NASM 0.98.22

[nasm.git] / rdoff / ldrdf.c

/* ldrdf.c      RDOFF Object File linker/loader main program
 *
 * The Netwide Assembler is copyright (C) 1996 Simon Tatham and
 * Julian Hall. All rights reserved. The software is
 * redistributable under the licence given in the file "Licence"
 * distributed in the NASM archive.
 */

/*
 * TODO: actually get this new version working!
 * - finish off write_output()       - appears to be done
 * - implement library searching     - appears to be done
 *   - maybe we only want to do one pass, for performance reasons?
 *     this makes things a little harder, but unix 'ld' copes...
 * - implement command line options  - appears to be done
 * - improve symbol table implementation  - done, thanks to Graeme Defty
 * - keep a cache of symbol names in each library module so
 *   we don't have to constantly recheck the file
 * - general performance improvements
 *
 * BUGS & LIMITATIONS: this program doesn't support multiple code, data
 * or bss segments, therefore for 16 bit programs whose code, data or BSS
 * segment exceeds 64K in size, it will not work. This program probably
 * wont work if compiled by a 16 bit compiler. Try DJGPP if you're running
 * under DOS. '#define STINGY_MEMORY' may help a little.
 *
 * TO FIX: enhance search of required export symbols in libraries (now depends
 * on modules order in library).
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#include "multboot.h"
#include "rdoff.h"
#include "symtab.h"
#include "collectn.h"
#include "rdlib.h"
#include "segtab.h"

#define LDRDF_VERSION "1.03"

#define RDF_MAXSEGS 64
/* #define STINGY_MEMORY */

/* =======================================================================
 * Types & macros that are private to this program
 */

struct segment_infonode {
    int         dest_seg;       /* output segment to be placed into, -1 to 
                                   skip linking this segment */
    long        reloc;          /* segment's relocation factor */
};


struct modulenode {
    rdffile     f;              /* the RDOFF file structure */
    struct segment_infonode seginfo[RDF_MAXSEGS]; /* what are we doing
                                                     with each segment? */
    void        * header;
    char        * name;
    struct modulenode * next;
    long        bss_reloc;
};

#include "ldsegs.h"

#define newstr(str) strcpy(malloc(strlen(str) + 1),str)
#define newstrcat(s1,s2) strcat(strcpy(malloc(strlen(s1)+strlen(s2)+1),s1),s2)

/* ==========================================================================
 * Function prototypes of private utility functions
 */

void processmodule(const char * filename, struct modulenode * mod);
int allocnewseg(int16 type,int16 reserved);
int findsegment(int16 type,int16 reserved);
void symtab_add(const char * symbol, int segment, long offset);
int symtab_get(const char * symbol, int * segment, long * offset);

/* =========================================================================
 * Global data structures.
 */

/* a linked list of modules that will be included in the output */
struct modulenode       * modules = NULL;
struct modulenode       * lastmodule = NULL;

/* a linked list of libraries to be searched for unresolved imported symbols */
struct librarynode      * libraries = NULL;
struct librarynode      * lastlib = NULL;

/* the symbol table */
void                    * symtab = NULL;

/* objects search path */
char                    * objpath = NULL;

/* libraries search path */
char                    * libpath = NULL;

/* error file */
static FILE             * error_file;

#ifdef _MULTBOOT_H

/* loading address for multiboot header */
unsigned                MBHloadAddr;

/*
 * Tiny code that moves RDF loader to its working memory region:
 *      mov     esi,SOURCE_ADDR         ; BE xx xx xx xx
 *      mov     edi,DEST_ADDR           ; BF xx xx xx xx
 *      mov     esp,edi                 ; 89 FC
 *      push    edi                     ; 57
 *      mov     ecx,RDFLDR_LENGTH/4     ; B9 xx xx xx xx
 *      cld                             ; FC
 *      rep     movsd                   ; F3 A5
 *      ret                             ; C3
 */

#define RDFLDR_LENGTH   4096            /* Loader will be moved to unused */
#define RDFLDR_DESTLOC  0xBF000         /* video page                     */
 
unsigned char RDFloaderMover[]={
        0xBE, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0xBF, 0, 0xF0, 0xB, 0,
        0x89, 0xFC, 0x57,
        0xB9, 0, 4, 0, 0,
        0xFC, 0xF3, 0xA5, 0xC3
};
                
#endif

/* the header of the output file, built up stage by stage */
rdf_headerbuf           * newheader = NULL;

/* The current state of segment allocation, including information about
 * which output segment numbers have been allocated, and their types and
 * amount of data which has already been allocated inside them. 
 */
struct SegmentHeaderRec outputseg[RDF_MAXSEGS];
int                     nsegs = 0;
long                    bss_length;

/* global options which affect how the program behaves */
struct ldrdfoptions {
    int         verbose;
    int         align;
    int         warnUnresolved;
    int         errorUnresolved;
    int         strip;
    int         respfile;
    int         stderr_redir;
    int         objpath;
    int         libpath;
    int         addMBheader;
} options;

int errorcount = 0;     /* determines main program exit status */

/* =========================================================================
 * Utility functions
 */


/*
 * initsegments()
 *
 * sets up segments 0, 1, and 2, the initial code data and bss segments
 */

void initsegments()
{
    nsegs = 3;
    outputseg[0].type = 1;
    outputseg[0].number = 0;
    outputseg[0].reserved = 0;
    outputseg[0].length = 0;
    outputseg[1].type = 2;
    outputseg[1].number = 1;
    outputseg[1].reserved = 0;
    outputseg[1].length = 0;
    outputseg[2].type = 0xFFFF; /* reserved segment type */
    outputseg[2].number = 2;
    outputseg[2].reserved = 0;
    outputseg[2].length = 0;
    bss_length = 0;
}

/*
 * loadmodule
 *
 * Determine the characteristics of a module, and decide what to do with
 * each segment it contains (including determining destination segments and
 * relocation factors for segments that are kept).
 */

void loadmodule(const char * filename)
{
    if (options.verbose)
        printf("loading `%s'\n", filename);

    /* allocate a new module entry on the end of the modules list */
    if (!modules)
    {
        modules = malloc (sizeof(*modules));
        lastmodule = modules;
    }
    else
    {
        lastmodule->next = malloc (sizeof(*modules));
        lastmodule = lastmodule->next;
    }

    if ( ! lastmodule)
    {
        fprintf(stderr, "ldrdf: out of memory\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    /* open the file using 'rdfopen', which returns nonzero on error */

    if (rdfopen(&lastmodule->f, filename) != 0)
    {
        rdfperror("ldrdf", filename);
        exit(1);
    }

    /* 
     * store information about the module, and determine what segments
     * it contains, and what we should do with them (determine relocation
     * factor if we decide to keep them)
     */

    lastmodule->header = NULL;
    lastmodule->name = strdup(filename);
    lastmodule->next = NULL;

    processmodule(filename, lastmodule);
}
        
/*
 * processmodule()
 *
 * step through each segment, determine what exactly we're doing with
 * it, and if we intend to keep it, determine (a) which segment to
 * put it in and (b) whereabouts in that segment it will end up.
 * (b) is fairly easy, cos we're now keeping track of how big each segment
 * in our output file is...
 */

void processmodule(const char * filename, struct modulenode * mod)
{
    struct segconfig sconf;
    int         seg, outseg;
    void        * header;
    rdfheaderrec * hr;
    long        bssamount = 0;

    for (seg = 0; seg < mod->f.nsegs; seg++)
    {
        /*
         * get the segment configuration for this type from the segment
         * table. getsegconfig() is a macro, defined in ldsegs.h.
         */
        getsegconfig(sconf, mod->f.seg[seg].type);

        if (options.verbose > 1) {
            printf ("%s %04x [%04x:%10s] ", filename, mod->f.seg[seg].number, 
                    mod->f.seg[seg].type, sconf.typedesc);
        }
        /*
         * sconf->dowhat tells us what to do with a segment of this type.
         */
        switch (sconf.dowhat) {
        case SEG_IGNORE:
            /*
             * Set destination segment to -1, to indicate that this segment
             * should be ignored for the purpose of output, ie it is left
             * out of the linked executable.
             */
            mod->seginfo[seg].dest_seg = -1;
            if (options.verbose > 1) printf("IGNORED\n");
            break;

        case SEG_NEWSEG:
            /*
             * The configuration tells us to create a new segment for
             * each occurrence of this segment type.
             */
            outseg = allocnewseg(sconf.mergetype,
                                 mod->f.seg[seg].reserved);
            mod->seginfo[seg].dest_seg = outseg;
            mod->seginfo[seg].reloc = 0;
            outputseg[outseg].length = mod->f.seg[seg].length;
            if (options.verbose > 1) 
                printf ("=> %04x:%08lx (+%04lx)\n", outseg,
                        mod->seginfo[seg].reloc,
                        mod->f.seg[seg].length);
            break;

        case SEG_MERGE:
            /*
             * The configuration tells us to merge the segment with
             * a previously existing segment of type 'sconf.mergetype',
             * if one exists. Otherwise a new segment is created.
             * This is handled transparently by 'findsegment()'.
             */
            outseg = findsegment(sconf.mergetype,
                                 mod->f.seg[seg].reserved);
            mod->seginfo[seg].dest_seg = outseg;

            /*
             * We need to add alignment to these segments.
             */
            if (outputseg[outseg].length % options.align != 0)
                outputseg[outseg].length += 
                    options.align - (outputseg[outseg].length % options.align);
            
            mod->seginfo[seg].reloc = outputseg[outseg].length;
            outputseg[outseg].length  += mod->f.seg[seg].length;

            if (options.verbose > 1) 
                printf ("=> %04x:%08lx (+%04lx)\n", outseg,
                        mod->seginfo[seg].reloc,
                        mod->f.seg[seg].length);
        }

    }

    /*
     * extract symbols from the header, and dump them into the
     * symbol table
     */
    header = malloc(mod->f.header_len);
    if (!header) {
        fprintf(stderr, "ldrdf: not enough memory\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    if (rdfloadseg(&mod->f, RDOFF_HEADER, header)) {
        rdfperror("ldrdf", filename);
        exit(1);
    }

    while ((hr = rdfgetheaderrec (&mod->f)))
    {
        switch(hr->type) {
        case 2: /* imported symbol - define with seg = -1 */
        case 7:
            symtab_add(hr->i.label, -1, 0);
            break;

        case 3: /* exported symbol */
           {
            int destseg;
            long destreloc;

            if (hr->e.segment == 2)
             {
               destreloc = bss_length;
               if (destreloc % options.align != 0)
                  destreloc +=  options.align - (destreloc % options.align);
               destseg = 2;
             }
            else
             {
               if ((destseg = mod->seginfo[(int)hr->e.segment].dest_seg) == -1)
                  continue;
               destreloc = mod->seginfo[(int)hr->e.segment].reloc;
             }
            symtab_add(hr->e.label, destseg, destreloc + hr->e.offset);
            break;
           }

        case 5: /* BSS reservation */
            /*
             * first, amalgamate all BSS reservations in this module
             * into one, because we allow this in the output format.
             */
            bssamount += hr->b.amount;
            break;
        }
    }

    if (bssamount != 0)
    {
        /*
         * handle the BSS segment - first pad the existing bss length
         * to the correct alignment, then store the length in bss_reloc
         * for this module. Then add this module's BSS length onto
         * bss_length.
         */
        if (bss_length % options.align != 0)
            bss_length +=  options.align - (bss_length % options.align);
    
        mod->bss_reloc = bss_length;
        if (options.verbose > 1) {
            printf ("%s 0002 [            BSS] => 0002:%08lx (+%04lx)\n",
                    filename, bss_length, bssamount);
        }
        bss_length += bssamount;
    }

#ifdef STINGY_MEMORY
    /*
     * we free the header buffer here, to save memory later.
     * this isn't efficient, but probably halves the memory usage
     * of this program...
     */
    mod->f.header_loc = NULL;
    free(header);

#endif

}


/*
 * Look in list for module by its name.
 */
int lookformodule(const char *name)
 {
  struct modulenode *curr=modules;

  while(curr) {
   if (!strcmp(name,curr->name)) return 1;
   curr = curr->next;
  }
  return 0;
 }


/*
 * allocnewseg()
 * findsegment()
 *
 * These functions manipulate the array of output segments, and are used
 * by processmodule(). allocnewseg() allocates a segment in the array,
 * initialising it to be empty. findsegment() first scans the array for
 * a segment of the type requested, and if one isn't found allocates a
 * new one.
 */
int allocnewseg(int16 type,int16 reserved)
{
    outputseg[nsegs].type = type;
    outputseg[nsegs].number = nsegs;
    outputseg[nsegs].reserved = reserved;
    outputseg[nsegs].length = 0;
    outputseg[nsegs].offset = 0;
    outputseg[nsegs].data = NULL;

    return nsegs++;
}

int findsegment(int16 type,int16 reserved)
{
    int i;

    for (i = 0; i < nsegs; i++)
        if (outputseg[i].type == type) return i;

    return allocnewseg(type,reserved);
}

/*
 * symtab_add()
 *
 * inserts a symbol into the global symbol table, which associates symbol
 * names either with addresses, or a marker that the symbol hasn't been
 * resolved yet, or possibly that the symbol has been defined as
 * contained in a dynamic [load time/run time] linked library.
 *
 * segment = -1 => not yet defined
 * segment = -2 => defined as dll symbol
 *
 * If the symbol is already defined, and the new segment >= 0, then
 * if the original segment was < 0 the symbol is redefined, otherwise
 * a duplicate symbol warning is issued. If new segment == -1, this
 * routine won't change a previously existing symbol. It will change
 * to segment = -2 only if the segment was previously < 0.
 */

void symtab_add(const char * symbol, int segment, long offset)
{
    symtabEnt * ste;

    ste = symtabFind(symtab, symbol);
    if (ste)
    {
        if (ste->segment >= 0) {
            /*
             * symbol previously defined
             */
            if (segment < 0) return;
            fprintf (error_file, "warning: `%s' redefined\n", symbol);
            return;
        }

        /*
         * somebody wanted the symbol, and put an undefined symbol
         * marker into the table
         */
        if (segment == -1) return;
        /*
         * we have more information now - update the symbol's entry
         */
        ste->segment = segment;
        ste->offset = offset;
        ste->flags = 0;
        return;
    }
    /*
     * this is the first declaration of this symbol
     */
    ste = malloc(sizeof(symtabEnt));
    if (!ste) {
        fprintf(stderr, "ldrdf: out of memory\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    ste->name = strdup(symbol);
    ste->segment = segment;
    ste->offset = offset;
    ste->flags = 0;
    symtabInsert(symtab, ste);
}

/*
 * symtab_get()
 *
 * Retrieves the values associated with a symbol. Undefined symbols
 * are assumed to have -1:0 associated. Returns 1 if the symbol was
 * successfully located.
 */

int symtab_get(const char * symbol, int * segment, long * offset)
{
    symtabEnt * ste = symtabFind(symtab, symbol);
    if (!ste) {
        *segment = -1;
        *offset = 0;
        return 0;
    }
    else
    {
        *segment = ste->segment;
        *offset = ste->offset;
        return 1;
    }
}

/*
 * add_library()
 *
 * checks that a library can be opened and is in the correct format,
 * then adds it to the linked list of libraries.
 */

void add_library(const char * name)
{
    if (rdl_verify(name)) {
        rdl_perror("ldrdf", name);
        errorcount++;
        return;
    }
    if (! libraries)
    {
        lastlib = libraries = malloc(sizeof(*libraries));
        if (! libraries) {
            fprintf(stderr, "ldrdf: out of memory\n");
            exit(1);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        lastlib->next = malloc(sizeof(*libraries));
        if (!lastlib->next) {
            fprintf(stderr, "ldrdf: out of memory\n");
            exit(1);
        }
        lastlib = lastlib->next;
    }
    lastlib->next = NULL;
    if (rdl_open(lastlib, name)) {
        rdl_perror("ldrdf", name);
        errorcount++;
        return;
    }
}

/*
 * search_libraries()
 *
 * scans through the list of libraries, attempting to match symbols
 * defined in library modules against symbols that are referenced but
 * not defined (segment = -1 in the symbol table)
 *
 * returns 1 if any extra library modules are included, indicating that
 * another pass through the library list should be made (possibly).
 */

int search_libraries()
{
    struct librarynode * cur;
    rdffile f;
    int     i;
    void    * header;
    int     segment;
    long    offset;
    int     doneanything = 0, pass = 1, keepfile;
    rdfheaderrec * hr;

    cur = libraries;

    while (cur)
    {
        if (options.verbose > 2)
            printf("scanning library `%s', pass %d...\n", cur->name, pass);
        
        for (i = 0; rdl_openmodule(cur, i, &f) == 0; i++)
        {
            if (pass == 2 && lookformodule(f.name)) continue;

            if (options.verbose > 3)
                printf("  looking in module `%s'\n", f.name);

            header = malloc(f.header_len);
            if (!header) {
                fprintf(stderr, "ldrdf: not enough memory\n");
                exit(1);
            }
            if (rdfloadseg(&f, RDOFF_HEADER, header)) {
                rdfperror("ldrdf", f.name);
                errorcount++;
                return 0;
            }
            
            keepfile = 0;

            while ((hr = rdfgetheaderrec (&f)))
            {
                /* we're only interested in exports, so skip others: */
                if (hr->type != 3) continue; 

                /*
                 * Find the symbol in the symbol table. If the symbol isn't
                 * defined, we aren't interested, so go on to the next.
                 * If it is defined as anything but -1, we're also not
                 * interested. But if it is defined as -1, insert this
                 * module into the list of modules to use, and go
                 * immediately on to the next module...
                 */
                if (! symtab_get(hr->e.label, &segment, &offset) 
                    || segment != -1)
                {
                    continue;    
                }
                
                doneanything = 1;
                keepfile = 1;

                /*
                 * as there are undefined symbols, we can assume that
                 * there are modules on the module list by the time
                 * we get here.
                 */
                lastmodule->next = malloc(sizeof(*lastmodule->next));
                if (!lastmodule->next) {
                    fprintf(stderr, "ldrdf: not enough memory\n");
                    exit(1);
                }
                lastmodule = lastmodule->next;
                memcpy(&lastmodule->f, &f, sizeof(f));
                lastmodule->name = strdup(f.name);
                lastmodule->next = NULL;
                processmodule(f.name, lastmodule);
                break;
            }
            if (!keepfile)
             {
              free(f.name);
              f.name = NULL;
              f.fp = NULL;
             }
        }
        if (rdl_error != 0 && rdl_error != RDL_ENOTFOUND)
            rdl_perror("ldrdf", cur->name);

        cur = cur->next;
        if (cur == NULL && pass == 1) {
            cur = libraries;
            pass++;
        }
    }

    return doneanything;
}

/*
 * write_output()
 *
 * this takes the linked list of modules, and walks through it, merging
 * all the modules into a single output module, and then writes this to a
 * file.
 */
void write_output(const char * filename)
{
    FILE          * f;
    rdf_headerbuf * rdfheader;
    struct modulenode * cur;
    int           i, availableseg, seg, localseg, isrelative;
    void          * header;
    rdfheaderrec  * hr, newrec;
    symtabEnt     * se;
    segtab        segs;
    long          offset;
    byte          * data;

    if ((f = fopen(filename, "wb"))==NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "ldrdf: couldn't open %s for output\n", filename);
        exit(1);
    }
    if ((rdfheader=rdfnewheader())==NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr, "ldrdf: out of memory\n");
        exit(1);
    }
    
    /*
     * Add multiboot header if appropriate option is specified.
     * Multiboot record *MUST* be the first record in output file.
     */
    if (options.addMBheader) {
        if (options.verbose)
            puts("\nadding multiboot header record");
    
        hr = (rdfheaderrec *) malloc(sizeof(struct MultiBootHdrRec));
        hr->mbh.type = 9;
        hr->mbh.reclen = sizeof(struct tMultiBootHeader)+RDFLDRMOVER_SIZE;
            
        hr->mbh.mb.Magic = MB_MAGIC;
        hr->mbh.mb.Flags = MB_FL_KLUDGE;
        hr->mbh.mb.Checksum = ~(MB_MAGIC+MB_FL_KLUDGE-1);
        hr->mbh.mb.HeaderAddr = MBHloadAddr+16;
        hr->mbh.mb.LoadAddr = MBHloadAddr;
        hr->mbh.mb.Entry = MBHloadAddr+16+sizeof(struct tMultiBootHeader);
        
        memcpy(hr->mbh.mover,RDFloaderMover,RDFLDRMOVER_SIZE);
            
        rdfaddheader(rdfheader,hr);
        free(hr);
    }

    if (options.verbose)
        printf ("\nbuilding output module (%d segments)\n", nsegs);

    /*
     * Allocate the memory for the segments. We may be better off
     * building the output module one segment at a time when running
     * under 16 bit DOS, but that would be a slower way of doing this.
     * And you could always use DJGPP...
     */
    for (i = 0; i < nsegs; i++)
    {
        outputseg[i].data=NULL;
        if(!outputseg[i].length) continue;
        outputseg[i].data = malloc(outputseg[i].length);
        if (!outputseg[i].data) {
            fprintf(stderr, "ldrdf: out of memory\n");
            exit(1);
        }
    }

    /*
     * initialise availableseg, used to allocate segment numbers for
     * imported and exported labels...
     */
    availableseg = nsegs;

    /*
     * Step through the modules, performing required actions on each one
     */
    for (cur = modules; cur; cur=cur->next)
    {
        /*
         * Read the actual segment contents into the correct places in
         * the newly allocated segments
         */

        for (i = 0; i < cur->f.nsegs; i++)
        {
            int dest = cur->seginfo[i].dest_seg;

            if (dest == -1) continue;
            if (rdfloadseg(&cur->f, i, 
                           outputseg[dest].data + cur->seginfo[i].reloc))
            {
                rdfperror("ldrdf", cur->name);
                exit(1);
            }
        }
 
        /*
         * Perform fixups, and add new header records where required
         */

        header = malloc(cur->f.header_len);
        if (!header) {
            fprintf(stderr, "ldrdf: out of memory\n");
            exit(1);
        }

        if (cur->f.header_loc)
            rdfheaderrewind(&cur->f);
        else
            if (rdfloadseg(&cur->f, RDOFF_HEADER, header))
            {
                rdfperror("ldrdf", cur->name);
                exit(1);
            }
        
        /*
         * we need to create a local segment number -> location
         * table for the segments in this module.
         */
        init_seglocations(&segs);
        for (i = 0; i < cur->f.nsegs; i++)
        {
            add_seglocation(&segs, cur->f.seg[i].number,
                            cur->seginfo[i].dest_seg, cur->seginfo[i].reloc);
        }
        /*
         * and the BSS segment (doh!)
         */
        add_seglocation (&segs, 2, 2, cur->bss_reloc);
        
        while ((hr = rdfgetheaderrec(&cur->f)))
        {
            switch(hr->type) {
            case 1: /* relocation record - need to do a fixup */
                /*
                 * First correct the offset stored in the segment from
                 * the start of the segment (which may well have changed).
                 *
                 * To do this we add to the number stored the relocation
                 * factor associated with the segment that contains the
                 * target segment.
                 *
                 * The relocation could be a relative relocation, in which
                 * case we have to first subtract the amount we've relocated
                 * the containing segment by.
                 */
                
                if (!get_seglocation(&segs, hr->r.refseg, &seg, &offset))
                {
                    fprintf(stderr, "%s: reloc to undefined segment %04x\n",
                            cur->name, (int) hr->r.refseg);
                    errorcount++;
                    break;
                }

                isrelative = (hr->r.segment & 64) == 64;
                hr->r.segment &= 63;

                if (hr->r.segment == 2 || 
                    (localseg = rdffindsegment(&cur->f, hr->r.segment)) == -1)
                {
                    fprintf(stderr, "%s: reloc from %s segment (%d)\n", 
                            cur->name,
                            hr->r.segment == 2 ? "BSS" : "unknown",
                            hr->r.segment);
                    errorcount++;
                    break;
                }

                if (hr->r.length != 1 && hr->r.length != 2 && hr->r.length!=4)
                {
                    fprintf(stderr, "%s: nonstandard length reloc "
                            "(%d bytes)\n", cur->name, hr->r.length);
                    errorcount++;
                    break;
                }

                /* 
                 * okay, now the relocation is in the segment pointed to by
                 * cur->seginfo[localseg], and we know everything else is
                 * okay to go ahead and do the relocation
                 */
                data = outputseg[cur->seginfo[localseg].dest_seg].data;
                data += cur->seginfo[localseg].reloc + hr->r.offset;

                /*
                 * data now points to the reference that needs
                 * relocation. Calculate the relocation factor.
                 * Factor is:
                 *      offset of referred object in segment [in offset]
                 *      (- relocation of localseg, if ref is relative)
                 * For simplicity, the result is stored in 'offset'.
                 * Then add 'offset' onto the value at data.
                 */
                
                if (isrelative) offset -= cur->seginfo[localseg].reloc;
                switch (hr->r.length)
                {
                case 1:
                    offset += *data;
                    if (offset < -127 || offset > 128)
                        fprintf(error_file, "warning: relocation out of range "
                                "at %s(%02x:%08lx)\n", cur->name,
                                (int)hr->r.segment, hr->r.offset);
                    *data = (char) offset;
                    break;
                case 2:
                    offset += * (short *)data;
                    if (offset < -32767 || offset > 32768)
                        fprintf(error_file, "warning: relocation out of range "
                                "at %s(%02x:%08lx)\n", cur->name,
                                (int)hr->r.segment, hr->r.offset);
                    * (short *)data = (short) offset;
                    break;
                case 4:
                    * (long *)data += offset;
                    /* we can't easily detect overflow on this one */
                    break;
                }

                /*
                 * If the relocation was relative between two symbols in
                 * the same segment, then we're done.
                 *
                 * Otherwise, we need to output a new relocation record
                 * with the references updated segment and offset...
                 */
                if (! isrelative 
                    || cur->seginfo[localseg].dest_seg != seg)
                {
                    hr->r.segment = cur->seginfo[localseg].dest_seg;
                    hr->r.offset += cur->seginfo[localseg].reloc;
                    hr->r.refseg = seg;
                    rdfaddheader(rdfheader, hr);
                }
                break;

            case 2: /* import symbol */
            case 7:
                /*
                 * scan the global symbol table for the symbol
                 * and associate its location with the segment number 
                 * for this module
                 */
                se = symtabFind(symtab, hr->i.label);
                if (!se || se->segment == -1) {
                    if (options.warnUnresolved) {
                        fprintf(error_file, "warning: unresolved reference to `%s'"
                                " in module `%s'\n", hr->i.label, cur->name);
                        if (options.errorUnresolved==1) errorcount++;
                    }
                    /*
                     * we need to allocate a segment number for this
                     * symbol, and store it in the symbol table for
                     * future reference
                     */ 
                    if (!se) {
                        se=malloc(sizeof(*se));
                        if (!se) {
                            fprintf(stderr, "ldrdf: out of memory\n");
                            exit(1);
                        }
                        se->name = strdup(hr->i.label);
                        se->flags = 0;
                        se->segment = availableseg++;
                        se->offset = 0;
                        symtabInsert(symtab, se);
                    }
                    else {
                        se->segment = availableseg++;
                        se->offset = 0;
                    }
                    /*
                     * output a header record that imports it to the
                     * recently allocated segment number...
                     */
                    newrec = *hr;
                    newrec.i.segment = se->segment;
                    rdfaddheader(rdfheader, &newrec);
                }

                add_seglocation(&segs, hr->i.segment, se->segment, se->offset);
                
                break;

            case 3: /* export symbol */
                /*
                 * need to insert an export for this symbol into the new
                 * header, unless we're stripping symbols. Even if we're
                 * stripping, put the symbol if it's marked as SYM_GLOBAL.
                 */
                if (options.strip && !(hr->e.flags & SYM_GLOBAL))
                    break;

                if (hr->e.segment == 2) {
                    seg = 2;
                    offset = cur->bss_reloc;
                }
                else {
                    localseg = rdffindsegment(&cur->f, hr->e.segment);
                    if (localseg == -1) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "%s: exported symbol `%s' from "
                                "unrecognised segment\n", cur->name,
                                hr->e.label);
                        errorcount++;
                        break;
                    }
                    offset = cur->seginfo[localseg].reloc;
                    seg = cur->seginfo[localseg].dest_seg;
                }

                hr->e.segment = seg;    
                hr->e.offset += offset;
                rdfaddheader(rdfheader, hr);
                break;

            case 8: /* module name */
                 /*
                  * Insert module name record if export symbols
                  * are not stripped.
                  * If module name begins with '$' - insert it anyway.
                  */
                  
                if (options.strip && hr->m.modname[0] != '$') break;

                rdfaddheader(rdfheader, hr);
                break;

            case 6: /* segment fixup */
                /*
                 * modify the segment numbers if necessary, and
                 * pass straight through to the output module header
                 *
                 * *** FIXME ***
                 */
                if (hr->r.segment == 2) {
                    fprintf(stderr, "%s: segment fixup in BSS section\n",
                            cur->name);
                    errorcount++;
                    break;
                }
                localseg = rdffindsegment(&cur->f, hr->r.segment);
                if (localseg == -1) {
                    fprintf(stderr, "%s: segment fixup in unrecognised"
                            " segment (%d)\n", cur->name, hr->r.segment);
                    errorcount++;
                    break;
                }
                hr->r.segment = cur->seginfo[localseg].dest_seg;
                hr->r.offset += cur->seginfo[localseg].reloc;

                if (!get_seglocation(&segs, hr->r.refseg, &seg, &offset))
                {
                    fprintf(stderr, "%s: segment fixup to undefined "
                            "segment %04x\n", cur->name, (int)hr->r.refseg);
                    errorcount++;
                    break;
                }
                hr->r.refseg = seg;
                rdfaddheader(rdfheader, hr);
                break;
            }
        }

        free(header);
        done_seglocations(&segs);

    }

    /*
     * combined BSS reservation for the entire results
     */
    newrec.type = 5;
    newrec.b.reclen = 4;
    newrec.b.amount = bss_length;
    rdfaddheader(rdfheader, &newrec);

    /*
     * Write the header
     */
    for (i = 0; i < nsegs; i++)
    {
        if (i == 2) continue;
        rdfaddsegment (rdfheader, outputseg[i].length);
    }
    
    if (options.addMBheader) {
        struct MultiBootHdrRec *mbhrec = (struct MultiBootHdrRec *)(rdfheader->buf->buffer);
        unsigned l = membuflength(rdfheader->buf) + 14 + 
                     10*rdfheader->nsegments + rdfheader->seglength;
        unsigned *ldraddr = (unsigned *)(mbhrec->mover+1);

        mbhrec->mb.LoadEndAddr = MBHloadAddr+l+10+RDFLDR_LENGTH; 
        mbhrec->mb.BSSendAddr = mbhrec->mb.LoadEndAddr;
        *ldraddr = MBHloadAddr+l+10;
    }
    
    rdfwriteheader(f, rdfheader);
    rdfdoneheader(rdfheader);
    /*
     * Step through the segments, one at a time, writing out into
     * the output file
     */
    
    for (i = 0; i < nsegs; i++)
    {
        int16 s;
        long l;
        
        if (i == 2) continue;

        s = translateshort(outputseg[i].type);
        fwrite(&s, 2, 1, f);
        s = translateshort(outputseg[i].number);
        fwrite(&s, 2, 1, f);
        s = translateshort(outputseg[i].reserved);
        fwrite(&s, 2, 1, f);
        l = translatelong(outputseg[i].length);
        fwrite(&l, 4, 1, f);

        fwrite(outputseg[i].data, outputseg[i].length, 1, f);
    }

    fwrite("\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0\0", 10, 1, f);
}

/* =========================================================================
 * Main program
 */

void usage()
{
    printf("usage:\n");
    printf("   ldrdf [options] object modules ... [-llibrary ...]\n");
    printf("   ldrdf -r\n");
    printf("options:\n");
    printf("   -v[=n]          increases verbosity by 1, or sets it to n\n");
    printf("   -a nn           sets segment alignment value (default 16)\n");
    printf("   -s              strips exported symbols\n");
    printf("   -x              warn about unresolved symbols\n");
    printf("   -o name         write output in file 'name'\n");
    printf("   -j path         specify objects search path\n");
    printf("   -L path         specify libraries search path\n");
    printf("   -mbh [address]  add multiboot header to output file. Default\n");
    printf("                   loading address is 0x110000\n");
    exit(0);
}

int main(int argc, char ** argv)
{
    char * outname = "aout.rdf";
    int  moduleloaded = 0;
    char *respstrings[128] = {0, };

    options.verbose = 0;
    options.align = 16;
    options.warnUnresolved = 0;
    options.strip = 0;

    error_file = stderr;

    argc --, argv ++;
    if (argc == 0) usage();
    while (argc && **argv == '-' && argv[0][1] != 'l')
    {
        switch(argv[0][1]) {
        case 'r':
            printf("ldrdf (linker for RDF files) version " LDRDF_VERSION "\n");
            printf( _RDOFF_H "\n");
            exit(0);
        case 'v':
            if (argv[0][2] == '=') {
                options.verbose = argv[0][3] - '0';
                if (options.verbose < 0 || options.verbose > 9) {
                    fprintf(stderr, "ldrdf: verbosity level must be a number"
                            " between 0 and 9\n");
                    exit(1);
                }
            }
            else
                options.verbose++;
            break;
        case 'a':
            options.align = atoi(argv[1]);
            if (options.align <= 0) {
                fprintf(stderr,
                        "ldrdf: -a expects a positive number argument\n");
                exit(1);
            }
            argv++, argc--;
            break;
        case 's':
            options.strip = 1;
            break;
        case 'x':
            options.warnUnresolved = 1;
            if (argv[0][2]=='e')
                options.errorUnresolved = 1;
            break;
        case 'o':
            outname = argv[1];
            argv++, argc--;
            break;
        case 'j':
            if (!objpath)
             {
              options.objpath = 1;
              objpath = argv[1];
              argv++, argc--;
              break;
             }
            else
             {
              fprintf(stderr,"ldrdf: more than one objects search path specified\n");
              exit(1);
             }
        case 'L':
            if (!libpath)
             {
              options.libpath = 1;
              libpath = argv[1];
              argv++, argc--;
              break;
             }
            else
             {
              fprintf(stderr,"ldrdf: more than one libraries search path specified\n");
              exit(1);
             }
        case '@': {
              int i=0;
              char buf[256];
              FILE *f;

              options.respfile = 1;
              if (argv[1] != NULL) f = fopen(argv[1],"r");
              else
               {
                fprintf(stderr,"ldrdf: no response file name specified\n");
                exit(1);
               }

              if (f == NULL)
               {
                fprintf(stderr,"ldrdf: unable to open response file\n");
                exit(1);
               }
              argc-=2;
              while(fgets(buf,sizeof(buf)-1,f)!=NULL)
               {
                char *p;
                if (buf[0]=='\n') continue;
                if ((p = strchr(buf,'\n')) != 0)
                 *p=0;
                if (i >= 128)
                 {
                  fprintf(stderr,"ldrdf: too many input files\n");
                  exit(1);
                 }
                *(respstrings+i) = newstr(buf);
                argc++, i++;
               }
              goto done;
         }
        case '2':
            options.stderr_redir = 1;
            error_file = stdout;
            break;
        case 'm':
            if (argv[0][2] == 'b' && argv[0][3] == 'h') {
                if (argv[1][0] != '-') {
                    MBHloadAddr = atoi(argv[1]);
                } else {
                    MBHloadAddr = MB_DEFAULTLOADADDR;
                }        
                options.addMBheader = 1;
                break;    
            }           
        default:
            usage();
        }
        argv++, argc--;
    }
done:
    if (options.verbose > 4) {
        printf("ldrdf invoked with options:\n");
        printf("    section alignment: %d bytes\n", options.align);
        printf("    output name: `%s'\n", outname);
        if (options.strip)
            printf("    strip symbols\n");
        if (options.warnUnresolved)
            printf("    warn about unresolved symbols\n");
        if (options.errorUnresolved)
            printf("    error if unresolved symbols\n");    
        if (options.objpath)
            printf("    objects search path: %s\n",objpath);
        if (options.libpath)
            printf("    libraries search path: %s\n",libpath);
        if (options.addMBheader)
            printf("    loading address for multiboot header: 0x%X\n",MBHloadAddr);    
        printf("\n");
    }

    symtab = symtabNew();
    initsegments();

    if (!symtab) {
        fprintf(stderr, "ldrdf: out of memory\n");
        exit(1);
    }

    if (*respstrings) argv = respstrings;
    while (argc)
    {
        if (!strncmp(*argv, "-l", 2)) /* library */
         {
          if(libpath) add_library(newstrcat(libpath,*argv + 2));
          else add_library(*argv + 2);
         }
        else {
            if(objpath) loadmodule(newstrcat(objpath,*argv));
            else loadmodule(*argv);
            moduleloaded = 1;
        }
        argv++, argc--;
    }

    if (! moduleloaded) {
        printf("ldrdf: nothing to do. ldrdf -h for usage\n");
        return 0;
    }


    search_libraries();

    if (options.verbose > 2)
    {
        printf ("symbol table:\n");
        symtabDump(symtab, stdout);
    }

    write_output(outname);

    if (errorcount > 0) exit(1);
    return 0;
}