 t.Errorf("#%d: have %#q, want %#q", i, s, want)
 223         }
 224 }
 225
 226 func TestTypes(t *testing.T) {
 227         for i, tt := range typeTests {
 228                 testType(t, i, ValueOf(tt.i).Field(0).Type(), tt.s)
 229         }
 230 }
 231
 232 func TestSet(t *testing.T) {
 233         for i, tt := range valueTests {
 234                 v := ValueOf(tt.i)
 235                 v = v.Elem()
 236                 switch v.Kind() {
 237                 case Int:
 238                         v.SetInt(132)
 239                 case Int8:
 240                         v.SetInt(8)
 241                 case Int16:
 242                         v.SetInt(16)
 243                 case Int32:
 244                         v.SetInt(32)
 245                 case Int64:
 246                         v.SetInt(64)
 247                 case Uint:
 248                         v.SetUint(132)
 249                 case Uint8:
 250                         v.SetUint(8)
 251                 case Uint16:
 252                         v.SetUint(16)
 253                 case Uint32:
 254                         v.SetUint(32)
 255                 case Uint64:
 256                         v.SetUint(64)
 257                 case Float32:
 258                         v.SetFloat(256.25)
 259                 case Float64:
 260                         v.SetFloat(512.125)
 261                 case Complex64:
 262                         v.SetComplex(532.125 + 10i)
 263                 case Complex128:
 264                         v.SetComplex(564.25 + 1i)
 265                 case String:
 266                         v.SetString("stringy cheese")
 267                 case Bool:
 268                         v.SetBool(true)
 269                 }
 270                 s := valueToString(v)
 271                 if s != tt.s {
 272                         t.Errorf("#%d: have %#q, want %#q", i, s, tt.s)
 273                 }
 274         }
 275 }
 276
 277 func TestSetValue(t *testing.T) {
 278         for i, tt := range valueTests {
 279                 v := ValueOf(tt.i).Elem()
 280                 switch v.Kind() {
 281                 case Int:
 282                         v.Set(ValueOf(int(132)))
 283                 case Int8:
 284                         v.Set(ValueOf(int8(8)))
 285                 case Int16:
 286                         v.Set(ValueOf(int16(16)))
 287                 case Int32:
 288                         v.Set(ValueOf(int32(32)))
 289                 case Int64:
 290                         v.Set(ValueOf(int64(64)))
 291                 case Uint:
 292                         v.Set(ValueOf(uint(132)))
 293                 case Uint8:
 294                         v.Set(ValueOf(uint8(8)))
 295                 case Uint16:
 296                         v.Set(ValueOf(uint16(16)))
 297                 case Uint32:
 298                         v.Set(ValueOf(uint32(32)))
 299                 case Uint64:
 300                         v.Set(ValueOf(uint64(64)))
 301                 case Float32:
 302                         v.Set(ValueOf(float32(256.25)))
 303                 case Float64:
 304                         v.Set(ValueOf(512.125))
 305                 case Complex64:
 306                         v.Set(ValueOf(complex64(532.125 + 10i)))
 307                 case Complex128:
 308                         v.Set(ValueOf(complex128(564.25 + 1i)))
 309                 case String:
 310                         v.Set(ValueOf("stringy cheese"))
 311                 case Bool:
 312                         v.Set(ValueOf(true))
 313                 }
 314                 s := valueToString(v)
 315                 if s != tt.s {
 316                         t.Errorf("#%d: have %#q, want %#q", i, s, tt.s)
 317                 }
 318         }
 319 }
 320
 321 var _i = 7
 322
 323 var valueToStringTests = []pair{
 324         {123, "123"},
 325         {123.5, "123.5"},
 326         {byte(123), "123"},
 327         {"abc", "abc"},
 328         {T{123, 456.75, "hello", &_i}, "reflect_test.T{123, 456.75, hello, *int(&7)}"},
 329         {new(chan *T), "*chan *reflect_test.T(&chan *reflect_test.T)"},
 330         {[10]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}, "[10]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}"},
 331         {&[10]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}, "*[10]int(&[10]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10})"},
 332         {[]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}, "[]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}"},
 333         {&[]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}, "*[]int(&[]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10})"},
 334 }
 335
 336 func TestValueToString(t *testing.T) {
 337         for i, test := range valueToStringTests {
 338                 s := valueToString(ValueOf(test.i))
 339                 if s != test.s {
 340                         t.Errorf("#%d: have %#q, want %#q", i, s, test.s)
 341                 }
 342         }
 343 }
 344
 345 func TestArrayElemSet(t *testing.T) {
 346         v := ValueOf(&[10]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}).Elem()
 347         v.Index(4).SetInt(123)
 348         s := valueToString(v)
 349         const want = "[10]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 123, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}"
 350         if s != want {
 351                 t.Errorf("[10]int: have %#q want %#q", s, want)
 352         }
 353
 354         v = ValueOf([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10})
 355         v.Index(4).SetInt(123)
 356         s = valueToString(v)
 357         const want1 = "[]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 123, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10}"
 358         if s != want1 {
 359                 t.Errorf("[]int: have %#q want %#q", s, want1)
 360         }
 361 }
 362
 363 func TestPtrPointTo(t *testing.T) {
 364         var ip *int32
 365         var i int32 = 1234
 366         vip := ValueOf(&ip)
 367         vi := ValueOf(&i).Elem()
 368         vip.Elem().Set(vi.Addr())
 369         if *ip != 1234 {
 370                 t.Errorf("got %d, want 1234", *ip)
 371         }
 372
 373         ip = nil
 374         vp := ValueOf(&ip).Elem()
 375         vp.Set(Zero(vp.Type()))
 376         if ip != nil {
 377                 t.Errorf("got non-nil (%p), want nil", ip)
 378         }
 379 }
 380
 381 func TestPtrSetNil(t *testing.T) {
 382         var i int32 = 1234
 383         ip := &i
 384         vip := ValueOf(&ip)
 385         vip.Elem().Set(Zero(vip.Elem().Type()))
 386         if ip != nil {
 387                 t.Errorf("got non-nil (%d), want nil", *ip)
 388         }
 389 }
 390
 391 func TestMapSetNil(t *testing.T) {
 392         m := make(map[string]int)
 393         vm := ValueOf(&m)
 394         vm.Elem().Set(Zero(vm.Elem().Type()))
 395         if m != nil {
 396                 t.Errorf("got non-nil (%p), want nil", m)
 397         }
 398 }
 399
 400 func TestAll(t *testing.T) {
 401         testType(t, 1, TypeOf((int8)(0)), "int8")
 402         testType(t, 2, TypeOf((*int8)(nil)).Elem(), "int8")
 403
 404         typ := TypeOf((*struct {
 405                 c chan *int32
 406                 d float32
 407         })(nil))
 408         testType(t, 3, typ, "*struct { c chan *int32; d float32 }")
 409         etyp := typ.Elem()
 410         testType(t, 4, etyp, "struct { c chan *int32; d float32 }")
 411         styp := etyp
 412         f := styp.Field(0)
 413         testType(t, 5, f.Type, "chan *int32")
 414
 415         f, present := styp.FieldByName("d")
 416         if !present {
 417                 t.Errorf("FieldByName says present field is absent")
 418         }
 419         testType(t, 6, f.Type, "float32")
 420
 421         f, present = styp.FieldByName("absent")
 422         if present {
 423                 t.Errorf("FieldByName says absent field is present")
 424         }
 425
 426         typ = TypeOf([32]int32{})
 427         testType(t, 7, typ, "[32]int32")
 428         testType(t, 8, typ.Elem(), "int32")
 429
 430         typ = TypeOf((map[string]*int32)(nil))
 431         testType(t, 9, typ, "map[string]*int32")
 432         mtyp := typ
 433         testType(t, 10, mtyp.Key(), "string")
 434         testType(t, 11, mtyp.Elem(), "*int32")
 435
 436         typ = TypeOf((chan<- string)(nil))
 437         testType(t, 12, typ, "chan<- string")
 438         testType(t, 13, typ.Elem(), "string")
 439
 440         // make sure tag strings are not part of element type
 441         typ = TypeOf(struct {
 442                 d []uint32 `reflect:"TAG"`
 443         }{}).Field(0).Type
 444         testType(t, 14, typ, "[]uint32")
 445 }
 446
 447 func TestInterfaceGet(t *testing.T) {
 448         var inter struct {
 449                 E interface{}
 450         }
 451         inter.E = 123.456
 452         v1 := ValueOf(&inter)
 453         v2 := v1.Elem().Field(0)
 454         assert(t, v2.Type().String(), "interface {}")
 455         i2 := v2.Interface()
 456         v3 := ValueOf(i2)
 457         assert(t, v3.Type().String(), "float64")
 458 }
 459
 460 func TestInterfaceValue(t *testing.T) {
 461         var inter struct {
 462                 E interface{}
 463         }
 464         inter.E = 123.456
 465         v1 := ValueOf(&inter)
 466         v2 := v1.Elem().Field(0)
 467         assert(t, v2.Type().String(), "interface {}")
 468         v3 := v2.Elem()
 469         assert(t, v3.Type().String(), "float64")
 470
 471         i3 := v2.Interface()
 472         if _, ok := i3.(float64); !ok {
 473                 t.Error("v2.Interface() did not return float64, got ", TypeOf(i3))
 474         }
 475 }
 476
 477 func TestFunctionValue(t *testing.T) {
 478         var x interface{} = func() {}
 479         v := ValueOf(x)
 480         if fmt.Sprint(v.Interface()) != fmt.Sprint(x) {
 481                 t.Fatalf("TestFunction returned wrong pointer")
 482         }
 483         assert(t, v.Type().String(), "func()")
 484 }
 485
 486 var appendTests = []struct {
 487         orig, extra []int
 488 }{
 489         {make([]int, 2, 4), []int{22}},
 490         {make([]int, 2, 4), []int{22, 33, 44}},
 491 }
 492
 493 func sameInts(x, y []int) bool {
 494         if len(x) != len(y) {
 495                 return false
 496         }
 497         for i, xx := range x {
 498                 if xx != y[i] {
 499                         return false
 500                 }
 501         }
 502         return true
 503 }
 504
 505 func TestAppend(t *testing.T) {
 506         for i, test := range appendTests {
 507                 origLen, extraLen := len(test.orig), len(test.extra)
 508                 want := append(test.orig, test.extra...)
 509                 // Convert extra from []int to []Value.
 510                 e0 := make([]Value, len(test.extra))
 511                 for j, e := range test.extra {
 512                         e0[j] = ValueOf(e)
 513                 }
 514                 // Convert extra from []int to *SliceValue.
 515                 e1 := ValueOf(test.extra)
 516                 // Test Append.
 517                 a0 := ValueOf(test.orig)
 518                 have0 := Append(a0, e0...).Interface().([]int)
 519                 if !sameInts(have0, want) {
 520                         t.Errorf("Append #%d: have %v, want %v (%p %p)", i, have0, want, test.orig, have0)
 521                 }
 522                 // Check that the orig and extra slices were not modified.
 523                 if len(test.orig) != origLen {
 524                         t.Errorf("Append #%d origLen: have %v, want %v", i, len(test.orig), origLen)
 525                 }
 526                 if len(test.extra) != extraLen {
 527                         t.Errorf("Append #%d extraLen: have %v, want %v", i, len(test.extra), extraLen)
 528                 }
 529                 // Test AppendSlice.
 530                 a1 := ValueOf(test.orig)
 531                 have1 := AppendSlice(a1, e1).Interface().([]int)
 532                 if !sameInts(have1, want) {
 533                         t.Errorf("AppendSlice #%d: have %v, want %v", i, have1, want)
 534                 }
 535                 // Check that the orig and extra slices were not modified.
 536                 if len(test.orig) != origLen {
 537                         t.Errorf("AppendSlice #%d origLen: have %v, want %v", i, len(test.orig), origLen)
 538                 }
 539                 if len(test.extra) != extraLen {
 540                         t.Errorf("AppendSlice #%d extraLen: have %v, want %v", i, len(test.extra), extraLen)
 541                 }
 542         }
 543 }
 544
 545 func TestCopy(t *testing.T) {
 546         a := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 9, 8, 7}
 547         b := []int{11, 22, 33, 44, 1010, 99, 88, 77, 66, 55, 44}
 548         c := []int{11, 22, 33, 44, 1010, 99, 88, 77, 66, 55, 44}
 549         for i := 0; i < len(b); i++ {
 550                 if b[i] != c[i] {
 551                         t.Fatalf("b != c before test")
 552                 }
 553         }
 554         a1 := a
 555         b1 := b
 556         aa := ValueOf(&a1).Elem()
 557         ab := ValueOf(&b1).Elem()
 558         for tocopy := 1; tocopy <= 7; tocopy++ {
 559                 aa.SetLen(tocopy)
 560                 Copy(ab, aa)
 561                 aa.SetLen(8)
 562                 for i := 0; i < tocopy; i++ {
 563                         if a[i] != b[i] {
 564                                 t.Errorf("(i) tocopy=%d a[%d]=%d, b[%d]=%d",
 565                                         tocopy, i, a[i], i, b[i])
 566                         }
 567                 }
 568                 for i := tocopy; i < len(b); i++ {
 569                         if b[i] != c[i] {
 570                                 if i < len(a) {
 571                                         t.Errorf("(ii) tocopy=%d a[%d]=%d, b[%d]=%d, c[%d]=%d",
 572                                                 tocopy, i, a[i], i, b[i], i, c[i])
 573                                 } else {
 574                                         t.Errorf("(iii) tocopy=%d b[%d]=%d, c[%d]=%d",
 575                                                 tocopy, i, b[i], i, c[i])
 576                                 }
 577                         } else {
 578                                 t.Logf("tocopy=%d elem %d is okay\n", tocopy, i)
 579                         }
 580                 }
 581         }
 582 }
 583
 584 func TestCopyArray(t *testing.T) {
 585         a := [8]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 9, 8, 7}
 586         b := [11]int{11, 22, 33, 44, 1010, 99, 88, 77, 66, 55, 44}
 587         c := b
 588         aa := ValueOf(&a).Elem()
 589         ab := ValueOf(&b).Elem()
 590         Copy(ab, aa)
 591         for i := 0; i < len(a); i++ {
 592                 if a[i] != b[i] {
 593                         t.Errorf("(i) a[%d]=%d, b[%d]=%d", i, a[i], i, b[i])
 594                 }
 595         }
 596         for i := len(a); i < len(b); i++ {
 597                 if b[i] != c[i] {
 598                         t.Errorf("(ii) b[%d]=%d, c[%d]=%d", i, b[i], i, c[i])
 599                 } else {
 600                         t.Logf("elem %d is okay\n", i)
 601                 }
 602         }
 603 }
 604
 605 func TestBigUnnamedStruct(t *testing.T) {
 606         b := struct{ a, b, c, d int64 }{1, 2, 3, 4}
 607         v := ValueOf(b)
 608         b1 := v.Interface().(struct {
 609                 a, b, c, d int64
 610         })
 611         if b1.a != b.a || b1.b != b.b || b1.c != b.c || b1.d != b.d {
 612                 t.Errorf("ValueOf(%v).Interface().(*Big) = %v", b, b1)
 613         }
 614 }
 615
 616 type big struct {
 617         a, b, c, d, e int64
 618 }
 619
 620 func TestBigStruct(t *testing.T) {
 621         b := big{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
 622         v := ValueOf(b)
 623         b1 := v.Interface().(big)
 624         if b1.a != b.a || b1.b != b.b || b1.c != b.c || b1.d != b.d || b1.e != b.e {
 625                 t.Errorf("ValueOf(%v).Interface().(big) = %v", b, b1)
 626         }
 627 }
 628
 629 type Basic struct {
 630         x int
 631         y float32
 632 }
 633
 634 type NotBasic Basic
 635
 636 type DeepEqualTest struct {
 637         a, b interface{}
 638         eq   bool
 639 }
 640
 641 // Simple functions for DeepEqual tests.
 642 var (
 643         fn1 func()             // nil.
 644         fn2 func()             // nil.
 645         fn3 = func() { fn1() } // Not nil.
 646 )
 647
 648 var deepEqualTests = []DeepEqualTest{
 649         // Equalities
 650         {nil, nil, true},
 651         {1, 1, true},
 652         {int32(1), int32(1), true},
 653         {0.5, 0.5, true},
 654         {float32(0.5), float32(0.5), true},
 655         {"hello", "hello", true},
 656         {make([]int, 10), make([]int, 10), true},
 657         {&[3]int{1, 2, 3}, &[3]int{1, 2, 3}, true},
 658         {Basic{1, 0.5}, Basic{1, 0.5}, true},
 659         {error(nil), error(nil), true},
 660         {map[int]string{1: "one", 2: "two"}, map[int]string{2: "two", 1: "one"}, true},
 661         {fn1, fn2, true},
 662
 663         // Inequalities
 664         {1, 2, false},
 665         {int32(1), int32(2), false},
 666         {0.5, 0.6, false},
 667         {float32(0.5), float32(0.6), false},
 668         {"hello", "hey", false},
 669         {make([]int, 10), make([]int, 11), false},
 670         {&[3]int{1, 2, 3}, &[3]int{1, 2, 4}, false},
 671         {Basic{1, 0.5}, Basic{1, 0.6}, false},
 672         {Basic{1, 0}, Basic{2, 0}, false},
 673         {map[int]string{1: "one", 3: "two"}, map[int]string{2: "two", 1: "one"}, false},
 674         {map[int]string{1: "one", 2: "txo"}, map[int]string{2: "two", 1: "one"}, false},
 675         {map[int]string{1: "one"}, map[int]string{2: "two", 1: "one"}, false},
 676         {map[int]string{2: "two", 1: "one"}, map[int]string{1: "one"}, false},
 677         {nil, 1, false},
 678         {1, nil, false},
 679         {fn1, fn3, false},
 680         {fn3, fn3, false},
 681         {[][]int{[]int{1}}, [][]int{[]int{2}}, false},
 682
 683         // Nil vs empty: not the same.
 684         {[]int{}, []int(nil), false},
 685         {[]int{}, []int{}, true},
 686         {[]int(nil), []int(nil), true},
 687         {map[int]int{}, map[int]int(nil), false},
 688         {map[int]int{}, map[int]int{}, true},
 689         {map[int]int(nil), map[int]int(nil), true},
 690
 691         // Mismatched types
 692         {1, 1.0, false},
 693         {int32(1), int64(1), false},
 694         {0.5, "hello", false},
 695         {[]int{1, 2, 3}, [3]int{1, 2, 3}, false},
 696         {&[3]interface{}{1, 2, 4}, &[3]interface{}{1, 2, "s"}, false},
 697         {Basic{1, 0.5}, NotBasic{1, 0.5}, false},
 698         {map[uint]string{1: "one", 2: "two"}, map[int]string{2: "two", 1: "one"}, false},
 699 }
 700
 701 func TestDeepEqual(t *testing.T) {
 702         for _, test := range deepEqualTests {
 703                 if r := DeepEqual(test.a, test.b); r != test.eq {
 704                         t.Errorf("DeepEqual(%v, %v) = %v, want %v", test.a, test.b, r, test.eq)
 705                 }
 706         }
 707 }
 708
 709 func TestTypeOf(t *testing.T) {
 710         // Special case for nil
 711         if typ := TypeOf(nil); typ != nil {
 712                 t.Errorf("expected nil type for nil value; got %v", typ)
 713         }
 714         for _, test := range deepEqualTests {
 715                 v := ValueOf(test.a)
 716                 if !v.IsValid() {
 717                         continue
 718                 }
 719                 typ := TypeOf(test.a)
 720                 if typ != v.Type() {
 721                         t.Errorf("TypeOf(%v) = %v, but ValueOf(%v).Type() = %v", test.a, typ, test.a, v.Type())
 722                 }
 723         }
 724 }
 725
 726 type Recursive struct {
 727         x int
 728         r *Recursive
 729 }
 730
 731 func TestDeepEqualRecursiveStruct(t *testing.T) {
 732         a, b := new(Recursive), new(Recursive)
 733         *a = Recursive{12, a}
 734         *b = Recursive{12, b}
 735         if !DeepEqual(a, b) {
 736                 t.Error("DeepEqual(recursive same) = false, want true")
 737         }
 738 }
 739
 740 type _Complex struct {
 741         a int
 742         b [3]*_Complex
 743         c *string
 744         d map[float64]float64
 745 }
 746
 747 func TestDeepEqualComplexStruct(t *testing.T) {
 748         m := make(map[float64]float64)
 749         stra, strb := "hello", "hello"
 750         a, b := new(_Complex), new(_Complex)
 751         *a = _Complex{5, [3]*_Complex{a, b, a}, &stra, m}
 752         *b = _Complex{5, [3]*_Complex{b, a, a}, &strb, m}
 753         if !DeepEqual(a, b) {
 754                 t.Error("DeepEqual(complex same) = false, want true")
 755         }
 756 }
 757
 758 func TestDeepEqualComplexStructInequality(t *testing.T) {
 759         m := make(map[float64]float64)
 760         stra, strb := "hello", "helloo" // Difference is here
 761         a, b := new(_Complex), new(_Complex)
 762         *a = _Complex{5, [3]*_Complex{a, b, a}, &stra, m}
 763         *b = _Complex{5, [3]*_Complex{b, a, a}, &strb, m}
 764         if DeepEqual(a, b) {
 765                 t.Error("DeepEqual(complex different) = true, want false")
 766         }
 767 }
 768
 769 type UnexpT struct {
 770         m map[int]int
 771 }
 772
 773 func TestDeepEqualUnexportedMap(t *testing.T) {
 774         // Check that DeepEqual can look at unexported fields.
 775         x1 := UnexpT{map[int]int{1: 2}}
 776         x2 := UnexpT{map[int]int{1: 2}}
 777         if !DeepEqual(&x1, &x2) {
 778                 t.Error("DeepEqual(x1, x2) = false, want true")
 779         }
 780
 781         y1 := UnexpT{map[int]int{2: 3}}
 782         if DeepEqual(&x1, &y1) {
 783                 t.Error("DeepEqual(x1, y1) = true, want false")
 784         }
 785 }
 786
 787 func check2ndField(x interface{}, offs uintptr, t *testing.T) {
 788         s := ValueOf(x)
 789         f := s.Type().Field(1)
 790         if f.Offset != offs {
 791                 t.Error("mismatched offsets in structure alignment:", f.Offset, offs)
 792         }
 793 }
 794
 795 // Check that structure alignment & offsets viewed through reflect agree with those
 796 // from the compiler itself.
 797 func TestAlignment(t *testing.T) {
 798         type T1inner struct {
 799                 a int
 800         }
 801         type T1 struct {
 802                 T1inner
 803                 f int
 804         }
 805         type T2inner struct {
 806                 a, b int
 807         }
 808         type T2 struct {
 809                 T2inner
 810                 f int
 811         }
 812
 813         x := T1{T1inner{2}, 17}
 814         check2ndField(x, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&x.f))-uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&x)), t)
 815
 816         x1 := T2{T2inner{2, 3}, 17}
 817         check2ndField(x1, uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&x1.f))-uintptr(unsafe.Pointer(&x1)), t)
 818 }
 819
 820 func Nil(a interface{}, t *testing.T) {
 821         n := ValueOf(a).Field(0)
 822         if !n.IsNil() {
 823                 t.Errorf("%v should be nil", a)
 824         }
 825 }
 826
 827 func NotNil(a interface{}, t *testing.T) {
 828         n := ValueOf(a).Field(0)
 829         if n.IsNil() {
 830                 t.Errorf("value of type %v should not be nil", ValueOf(a).Type().String())
 831         }
 832 }
 833
 834 func TestIsNil(t *testing.T) {
 835         // These implement IsNil.
 836         // Wrap in extra struct to hide interface type.
 837         doNil := []interface{}{
 838                 struct{ x *int }{},
 839                 struct{ x interface{} }{},
 840                 struct{ x map[string]int }{},
 841                 struct{ x func() bool }{},
 842                 struct{ x chan int }{},
 843                 struct{ x []string }{},
 844         }
 845         for _, ts := range doNil {
 846                 ty := TypeOf(ts).Field(0).Type
 847                 v := Zero(ty)
 848                 v.IsNil() // panics if not okay to call
 849         }
 850
 851         // Check the implementations
 852         var pi struct {
 853                 x *int
 854         }
 855         Nil(pi, t)
 856         pi.x = new(int)
 857         NotNil(pi, t)
 858
 859         var si struct {
 860                 x []int
 861         }
 862         Nil(si, t)
 863         si.x = make([]int, 10)
 864         NotNil(si, t)
 865
 866         var ci struct {
 867                 x chan int
 868         }
 869         Nil(ci, t)
 870         ci.x = make(chan int)
 871         NotNil(ci, t)
 872
 873         var mi struct {
 874                 x map[int]int
 875         }
 876         Nil(mi, t)
 877         mi.x = make(map[int]int)
 878         NotNil(mi, t)
 879
 880         var ii struct {
 881                 x interface{}
 882         }
 883         Nil(ii, t)
 884         ii.x = 2
 885         NotNil(ii, t)
 886
 887         var fi struct {
 888                 x func(t *testing.T)
 889         }
 890         Nil(fi, t)
 891         fi.x = TestIsNil
 892         NotNil(fi, t)
 893 }
 894
 895 func TestInterfaceExtraction(t *testing.T) {
 896         var s struct {
 897                 W io.Writer
 898         }
 899
 900         s.W = os.Stdout
 901         v := Indirect(ValueOf(&s)).Field(0).Interface()
 902         if v != s.W.(interface{}) {
 903                 t.Error("Interface() on interface: ", v, s.W)
 904         }
 905 }
 906
 907 func TestNilPtrValueSub(t *testing.T) {
 908         var pi *int
 909         if pv := ValueOf(pi); pv.Elem().IsValid() {
 910                 t.Error("ValueOf((*int)(nil)).Elem().IsValid()")
 911         }
 912 }
 913
 914 func TestMap(t *testing.T) {
 915         m := map[string]int{"a": 1, "b": 2}
 916         mv := ValueOf(m)
 917         if n := mv.Len(); n != len(m) {
 918                 t.Errorf("Len = %d, want %d", n, len(m))
 919         }
 920         keys := mv.MapKeys()
 921         newmap := MakeMap(mv.Type())
 922         for k, v := range m {
 923                 // Check that returned Keys match keys in range.
 924                 // These aren't required to be in the same order.
 925                 seen := false
 926                 for _, kv := range keys {
 927                         if kv.String() == k {
 928                                 seen = true
 929                                 break
 930                         }
 931                 }
 932                 if !seen {
 933                         t.Errorf("Missing key %q", k)
 934                 }
 935
 936                 // Check that value lookup is correct.
 937                 vv := mv.MapIndex(ValueOf(k))
 938                 if vi := vv.Int(); vi != int64(v) {
 939                         t.Errorf("Key %q: have value %d, want %d", k, vi, v)
 940                 }
 941
 942                 // Copy into new map.
 943                 newmap.SetMapIndex(ValueOf(k), ValueOf(v))
 944         }
 945         vv := mv.MapIndex(ValueOf("not-present"))
 946         if vv.IsValid() {
 947                 t.Errorf("Invalid key: got non-nil value %s", valueToString(vv))
 948         }
 949
 950         newm := newmap.Interface().(map[string]int)
 951         if len(newm) != len(m) {
 952                 t.Errorf("length after copy: newm=%d, m=%d", len(newm), len(m))
 953         }
 954
 955         for k, v := range newm {
 956                 mv, ok := m[k]
 957                 if mv != v {
 958                         t.Errorf("newm[%q] = %d, but m[%q] = %d, %v", k, v, k, mv, ok)
 959                 }
 960         }
 961
 962         newmap.SetMapIndex(ValueOf("a"), Value{})
 963         v, ok := newm["a"]
 964         if ok {
 965                 t.Errorf("newm[\"a\"] = %d after delete", v)
 966         }
 967
 968         mv = ValueOf(&m).Elem()
 969         mv.Set(Zero(mv.Type()))
 970         if m != nil {
 971                 t.Errorf("mv.Set(nil) failed")
 972         }
 973 }
 974
 975 func TestChan(t *testing.T) {
 976         for loop := 0; loop < 2; loop++ {
 977                 var c chan int
 978                 var cv Value
 979
 980                 // check both ways to allocate channels
 981                 switch loop {
 982                 case 1:
 983                         c = make(chan int, 1)
 984                         cv = ValueOf(c)
 985                 case 0:
 986                         cv = MakeChan(TypeOf(c), 1)
 987                         c = cv.Interface().(chan int)
 988                 }
 989
 990                 // Send
 991                 cv.Send(ValueOf(2))
 992                 if i := <-c; i != 2 {
 993                         t.Errorf("reflect Send 2, native recv %d", i)
 994                 }
 995
 996                 // Recv
 997                 c <- 3
 998                 if i, ok := cv.Recv(); i.Int() != 3 || !ok {
 999                         t.Errorf("native send 3, reflect Recv %d, %t", i.Int(), ok)
1000                 }
1001
1002                 // TryRecv fail
1003                 val, ok := cv.TryRecv()
1004                 if val.IsValid() || ok {
1005                         t.Errorf("TryRecv on empty chan: %s, %t", valueToString(val), ok)
1006                 }
1007
1008                 // TryRecv success
1009                 c <- 4
1010                 val, ok = cv.TryRecv()
1011                 if !val.IsValid() {
1012                         t.Errorf("TryRecv on ready chan got nil")
1013                 } else if i := val.Int(); i != 4 || !ok {
1014                         t.Errorf("native send 4, TryRecv %d, %t", i, ok)
1015                 }
1016
1017                 // TrySend fail
1018                 c <- 100
1019                 ok = cv.TrySend(ValueOf(5))
1020                 i := <-c
1021                 if ok {
1022                         t.Errorf("TrySend on full chan succeeded: value %d", i)
1023                 }
1024
1025                 // TrySend success
1026                 ok = cv.TrySend(ValueOf(6))
1027                 if !ok {
1028                         t.Errorf("TrySend on empty chan failed")
1029                 } else {
1030                         if i = <-c; i != 6 {
1031                                 t.Errorf("TrySend 6, recv %d", i)
1032                         }
1033                 }
1034
1035                 // Close
1036                 c <- 123
1037                 cv.Close()
1038                 if i, ok := cv.Recv(); i.Int() != 123 || !ok {
1039                         t.Errorf("send 123 then close; Recv %d, %t", i.Int(), ok)
1040                 }
1041                 if i, ok := cv.Recv(); i.Int() != 0 || ok {
1042                         t.Errorf("after close Recv %d, %t", i.Int(), ok)
1043                 }
1044         }
1045
1046         // check creation of unbuffered channel
1047         var c chan int
1048         cv := MakeChan(TypeOf(c), 0)
1049         c = cv.Interface().(chan int)
1050         if cv.TrySend(ValueOf(7)) {
1051                 t.Errorf("TrySend on sync chan succeeded")
1052         }
1053         if v, ok := cv.TryRecv(); v.IsValid() || ok {
1054                 t.Errorf("TryRecv on sync chan succeeded: isvalid=%v ok=%v", v.IsValid(), ok)
1055         }
1056
1057         // len/cap
1058         cv = MakeChan(TypeOf(c), 10)
1059         c = cv.Interface().(chan int)
1060         for i := 0; i < 3; i++ {
1061                 c <- i
1062         }
1063         if l, m := cv.Len(), cv.Cap(); l != len(c) || m != cap(c) {
1064                 t.Errorf("Len/Cap = %d/%d want %d/%d", l, m, len(c), cap(c))
1065         }
1066 }
1067
1068 // caseInfo describes a single case in a select test.
1069 type caseInfo struct {
1070         desc      string
1071         canSelect bool
1072         recv      Value
1073         closed    bool
1074         helper    func()
1075         panic     bool
1076 }
1077
1078 var allselect = flag.Bool("allselect", false, "exhaustive select test")
1079
1080 func TestSelect(t *testing.T) {
1081         selectWatch.once.Do(func() { go selectWatcher() })
1082
1083         var x exhaustive
1084         nch := 0
1085         newop := func(n int, cap int) (ch, val Value) {
1086                 nch++
1087                 if nch%101%2 == 1 {
1088                         c := make(chan int, cap)
1089                         ch = ValueOf(c)
1090                         val = ValueOf(n)
1091                 } else {
1092                         c := make(chan string, cap)
1093                         ch = ValueOf(c)
1094                         val = ValueOf(fmt.Sprint(n))
1095                 }
1096                 return
1097         }
1098
1099         for n := 0; x.Next(); n++ {
1100                 if testing.Short() && n >= 1000 {
1101                         break
1102                 }
1103                 if n >= 100000 && !*allselect {
1104                         break
1105                 }
1106                 if n%100000 == 0 && testing.Verbose() {
1107                         println("TestSelect", n)
1108                 }
1109                 var cases []SelectCase
1110                 var info []caseInfo
1111
1112                 // Ready send.
1113                 if x.Maybe() {
1114                         ch, val := newop(len(cases), 1)
1115                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1116                                 Dir:  SelectSend,
1117                                 Chan: ch,
1118                                 Send: val,
1119                         })
1120                         info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "ready send", canSelect: true})
1121                 }
1122
1123                 // Ready recv.
1124                 if x.Maybe() {
1125                         ch, val := newop(len(cases), 1)
1126                         ch.Send(val)
1127                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1128                                 Dir:  SelectRecv,
1129                                 Chan: ch,
1130                         })
1131                         info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "ready recv", canSelect: true, recv: val})
1132                 }
1133
1134                 // Blocking send.
1135                 if x.Maybe() {
1136                         ch, val := newop(len(cases), 0)
1137                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1138                                 Dir:  SelectSend,
1139                                 Chan: ch,
1140                                 Send: val,
1141                         })
1142                         // Let it execute?
1143                         if x.Maybe() {
1144                                 f := func() { ch.Recv() }
1145                                 info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "blocking send", helper: f})
1146                         } else {
1147                                 info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "blocking send"})
1148                         }
1149                 }
1150
1151                 // Blocking recv.
1152                 if x.Maybe() {
1153                         ch, val := newop(len(cases), 0)
1154                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1155                                 Dir:  SelectRecv,
1156                                 Chan: ch,
1157                         })
1158                         // Let it execute?
1159                         if x.Maybe() {
1160                                 f := func() { ch.Send(val) }
1161                                 info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "blocking recv", recv: val, helper: f})
1162                         } else {
1163                                 info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "blocking recv"})
1164                         }
1165                 }
1166
1167                 // Zero Chan send.
1168                 if x.Maybe() {
1169                         // Maybe include value to send.
1170                         var val Value
1171                         if x.Maybe() {
1172                                 val = ValueOf(100)
1173                         }
1174                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1175                                 Dir:  SelectSend,
1176                                 Send: val,
1177                         })
1178                         info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "zero Chan send"})
1179                 }
1180
1181                 // Zero Chan receive.
1182                 if x.Maybe() {
1183                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1184                                 Dir: SelectRecv,
1185                         })
1186                         info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "zero Chan recv"})
1187                 }
1188
1189                 // nil Chan send.
1190                 if x.Maybe() {
1191                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1192                                 Dir:  SelectSend,
1193                                 Chan: ValueOf((chan int)(nil)),
1194                                 Send: ValueOf(101),
1195                         })
1196                         info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "nil Chan send"})
1197                 }
1198
1199                 // nil Chan recv.
1200                 if x.Maybe() {
1201                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1202                                 Dir:  SelectRecv,
1203                                 Chan: ValueOf((chan int)(nil)),
1204                         })
1205                         info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "nil Chan recv"})
1206                 }
1207
1208                 // closed Chan send.
1209                 if x.Maybe() {
1210                         ch := make(chan int)
1211                         close(ch)
1212                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1213                                 Dir:  SelectSend,
1214                                 Chan: ValueOf(ch),
1215                                 Send: ValueOf(101),
1216                         })
1217                         info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "closed Chan send", canSelect: true, panic: true})
1218                 }
1219
1220                 // closed Chan recv.
1221                 if x.Maybe() {
1222                         ch, val := newop(len(cases), 0)
1223                         ch.Close()
1224                         val = Zero(val.Type())
1225                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1226                                 Dir:  SelectRecv,
1227                                 Chan: ch,
1228                         })
1229                         info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "closed Chan recv", canSelect: true, closed: true, recv: val})
1230                 }
1231
1232                 var helper func() // goroutine to help the select complete
1233
1234                 // Add default? Must be last case here, but will permute.
1235                 // Add the default if the select would otherwise
1236                 // block forever, and maybe add it anyway.
1237                 numCanSelect := 0
1238                 canProceed := false
1239                 canBlock := true
1240                 canPanic := false
1241                 helpers := []int{}
1242                 for i, c := range info {
1243                         if c.canSelect {
1244                                 canProceed = true
1245                                 canBlock = false
1246                                 numCanSelect++
1247                                 if c.panic {
1248                                         canPanic = true
1249                                 }
1250                         } else if c.helper != nil {
1251                                 canProceed = true
1252                                 helpers = append(helpers, i)
1253                         }
1254                 }
1255                 if !canProceed || x.Maybe() {
1256                         cases = append(cases, SelectCase{
1257                                 Dir: SelectDefault,
1258                         })
1259                         info = append(info, caseInfo{desc: "default", canSelect: canBlock})
1260                         numCanSelect++
1261                 } else if canBlock {
1262                         // Select needs to communicate with another goroutine.
1263                         cas := &info[helpers[x.Choose(len(helpers))]]
1264                         helper = cas.helper
1265                         cas.canSelect = true
1266                         numCanSelect++
1267                 }
1268
1269                 // Permute cases and case info.
1270                 // Doing too much here makes the exhaustive loop
1271                 // too exhausting, so just do two swaps.
1272                 for loop := 0; loop < 2; loop++ {
1273                         i := x.Choose(len(cases))
1274                         j := x.Choose(len(cases))
1275                         cases[i], cases[j] = cases[j], cases[i]
1276                         info[i], info[j] = info[j], info[i]
1277                 }
1278
1279                 if helper != nil {
1280                         // We wait before kicking off a goroutine to satisfy a blocked select.
1281                         // The pause needs to be big enough to let the select block before
1282                         // we run the helper, but if we lose that race once in a while it's okay: the
1283                         // select will just proceed immediately. Not a big deal.
1284                         // For short tests we can grow [sic] the timeout a bit without fear of taking too long
1285                         pause := 10 * time.Microsecond
1286                         if testing.Short() {
1287                                 pause = 100 * time.Microsecond
1288                         }
1289                         time.AfterFunc(pause, helper)
1290                 }
1291
1292                 // Run select.
1293                 i, recv, recvOK, panicErr := runSelect(cases, info)
1294                 if panicErr != nil && !canPanic {
1295                         t.Fatalf("%s\npanicked unexpectedly: %v", fmtSelect(info), panicErr)
1296                 }
1297                 if panicErr == nil && canPanic && numCanSelect == 1 {
1298                         t.Fatalf("%s\nselected #%d incorrectly (should panic)", fmtSelect(info), i)
1299                 }
1300                 if panicErr != nil {
1301                         continue
1302                 }
1303
1304                 cas := info[i]
1305                 if !cas.canSelect {
1306                         recvStr := ""
1307                         if recv.IsValid() {
1308                                 recvStr = fmt.Sprintf(", received %v, %v", recv.Interface(), recvOK)
1309                         }
1310                         t.Fatalf("%s\nselected #%d incorrectly%s", fmtSelect(info), i, recvStr)
1311                         continue
1312                 }
1313                 if cas.panic {
1314                         t.Fatalf("%s\nselected #%d incorrectly (case should panic)", fmtSelect(info), i)
1315                         continue
1316                 }
1317
1318                 if cases[i].Dir == SelectRecv {
1319                         if !recv.IsValid() {
1320                                 t.Fatalf("%s\nselected #%d but got %v, %v, want %v, %v", fmtSelect(info), i, recv, recvOK, cas.recv.Interface(), !cas.closed)
1321                         }
1322                         if !cas.recv.IsValid() {
1323                                 t.Fatalf("%s\nselected #%d but internal error: missing recv value", fmtSelect(info), i)
1324                         }
1325                         if recv.Interface() != cas.recv.Interface() || recvOK != !cas.closed {
1326                                 if recv.Interface() == cas.recv.Interface() && recvOK == !cas.closed {
1327                                         t.Fatalf("%s\nselected #%d, got %#v, %v, and DeepEqual is broken on %T", fmtSelect(info), i, recv.Interface(), recvOK, recv.Interface())
1328                                 }
1329                                 t.Fatalf("%s\nselected #%d but got %#v, %v, want %#v, %v", fmtSelect(info), i, recv.Interface(), recvOK, cas.recv.Interface(), !cas.closed)
1330                         }
1331                 } else {
1332                         if recv.IsValid() || recvOK {
1333                                 t.Fatalf("%s\nselected #%d but got %v, %v, want %v, %v", fmtSelect(info), i, recv, recvOK, Value{}, false)
1334                         }
1335                 }
1336         }
1337 }
1338
1339 // selectWatch and the selectWatcher are a watchdog mechanism for running Select.
1340 // If the selectWatcher notices that the select has been blocked for >1 second, it prints
1341 // an error describing the select and panics the entire test binary.
1342 var selectWatch struct {
1343         sync.Mutex
1344         once sync.Once
1345         now  time.Time
1346         info []caseInfo
1347 }
1348
1349 func selectWatcher() {
1350         for {
1351                 time.Sleep(1 * time.Second)
1352                 selectWatch.Lock()
1353                 if selectWatch.info != nil && time.Since(selectWatch.now) > 1*time.Second {
1354                         fmt.Fprintf(os.Stderr, "TestSelect:\n%s blocked indefinitely\n", fmtSelect(selectWatch.info))
1355                         panic("select stuck")
1356                 }
1357                 selectWatch.Unlock()
1358         }
1359 }
1360
1361 // runSelect runs a single select test.
1362 // It returns the values returned by Select but also returns
1363 // a panic value if the Select panics.
1364 func runSelect(cases []SelectCase, info []caseInfo) (chosen int, recv Value, recvOK bool, panicErr interface{}) {
1365         defer func() {
1366                 panicErr = recover()
1367
1368                 selectWatch.Lock()
1369                 selectWatch.info = nil
1370                 selectWatch.Unlock()
1371         }()
1372
1373         selectWatch.Lock()
1374         selectWatch.now = time.Now()
1375         selectWatch.info = info
1376         selectWatch.Unlock()
1377
1378         chosen, recv, recvOK = Select(cases)
1379         return
1380 }
1381
1382 // fmtSelect formats the information about a single select test.
1383 func fmtSelect(info []caseInfo) string {
1384         var buf bytes.Buffer
1385         fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "\nselect {\n")
1386         for i, cas := range info {
1387                 fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "%d: %s", i, cas.desc)
1388                 if cas.recv.IsValid() {
1389                         fmt.Fprintf(&buf, " val=%#v", cas.recv.Interface())
1390                 }
1391                 if cas.canSelect {
1392                         fmt.Fprintf(&buf, " canselect")
1393                 }
1394                 if cas.panic {
1395                         fmt.Fprintf(&buf, " panic")
1396                 }
1397                 fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "\n")
1398         }
1399         fmt.Fprintf(&buf, "}")
1400         return buf.String()
1401 }
1402
1403 type two [2]uintptr
1404
1405 // Difficult test for function call because of
1406 // implicit padding between arguments.
1407 func dummy(b byte, c int, d byte, e two, f byte, g float32, h byte) (i byte, j int, k byte, l two, m byte, n float32, o byte) {
1408         return b, c, d, e, f, g, h
1409 }
1410
1411 func TestFunc(t *testing.T) {
1412         ret := ValueOf(dummy).Call([]Value{
1413                 ValueOf(byte(10)),
1414                 ValueOf(20),
1415                 ValueOf(byte(30)),
1416                 ValueOf(two{40, 50}),
1417                 ValueOf(byte(60)),
1418                 ValueOf(float32(70)),
1419                 ValueOf(byte(80)),
1420         })
1421         if len(ret) != 7 {
1422                 t.Fatalf("Call returned %d values, want 7", len(ret))
1423         }
1424
1425         i := byte(ret[0].Uint())
1426         j := int(ret[1].Int())
1427         k := byte(ret[2].Uint())
1428         l := ret[3].Interface().(two)
1429         m := byte(ret[4].Uint())
1430         n := float32(ret[5].Float())
1431         o := byte(ret[6].Uint())
1432
1433         if i != 10 || j != 20 || k != 30 || l != (two{40, 50}) || m != 60 || n != 70 || o != 80 {
1434                 t.Errorf("Call returned %d, %d, %d, %v, %d, %g, %d; want 10, 20, 30, [40, 50], 60, 70, 80", i, j, k, l, m, n, o)
1435         }
1436 }
1437
1438 type emptyStruct struct{}
1439
1440 type nonEmptyStruct struct {
1441         member int
1442 }
1443
1444 func returnEmpty() emptyStruct {
1445         return emptyStruct{}
1446 }
1447
1448 func takesEmpty(e emptyStruct) {
1449 }
1450
1451 func returnNonEmpty(i int) nonEmptyStruct {
1452         return nonEmptyStruct{member: i}
1453 }
1454
1455 func takesNonEmpty(n nonEmptyStruct) int {
1456         return n.member
1457 }
1458
1459 func TestCallWithStruct(t *testing.T) {
1460         r := ValueOf(returnEmpty).Call(nil)
1461         if len(r) != 1 || r[0].Type() != TypeOf(emptyStruct{}) {
1462                 t.Errorf("returning empty struct returned %#v instead", r)
1463         }
1464         r = ValueOf(takesEmpty).Call([]Value{ValueOf(emptyStruct{})})
1465         if len(r) != 0 {
1466                 t.Errorf("takesEmpty returned values: %#v", r)
1467         }
1468         r = ValueOf(returnNonEmpty).Call([]Value{ValueOf(42)})
1469         if len(r) != 1 || r[0].Type() != TypeOf(nonEmptyStruct{}) || r[0].Field(0).Int() != 42 {
1470                 t.Errorf("returnNonEmpty returned %#v", r)
1471         }
1472         r = ValueOf(takesNonEmpty).Call([]Value{ValueOf(nonEmptyStruct{member: 42})})
1473         if len(r) != 1 || r[0].Type() != TypeOf(1) || r[0].Int() != 42 {
1474                 t.Errorf("takesNonEmpty returned %#v", r)
1475         }
1476 }
1477
1478 func TestMakeFunc(t *testing.T) {
1479         switch runtime.GOARCH {
1480         case "amd64", "386":
1481         default:
1482                 t.Skip("MakeFunc not implemented for " + runtime.GOARCH)
1483         }
1484
1485         f := dummy
1486         fv := MakeFunc(TypeOf(f), func(in []Value) []Value { return in })
1487         ValueOf(&f).Elem().Set(fv)
1488
1489         // Call g with small arguments so that there is
1490         // something predictable (and different from the
1491         // correct results) in those positions on the stack.
1492         g := dummy
1493         g(1, 2, 3, two{4, 5}, 6, 7, 8)
1494
1495         // Call constructed function f.
1496         i, j, k, l, m, n, o := f(10, 20, 30, two{40, 50}, 60, 70, 80)
1497         if i != 10 || j != 20 || k != 30 || l != (two{40, 50}) || m != 60 || n != 70 || o != 80 {
1498                 t.Errorf("Call returned %d, %d, %d, %v, %d, %g, %d; want 10, 20, 30, [40, 50], 60, 70, 80", i, j, k, l, m, n, o)
1499         }
1500 }
1501
1502 func TestMakeFuncInterface(t *testing.T) {
1503         switch runtime.GOARCH {
1504         case "amd64", "386":
1505         default:
1506                 t.Skip("MakeFunc not implemented for " + runtime.GOARCH)
1507         }
1508
1509         fn := func(i int) int { return i }
1510         incr := func(in []Value) []Value {
1511                 return []Value{ValueOf(int(in[0].Int() + 1))}
1512         }
1513         fv := MakeFunc(TypeOf(fn), incr)
1514         ValueOf(&fn).Elem().Set(fv)
1515         if r := fn(2); r != 3 {
1516                 t.Errorf("Call returned %d, want 3", r)
1517         }
1518         if r := fv.Call([]Value{ValueOf(14)})[0].Int(); r != 15 {
1519                 t.Errorf("Call returned %d, want 15", r)
1520         }
1521         if r := fv.Interface().(func(int) int)(26); r != 27 {
1522                 t.Errorf("Call returned %d, want 27", r)
1523         }
1524 }
1525
1526 type Point struct {
1527         x, y int
1528 }
1529
1530 // This will be index 0.
1531 func (p Point) AnotherMethod(scale int) int {
1532         return -1
1533 }
1534
1535 // This will be index 1.
1536 func (p Point) Dist(scale int) int {
1537         //println("Point.Dist", p.x, p.y, scale)
1538         return p.x*p.x*scale + p.y*p.y*scale
1539 }
1540
1541 func TestMethod(t *testing.T) {
1542         // Non-curried method of type.
1543         p := Point{3, 4}
1544         i := TypeOf(p).Method(1).Func.Call([]Value{ValueOf(p), ValueOf(10)})[0].Int()
1545         if i != 250 {
1546                 t.Errorf("Type Method returned %d; want 250", i)
1547         }
1548
1549         m, ok := TypeOf(p).MethodByName("Dist")
1550         if !ok {
1551                 t.Fatalf("method by name failed")
1552         }
1553         i = m.Func.Call([]Value{ValueOf(p), ValueOf(11)})[0].Int()
1554         if i != 275 {
1555                 t.Errorf("Type MethodByName returned %d; want 275", i)
1556         }
1557
1558         i = TypeOf(&p).Method(1).Func.Call([]Value{ValueOf(&p), ValueOf(12)})[0].Int()
1559         if i != 300 {
1560                 t.Errorf("Pointer Type Method returned %d; want 300", i)
1561         }
1562
1563         m, ok = TypeOf(&p).MethodByName("Dist")
1564         if !ok {
1565                 t.Fatalf("ptr method by name failed")
1566         }
1567         i = m.Func.Call([]Value{ValueOf(&p), ValueOf(13)})[0].Int()
1568         if i != 325 {
1569                 t.Errorf("Pointer Type MethodByName returned %d; want 325", i)
1570         }
1571
1572         // Curried method of value.
1573         tfunc := TypeOf((func(int) int)(nil))
1574         v := ValueOf(p).Method(1)
1575         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1576                 t.Errorf("Value Method Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1577         }
1578         i = v.Call([]Value{ValueOf(14)})[0].Int()
1579         if i != 350 {
1580                 t.Errorf("Value Method returned %d; want 350", i)
1581         }
1582         v = ValueOf(p).MethodByName("Dist")
1583         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1584                 t.Errorf("Value MethodByName Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1585         }
1586         i = v.Call([]Value{ValueOf(15)})[0].Int()
1587         if i != 375 {
1588                 t.Errorf("Value MethodByName returned %d; want 375", i)
1589         }
1590
1591         // Curried method of pointer.
1592         v = ValueOf(&p).Method(1)
1593         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1594                 t.Errorf("Pointer Value Method Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1595         }
1596         i = v.Call([]Value{ValueOf(16)})[0].Int()
1597         if i != 400 {
1598                 t.Errorf("Pointer Value Method returned %d; want 400", i)
1599         }
1600         v = ValueOf(&p).MethodByName("Dist")
1601         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1602                 t.Errorf("Pointer Value MethodByName Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1603         }
1604         i = v.Call([]Value{ValueOf(17)})[0].Int()
1605         if i != 425 {
1606                 t.Errorf("Pointer Value MethodByName returned %d; want 425", i)
1607         }
1608
1609         // Curried method of interface value.
1610         // Have to wrap interface value in a struct to get at it.
1611         // Passing it to ValueOf directly would
1612         // access the underlying Point, not the interface.
1613         var x interface {
1614                 Dist(int) int
1615         } = p
1616         pv := ValueOf(&x).Elem()
1617         v = pv.Method(0)
1618         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1619                 t.Errorf("Interface Method Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1620         }
1621         i = v.Call([]Value{ValueOf(18)})[0].Int()
1622         if i != 450 {
1623                 t.Errorf("Interface Method returned %d; want 450", i)
1624         }
1625         v = pv.MethodByName("Dist")
1626         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1627                 t.Errorf("Interface MethodByName Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1628         }
1629         i = v.Call([]Value{ValueOf(19)})[0].Int()
1630         if i != 475 {
1631                 t.Errorf("Interface MethodByName returned %d; want 475", i)
1632         }
1633 }
1634
1635 func TestMethodValue(t *testing.T) {
1636         switch runtime.GOARCH {
1637         case "amd64", "386":
1638         default:
1639                 t.Skip("reflect method values not implemented for " + runtime.GOARCH)
1640         }
1641
1642         p := Point{3, 4}
1643         var i int64
1644
1645         // Curried method of value.
1646         tfunc := TypeOf((func(int) int)(nil))
1647         v := ValueOf(p).Method(1)
1648         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1649                 t.Errorf("Value Method Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1650         }
1651         i = ValueOf(v.Interface()).Call([]Value{ValueOf(10)})[0].Int()
1652         if i != 250 {
1653                 t.Errorf("Value Method returned %d; want 250", i)
1654         }
1655         v = ValueOf(p).MethodByName("Dist")
1656         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1657                 t.Errorf("Value MethodByName Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1658         }
1659         i = ValueOf(v.Interface()).Call([]Value{ValueOf(11)})[0].Int()
1660         if i != 275 {
1661                 t.Errorf("Value MethodByName returned %d; want 275", i)
1662         }
1663
1664         // Curried method of pointer.
1665         v = ValueOf(&p).Method(1)
1666         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1667                 t.Errorf("Pointer Value Method Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1668         }
1669         i = ValueOf(v.Interface()).Call([]Value{ValueOf(12)})[0].Int()
1670         if i != 300 {
1671                 t.Errorf("Pointer Value Method returned %d; want 300", i)
1672         }
1673         v = ValueOf(&p).MethodByName("Dist")
1674         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1675                 t.Errorf("Pointer Value MethodByName Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1676         }
1677         i = ValueOf(v.Interface()).Call([]Value{ValueOf(13)})[0].Int()
1678         if i != 325 {
1679                 t.Errorf("Pointer Value MethodByName returned %d; want 325", i)
1680         }
1681
1682         // Curried method of pointer to pointer.
1683         pp := &p
1684         v = ValueOf(&pp).Elem().Method(1)
1685         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1686                 t.Errorf("Pointer Pointer Value Method Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1687         }
1688         i = ValueOf(v.Interface()).Call([]Value{ValueOf(14)})[0].Int()
1689         if i != 350 {
1690                 t.Errorf("Pointer Pointer Value Method returned %d; want 350", i)
1691         }
1692         v = ValueOf(&pp).Elem().MethodByName("Dist")
1693         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1694                 t.Errorf("Pointer Pointer Value MethodByName Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1695         }
1696         i = ValueOf(v.Interface()).Call([]Value{ValueOf(15)})[0].Int()
1697         if i != 375 {
1698                 t.Errorf("Pointer Pointer Value MethodByName returned %d; want 375", i)
1699         }
1700
1701         // Curried method of interface value.
1702         // Have to wrap interface value in a struct to get at it.
1703         // Passing it to ValueOf directly would
1704         // access the underlying Point, not the interface.
1705         var s = struct {
1706                 X interface {
1707                         Dist(int) int
1708                 }
1709         }{p}
1710         pv := ValueOf(s).Field(0)
1711         v = pv.Method(0)
1712         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1713                 t.Errorf("Interface Method Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1714         }
1715         i = ValueOf(v.Interface()).Call([]Value{ValueOf(16)})[0].Int()
1716         if i != 400 {
1717                 t.Errorf("Interface Method returned %d; want 400", i)
1718         }
1719         v = pv.MethodByName("Dist")
1720         if tt := v.Type(); tt != tfunc {
1721                 t.Errorf("Interface MethodByName Type is %s; want %s", tt, tfunc)
1722         }
1723         i = ValueOf(v.Interface()).Call([]Value{ValueOf(17)})[0].Int()
1724         if i != 425 {
1725                 t.Errorf("Interface MethodByName returned %d; want 425", i)
1726         }
1727 }
1728
1729 // Reflect version of $GOROOT/test/method5.go
1730
1731 // Concrete types implementing M method.
1732 // Smaller than a word, word-sized, larger than a word.
1733 // Value and pointer receivers.
1734
1735 type Tinter interface {
1736         M(int, byte) (byte, int)
1737 }
1738
1739 type Tsmallv byte
1740
1741 func (v Tsmallv) M(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(v) }
1742
1743 type Tsmallp byte
1744
1745 func (p *Tsmallp) M(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(*p) }
1746
1747 type Twordv uintptr
1748
1749 func (v Twordv) M(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(v) }
1750
1751 type Twordp uintptr
1752
1753 func (p *Twordp) M(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(*p) }
1754
1755 type Tbigv [2]uintptr
1756
1757 func (v Tbigv) M(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(v[0]) + int(v[1]) }
1758
1759 type Tbigp [2]uintptr
1760
1761 func (p *Tbigp) M(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(p[0]) + int(p[1]) }
1762
1763 // Again, with an unexported method.
1764
1765 type tsmallv byte
1766
1767 func (v tsmallv) m(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(v) }
1768
1769 type tsmallp byte
1770
1771 func (p *tsmallp) m(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(*p) }
1772
1773 type twordv uintptr
1774
1775 func (v twordv) m(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(v) }
1776
1777 type twordp uintptr
1778
1779 func (p *twordp) m(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(*p) }
1780
1781 type tbigv [2]uintptr
1782
1783 func (v tbigv) m(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(v[0]) + int(v[1]) }
1784
1785 type tbigp [2]uintptr
1786
1787 func (p *tbigp) m(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + int(p[0]) + int(p[1]) }
1788
1789 type tinter interface {
1790         m(int, byte) (byte, int)
1791 }
1792
1793 // Embedding via pointer.
1794
1795 type Tm1 struct {
1796         Tm2
1797 }
1798
1799 type Tm2 struct {
1800         *Tm3
1801 }
1802
1803 type Tm3 struct {
1804         *Tm4
1805 }
1806
1807 type Tm4 struct {
1808 }
1809
1810 func (t4 Tm4) M(x int, b byte) (byte, int) { return b, x + 40 }
1811
1812 func TestMethod5(t *testing.T) {
1813         switch runtime.GOARCH {
1814         case "amd64", "386":
1815         default:
1816                 t.Skip("reflect method values not implemented for " + runtime.GOARCH)
1817         }
1818
1819         CheckF := func(name string, f func(int, byte) (byte, int), inc int) {
1820                 b, x := f(1000, 99)
1821                 if b != 99 || x != 1000+inc {
1822                         t.Errorf("%s(1000, 99) = %v, %v, want 99, %v", name, b, x, 1000+inc)
1823                 }
1824         }
1825
1826         CheckV := func(name string, i Value, inc int) {
1827                 bx := i.Method(0).Call([]Value{ValueOf(1000), ValueOf(byte(99))})
1828                 b := bx[0].Interface()
1829                 x := bx[1].Interface()
1830                 if b != byte(99) || x != 1000+inc {
1831                         t.Errorf("direct %s.M(1000, 99) = %v, %v, want 99, %v", name, b, x, 1000+inc)
1832                 }
1833
1834                 CheckF(name+".M", i.Method(0).Interface().(func(int, byte) (byte, int)), inc)
1835         }
1836
1837         var TinterType = TypeOf(new(Tinter)).Elem()
1838         var tinterType = TypeOf(new(tinter)).Elem()
1839
1840         CheckI := func(name string, i interface{}, inc int) {
1841                 v := ValueOf(i)
1842                 CheckV(name, v, inc)
1843                 CheckV("(i="+name+")", v.Convert(TinterType), inc)
1844         }
1845
1846         sv := Tsmallv(1)
1847         CheckI("sv", sv, 1)
1848         CheckI("&sv", &sv, 1)
1849
1850         sp := Tsmallp(2)
1851         CheckI("&sp", &sp, 2)
1852
1853         wv := Twordv(3)
1854         CheckI("wv", wv, 3)
1855         CheckI("&wv", &wv, 3)
1856
1857         wp := Twordp(4)
1858         CheckI("&wp", &wp, 4)
1859
1860         bv := Tbigv([2]uintptr{5, 6})
1861         CheckI("bv", bv, 11)
1862         CheckI("&bv", &bv, 11)
1863
1864         bp := Tbigp([2]uintptr{7, 8})
1865         CheckI("&bp", &bp, 15)
1866
1867         t4 := Tm4{}
1868         t3 := Tm3{&t4}
1869         t2 := Tm2{&t3}
1870         t1 := Tm1{t2}
1871         CheckI("t4", t4, 40)
1872         CheckI("&t4", &t4, 40)
1873         CheckI("t3", t3, 40)
1874         CheckI("&t3", &t3, 40)
1875         CheckI("t2", t2, 40)
1876         CheckI("&t2", &t2, 40)
1877         CheckI("t1", t1, 40)
1878         CheckI("&t1", &t1, 40)
1879
1880         methodShouldPanic := func(name string, i interface{}) {
1881                 v := ValueOf(i)
1882                 m := v.Method(0)
1883                 shouldPanic(func() { m.Call([]Value{ValueOf(1000), ValueOf(byte(99))}) })
1884                 shouldPanic(func() { m.Interface() })
1885
1886                 v = v.Convert(tinterType)
1887                 m = v.Method(0)
1888                 shouldPanic(func() { m.Call([]Value{ValueOf(1000), ValueOf(byte(99))}) })
1889                 shouldPanic(func() { m.Interface() })
1890         }
1891
1892         _sv := tsmallv(1)
1893         methodShouldPanic("_sv", _sv)
1894         methodShouldPanic("&_sv", &_sv)
1895
1896         _sp := tsmallp(2)
1897         methodShouldPanic("&_sp", &_sp)
1898
1899         _wv := twordv(3)
1900         methodShouldPanic("_wv", _wv)
1901         methodShouldPanic("&_wv", &_wv)
1902
1903         _wp := twordp(4)
1904         methodShouldPanic("&_wp", &_wp)
1905
1906         _bv := tbigv([2]uintptr{5, 6})
1907         methodShouldPanic("_bv", _bv)
1908         methodShouldPanic("&_bv", &_bv)
1909
1910         _bp := tbigp([2]uintptr{7, 8})
1911         methodShouldPanic("&_bp", &_bp)
1912
1913         var tnil Tinter
1914         vnil := ValueOf(&tnil).Elem()
1915         shouldPanic(func() { vnil.Method(0) })
1916 }
1917
1918 func TestInterfaceSet(t *testing.T) {
1919         p := &Point{3, 4}
1920
1921         var s struct {
1922                 I interface{}
1923                 P interface {
1924                         Dist(int) int
1925                 }
1926         }
1927         sv := ValueOf(&s).Elem()
1928         sv.Field(0).Set(ValueOf(p))
1929         if q := s.I.(*Point); q != p {
1930                 t.Errorf("i: have %p want %p", q, p)
1931         }
1932
1933         pv := sv.Field(1)
1934         pv.Set(ValueOf(p))
1935         if q := s.P.(*Point); q != p {
1936                 t.Errorf("i: have %p want %p", q, p)
1937         }
1938
1939         i := pv.Method(0).Call([]Value{ValueOf(10)})[0].Int()
1940         if i != 250 {
1941                 t.Errorf("Interface Method returned %d; want 250", i)
1942         }
1943 }
1944
1945 type T1 struct {
1946         a string
1947         int
1948 }
1949
1950 func TestAnonymousFields(t *testing.T) {
1951         var field StructField
1952         var ok bool
1953         var t1 T1
1954         type1 := TypeOf(t1)
1955         if field, ok = type1.FieldByName("int"); !ok {
1956                 t.Fatal("no field 'int'")
1957         }
1958         if field.Index[0] != 1 {
1959                 t.Error("field index should be 1; is", field.Index)
1960         }
1961 }
1962
1963 type FTest struct {
1964         s     interface{}
1965         name  string
1966         index []int
1967         value int
1968 }
1969
1970 type D1 struct {
1971         d int
1972 }
1973 type D2 struct {
1974         d int
1975 }
1976
1977 type S0 struct {
1978         A, B, C int
1979         D1
1980         D2
1981 }
1982
1983 type S1 struct {
1984         B int
1985         S0
1986 }
1987
1988 type S2 struct {
1989         A int
1990         *S1
1991 }
1992
1993 type S1x struct {
1994         S1
1995 }
1996
1997 type S1y struct {
1998         S1
1999 }
2000
2001 type S3 struct {
2002         S1x
2003         S2
2004         D, E int
2005         *S1y
2006 }
2007
2008 type S4 struct {
2009         *S4
2010         A int
2011 }
2012
2013 // The X in S6 and S7 annihilate, but they also block the X in S8.S9.
2014 type S5 struct {
2015         S6
2016         S7
2017         S8
2018 }
2019
2020 type S6 struct {
2021         X int
2022 }
2023
2024 type S7 S6
2025
2026 type S8 struct {
2027         S9
2028 }
2029
2030 type S9 struct {
2031         X int
2032         Y int
2033 }
2034
2035 // The X in S11.S6 and S12.S6 annihilate, but they also block the X in S13.S8.S9.
2036 type S10 struct {
2037         S11
2038         S12
2039         S13
2040 }
2041
2042 type S11 struct {
2043         S6
2044 }
2045
2046 type S12 struct {
2047         S6
2048 }
2049
2050 type S13 struct {
2051         S8
2052 }
2053
2054 // The X in S15.S11.S1 and S16.S11.S1 annihilate.
2055 type S14 struct {
2056         S15
2057         S16
2058 }
2059
2060 type S15 struct {
2061         S11
2062 }
2063
2064 type S16 struct {
2065         S11
2066 }
2067
2068 var fieldTests = []FTest{
2069         {struct{}{}, "", nil, 0},
2070         {struct{}{}, "Foo", nil, 0},
2071         {S0{A: 'a'}, "A", []int{0}, 'a'},
2072         {S0{}, "D", nil, 0},
2073         {S1{S0: S0{A: 'a'}}, "A", []int{1, 0}, 'a'},
2074         {S1{B: 'b'}, "B", []int{0}, 'b'},
2075         {S1{}, "S0", []int{1}, 0},
2076         {S1{S0: S0{C: 'c'}}, "C", []int{1, 2}, 'c'},
2077         {S2{A: 'a'}, "A", []int{0}, 'a'},
2078         {S2{}, "S1", []int{1}, 0},
2079         {S2{S1: &S1{B: 'b'}}, "B", []int{1, 0}, 'b'},
2080         {S2{S1: &S1{S0: S0{C: 'c'}}}, "C", []int{1, 1, 2}, 'c'},
2081         {S2{}, "D", nil, 0},
2082         {S3{}, "S1", nil, 0},
2083         {S3{S2: S2{A: 'a'}}, "A", []int{1, 0}, 'a'},
2084         {S3{}, "B", nil, 0},
2085         {S3{D: 'd'}, "D", []int{2}, 0},
2086         {S3{E: 'e'}, "E", []int{3}, 'e'},
2087         {S4{A: 'a'}, "A", []int{1}, 'a'},
2088         {S4{}, "B", nil, 0},
2089         {S5{}, "X", nil, 0},
2090         {S5{}, "Y", []int{2, 0, 1}, 0},
2091         {S10{}, "X", nil, 0},
2092         {S10{}, "Y", []int{2, 0, 0, 1}, 0},
2093         {S14{}, "X", nil, 0},
2094 }
2095
2096 func TestFieldByIndex(t *testing.T) {
2097         for _, test := range fieldTests {
2098                 s := TypeOf(test.s)
2099                 f := s.FieldByIndex(test.index)
2100                 if f.Name != "" {
2101                         if test.index != nil {
2102                                 if f.Name != test.name {
2103                                         t.Errorf("%s.%s found; want %s", s.Name(), f.Name, test.name)
2104                                 }
2105                         } else {
2106                                 t.Errorf("%s.%s found", s.Name(), f.Name)
2107                         }
2108                 } else if len(test.index) > 0 {
2109                         t.Errorf("%s.%s not found", s.Name(), test.name)
2110                 }
2111
2112                 if test.value != 0 {
2113                         v := ValueOf(test.s).FieldByIndex(test.index)
2114                         if v.IsValid() {
2115                                 if x, ok := v.Interface().(int); ok {
2116                                         if x != test.value {
2117                                                 t.Errorf("%s%v is %d; want %d", s.Name(), test.index, x, test.value)
2118                                         }
2119                                 } else {
2120                                         t.Errorf("%s%v value not an int", s.Name(), test.index)
2121                                 }
2122                         } else {
2123                                 t.Errorf("%s%v value not found", s.Name(), test.index)
2124                         }
2125                 }
2126         }
2127 }
2128
2129 func TestFieldByName(t *testing.T) {
2130         for _, test := range fieldTests {
2131                 s := TypeOf(test.s)
2132                 f, found := s.FieldByName(test.name)
2133                 if found {
2134                         if test.index != nil {
2135                                 // Verify field depth and index.
2136                                 if len(f.Index) != len(test.index) {
2137                                         t.Errorf("%s.%s depth %d; want %d: %v vs %v", s.Name(), test.name, len(f.Index), len(test.index), f.Index, test.index)
2138                                 } else {
2139                                         for i, x := range f.Index {
2140                                                 if x != test.index[i] {
2141                                                         t.Errorf("%s.%s.Index[%d] is %d; want %d", s.Name(), test.name, i, x, test.index[i])
2142                                                 }
2143                                         }
2144                                 }
2145                         } else {
2146                                 t.Errorf("%s.%s found", s.Name(), f.Name)
2147                         }
2148                 } else if len(test.index) > 0 {
2149                         t.Errorf("%s.%s not found", s.Name(), test.name)
2150                 }
2151
2152                 if test.value != 0 {
2153                         v := ValueOf(test.s).FieldByName(test.name)
2154                         if v.IsValid() {
2155                                 if x, ok := v.Interface().(int); ok {
2156                                         if x != test.value {
2157                                                 t.Errorf("%s.%s is %d; want %d", s.Name(), test.name, x, test.value)
2158                                         }
2159                                 } else {
2160                                         t.Errorf("%s.%s value not an int", s.Name(), test.name)
2161                                 }
2162                         } else {
2163                                 t.Errorf("%s.%s value not found", s.Name(), test.name)
2164                         }
2165                 }
2166         }
2167 }
2168
2169 func TestImportPath(t *testing.T) {
2170         tests := []struct {
2171                 t    Type
2172                 path string
2173         }{
2174                 {TypeOf(&base64.Encoding{}).Elem(), "encoding/base64"},
2175                 {TypeOf(int(0)), ""},
2176                 {TypeOf(int8(0)), ""},
2177                 {TypeOf(int16(0)), ""},
2178                 {TypeOf(int32(0)), ""},
2179                 {TypeOf(int64(0)), ""},
2180                 {TypeOf(uint(0)), ""},
2181                 {TypeOf(uint8(0)), ""},
2182                 {TypeOf(uint16(0)), ""},
2183                 {TypeOf(uint32(0)), ""},
2184                 {TypeOf(uint64(0)), ""},
2185                 {TypeOf(uintptr(0)), ""},
2186                 {TypeOf(float32(0)), ""},
2187                 {TypeOf(float64(0)), ""},
2188                 {TypeOf(complex64(0)), ""},
2189                 {TypeOf(complex128(0)), ""},
2190                 {TypeOf(byte(0)), ""},
2191                 {TypeOf(rune(0)), ""},
2192                 {TypeOf([]byte(nil)), ""},
2193                 {TypeOf([]rune(nil)), ""},
2194                 {TypeOf(string("")), ""},
2195                 {TypeOf((*interface{})(nil)).Elem(), ""},
2196                 {TypeOf((*byte)(nil)), ""},
2197                 {TypeOf((*rune)(nil)), ""},
2198                 {TypeOf((*int64)(nil)), ""},
2199                 {TypeOf(map[string]int{}), ""},
2200                 {TypeOf((*error)(nil)).Elem(), ""},
2201         }
2202         for _, test := range tests {
2203                 if path := test.t.PkgPath(); path != test.path {
2204                         t.Errorf("%v.PkgPath() = %q, want %q", test.t, path, test.path)
2205                 }
2206         }
2207 }
2208
2209 func TestVariadicType(t *testing.T) {
2210         // Test example from Type documentation.
2211         var f func(x int, y ...float64)
2212         typ := TypeOf(f)
2213         if typ.NumIn() == 2 && typ.In(0) == TypeOf(int(0)) {
2214                 sl := typ.In(1)
2215                 if sl.Kind() == Slice {
2216                         if sl.Elem() == TypeOf(0.0) {
2217                                 // ok
2218                                 return
2219                         }
2220                 }
2221         }
2222
2223         // Failed
2224         t.Errorf("want NumIn() = 2, In(0) = int, In(1) = []float64")
2225         s := fmt.Sprintf("have NumIn() = %d", typ.NumIn())
2226         for i := 0; i < typ.NumIn(); i++ {
2227                 s += fmt.Sprintf(", In(%d) = %s", i, typ.In(i))
2228         }
2229         t.Error(s)
2230 }
2231
2232 type inner struct {
2233         x int
2234 }
2235
2236 type outer struct {
2237         y int
2238         inner
2239 }
2240
2241 func (*inner) m() {}
2242 func (*outer) m() {}
2243
2244 func TestNestedMethods(t *testing.T) {
2245         t.Skip("fails on gccgo due to function wrappers")
2246         typ := TypeOf((*outer)(nil))
2247         if typ.NumMethod() != 1 || typ.Method(0).Func.Pointer() != ValueOf((*outer).m).Pointer() {
2248                 t.Errorf("Wrong method table for outer: (m=%p)", (*outer).m)
2249                 for i := 0; i < typ.NumMethod(); i++ {
2250                         m := typ.Method(i)
2251                         t.Errorf("\t%d: %s %#x\n", i, m.Name, m.Func.Pointer())
2252                 }
2253         }
2254 }
2255
2256 type InnerInt struct {
2257         X int
2258 }
2259
2260 type OuterInt struct {
2261         Y int
2262         InnerInt
2263 }
2264
2265 func (i *InnerInt) M() int {
2266         return i.X
2267 }
2268
2269 func TestEmbeddedMethods(t *testing.T) {
2270         /* This part of the test fails on gccgo due to function wrappers.
2271         typ := TypeOf((*OuterInt)(nil))
2272         if typ.NumMethod() != 1 || typ.Method(0).Func.Pointer() != ValueOf((*OuterInt).M).Pointer() {
2273                 t.Errorf("Wrong method table for OuterInt: (m=%p)", (*OuterInt).M)
2274                 for i := 0; i < typ.NumMethod(); i++ {
2275                         m := typ.Method(i)
2276                         t.Errorf("\t%d: %s %#x\n", i, m.Name, m.Func.Pointer())
2277                 }
2278         }
2279         */
2280
2281         i := &InnerInt{3}
2282         if v := ValueOf(i).Method(0).Call(nil)[0].Int(); v != 3 {
2283                 t.Errorf("i.M() = %d, want 3", v)
2284         }
2285
2286         o := &OuterInt{1, InnerInt{2}}
2287         if v := ValueOf(o).Method(0).Call(nil)[0].Int(); v != 2 {
2288                 t.Errorf("i.M() = %d, want 2", v)
2289         }
2290
2291         f := (*OuterInt).M
2292         if v := f(o); v != 2 {
2293                 t.Errorf("f(o) = %d, want 2", v)
2294         }
2295 }
2296
2297 func TestPtrTo(t *testing.T) {
2298         var i int
2299
2300         typ := TypeOf(i)
2301         for i = 0; i < 100; i++ {
2302                 typ = PtrTo(typ)
2303         }
2304         for i = 0; i < 100; i++ {
2305                 typ = typ.Elem()
2306         }
2307         if typ != TypeOf(i) {
2308                 t.Errorf("after 100 PtrTo and Elem, have %s, want %s", typ, TypeOf(i))
2309         }
2310 }
2311
2312 func TestPtrToGC(t *testing.T) {
2313         type T *uintptr
2314         tt := TypeOf(T(nil))
2315         pt := PtrTo(tt)
2316         const n = 100
2317         var x []interface{}
2318         for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
2319                 v := New(pt)
2320                 p := new(*uintptr)
2321                 *p = new(uintptr)
2322                 **p = uintptr(i)
2323                 v.Elem().Set(ValueOf(p).Convert(pt))
2324                 x = append(x, v.Interface())
2325         }
2326         runtime.GC()
2327
2328         for i, xi := range x {
2329                 k := ValueOf(xi).Elem().Elem().Elem().Interface().(uintptr)
2330                 if k != uintptr(i) {
2331                         t.Errorf("lost x[%d] = %d, want %d", i, k, i)
2332                 }
2333         }
2334 }
2335
2336 func TestAddr(t *testing.T) {
2337         var p struct {
2338                 X, Y int
2339         }
2340
2341         v := ValueOf(&p)
2342         v = v.Elem()
2343         v = v.Addr()
2344         v = v.Elem()
2345         v = v.Field(0)
2346         v.SetInt(2)
2347         if p.X != 2 {
2348                 t.Errorf("Addr.Elem.Set failed to set value")
2349         }
2350
2351         // Again but take address of the ValueOf value.
2352         // Exercises generation of PtrTypes not present in the binary.
2353         q := &p
2354         v = ValueOf(&q).Elem()
2355         v = v.Addr()
2356         v = v.Elem()
2357         v = v.Elem()
2358         v = v.Addr()
2359         v = v.Elem()
2360         v = v.Field(0)
2361         v.SetInt(3)
2362         if p.X != 3 {
2363                 t.Errorf("Addr.Elem.Set failed to set value")
2364         }
2365
2366         // Starting without pointer we should get changed value
2367         // in interface.
2368         qq := p
2369         v = ValueOf(&qq).Elem()
2370         v0 := v
2371         v = v.Addr()
2372         v = v.Elem()
2373         v = v.Field(0)
2374         v.SetInt(4)
2375         if p.X != 3 { // should be unchanged from last time
2376                 t.Errorf("somehow value Set changed original p")
2377         }
2378         p = v0.Interface().(struct {
2379                 X, Y int
2380         })
2381         if p.X != 4 {
2382                 t.Errorf("Addr.Elem.Set valued to set value in top value")
2383         }
2384
2385         // Verify that taking the address of a type gives us a pointer
2386         // which we can convert back using the usual interface
2387         // notation.
2388         var s struct {
2389                 B *bool
2390         }
2391         ps := ValueOf(&s).Elem().Field(0).Addr().Interface()
2392         *(ps.(**bool)) = new(bool)
2393         if s.B == nil {
2394                 t.Errorf("Addr.Interface direct assignment failed")
2395         }
2396 }
2397
2398 /* gccgo does do allocations here.
2399
2400 func noAlloc(t *testing.T, n int, f func(int)) {
2401         if testing.Short() {
2402                 t.Skip("skipping malloc count in short mode")
2403         }
2404         if runtime.GOMAXPROCS(0) > 1 {
2405                 t.Skip("skipping; GOMAXPROCS>1")
2406         }
2407         i := -1
2408         allocs := testing.AllocsPerRun(n, func() {
2409                 f(i)
2410                 i++
2411         })
2412         if allocs > 0 {
2413                 t.Errorf("%d iterations: got %v mallocs, want 0", n, allocs)
2414         }
2415 }
2416
2417 func TestAllocations(t *testing.T) {
2418         noAlloc(t, 100, func(j int) {
2419                 var i interface{}
2420                 var v Value
2421                 i = 42 + j
2422                 v = ValueOf(i)
2423                 if int(v.Int()) != 42+j {
2424                         panic("wrong int")
2425                 }
2426         })
2427 }
2428
2429 */
2430
2431 func TestSmallNegativeInt(t *testing.T) {
2432         i := int16(-1)
2433         v := ValueOf(i)
2434         if v.Int() != -1 {
2435                 t.Errorf("int16(-1).Int() returned %v", v.Int())
2436         }
2437 }
2438
2439 func TestIndex(t *testing.T) {
2440         xs := []byte{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
2441         v := ValueOf(xs).Index(3).Interface().(byte)
2442         if v != xs[3] {
2443                 t.Errorf("xs.Index(3) = %v; expected %v", v, xs[3])
2444         }
2445         xa := [8]byte{10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80}
2446         v = ValueOf(xa).Index(2).Interface().(byte)
2447         if v != xa[2] {
2448                 t.Errorf("xa.Index(2) = %v; expected %v", v, xa[2])
2449         }
2450         s := "0123456789"
2451         v = ValueOf(s).Index(3).Interface().(byte)
2452         if v != s[3] {
2453                 t.Errorf("s.Index(3) = %v; expected %v", v, s[3])
2454         }
2455 }
2456
2457 func TestSlice(t *testing.T) {
2458         xs := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
2459         v := ValueOf(xs).Slice(3, 5).Interface().([]int)
2460         if len(v) != 2 {
2461                 t.Errorf("len(xs.Slice(3, 5)) = %d", len(v))
2462         }
2463         if cap(v) != 5 {
2464                 t.Errorf("cap(xs.Slice(3, 5)) = %d", cap(v))
2465         }
2466         if !DeepEqual(v[0:5], xs[3:]) {
2467                 t.Errorf("xs.Slice(3, 5)[0:5] = %v", v[0:5])
2468         }
2469         xa := [8]int{10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80}
2470         v = ValueOf(&xa).Elem().Slice(2, 5).Interface().([]int)
2471         if len(v) != 3 {
2472                 t.Errorf("len(xa.Slice(2, 5)) = %d", len(v))
2473         }
2474         if cap(v) != 6 {
2475                 t.Errorf("cap(xa.Slice(2, 5)) = %d", cap(v))
2476         }
2477         if !DeepEqual(v[0:6], xa[2:]) {
2478                 t.Errorf("xs.Slice(2, 5)[0:6] = %v", v[0:6])
2479         }
2480         s := "0123456789"
2481         vs := ValueOf(s).Slice(3, 5).Interface().(string)
2482         if vs != s[3:5] {
2483                 t.Errorf("s.Slice(3, 5) = %q; expected %q", vs, s[3:5])
2484         }
2485 }
2486
2487 func TestSlice3(t *testing.T) {
2488         xs := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
2489         v := ValueOf(xs).Slice3(3, 5, 7).Interface().([]int)
2490         if len(v) != 2 {
2491                 t.Errorf("len(xs.Slice3(3, 5, 7)) = %d", len(v))
2492         }
2493         if cap(v) != 4 {
2494                 t.Errorf("cap(xs.Slice3(3, 5, 7)) = %d", cap(v))
2495         }
2496         if !DeepEqual(v[0:4], xs[3:7:7]) {
2497                 t.Errorf("xs.Slice3(3, 5, 7)[0:4] = %v", v[0:4])
2498         }
2499         rv := ValueOf(&xs).Elem()
2500         shouldPanic(func() { rv.Slice3(1, 2, 1) })
2501         shouldPanic(func() { rv.Slice3(1, 1, 11) })
2502         shouldPanic(func() { rv.Slice3(2, 2, 1) })
2503
2504         xa := [8]int{10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80}
2505         v = ValueOf(&xa).Elem().Slice3(2, 5, 6).Interface().([]int)
2506         if len(v) != 3 {
2507                 t.Errorf("len(xa.Slice(2, 5, 6)) = %d", len(v))
2508         }
2509         if cap(v) != 4 {
2510                 t.Errorf("cap(xa.Slice(2, 5, 6)) = %d", cap(v))
2511         }
2512         if !DeepEqual(v[0:4], xa[2:6:6]) {
2513                 t.Errorf("xs.Slice(2, 5, 6)[0:4] = %v", v[0:4])
2514         }
2515         rv = ValueOf(&xa).Elem()
2516         shouldPanic(func() { rv.Slice3(1, 2, 1) })
2517         shouldPanic(func() { rv.Slice3(1, 1, 11) })
2518         shouldPanic(func() { rv.Slice3(2, 2, 1) })
2519
2520         s := "hello world"
2521         rv = ValueOf(&s).Elem()
2522         shouldPanic(func() { rv.Slice3(1, 2, 3) })
2523 }
2524
2525 func TestSetLenCap(t *testing.T) {
2526         xs := []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8}
2527         xa := [8]int{10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80}
2528
2529         vs := ValueOf(&xs).Elem()
2530         shouldPanic(func() { vs.SetLen(10) })
2531         shouldPanic(func() { vs.SetCap(10) })
2532         shouldPanic(func() { vs.SetLen(-1) })
2533         shouldPanic(func() { vs.SetCap(-1) })
2534         shouldPanic(func() { vs.SetCap(6) }) // smaller than len
2535         vs.SetLen(5)
2536         if len(xs) != 5 || cap(xs) != 8 {
2537                 t.Errorf("after SetLen(5), len, cap = %d, %d, want 5, 8", len(xs), cap(xs))
2538         }
2539         vs.SetCap(6)
2540         if len(xs) != 5 || cap(xs) != 6 {
2541                 t.Errorf("after SetCap(6), len, cap = %d, %d, want 5, 6", len(xs), cap(xs))
2542         }
2543         vs.SetCap(5)
2544         if len(xs) != 5 || cap(xs) != 5 {
2545                 t.Errorf("after SetCap(5), len, cap = %d, %d, want 5, 5", len(xs), cap(xs))
2546         }
2547         shouldPanic(func() { vs.SetCap(4) }) // smaller than len
2548         shouldPanic(func() { vs.SetLen(6) }) // bigger than cap
2549
2550         va := ValueOf(&xa).Elem()
2551         shouldPanic(func() { va.SetLen(8) })
2552         shouldPanic(func() { va.SetCap(8) })
2553 }
2554
2555 func TestVariadic(t *testing.T) {
2556         var b bytes.Buffer
2557         V := ValueOf
2558
2559         b.Reset()
2560         V(fmt.Fprintf).Call([]Value{V(&b), V("%s, %d world"), V("hello"), V(42)})
2561         if b.String() != "hello, 42 world" {
2562                 t.Errorf("after Fprintf Call: %q != %q", b.String(), "hello 42 world")
2563         }
2564
2565         b.Reset()
2566         V(fmt.Fprintf).CallSlice([]Value{V(&b), V("%s, %d world"), V([]interface{}{"hello", 42})})
2567         if b.String() != "hello, 42 world" {
2568                 t.Errorf("after Fprintf CallSlice: %q != %q", b.String(), "hello 42 world")
2569         }
2570 }
2571
2572 func TestFuncArg(t *testing.T) {
2573         f1 := func(i int, f func(int) int) int { return f(i) }
2574         f2 := func(i int) int { return i + 1 }
2575         r := ValueOf(f1).Call([]Value{ValueOf(100), ValueOf(f2)})
2576         if r[0].Int() != 101 {
2577                 t.Errorf("function returned %d, want 101", r[0].Int())
2578         }
2579 }
2580
2581 var tagGetTests = []struct {
2582         Tag   StructTag
2583         Key   string
2584         Value string
2585 }{
2586         {`protobuf:"PB(1,2)"`, `protobuf`, `PB(1,2)`},
2587         {`protobuf:"PB(1,2)"`, `foo`, ``},
2588         {`protobuf:"PB(1,2)"`, `rotobuf`, ``},
2589         {`protobuf:"PB(1,2)" json:"name"`, `json`, `name`},
2590         {`protobuf:"PB(1,2)" json:"name"`, `protobuf`, `PB(1,2)`},
2591 }
2592
2593 func TestTagGet(t *testing.T) {
2594         for _, tt := range tagGetTests {
2595                 if v := tt.Tag.Get(tt.Key); v != tt.Value {
2596                         t.Errorf("StructTag(%#q).Get(%#q) = %#q, want %#q", tt.Tag, tt.Key, v, tt.Value)
2597                 }
2598         }
2599 }
2600
2601 func TestBytes(t *testing.T) {
2602         type B []byte
2603         x := B{1, 2, 3, 4}
2604         y := ValueOf(x).Bytes()
2605         if !bytes.Equal(x, y) {
2606                 t.Fatalf("ValueOf(%v).Bytes() = %v", x, y)
2607         }
2608         if &x[0] != &y[0] {
2609                 t.Errorf("ValueOf(%p).Bytes() = %p", &x[0], &y[0])
2610         }
2611 }
2612
2613 func TestSetBytes(t *testing.T) {
2614         type B []byte
2615         var x B
2616         y := []byte{1, 2, 3, 4}
2617         ValueOf(&x).Elem().SetBytes(y)
2618         if !bytes.Equal(x, y) {
2619                 t.Fatalf("ValueOf(%v).Bytes() = %v", x, y)
2620         }
2621         if &x[0] != &y[0] {
2622                 t.Errorf("ValueOf(%p).Bytes() = %p", &x[0], &y[0])
2623         }
2624 }
2625
2626 type Private struct {
2627         x int
2628         y **int
2629 }
2630
2631 func (p *Private) m() {
2632 }
2633
2634 type Public struct {
2635         X int
2636         Y **int
2637 }
2638
2639 func (p *Public) M() {
2640 }
2641
2642 func TestUnexported(t *testing.T) {
2643         var pub Public
2644         v := ValueOf(&pub)
2645         isValid(v.Elem().Field(0))
2646         isValid(v.Elem().Field(1))
2647         isValid(v.Elem().FieldByName("X"))
2648         isValid(v.Elem().FieldByName("Y"))
2649         isValid(v.Type().Method(0).Func)
2650         isNonNil(v.Elem().Field(0).Interface())
2651         isNonNil(v.Elem().Field(1).Interface())
2652         isNonNil(v.Elem().FieldByName("X").Interface())
2653         isNonNil(v.Elem().FieldByName("Y").Interface())
2654         isNonNil(v.Type().Method(0).Func.Interface())
2655
2656         var priv Private
2657         v = ValueOf(&priv)
2658         isValid(v.Elem().Field(0))
2659         isValid(v.Elem().Field(1))
2660         isValid(v.Elem().FieldByName("x"))
2661         isValid(v.Elem().FieldByName("y"))
2662         isValid(v.Type().Method(0).Func)
2663         shouldPanic(func() { v.Elem().Field(0).Interface() })
2664         shouldPanic(func() { v.Elem().Field(1).Interface() })
2665         shouldPanic(func() { v.Elem().FieldByName("x").Interface() })
2666         shouldPanic(func() { v.Elem().FieldByName("y").Interface() })
2667         shouldPanic(func() { v.Type().Method(0).Func.Interface() })
2668 }
2669
2670 func shouldPanic(f func()) {
2671         defer func() {
2672                 if recover() == nil {
2673                         panic("did not panic")
2674                 }
2675         }()
2676         f()
2677 }
2678
2679 func isNonNil(x interface{}) {
2680         if x == nil {
2681                 panic("nil interface")
2682         }
2683 }
2684
2685 func isValid(v Value) {
2686         if !v.IsValid() {
2687                 panic("zero Value")
2688         }
2689 }
2690
2691 func TestAlias(t *testing.T) {
2692         x := string("hello")
2693         v := ValueOf(&x).Elem()
2694         oldvalue := v.Interface()
2695         v.SetString("world")
2696         newvalue := v.Interface()
2697
2698         if oldvalue != "hello" || newvalue != "world" {
2699                 t.Errorf("aliasing: old=%q new=%q, want hello, world", oldvalue, newvalue)
2700         }
2701 }
2702
2703 var V = ValueOf
2704
2705 func EmptyInterfaceV(x interface{}) Value {
2706         return ValueOf(&x).Elem()
2707 }
2708
2709 func ReaderV(x io.Reader) Value {
2710         return ValueOf(&x).Elem()
2711 }
2712
2713 func ReadWriterV(x io.ReadWriter) Value {
2714         return ValueOf(&x).Elem()
2715 }
2716
2717 type Empty struct{}
2718 type MyString string
2719 type MyBytes []byte
2720 type MyRunes []int32
2721 type MyFunc func()
2722 type MyByte byte
2723
2724 var convertTests = []struct {
2725         in  Value
2726         out Value
2727 }{
2728         // numbers
2729         /*
2730                 Edit .+1,/\*\//-1>cat >/tmp/x.go && go run /tmp/x.go
2731
2732                 package main
2733
2734                 import "fmt"
2735
2736                 var numbers = []string{
2737                         "int8", "uint8", "int16", "uint16",
2738                         "int32", "uint32", "int64", "uint64",
2739                         "int", "uint", "uintptr",
2740                         "float32", "float64",
2741                 }
2742
2743                 func main() {
2744                         // all pairs but in an unusual order,
2745                         // to emit all the int8, uint8 cases
2746                         // before n grows too big.
2747                         n := 1
2748                         for i, f := range numbers {
2749                                 for _, g := range numbers[i:] {
2750                                         fmt.Printf("\t{V(%s(%d)), V(%s(%d))},\n", f, n, g, n)
2751                                         n++
2752                                         if f != g {
2753                                                 fmt.Printf("\t{V(%s(%d)), V(%s(%d))},\n", g, n, f, n)
2754                                                 n++
2755                                         }
2756                                 }
2757                         }
2758                 }
2759         */
2760         {V(int8(1)), V(int8(1))},
2761         {V(int8(2)), V(uint8(2))},
2762         {V(uint8(3)), V(int8(3))},
2763         {V(int8(4)), V(int16(4))},
2764         {V(int16(5)), V(int8(5))},
2765         {V(int8(6)), V(uint16(6))},
2766         {V(uint16(7)), V(int8(7))},
2767         {V(int8(8)), V(int32(8))},
2768         {V(int32(9)), V(int8(9))},
2769         {V(int8(10)), V(uint32(10))},
2770         {V(uint32(11)), V(int8(11))},
2771         {V(int8(12)), V(int64(12))},
2772         {V(int64(13)), V(int8(13))},
2773         {V(int8(14)), V(uint64(14))},
2774         {V(uint64(15)), V(int8(15))},
2775         {V(int8(16)), V(int(16))},
2776         {V(int(17)), V(int8(17))},
2777         {V(int8(18)), V(uint(18))},
2778         {V(uint(19)), V(int8(19))},
2779         {V(int8(20)), V(uintptr(20))},
2780         {V(uintptr(21)), V(int8(21))},
2781         {V(int8(22)), V(float32(22))},
2782         {V(float32(23)), V(int8(23))},
2783         {V(int8(24)), V(float64(24))},
2784         {V(float64(25)), V(int8(25))},
2785         {V(uint8(26)), V(uint8(26))},
2786         {V(uint8(27)), V(int16(27))},
2787         {V(int16(28)), V(uint8(28))},
2788         {V(uint8(29)), V(uint16(29))},
2789         {V(uint16(30)), V(uint8(30))},
2790         {V(uint8(31)), V(int32(31))},
2791         {V(int32(32)), V(uint8(32))},
2792         {V(uint8(33)), V(uint32(33))},
2793         {V(uint32(34)), V(uint8(34))},
2794         {V(uint8(35)), V(int64(35))},
2795         {V(int64(36)), V(uint8(36))},
2796         {V(uint8(37)), V(uint64(37))},
2797         {V(uint64(38)), V(uint8(38))},
2798         {V(uint8(39)), V(int(39))},
2799         {V(int(40)), V(uint8(40))},
2800         {V(uint8(41)), V(uint(41))},
2801         {V(uint(42)), V(uint8(42))},
2802         {V(uint8(43)), V(uintptr(43))},
2803         {V(uintptr(44)), V(uint8(44))},
2804         {V(uint8(45)), V(float32(45))},
2805         {V(float32(46)), V(uint8(46))},
2806         {V(uint8(47)), V(float64(47))},
2807         {V(float64(48)), V(uint8(48))},
2808         {V(int16(49)), V(int16(49))},
2809         {V(int16(50)), V(uint16(50))},
2810         {V(uint16(51)), V(int16(51))},
2811         {V(int16(52)), V(int32(52))},
2812         {V(int32(53)), V(int16(53))},
2813         {V(int16(54)), V(uint32(54))},
2814         {V(uint32(55)), V(int16(55))},
2815         {V(int16(56)), V(int64(56))},
2816         {V(int64(57)), V(int16(57))},
2817         {V(int16(58)), V(uint64(58))},
2818         {V(uint64(59)), V(int16(59))},
2819         {V(int16(60)), V(int(60))},
2820         {V(int(61)), V(int16(61))},
2821         {V(int16(62)), V(uint(62))},
2822         {V(uint(63)), V(int16(63))},
2823         {V(int16(64)), V(uintptr(64))},
2824         {V(uintptr(65)), V(int16(65))},
2825         {V(int16(66)), V(float32(66))},
2826         {V(float32(67)), V(int16(67))},
2827         {V(int16(68)), V(float64(68))},
2828         {V(float64(69)), V(int16(69))},
2829         {V(uint16(70)), V(uint16(70))},
2830         {V(uint16(71)), V(int32(71))},
2831         {V(int32(72)), V(uint16(72))},
2832         {V(uint16(73)), V(uint32(73))},
2833         {V(uint32(74)), V(uint16(74))},
2834         {V(uint16(75)), V(int64(75))},
2835         {V(int64(76)), V(uint16(76))},
2836         {V(uint16(77)), V(uint64(77))},
2837         {V(uint64(78)), V(uint16(78))},
2838         {V(uint16(79)), V(int(79))},
2839         {V(int(80)), V(uint16(80))},
2840         {V(uint16(81)), V(uint(81))},
2841         {V(uint(82)), V(uint16(82))},
2842         {V(uint16(83)), V(uintptr(83))},
2843         {V(uintptr(84)), V(uint16(84))},
2844         {V(uint16(85)), V(float32(85))},
2845         {V(float32(86)), V(uint16(86))},
2846         {V(uint16(87)), V(float64(87))},
2847         {V(float64(88)), V(uint16(88))},
2848         {V(int32(89)), V(int32(89))},
2849         {V(int32(90)), V(uint32(90))},
2850         {V(uint32(91)), V(int32(91))},
2851         {V(int32(92)), V(int64(92))},
2852         {V(int64(93)), V(int32(93))},
2853         {V(int32(94)), V(uint64(94))},
2854         {V(uint64(95)), V(int32(95))},
2855         {V(int32(96)), V(int(96))},
2856         {V(int(97)), V(int32(97))},
2857         {V(int32(98)), V(uint(98))},
2858         {V(uint(99)), V(int32(99))},
2859         {V(int32(100)), V(uintptr(100))},
2860         {V(uintptr(101)), V(int32(101))},
2861         {V(int32(102)), V(float32(102))},
2862         {V(float32(103)), V(int32(103))},
2863         {V(int32(104)), V(float64(104))},
2864         {V(float64(105)), V(int32(105))},
2865         {V(uint32(106)), V(uint32(106))},
2866         {V(uint32(107)), V(int64(107))},
2867         {V(int64(108)), V(uint32(108))},
2868         {V(uint32(109)), V(uint64(109))},
2869         {V(uint64(110)), V(uint32(110))},
2870         {V(uint32(111)), V(int(111))},
2871         {V(int(112)), V(uint32(112))},
2872         {V(uint32(113)), V(uint(113))},
2873         {V(uint(114)), V(uint32(114))},
2874         {V(uint32(115)), V(uintptr(115))},
2875         {V(uintptr(116)), V(uint32(116))},
2876         {V(uint32(117)), V(float32(117))},
2877         {V(float32(118)), V(uint32(118))},
2878         {V(uint32(119)), V(float64(119))},
2879         {V(float64(120)), V(uint32(120))},
2880         {V(int64(121)), V(int64(121))},
2881         {V(int64(122)), V(uint64(122))},
2882         {V(uint64(123)), V(int64(123))},
2883         {V(int64(124)), V(int(124))},
2884         {V(int(125)), V(int64(125))},
2885         {V(int64(126)), V(uint(126))},
2886         {V(uint(127)), V(int64(127))},
2887         {V(int64(128)), V(uintptr(128))},
2888         {V(uintptr(129)), V(int64(129))},
2889         {V(int64(130)), V(float32(130))},
2890         {V(float32(131)), V(int64(131))},
2891         {V(int64(132)), V(float64(132))},
2892         {V(float64(133)), V(int64(133))},
2893         {V(uint64(134)), V(uint64(134))},
2894         {V(uint64(135)), V(int(135))},
2895         {V(int(136)), V(uint64(136))},
2896         {V(uint64(137)), V(uint(137))},
2897         {V(uint(138)), V(uint64(138))},
2898         {V(uint64(139)), V(uintptr(139))},
2899         {V(uintptr(140)), V(uint64(140))},
2900         {V(uint64(141)), V(float32(141))},
2901         {V(float32(142)), V(uint64(142))},
2902         {V(uint64(143)), V(float64(143))},
2903         {V(float64(144)), V(uint64(144))},
2904         {V(int(145)), V(int(145))},
2905         {V(int(146)), V(uint(146))},
2906         {V(uint(147)), V(int(147))},
2907         {V(int(148)), V(uintptr(148))},
2908         {V(uintptr(149)), V(int(149))},
2909         {V(int(150)), V(float32(150))},
2910         {V(float32(151)), V(int(151))},
2911         {V(int(152)), V(float64(152))},
2912         {V(float64(153)), V(int(153))},
2913         {V(uint(154)), V(uint(154))},
2914         {V(uint(155)), V(uintptr(155))},
2915         {V(uintptr(156)), V(uint(156))},
2916         {V(uint(157)), V(float32(157))},
2917         {V(float32(158)), V(uint(158))},
2918         {V(uint(159)), V(float64(159))},
2919         {V(float64(160)), V(uint(160))},
2920         {V(uintptr(161)), V(uintptr(161))},
2921         {V(uintptr(162)), V(float32(162))},
2922         {V(float32(163)), V(uintptr(163))},
2923         {V(uintptr(164)), V(float64(164))},
2924         {V(float64(165)), V(uintptr(165))},
2925         {V(float32(166)), V(float32(166))},
2926         {V(float32(167)), V(float64(167))},
2927         {V(float64(168)), V(float32(168))},
2928         {V(float64(169)), V(float64(169))},
2929
2930         // truncation
2931         {V(float64(1.5)), V(int(1))},
2932
2933         // complex
2934         {V(complex64(1i)), V(complex64(1i))},
2935         {V(complex64(2i)), V(complex128(2i))},
2936         {V(complex128(3i)), V(complex64(3i))},
2937         {V(complex128(4i)), V(complex128(4i))},
2938
2939         // string
2940         {V(string("hello")), V(string("hello"))},
2941         {V(string("bytes1")), V([]byte("bytes1"))},
2942         {V([]byte("bytes2")), V(string("bytes2"))},
2943         {V([]byte("bytes3")), V([]byte("bytes3"))},
2944         {V(string("runes♝")), V([]rune("runes♝"))},
2945         {V([]rune("runes♕")), V(string("runes♕"))},
2946         {V([]rune("runes🙈🙉🙊")), V([]rune("runes🙈🙉🙊"))},
2947         {V(int('a')), V(string("a"))},
2948         {V(int8('a')), V(string("a"))},
2949         {V(int16('a')), V(string("a"))},
2950         {V(int32('a')), V(string("a"))},
2951         {V(int64('a')), V(string("a"))},
2952         {V(uint('a')), V(string("a"))},
2953         {V(uint8('a')), V(string("a"))},
2954         {V(uint16('a')), V(string("a"))},
2955         {V(uint32('a')), V(string("a"))},
2956         {V(uint64('a')), V(string("a"))},
2957         {V(uintptr('a')), V(string("a"))},
2958         {V(int(-1)), V(string("\uFFFD"))},
2959         {V(int8(-2)), V(string("\uFFFD"))},
2960         {V(int16(-3)), V(string("\uFFFD"))},
2961         {V(int32(-4)), V(string("\uFFFD"))},
2962         {V(int64(-5)), V(string("\uFFFD"))},
2963         {V(uint(0x110001)), V(string("\uFFFD"))},
2964         {V(uint32(0x110002)), V(string("\uFFFD"))},
2965         {V(uint64(0x110003)), V(string("\uFFFD"))},
2966         {V(uintptr(0x110004)), V(string("\uFFFD"))},
2967
2968         // named string
2969         {V(MyString("hello")), V(string("hello"))},
2970         {V(string("hello")), V(MyString("hello"))},
2971         {V(string("hello")), V(string("hello"))},
2972         {V(MyString("hello")), V(MyString("hello"))},
2973         {V(MyString("bytes1")), V([]byte("bytes1"))},
2974         {V([]byte("bytes2")), V(MyString("bytes2"))},
2975         {V([]byte("bytes3")), V([]byte("bytes3"))},
2976         {V(MyString("runes♝")), V([]rune("runes♝"))},
2977         {V([]rune("runes♕")), V(MyString("runes♕"))},
2978         {V([]rune("runes🙈🙉🙊")), V([]rune("runes🙈🙉🙊"))},
2979         {V([]rune("runes🙈🙉🙊")), V(MyRunes("runes🙈🙉🙊"))},
2980         {V(MyRunes("runes🙈🙉🙊")), V([]rune("runes🙈🙉🙊"))},
2981         {V(int('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2982         {V(int8('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2983         {V(int16('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2984         {V(int32('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2985         {V(int64('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2986         {V(uint('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2987         {V(uint8('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2988         {V(uint16('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2989         {V(uint32('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2990         {V(uint64('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2991         {V(uintptr('a')), V(MyString("a"))},
2992         {V(int(-1)), V(MyString("\uFFFD"))},
2993         {V(int8(-2)), V(MyString("\uFFFD"))},
2994         {V(int16(-3)), V(MyString("\uFFFD"))},
2995         {V(int32(-4)), V(MyString("\uFFFD"))},
2996         {V(int64(-5)), V(MyString("\uFFFD"))},
2997         {V(uint(0x110001)), V(MyString("\uFFFD"))},
2998         {V(uint32(0x110002)), V(MyString("\uFFFD"))},
2999         {V(uint64(0x110003)), V(MyString("\uFFFD"))},
3000         {V(uintptr(0x110004)), V(MyString("\uFFFD"))},
3001
3002         // named []byte
3003         {V(string("bytes1")), V(MyBytes("bytes1"))},
3004         {V(MyBytes("bytes2")), V(string("bytes2"))},
3005         {V(MyBytes("bytes3")), V(MyBytes("bytes3"))},
3006         {V(MyString("bytes1")), V(MyBytes("bytes1"))},
3007         {V(MyBytes("bytes2")), V(MyString("bytes2"))},
3008
3009         // named []rune
3010         {V(string("runes♝")), V(MyRunes("runes♝"))},
3011         {V(MyRunes("runes♕")), V(string("runes♕"))},
3012         {V(MyRunes("runes🙈🙉🙊")), V(MyRunes("runes🙈🙉🙊"))},
3013         {V(MyString("runes♝")), V(MyRunes("runes♝"))},
3014         {V(MyRunes("runes♕")), V(MyString("runes♕"))},
3015
3016         // named types and equal underlying types
3017         {V(new(int)), V(new(integer))},
3018         {V(new(integer)), V(new(int))},
3019         {V(Empty{}), V(struct{}{})},
3020         {V(new(Empty)), V(new(struct{}))},
3021         {V(struct{}{}), V(Empty{})},
3022         {V(new(struct{})), V(new(Empty))},
3023         {V(Empty{}), V(Empty{})},
3024         {V(MyBytes{}), V([]byte{})},
3025         {V([]byte{}), V(MyBytes{})},
3026         {V((func())(nil)), V(MyFunc(nil))},
3027         {V((MyFunc)(nil)), V((func())(nil))},
3028
3029         // can convert *byte and *MyByte
3030         {V((*byte)(nil)), V((*MyByte)(nil))},
3031         {V((*MyByte)(nil)), V((*byte)(nil))},
3032
3033         // cannot convert mismatched array sizes
3034         {V([2]byte{}), V([2]byte{})},
3035         {V([3]byte{}), V([3]byte{})},
3036
3037         // cannot convert other instances
3038         {V((**byte)(nil)), V((**byte)(nil))},
3039         {V((**MyByte)(nil)), V((**MyByte)(nil))},
3040         {V((chan byte)(nil)), V((chan byte)(nil))},
3041         {V((chan MyByte)(nil)), V((chan MyByte)(nil))},
3042         {V(([]byte)(nil)), V(([]byte)(nil))},
3043         {V(([]MyByte)(nil)), V(([]MyByte)(nil))},
3044         {V((map[int]byte)(nil)), V((map[int]byte)(nil))},
3045         {V((map[int]MyByte)(nil)), V((map[int]MyByte)(nil))},
3046         {V((map[byte]int)(nil)), V((map[byte]int)(nil))},
3047         {V((map[MyByte]int)(nil)), V((map[MyByte]int)(nil))},
3048         {V([2]byte{}), V([2]byte{})},
3049         {V([2]MyByte{}), V([2]MyByte{})},
3050
3051         // other
3052         {V((***int)(nil)), V((***int)(nil))},
3053         {V((***byte)(nil)), V((***byte)(nil))},
3054         {V((***int32)(nil)), V((***int32)(nil))},
3055         {V((***int64)(nil)), V((***int64)(nil))},
3056         {V((chan int)(nil)), V((<-chan int)(nil))},
3057         {V((chan int)(nil)), V((chan<- int)(nil))},
3058         {V((chan string)(nil)), V((<-chan string)(nil))},
3059         {V((chan string)(nil)), V((chan<- string)(nil))},
3060         {V((chan byte)(nil)), V((chan byte)(nil))},
3061         {V((chan MyByte)(nil)), V((chan MyByte)(nil))},
3062         {V((map[int]bool)(nil)), V((map[int]bool)(nil))},
3063         {V((map[int]byte)(nil)), V((map[int]byte)(nil))},
3064         {V((map[uint]bool)(nil)), V((map[uint]bool)(nil))},
3065         {V([]uint(nil)), V([]uint(nil))},
3066         {V([]int(nil)), V([]int(nil))},
3067         {V(new(interface{})), V(new(interface{}))},
3068         {V(new(io.Reader)), V(new(io.Reader))},
3069         {V(new(io.Writer)), V(new(io.Writer))},
3070
3071         // interfaces
3072         {V(int(1)), EmptyInterfaceV(int(1))},
3073         {V(string("hello")), EmptyInterfaceV(string("hello"))},
3074         {V(new(bytes.Buffer)), ReaderV(new(bytes.Buffer))},
3075         {ReadWriterV(new(bytes.Buffer)), ReaderV(new(bytes.Buffer))},
3076         {V(new(bytes.Buffer)), ReadWriterV(new(bytes.Buffer))},
3077 }
3078
3079 func TestConvert(t *testing.T) {
3080         canConvert := map[[2]Type]bool{}
3081         all := map[Type]bool{}
3082
3083         for _, tt := range convertTests {
3084                 t1 := tt.in.Type()
3085                 if !t1.ConvertibleTo(t1) {
3086                         t.Errorf("(%s).ConvertibleTo(%s) = false, want true", t1, t1)
3087                         continue
3088                 }
3089
3090                 t2 := tt.out.Type()
3091                 if !t1.ConvertibleTo(t2) {
3092                         t.Errorf("(%s).ConvertibleTo(%s) = false, want true", t1, t2)
3093                         continue
3094                 }
3095
3096                 all[t1] = true
3097                 all[t2] = true
3098                 canConvert[[2]Type{t1, t2}] = true
3099
3100                 // vout1 represents the in value converted to the in type.
3101                 v1 := tt.in
3102                 vout1 := v1.Convert(t1)
3103                 out1 := vout1.Interface()
3104                 if vout1.Type() != tt.in.Type() || !DeepEqual(out1, tt.in.Interface()) {
3105                         t.Errorf("ValueOf(%T(%[1]v)).Convert(%s) = %T(%[3]v), want %T(%[4]v)", tt.in.Interface(), t1, out1, tt.in.Interface())
3106                 }
3107
3108                 // vout2 represents the in value converted to the out type.
3109                 vout2 := v1.Convert(t2)
3110                 out2 := vout2.Interface()
3111                 if vout2.Type() != tt.out.Type() || !DeepEqual(out2, tt.out.Interface()) {
3112                         t.Errorf("ValueOf(%T(%[1]v)).Convert(%s) = %T(%[3]v), want %T(%[4]v)", tt.in.Interface(), t2, out2, tt.out.Interface())
3113                 }
3114
3115                 // vout3 represents a new value of the out type, set to vout2.  This makes
3116                 // sure the converted value vout2 is really usable as a regular value.
3117                 vout3 := New(t2).Elem()
3118                 vout3.Set(vout2)
3119                 out3 := vout3.Interface()
3120                 if vout3.Type() != tt.out.Type() || !DeepEqual(out3, tt.out.Interface()) {
3121                         t.Errorf("Set(ValueOf(%T(%[1]v)).Convert(%s)) = %T(%[3]v), want %T(%[4]v)", tt.in.Interface(), t2, out3, tt.out.Interface())
3122                 }
3123
3124                 if IsRO(v1) {
3125                         t.Errorf("table entry %v is RO, should not be", v1)
3126                 }
3127                 if IsRO(vout1) {
3128                         t.Errorf("self-conversion output %v is RO, should not be", vout1)
3129                 }
3130                 if IsRO(vout2) {
3131                         t.Errorf("conversion output %v is RO, should not be", vout2)
3132                 }
3133                 if IsRO(vout3) {
3134                         t.Errorf("set(conversion output) %v is RO, should not be", vout3)
3135                 }
3136                 if !IsRO(MakeRO(v1).Convert(t1)) {
3137                         t.Errorf("RO self-conversion output %v is not RO, should be", v1)
3138                 }
3139                 if !IsRO(MakeRO(v1).Convert(t2)) {
3140                         t.Errorf("RO conversion output %v is not RO, should be", v1)
3141                 }
3142         }
3143
3144         // Assume that of all the types we saw during the tests,
3145         // if there wasn't an explicit entry for a conversion between
3146         // a pair of types, then it's not to be allowed. This checks for
3147         // things like 'int64' converting to '*int'.
3148         for t1 := range all {
3149                 for t2 := range all {
3150                         expectOK := t1 == t2 || canConvert[[2]Type{t1, t2}] || t2.Kind() == Interface && t2.NumMethod() == 0
3151                         if ok := t1.ConvertibleTo(t2); ok != expectOK {
3152                                 t.Errorf("(%s).ConvertibleTo(%s) = %v, want %v", t1, t2, ok, expectOK)
3153                         }
3154                 }
3155         }
3156 }
3157
3158 func TestOverflow(t *testing.T) {
3159         if ovf := V(float64(0)).OverflowFloat(1e300); ovf {
3160                 t.Errorf("%v wrongly overflows float64", 1e300)
3161         }
3162
3163         maxFloat32 := float64((1<<24 - 1) << (127 - 23))
3164         if ovf := V(float32(0)).OverflowFloat(maxFloat32); ovf {
3165                 t.Errorf("%v wrongly overflows float32", maxFloat32)
3166         }
3167         ovfFloat32 := float64((1<<24-1)<<(127-23) + 1<<(127-52))
3168         if ovf := V(float32(0)).OverflowFloat(ovfFloat32); !ovf {
3169                 t.Errorf("%v should overflow float32", ovfFloat32)
3170         }
3171         if ovf := V(float32(0)).OverflowFloat(-ovfFloat32); !ovf {
3172                 t.Errorf("%v should overflow float32", -ovfFloat32)
3173         }
3174
3175         maxInt32 := int64(0x7fffffff)
3176         if ovf := V(int32(0)).OverflowInt(maxInt32); ovf {
3177                 t.Errorf("%v wrongly overflows int32", maxInt32)
3178         }
3179         if ovf := V(int32(0)).OverflowInt(-1 << 31); ovf {
3180                 t.Errorf("%v wrongly overflows int32", -int64(1)<<31)
3181         }
3182         ovfInt32 := int64(1 << 31)
3183         if ovf := V(int32(0)).OverflowInt(ovfInt32); !ovf {
3184                 t.Errorf("%v should overflow int32", ovfInt32)
3185         }
3186
3187         maxUint32 := uint64(0xffffffff)
3188         if ovf := V(uint32(0)).OverflowUint(maxUint32); ovf {
3189                 t.Errorf("%v wrongly overflows uint32", maxUint32)
3190         }
3191         ovfUint32 := uint64(1 << 32)
3192         if ovf := V(uint32(0)).OverflowUint(ovfUint32); !ovf {
3193                 t.Errorf("%v should overflow uint32", ovfUint32)
3194         }
3195 }
3196
3197 func checkSameType(t *testing.T, x, y interface{}) {
3198         if TypeOf(x) != TypeOf(y) {
3199                 t.Errorf("did not find preexisting type for %s (vs %s)", TypeOf(x), TypeOf(y))
3200         }
3201 }
3202
3203 func TestArrayOf(t *testing.T) {
3204         // check construction and use of type not in binary
3205         type T int
3206         at := ArrayOf(10, TypeOf(T(1)))
3207         v := New(at).Elem()
3208         for i := 0; i < v.Len(); i++ {
3209                 v.Index(i).Set(ValueOf(T(i)))
3210         }
3211         s := fmt.Sprint(v.Interface())
3212         want := "[0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]"
3213         if s != want {
3214                 t.Errorf("constructed array = %s, want %s", s, want)
3215         }
3216
3217         // check that type already in binary is found
3218         checkSameType(t, Zero(ArrayOf(5, TypeOf(T(1)))).Interface(), [5]T{})
3219 }
3220
3221 func TestSliceOf(t *testing.T) {
3222         // check construction and use of type not in binary
3223         type T int
3224         st := SliceOf(TypeOf(T(1)))
3225         v := MakeSlice(st, 10, 10)
3226         runtime.GC()
3227         for i := 0; i < v.Len(); i++ {
3228                 v.Index(i).Set(ValueOf(T(i)))
3229                 runtime.GC()
3230         }
3231         s := fmt.Sprint(v.Interface())
3232         want := "[0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9]"
3233         if s != want {
3234                 t.Errorf("constructed slice = %s, want %s", s, want)
3235         }
3236
3237         // check that type already in binary is found
3238         type T1 int
3239         checkSameType(t, Zero(SliceOf(TypeOf(T1(1)))).Interface(), []T1{})
3240 }
3241
3242 func TestSliceOverflow(t *testing.T) {
3243         // check that MakeSlice panics when size of slice overflows uint
3244         const S = 1e6
3245         s := uint(S)
3246         l := (1<<(unsafe.Sizeof((*byte)(nil))*8)-1)/s + 1
3247         if l*s >= s {
3248                 t.Fatal("slice size does not overflow")
3249         }
3250         var x [S]byte
3251         st := SliceOf(TypeOf(x))
3252         defer func() {
3253                 err := recover()
3254                 if err == nil {
3255                         t.Fatal("slice overflow does not panic")
3256                 }
3257         }()
3258         MakeSlice(st, int(l), int(l))
3259 }
3260
3261 func TestSliceOfGC(t *testing.T) {
3262         type T *uintptr
3263         tt := TypeOf(T(nil))
3264         st := SliceOf(tt)
3265         const n = 100
3266         var x []interface{}
3267         for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
3268                 v := MakeSlice(st, n, n)
3269                 for j := 0; j < v.Len(); j++ {
3270                         p := new(uintptr)
3271                         *p = uintptr(i*n + j)
3272                         v.Index(j).Set(ValueOf(p).Convert(tt))
3273                 }
3274                 x = append(x, v.Interface())
3275         }
3276         runtime.GC()
3277
3278         for i, xi := range x {
3279                 v := ValueOf(xi)
3280                 for j := 0; j < v.Len(); j++ {
3281                         k := v.Index(j).Elem().Interface()
3282                         if k != uintptr(i*n+j) {
3283                                 t.Errorf("lost x[%d][%d] = %d, want %d", i, j, k, i*n+j)
3284                         }
3285                 }
3286         }
3287 }
3288
3289 func TestChanOf(t *testing.T) {
3290         // check construction and use of type not in binary
3291         type T string
3292         ct := ChanOf(BothDir, TypeOf(T("")))
3293         v := MakeChan(ct, 2)
3294         runtime.GC()
3295         v.Send(ValueOf(T("hello")))
3296         runtime.GC()
3297         v.Send(ValueOf(T("world")))
3298         runtime.GC()
3299
3300         sv1, _ := v.Recv()
3301         sv2, _ := v.Recv()
3302         s1 := sv1.String()
3303         s2 := sv2.String()
3304         if s1 != "hello" || s2 != "world" {
3305                 t.Errorf("constructed chan: have %q, %q, want %q, %q", s1, s2, "hello", "world")
3306         }
3307
3308         // check that type already in binary is found
3309         type T1 int
3310         checkSameType(t, Zero(ChanOf(BothDir, TypeOf(T1(1)))).Interface(), (chan T1)(nil))
3311 }
3312
3313 func TestChanOfGC(t *testing.T) {
3314         done := make(chan bool, 1)
3315         go func() {
3316                 select {
3317                 case <-done:
3318                 case <-time.After(5 * time.Second):
3319                         panic("deadlock in TestChanOfGC")
3320                 }
3321         }()
3322
3323         defer func() {
3324                 done <- true
3325         }()
3326
3327         type T *uintptr
3328         tt := TypeOf(T(nil))
3329         ct := ChanOf(BothDir, tt)
3330
3331         // NOTE: The garbage collector handles allocated channels specially,
3332         // so we have to save pointers to channels in x; the pointer code will
3333         // use the gc info in the newly constructed chan type.
3334         const n = 100
3335         var x []interface{}
3336         for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
3337                 v := MakeChan(ct, n)
3338                 for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
3339                         p := new(uintptr)
3340                         *p = uintptr(i*n + j)
3341                         v.Send(ValueOf(p).Convert(tt))
3342                 }
3343                 pv := New(ct)
3344                 pv.Elem().Set(v)
3345                 x = append(x, pv.Interface())
3346         }
3347         runtime.GC()
3348
3349         for i, xi := range x {
3350                 v := ValueOf(xi).Elem()
3351                 for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
3352                         pv, _ := v.Recv()
3353                         k := pv.Elem().Interface()
3354                         if k != uintptr(i*n+j) {
3355                                 t.Errorf("lost x[%d][%d] = %d, want %d", i, j, k, i*n+j)
3356                         }
3357                 }
3358         }
3359 }
3360
3361 func TestMapOf(t *testing.T) {
3362         // check construction and use of type not in binary
3363         type K string
3364         type V float64
3365
3366         v := MakeMap(MapOf(TypeOf(K("")), TypeOf(V(0))))
3367         runtime.GC()
3368         v.SetMapIndex(ValueOf(K("a")), ValueOf(V(1)))
3369         runtime.GC()
3370
3371         s := fmt.Sprint(v.Interface())
3372         want := "map[a:1]"
3373         if s != want {
3374                 t.Errorf("constructed map = %s, want %s", s, want)
3375         }
3376
3377         // check that type already in binary is found
3378         checkSameType(t, Zero(MapOf(TypeOf(V(0)), TypeOf(K("")))).Interface(), map[V]K(nil))
3379
3380         // check that invalid key type panics
3381         shouldPanic(func() { MapOf(TypeOf((func())(nil)), TypeOf(false)) })
3382 }
3383
3384 func TestMapOfGCKeys(t *testing.T) {
3385         type T *uintptr
3386         tt := TypeOf(T(nil))
3387         mt := MapOf(tt, TypeOf(false))
3388
3389         // NOTE: The garbage collector handles allocated maps specially,
3390         // so we have to save pointers to maps in x; the pointer code will
3391         // use the gc info in the newly constructed map type.
3392         const n = 100
3393         var x []interface{}
3394         for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
3395                 v := MakeMap(mt)
3396                 for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
3397                         p := new(uintptr)
3398                         *p = uintptr(i*n + j)
3399                         v.SetMapIndex(ValueOf(p).Convert(tt), ValueOf(true))
3400                 }
3401                 pv := New(mt)
3402                 pv.Elem().Set(v)
3403                 x = append(x, pv.Interface())
3404         }
3405         runtime.GC()
3406
3407         for i, xi := range x {
3408                 v := ValueOf(xi).Elem()
3409                 var out []int
3410                 for _, kv := range v.MapKeys() {
3411                         out = append(out, int(kv.Elem().Interface().(uintptr)))
3412                 }
3413                 sort.Ints(out)
3414                 for j, k := range out {
3415                         if k != i*n+j {
3416                                 t.Errorf("lost x[%d][%d] = %d, want %d", i, j, k, i*n+j)
3417                         }
3418                 }
3419         }
3420 }
3421
3422 func TestMapOfGCValues(t *testing.T) {
3423         type T *uintptr
3424         tt := TypeOf(T(nil))
3425         mt := MapOf(TypeOf(1), tt)
3426
3427         // NOTE: The garbage collector handles allocated maps specially,
3428         // so we have to save pointers to maps in x; the pointer code will
3429         // use the gc info in the newly constructed map type.
3430         const n = 100
3431         var x []interface{}
3432         for i := 0; i < n; i++ {
3433                 v := MakeMap(mt)
3434                 for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
3435                         p := new(uintptr)
3436                         *p = uintptr(i*n + j)
3437                         v.SetMapIndex(ValueOf(j), ValueOf(p).Convert(tt))
3438                 }
3439                 pv := New(mt)
3440                 pv.Elem().Set(v)
3441                 x = append(x, pv.Interface())
3442         }
3443         runtime.GC()
3444
3445         for i, xi := range x {
3446                 v := ValueOf(xi).Elem()
3447                 for j := 0; j < n; j++ {
3448                         k := v.MapIndex(ValueOf(j)).Elem().Interface().(uintptr)
3449                         if k != uintptr(i*n+j) {
3450                                 t.Errorf("lost x[%d][%d] = %d, want %d", i, j, k, i*n+j)
3451                         }
3452                 }
3453         }
3454 }
3455
3456 type B1 struct {
3457         X int
3458         Y int
3459         Z int
3460 }
3461
3462 func BenchmarkFieldByName1(b *testing.B) {
3463         t := TypeOf(B1{})
3464         for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
3465                 t.FieldByName("Z")
3466         }
3467 }
3468
3469 func BenchmarkFieldByName2(b *testing.B) {
3470         t := TypeOf(S3{})
3471         for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
3472                 t.FieldByName("B")
3473         }
3474 }
3475
3476 type R0 struct {
3477         *R1
3478         *R2
3479         *R3
3480         *R4
3481 }
3482
3483 type R1 struct {
3484         *R5
3485         *R6
3486         *R7
3487         *R8
3488 }
3489
3490 type R2 R1
3491 type R3 R1
3492 type R4 R1
3493
3494 type R5 struct {
3495         *R9
3496         *R10
3497         *R11
3498         *R12
3499 }
3500
3501 type R6 R5
3502 type R7 R5
3503 type R8 R5
3504
3505 type R9 struct {
3506         *R13
3507         *R14
3508         *R15
3509         *R16
3510 }
3511
3512 type R10 R9
3513 type R11 R9
3514 type R12 R9
3515
3516 type R13 struct {
3517         *R17
3518         *R18
3519         *R19
3520         *R20
3521 }
3522
3523 type R14 R13
3524 type R15 R13
3525 type R16 R13
3526
3527 type R17 struct {
3528         *R21
3529         *R22
3530         *R23
3531         *R24
3532 }
3533
3534 type R18 R17
3535 type R19 R17
3536 type R20 R17
3537
3538 type R21 struct {
3539         X int
3540 }
3541
3542 type R22 R21
3543 type R23 R21
3544 type R24 R21
3545
3546 func TestEmbed(t *testing.T) {
3547         typ := TypeOf(R0{})
3548         f, ok := typ.FieldByName("X")
3549         if ok {
3550                 t.Fatalf(`FieldByName("X") should fail, returned %v`, f.Index)
3551         }
3552 }
3553
3554 func BenchmarkFieldByName3(b *testing.B) {
3555         t := TypeOf(R0{})
3556         for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
3557                 t.FieldByName("X")
3558         }
3559 }
3560
3561 type S struct {
3562         i1 int64
3563         i2 int64
3564 }
3565
3566 func BenchmarkInterfaceBig(b *testing.B) {
3567         v := ValueOf(S{})
3568         for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
3569                 v.Interface()
3570         }
3571         b.StopTimer()
3572 }
3573
3574 func TestAllocsInterfaceBig(t *testing.T) {
3575         if testing.Short() {
3576                 t.Skip("skipping malloc count in short mode")
3577         }
3578         v := ValueOf(S{})
3579         if allocs := testing.AllocsPerRun(100, func() { v.Interface() }); allocs > 0 {
3580                 t.Error("allocs:", allocs)
3581         }
3582 }
3583
3584 func BenchmarkInterfaceSmall(b *testing.B) {
3585         v := ValueOf(int64(0))
3586         for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
3587                 v.Interface()
3588         }
3589 }
3590
3591 func TestAllocsInterfaceSmall(t *testing.T) {
3592         if testing.Short() {
3593                 t.Skip("skipping malloc count in short mode")
3594         }
3595         v := ValueOf(int64(0))
3596         if allocs := testing.AllocsPerRun(100, func() { v.Interface() }); allocs > 0 {
3597                 t.Error("allocs:", allocs)
3598         }
3599 }
3600
3601 // An exhaustive is a mechanism for writing exhaustive or stochastic tests.
3602 // The basic usage is:
3603 //
3604 //      for x.Next() {
3605 //              ... code using x.Maybe() or x.Choice(n) to create test cases ...
3606 //      }
3607 //
3608 // Each iteration of the loop returns a different set of results, until all
3609 // possible result sets have been explored. It is okay for different code paths
3610 // to make different method call sequences on x, but there must be no
3611 // other source of non-determinism in the call sequences.
3612 //
3613 // When faced with a new decision, x chooses randomly. Future explorations
3614 // of that path will choose successive values for the result. Thus, stopping
3615 // the loop after a fixed number of iterations gives somewhat stochastic
3616 // testing.
3617 //
3618 // Example:
3619 //
3620 //      for x.Next() {
3621 //              v := make([]bool, x.Choose(4))
3622 //              for i := range v {
3623 //                      v[i] = x.Maybe()
3624 //              }
3625 //              fmt.Println(v)
3626 //      }
3627 //
3628 // prints (in some order):
3629 //
3630 //      []
3631 //      [false]
3632 //      [true]
3633 //      [false false]
3634 //      [false true]
3635 //      ...
3636 //      [true true]
3637 //      [false false false]
3638 //      ...
3639 //      [true true true]
3640 //      [false false false false]
3641 //      ...
3642 //      [true true true true]
3643 //
3644 type exhaustive struct {
3645         r    *rand.Rand
3646         pos  int
3647         last []choice
3648 }
3649
3650 type choice struct {
3651         off int
3652         n   int
3653         max int
3654 }
3655
3656 func (x *exhaustive) Next() bool {
3657         if x.r == nil {
3658                 x.r = rand.New(rand.NewSource(time.Now().UnixNano()))
3659         }
3660         x.pos = 0
3661         if x.last == nil {
3662                 x.last = []choice{}
3663                 return true
3664         }
3665         for i := len(x.last) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
3666                 c := &x.last[i]
3667                 if c.n+1 < c.max {
3668                         c.n++
3669                         x.last = x.last[:i+1]
3670                         return true
3671                 }
3672         }
3673         return false
3674 }
3675
3676 func (x *exhaustive) Choose(max int) int {
3677         if x.pos >= len(x.last) {
3678                 x.last = append(x.last, choice{x.r.Intn(max), 0, max})
3679         }
3680         c := &x.last[x.pos]
3681         x.pos++
3682         if c.max != max {
3683                 panic("inconsistent use of exhaustive tester")
3684         }
3685         return (c.n + c.off) % max
3686 }
3687
3688 func (x *exhaustive) Maybe() bool {
3689         return x.Choose(2) == 1
3690 }
3691
3692 func GCFunc(args []Value) []Value {
3693         runtime.GC()
3694         return []Value{}
3695 }
3696
3697 func TestReflectFuncTraceback(t *testing.T) {
3698         f := MakeFunc(TypeOf(func() {}), GCFunc)
3699         f.Call([]Value{})
3700 }
3701
3702 func (p Point) GCMethod(k int) int {
3703         runtime.GC()
3704         return k + p.x
3705 }
3706
3707 func TestReflectMethodTraceback(t *testing.T) {
3708         p := Point{3, 4}
3709         m := ValueOf(p).MethodByName("GCMethod")
3710         i := ValueOf(m.Interface()).Call([]Value{ValueOf(5)})[0].Int()
3711         if i != 8 {
3712                 t.Errorf("Call returned %d; want 8", i)
3713         }
3714 }
3715
3716 func TestBigZero(t *testing.T) {
3717         const size = 1 << 10
3718         var v [size]byte
3719         z := Zero(ValueOf(v).Type()).Interface().([size]byte)
3720         for i := 0; i < size; i++ {
3721                 if z[i] != 0 {
3722                         t.Fatalf("Zero object not all zero, index %d", i)
3723                 }
3724         }
3725 }