3 * fix outas86's .bss handling
4 * "make spotless" no longer deletes config.h.in.
5 * %(el)if(n)idn insensitivity to string quotes difference (#809300).
6 * (nasm.c) __OUTPUT_FORMAT__ changed to string value instead of symbol.
10 * Add Makefile for 16-bit DOS binaries under OpenWatcom, and modify
11 mkdep.pl to be able to generate completely pathless dependencies, as
12 required by OpenWatcom wmake (it supports path searches, but not
14 * Fix the STR instruction.
15 * Fix the ELF output format, which was broken under certain
16 circumstances due to the addition of stabs support.
17 * Quick-fix Borland format debug-info for -f obj
18 * Fix for %rep with no arguments (#560568)
19 * Fix concatenation of preprocessor function call (#794686)
20 * Fix long label causes coredump (#677841)
21 * Use autoheader as well as autoconf to keep configure from generating
22 ridiculously long command lines.
23 * Make sure that all of the formats which support debugging output
24 actually will suppress debugging output when -g not specified.
28 * Paths given in "-I" switch searched for "incbin"ed as
29 well as "%include"ed files.
30 * Added stabs debugging for the ELF output format, patch from
32 * Fix output/outbin.c to allow origin > 80000000h.
33 * Make -U switch work.
34 * Fix the use of relative offsets with explicit prefixes, e.g. "a32 loop foo".
35 * Remove "backslash()".
36 * Fix the SMSW and SLDT instructions.
37 * -O2 and -O3 are no longer aliases for -O10 and -O15. If you mean the
38 latter, please say so! :)
42 * Update rdoff - librarian/archiver - common rec - docs!
43 * Fix signed/unsigned problems.
44 * Fix JMP FAR label and CALL FAR label.
45 * Add new multisection support - map files - fix align bug
46 * Fix sysexit, movhps/movlps reg,reg bugs in insns.dat
47 * "Q" or "O" suffixes indicate octal
48 * Support Prescott new instructions (PNI).
49 * Cyrix XSTORE instruction.
53 * Fix build failure on 16-bit DOS (Makefile.bc3 workaround for compiler bug.)
54 * Fix dependencies and compiler warnings.
55 * Add "const" in a number of places.
56 * Add -X option to specify error reporting format (use -Xvc to
57 integrate with Microsoft Visual Studio.)
58 * Minor changes for code legibility.
59 * Drop use of tmpnam() in rdoff (security fix.)
63 * Correct additional address-size vs. operand-size confusions.
64 * Generate dependencies for all Makefiles automatically.
65 * Add support for unimplemented (but theoretically available)
66 registers such as tr0 and cr5. Segment registers 6 and 7 are called
67 segr6 and segr7 for the operations which they can be represented.
68 * Correct some disassembler bugs related to redundant address-size prefixes.
69 Some work still remains in this area.
70 * Correctly generate an error for things like "SEG eax".
71 * Add the JMPE instruction, enabled by "CPU IA64".
72 * Correct compilation on newer gcc/glibc platforms.
73 * Issue an error on things like "jmp far eax".
79 * New __NASM_PATCHLEVEL__ and __NASM_VERSION_ID__ standard macros to
80 round out the version-query macros. version.pl now understands
81 X.YYplWW or X.YY.ZZplWW as a version number, equivalent to
82 X.YY.ZZ.WW (or X.YY.0.WW, as appropriate).
83 * New keyword "strict" to disable the optimization of specific
85 * Fix the handing of size overrides with JMP instructions
86 (instructions such as "jmp dword foo".)
87 * Fix the handling of "ABSOLUTE label", where "label" points into a
89 * Fix OBJ output format with lots of externs.
90 * More documentation updates.
91 * Add -Ov option to get verbose information about optimizations.
92 * Undo a braindead change which broke %elif directives.
99 * Fix NASM crashing when %macro directives were left unterminated.
100 * Lots of documentation updates.
101 * Complete rewrite of the PostScript/PDF documentation generator.
102 * The MS Visual C++ Makefile was updated and corrected.
103 * Recognize .rodata as a standard section name in ELF.
104 * Fix some obsolete Perl4-isms in Perl scripts.
105 * Fix configure.in to work with autoconf 2.5x.
106 * Fix a couple of "make cleaner" misses.
107 * Make the normal "./configure && make" work with Cygwin.
113 * Correctly build in a separate object directory again.
114 * Derive all references to the version number from the version file.
115 * New standard macros __NASM_SUBMINOR__ and __NASM_VER__ macros.
116 * Lots of Makefile updates and bug fixes.
117 * New %ifmacro directive to test for multiline macros.
118 * Documentation updates.
119 * Fixes for 16-bit OBJ format output.
120 * Changed the NASM environment variable to NASMENV.
126 * Changed doc files a lot: completely removed old READMExx and
127 Wishlist files, incorporating all information in CHANGES and TODO.
128 * I waited a long time to rename zoutieee.c to (original) outieee.c
129 * moved all output modules to output/ subdirectory.
130 * Added 'make strip' target to strip debug info from nasm & ndisasm.
131 * Added INSTALL file with installation instructions.
132 * Added -v option description to nasm man.
133 * Added dist makefile target to produce source distributions.
134 * 16-bit support for ELF output format (GNU extension, but useful.)
140 * Fastcooked this for Debian's Woody release:
141 Frank applied the INCBIN bug patch to 0.98.25alt and called
142 it 0.98.28 to not confuse poor little apt-get.
148 * Reorganised files even better from 0.98.25alt
154 * Prettified the source tree. Moved files to more reasonable places.
155 * Added findleak.pl script to misc/ directory.
156 * Attempted to fix doc.
161 * Line continuation character '\'
162 * Docs inadvertantly reverted - "dos packaging".
168 * FIXME: Someone, document this please.
174 * Documentation - Ndisasm doc added to Nasm.doc.
180 * Attempted to remove rdoff version1
181 * Lino Mastrodomenico's patches to preproc.c (%$$ bug?).
187 * Update rdoff2 - attempt to remove v1.
193 * Optimization fixes.
199 * Optimization fixes.
205 * H. J. Lu's patch back out.
211 * Added ".rdata" to "-f win32".
217 * H. J. Lu's "bogus elf" patch. (Red Hat problem?)
223 * Fix whitespace before "[section ..." bug.
229 * Fix fixes to memory leaks.
235 * (there was no '.13)
240 * Update optimization (new function of "-O1")
241 * Changes to test/bintest.asm (?).
246 * Optimization changes.
248 * (there was no '.10)
253 * Add multiple sections support to "-f bin".
254 * Changed GLOBAL_TEMP_BASE in outelf.c from 6 to 15.
255 * Add "-v" as an alias to the "-r" switch.
256 * Remove "#ifdef" from Tasm compatibility options.
257 * Remove redundant size-overrides on "mov ds, ex", etc.
258 * Fixes to SSE2, other insns.dat (?).
259 * Enable uppercase "I" and "P" switches.
260 * Case insinsitive "seg" and "wrt".
261 * Update install.sh (?).
262 * Allocate tokens in blocks.
263 * Improve "invalid effective address" messages.
268 * Add "%strlen" and "%substr" macro operators
269 * Fixed broken c16.mac.
270 * Unterminated string error reported.
271 * Fixed bugs as per 0.98bf
274 0.98.09b with John Coffman patches released 28-Oct-2001
275 -------------------------------------------------------
277 Changes from 0.98.07 release to 98.09b as of 28-Oct-2001
279 * More closely compatible with 0.98 when -O0 is implied
280 or specified. Not strictly identical, since backward
281 branches in range of short offsets are recognized, and signed
282 byte values with no explicit size specification will be
283 assembled as a single byte.
285 * More forgiving with the PUSH instruction. 0.98 requires
286 a size to be specified always. 0.98.09b will imply the size
287 from the current BITS setting (16 or 32).
289 * Changed definition of the optimization flag:
291 -O0 strict two-pass assembly, JMP and Jcc are
292 handled more like 0.98, except that back-
293 ward JMPs are short, if possible.
295 -O1 strict two-pass assembly, but forward
296 branches are assembled with code guaranteed
297 to reach; may produce larger code than
298 -O0, but will produce successful assembly
299 more often if branch offset sizes are not
302 -O2 multi-pass optimization, minimize branch
303 offsets; also will minimize signed immed-
304 iate bytes, overriding size specification.
306 -O3 like -O2, but more passes taken, if needed
309 0.98.07 released 01/28/01
310 -------------------------
312 * Added Stepane Denis' SSE2 instructions to a *working*
313 version of the code - some earlier versions were based on
314 broken code - sorry 'bout that. version "0.98.07"
320 * Cosmetic modifications to nasm.c, nasm.h,
324 0.98.06f released 01/18/01
325 --------------------------
327 * - Add "metalbrain"s jecxz bug fix in insns.dat
328 - alter nasmdoc.src to match - version "0.98.06f"
331 0.98.06e released 01/09/01
332 --------------------------
334 * Removed the "outforms.h" file - it appears to be
335 someone's old backup of "outform.h". version "0.98.06e"
341 * fbk - finally added the fix for the "multiple %includes bug",
342 known since 7/27/99 - reported originally (?) and sent to
343 us by Austin Lunnen - he reports that John Fine had a fix
344 within the day. Here it is...
346 * Nelson Rush resigns from the group. Big thanks to Nelson for
347 his leadership and enthusiasm in getting these changes
348 incorporated into Nasm!
350 * fbk - [list +], [list -] directives - ineptly implemented, should
351 be re-written or removed, perhaps.
353 * Brian Raiter / fbk - "elfso bug" fix - applied to aoutb format
354 as well - testing might be desirable...
360 * James Seter - -postfix, -prefix command line switches.
361 * Yuri Zaporogets - rdoff utility changes.
367 * GAS-like palign (Panos Minos)
368 * FIXME: Someone, fill this in with details
372 ----------------------------------
374 * Fixed - elf and aoutb bug - shared libraries
375 - multiple "%include" bug in "-f obj"
377 - unrecognized option bug in ndisasm
379 0.98.03 with John Coffman's changes released 27-Jul-2000
380 --------------------------------------------------------
382 * Added signed byte optimizations for the 0x81/0x83 class
383 of instructions: ADC, ADD, AND, CMP, OR, SBB, SUB, XOR:
384 when used as 'ADD reg16,imm' or 'ADD reg32,imm.' Also
385 optimization of signed byte form of 'PUSH imm' and 'IMUL
386 reg,imm'/'IMUL reg,reg,imm.' No size specification is needed.
388 * Added multi-pass JMP and Jcc offset optimization. Offsets
389 on forward references will preferentially use the short form,
390 without the need to code a specific size (short or near) for
391 the branch. Added instructions for 'Jcc label' to use the
392 form 'Jnotcc $+3/JMP label', in cases where a short offset
393 is out of bounds. If compiling for a 386 or higher CPU, then
394 the 386 form of Jcc will be used instead.
396 This feature is controlled by a new command-line switch: "O",
397 (upper case letter O). "-O0" reverts the assembler to no
398 extra optimization passes, "-O1" allows up to 5 extra passes,
399 and "-O2"(default), allows up to 10 extra optimization passes.
401 * Added a new directive: 'cpu XXX', where XXX is any of:
402 8086, 186, 286, 386, 486, 586, pentium, 686, PPro, P2, P3 or
403 Katmai. All are case insensitive. All instructions will
404 be selected only if they apply to the selected cpu or lower.
405 Corrected a couple of bugs in cpu-dependence in 'insns.dat'.
407 * Added to 'standard.mac', the "use16" and "use32" forms of
408 the "bits 16/32" directive. This is nothing new, just conforms
409 to a lot of other assemblers. (minor)
411 * Changed label allocation from 320/32 (10000 labels @ 200K+)
412 to 32/37 (1000 labels); makes running under DOS much easier.
413 Since additional label space is allocated dynamically, this
414 should have no effect on large programs with lots of labels.
415 The 37 is a prime, believed to be better for hashing. (minor)
417 * Integrated patchfile 0.98-0.98.01. I call this version
418 0.98.03, for historical reasons: 0.98.02 was trashed.
420 --John Coffman <johninsd@san.rr.com> 27-Jul-2000
423 Kendall Bennett's SciTech MGL changes
424 -------------------------------------
425 Note that you must define "TASM_COMPAT" at compile-time
426 to get the Tasm Ideal Mode compatibility.
428 All changes can be compiled in and out using the TASM_COMPAT macros,
429 and when compiled without TASM_COMPAT defined we get the exact same
430 binary as the unmodified 0.98 sources.
432 standard.mac, macros.c:
433 . Added macros to ignore TASM directives before first include
436 . Added extern declaration for tasm_compatible_mode
439 . Added global variable tasm_compatible_mode
440 . Added command line switch for TASM compatible mode (-t)
441 . Changed version command line to reflect when compiled with TASM additions
442 . Added response file processing to allow all arguments on a single
443 line (response file is @resp rather than -@resp for NASM format).
446 . Changes islocal() macro to support TASM style @@local labels.
447 . Added islocalchar() macro to support TASM style @@local labels.
450 . Added support for TASM style memory references (ie: mov [DWORD eax],10
451 rather than the NASM style mov DWORD [eax],10).
454 . Added new directives, %arg, %local, %stacksize to directives table
455 . Added support for TASM style directives without a leading % symbol.
457 Integrated a block of changes from Andrew Zabolotny <bit@eltech.ru>:
459 * A new keyword %xdefine and its case-insensitive counterpart %ixdefine.
460 They work almost the same way as %define and %idefine but expand
461 the definition immediately, not on the invocation. Something like a cross
462 between %define and %assign. The "x" suffix stands for "eXpand", so
463 "xdefine" can be deciphered as "expand-and-define". Thus you can do
469 %xdefine %1 dword [esp+ofs]
473 * Changed the place where the expansion of %$name macros are expanded.
474 Now they are converted into ..@ctxnum.name form when detokenizing, so
475 there are no quirks as before when using %$name arguments to macros,
476 in macros etc. For example:
485 Now last line will be expanded into "hello" as expected. This also allows
486 for lots of goodies, a good example are extended "proc" macros included
489 * Added a check for "cstk" in smacro_defined() before calling get_ctx() -
490 this allows for things like:
495 to work without warnings even in no context.
497 * Added a check for "cstk" in %if*ctx and %elif*ctx directives -
498 this allows to use %ifctx without excessive warnings. If there is
499 no active context, %ifctx goes through "false" branch.
501 * Removed "user error: " prefix with %error directive: it just clobbers the
502 output and has absolutely no functionality. Besides, this allows to write
503 macros that does not differ from built-in functions in any way.
505 * Added expansion of string that is output by %error directive. Now you
508 %define hello(x) Hello, x!
511 %error "hello(%$name)"
513 Same happened with %include directive.
515 * Now all directives that expect an identifier will try to expand and
516 concatenate everything without whitespaces in between before usage.
517 For example, with "unfixed" nasm the commands
520 %define __%$abc goodbye
523 would produce "incorrect" output: last line will expand to
527 Not quite what you expected, eh? :-) The answer is that preprocessor
528 treats the %define construct as if it would be
530 %define __ %$abc goodbye
532 (note the white space between __ and %$abc). After my "fix" it
533 will "correctly" expand into
537 as expected. Note that I use quotes around words "correct", "incorrect"
538 etc because this is rather a feature not a bug; however current behaviour
539 is more logical (and allows more advanced macro usage :-).
541 Same change was applied to:
542 %push,%macro,%imacro,%define,%idefine,%xdefine,%ixdefine,
543 %assign,%iassign,%undef
545 * A new directive [WARNING {+|-}warning-id] have been added. It works only
546 if the assembly phase is enabled (i.e. it doesn't work with nasm -e).
548 * A new warning type: macro-selfref. By default this warning is disabled;
549 when enabled NASM warns when a macro self-references itself; for example
550 the following source:
552 [WARNING macro-selfref]
563 will produce a warning, but if we remove the first line we won't see it
564 anymore (which is The Right Thing To Do {tm} IMHO since C preprocessor
565 eats such constructs without warnings at all).
567 * Added a "error" routine to preprocessor which always will set ERR_PASS1
568 bit in severity_code. This removes annoying repeated errors on first
569 and second passes from preprocessor.
571 * Added the %+ operator in single-line macros for concatenating two
572 identifiers. Usage example:
574 %define _myfunc _otherfunc
575 %define cextern(x) _ %+ x
578 After first expansion, third line will become "_myfunc". After this
579 expansion is performed again so it becomes "_otherunc".
581 * Now if preprocessor is in a non-emmitting state, no warning or error
582 will be emmitted. Example:
587 put anything you want between these two brackets,
588 even macro-parameter references %1 or local labels %$zz
589 or macro-local labels %%zz - no warning will be emmitted.
592 * Context-local variables on expansion as a last resort are looked up
593 in outer contexts. For example, the following piece:
603 will expand correctly the fourth line to [esp]; if we'll define another
604 %$a inside the "inner" context, it will take precedence over outer
605 definition. However, this modification has been applied only to
606 expand_smacro and not to smacro_define: as a consequence expansion
607 looks in outer contexts, but %ifdef won't look in outer contexts.
609 This behaviour is needed because we don't want nested contexts to
610 act on already defined local macros. Example:
612 %define %$arg1 [esp+4]
618 In this example the "if" mmacro enters into the "if" context, so %$arg1
619 is not valid anymore inside "if". Of course it could be worked around
620 by using explicitely %$$arg1 but this is ugly IMHO.
622 * Fixed memory leak in %undef. The origline wasn't freed before
625 * Fixed trap in preprocessor when line expanded to empty set of tokens.
626 This happens, for example, in the following case:
635 All changes since NASM 0.98p3 have been produced by H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>.
637 * The documentation comment delimiter is \# not #.
638 * Allow EQU definitions to refer to external labels; reported by
640 * Re-enable support for RDOFF v1; reported by Pedro Gimeno.
641 * Updated License file per OK from Simon and Julian.
647 * Update documentation (although the instruction set reference will
648 have to wait; I don't want to hold up the 0.98 release for it.)
649 * Verified that the NASM implementation of the PEXTRW and PMOVMSKB
650 instructions is correct. The encoding differs from what the Intel
651 manuals document, but the Pentium III behaviour matches NASM, not
653 * Fix handling of implicit sizes in PSHUFW and PINSRW, reported by
655 * Resurrect the -s option, which was removed when changing the
656 diagnostic output to stdout.
662 * Fix for "DB" when NASM is running on a bigendian machine.
663 * Invoke insns.pl once for each output script, making Makefile.in
665 * Improve the Unix configure-based makefiles to make package
667 * Included an RPM .spec file for building RPM (RedHat Package Manager)
668 packages on Linux or Unix systems.
669 * Fix Makefile dependency problems.
670 * Change src/rdsrc.pl to include sectioning information in info
671 output; required for install-info to work.
672 * Updated the RDOFF distribution to version 2 from Jules; minor
673 massaging to make it compile in my environment.
674 * Split doc files that can be built by anyone with a Perl interpreter off
675 into a separate archive.
676 * "Dress rehearsal" release!
682 * Fixed opcodes with a third byte-sized immediate argument to not
683 complain if given "byte" on the immediate.
684 * Allow %undef to remove single-line macros with arguments. This
685 matches the behaviour of #undef in the C preprocessor.
686 * Allow -d, -u, -i and -p to be specified as -D, -U, -I and -P for
687 compatibility with most C compilers and preprocessors. This allows
688 Makefile options to be shared between cc and nasm, for example.
690 * Went through the list of Katmai instructions and hopefully fixed the
691 (rather few) mistakes in it.
692 * (Hopefully) fixed a number of disassembler bugs related to ambiguous
693 instructions (disambiguated by -p) and SSE instructions with REP.
694 * Fix for bug reported by Mark Junger: "call dword 0x12345678" should
695 work and may add an OSP (affected CALL, JMP, Jcc).
696 * Fix for environments when "stderr" isn't a compile-time constant.
702 * Took officially over coordination of the 0.98 release; so drop
703 the p3.x notation. Skipped p4 and p5 to avoid confusion with John
704 Fine's J4 and J5 releases.
705 * Update the documentation; however, it still doesn't include
706 documentation for the various new instructions. I somehow wonder if
707 it makes sense to have an instruction set reference in the assembler
708 manual when Intel et al have PDF versions of their manuals online.
709 * Recognize "idt" or "centaur" for the -p option to ndisasm.
710 * Changed error messages back to stderr where they belong, but add an
711 -E option to redirect them elsewhere (the DOS shell cannot redirect
713 * -M option to generate Makefile dependencies (based on code from Alex
715 * %undef preprocessor directive, and -u option, that undefines a
717 * OS/2 Makefile (Mkfiles/Makefile.os2) for Borland under OS/2; from
719 * Various minor bugfixes (reported by):
720 - Dangling %s in preproc.c (Martin Junker)
721 * THERE ARE KNOWN BUGS IN SSE AND THE OTHER KATMAI INSTRUCTIONS. I am
722 on a trip and didn't bring the Katmai instruction reference, so I
723 can't work on them right now.
724 * Updated the License file per agreement with Simon and Jules to
725 include a GPL distribution clause.
731 * (Hopefully) fixed the canned Makefiles to include the outrdf2 and
733 * Renamed changes.asm to changed.asm.
739 * Fixed a bunch of instructions that were added in 0.98p3.5 which had
740 memory operands, and the address-size prefix was missing from the
747 * Merged in changes from John S. Fine's 0.98-J5 release. John's based
748 0.98-J5 on my 0.98p3.3 release; this merges the changes.
749 * Expanded the instructions flag field to a long so we can fit more
750 flags; mark SSE (KNI) and AMD or Katmai-specific instructions as
752 * Fix the "PRIV" flag on a bunch of instructions, and create new
753 "PROT" flag for protected-mode-only instructions (orthogonal to if
754 the instruction is privileged!) and new "SMM" flag for SMM-only
756 * Added AMD-only SYSCALL and SYSRET instructions.
757 * Make SSE actually work, and add new Katmai MMX instructions.
758 * Added a -p (preferred vendor) option to ndisasm so that it can
759 distinguish e.g. Cyrix opcodes also used in SSE. For example:
761 ndisasm -p cyrix aliased.bin
762 00000000 670F514310 paddsiw mm0,[ebx+0x10]
763 00000005 670F514320 paddsiw mm0,[ebx+0x20]
764 ndisasm -p intel aliased.bin
765 00000000 670F514310 sqrtps xmm0,[ebx+0x10]
766 00000005 670F514320 sqrtps xmm0,[ebx+0x20]
767 * Added a bunch of Cyrix-specific instructions.
773 * Made at least an attempt to modify all the additional Makefiles (in
774 the Mkfiles directory). I can't test it, but this was the best I
776 * DOS DJGPP+"Opus Make" Makefile from John S. Fine.
777 * changes.asm changes from John S. Fine.
783 * Patch from Conan Brink to allow nesting of %rep directives.
784 * If we're going to allow INT01 as an alias for INT1/ICEBP (one of
785 Jules 0.98p3 changes), then we should allow INT03 as an alias for INT3
787 * Updated changes.asm to include the latest changes.
788 * Tried to clean up the <CR>s that had snuck in from a DOS/Windows
789 environment into my Unix environment, and try to make sure than
790 DOS/Windows users get them back.
791 * We would silently generate broken tools if insns.dat wasn't sorted
792 properly. Change insns.pl so that the order doesn't matter.
793 * Fix bug in insns.pl (introduced by me) which would cause conditional
794 instructions to have an extra "cc" in disassembly, e.g. "jnz"
795 disassembled as "jccnz".
801 * Merged in John S. Fine's changes from his 0.98-J4 prerelease; see
802 http://www.csoft.net/cz/johnfine/
803 * Changed previous "spotless" Makefile target (appropriate for distribution)
804 to "distclean", and added "cleaner" target which is same as "clean"
805 except deletes files generated by Perl scripts; "spotless" is union.
806 * Removed BASIC programs from distribution. Get a Perl interpreter
808 * Calling this "pre-release 3.2" rather than "p3-hpa2" because of
809 John's contributions.
810 * Actually link in the IEEE output format (zoutieee.c); fix a bunch of
811 compiler warnings in that file. Note I don't know what IEEE output
812 is supposed to look like, so these changes were made "blind".
818 * Merged nasm098p3.zip with nasm-0.97.tar.gz to create a fully
819 buildable version for Unix systems (Makefile.in updates, etc.)
820 * Changed insns.pl to create the instruction tables in nasm.h and
821 names.c, so that a new instruction can be added by adding it *only*
823 * Added the following new instructions: SYSENTER, SYSEXIT, FXSAVE,
824 FXRSTOR, UD1, UD2 (the latter two are two opcodes that Intel
825 guarantee will never be used; one of them is documented as UD2 in
826 Intel documentation, the other one just as "Undefined Opcode" --
827 calling it UD1 seemed to make sense.)
828 * MAX_SYMBOL was defined to be 9, but LOADALL286 and LOADALL386 are 10
829 characters long. Now MAX_SYMBOL is derived from insns.dat.
830 * A note on the BASIC programs included: forget them. insns.bas is
831 already out of date. Get yourself a Perl interpreter for your
832 platform of choice at:
834 http://www.cpan.org/ports/index.html
840 added response file support, improved command line handling, new layout
843 fixed limit checking bug, 'OUT byte nn, reg' bug, and a couple of rdoff
844 related bugs, updated Wishlist; 0.98 Prerelease 3.
850 fixed bug in outcoff.c to do with truncating section names longer
851 than 8 characters, referencing beyond end of string; 0.98 pre-release 2
854 0.98 pre-released May 1999
855 --------------------------
857 Fixed a bug whereby STRUC didn't work at all in RDF.
859 Fixed a problem with group specification in PUBDEFs in OBJ.
861 Improved ease of adding new output formats. Contribution due to
864 Fixed a bug in relocations in the `bin' format: was showing up when
865 a relocatable reference crossed an 8192-byte boundary in any output
868 Fixed a bug in local labels: local-label lookups were inconsistent
869 between passes one and two if an EQU occurred between the definition
870 of a global label and the subsequent use of a local label local to
873 Fixed a seg-fault in the preprocessor (again) which happened when
874 you use a blank line as the first line of a multi-line macro
875 definition and then defined a label on the same line as a call to
878 Fixed a stale-pointer bug in the handling of the NASM environment
879 variable. Thanks to Thomas McWilliams.
881 ELF had a hard limit on the number of sections which caused
882 segfaults when transgressed. Fixed.
884 Added ability for ndisasm to read from stdin by using `-' as the
887 ndisasm wasn't outputting the TO keyword. Fixed.
889 Fixed error cascade on bogus expression in %if - an error in
890 evaluation was causing the entire %if to be discarded, thus creating
891 trouble later when the %else or %endif was encountered.
893 Forward reference tracking was instruction-granular not operand-
894 granular, which was causing 286-specific code to be generated
895 needlessly on code of the form `shr word [forwardref],1'. Thanks to
896 Jim Hague for sending a patch.
898 All messages now appear on stdout, as sending them to stderr serves
899 no useful purpose other than to make redirection difficult.
901 Fixed the problem with EQUs pointing to an external symbol - this
902 now generates an error message.
904 Allowed multiple size prefixes to an operand, of which only the first
905 is taken into account.
907 Incorporated John Fine's changes, including fixes of a large number
908 of preprocessor bugs, some small problems in OBJ, and a reworking of
909 label handling to define labels before their line is assembled, rather
912 Reformatted a lot of the source code to be more readable. Included
913 'coding.txt' as a guideline for how to format code for contributors.
915 Stopped nested %reps causing a panic - they now cause a slightly more
916 friendly error message instead.
918 Fixed floating point constant problems (patch by Pedro Gimeno)
920 Fixed the return value of insn_size() not being checked for -1, indicating
923 Incorporated 3D now instructions.
925 Fixed the 'mov eax, eax + ebx' bug.
927 Fixed the GLOBAL EQU bug in ELF. Released developers release 3.
929 Incorporated John Fine's command line parsing changes
931 Incorporated David Lindauer's OMF debug support
933 Made changes for LCC 4.0 support (__NASM_CDecl__, removed register size
934 specification warning when sizes agree).
936 Released NASM 0.98 Pre-release 1
939 0.97 released December 1997
940 ---------------------------
942 This was entirely a bug-fix release to 0.96, which seems to have got
945 Fixed stupid mistake in OBJ which caused `MOV EAX,<constant>' to
946 fail. Caused by an error in the `MOV EAX,<segment>' support.
948 ndisasm hung at EOF when compiled with lcc on Linux because lcc on
949 Linux somehow breaks feof(). ndisasm now does not rely on feof().
951 A heading in the documentation was missing due to a markup error in
954 Fixed failure to update all pointers on realloc() within extended-
955 operand code in parser.c. Was causing wrong behaviour and seg faults
956 on lines such as `dd 0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0,...'
958 Fixed a subtle preprocessor bug whereby invoking one multi-line
959 macro on the first line of the expansion of another, when the second
960 had been invoked with a label defined before it, didn't expand the
963 Added internal.doc back in to the distribution archives - it was
964 missing in 0.96 *blush*
966 Fixed bug causing 0.96 to be unable to assemble its own test files,
967 specifically objtest.asm. *blush again*
969 Fixed seg-faults and bogus error messages caused by mismatching
970 %rep and %endrep within multi-line macro definitions.
972 Fixed a problem with buffer overrun in OBJ, which was causing
973 corruption at ends of long PUBDEF records.
975 Separated DOS archives into main-program and documentation to reduce
979 0.96 released November 1997
980 ---------------------------
982 Fixed a bug whereby, if `nasm sourcefile' would cause a filename
983 collision warning and put output into `nasm.out', then `nasm
984 sourcefile -o outputfile' still gave the warning even though the
987 Fixed name pollution under Digital UNIX: one of its header files
988 defined R_SP, which broke the enum in nasm.h.
990 Fixed minor instruction table problems: FUCOM and FUCOMP didn't have
991 two-operand forms; NDISASM didn't recognise the longer register
992 forms of PUSH and POP (eg FF F3 for PUSH BX); TEST mem,imm32 was
993 flagged as undocumented; the 32-bit forms of CMOV had 16-bit operand
994 size prefixes; `AAD imm' and `AAM imm' are no longer flagged as
995 undocumented because the Intel Architecture reference documents
998 Fixed a problem with the local-label mechanism, whereby strange
999 types of symbol (EQUs, auto-defined OBJ segment base symbols)
1000 interfered with the `previous global label' value and screwed up
1003 Fixed a bug whereby the stub preprocessor didn't communicate with
1004 the listing file generator, so that the -a and -l options in
1005 conjunction would produce a useless listing file.
1007 Merged `os2' object file format back into `obj', after discovering
1008 that `obj' _also_ shouldn't have a link pass separator in a module
1009 containing a non-trivial MODEND. Flat segments are now declared
1010 using the FLAT attribute. `os2' is no longer a valid object format
1013 Removed the fixed-size temporary storage in the evaluator. Very very
1014 long expressions (like `mov ax,1+1+1+1+...' for two hundred 1s or
1015 so) should now no longer crash NASM.
1017 Fixed a bug involving segfaults on disassembly of MMX instructions,
1018 by changing the meaning of one of the operand-type flags in nasm.h.
1019 This may cause other apparently unrelated MMX problems; it needs to
1020 be tested thoroughly.
1022 Fixed some buffer overrun problems with large OBJ output files.
1023 Thanks to DJ Delorie for the bug report and fix.
1025 Made preprocess-only mode actually listen to the %line markers as it
1026 prints them, so that it can report errors more sanely.
1028 Re-designed the evaluator to keep more sensible track of expressions
1029 involving forward references: can now cope with previously-nightmare
1035 Added the ALIGN and ALIGNB standard macros.
1037 Added PIC support in ELF: use of WRT to obtain the four extra
1038 relocation types needed.
1040 Added the ability for output file formats to define their own
1041 extensions to the GLOBAL, COMMON and EXTERN directives.
1043 Implemented common-variable alignment, and global-symbol type and
1044 size declarations, in ELF.
1046 Implemented NEAR and FAR keywords for common variables, plus
1047 far-common element size specification, in OBJ.
1049 Added a feature whereby EXTERNs and COMMONs in OBJ can be given a
1050 default WRT specification (either a segment or a group).
1052 Transformed the Unix NASM archive into an auto-configuring package.
1054 Added a sanity-check for people applying SEG to things which are
1055 already segment bases: this previously went unnoticed by the SEG
1056 processing and caused OBJ-driver panics later.
1058 Added the ability, in OBJ format, to deal with `MOV EAX,<segment>'
1059 type references: OBJ doesn't directly support dword-size segment
1060 base fixups, but as long as the low two bytes of the constant term
1061 are zero, a word-size fixup can be generated instead and it will
1064 Added the ability to specify sections' alignment requirements in
1065 Win32 object files and pure binary files.
1067 Added preprocess-time expression evaluation: the %assign (and
1068 %iassign) directive and the bare %if (and %elif) conditional. Added
1069 relational operators to the evaluator, for use only in %if
1070 constructs: the standard relationals = < > <= >= <> (and C-like
1071 synonyms == and !=) plus low-precedence logical operators &&, ^^ and
1074 Added a preprocessor repeat construct: %rep / %exitrep / %endrep.
1076 Added the __FILE__ and __LINE__ standard macros.
1078 Added a sanity check for number constants being greater than
1079 0xFFFFFFFF. The warning can be disabled.
1081 Added the %0 token whereby a variadic multi-line macro can tell how
1082 many parameters it's been given in a specific invocation.
1084 Added %rotate, allowing multi-line macro parameters to be cycled.
1086 Added the `*' option for the maximum parameter count on multi-line
1087 macros, allowing them to take arbitrarily many parameters.
1089 Added the ability for the user-level forms of EXTERN, GLOBAL and
1090 COMMON to take more than one argument.
1092 Added the IMPORT and EXPORT directives in OBJ format, to deal with
1095 Added some more preprocessor %if constructs: %ifidn / %ifidni (exact
1096 textual identity), and %ifid / %ifnum / %ifstr (token type testing).
1098 Added the ability to distinguish SHL AX,1 (the 8086 version) from
1099 SHL AX,BYTE 1 (the 286-and-upwards version whose constant happens to
1102 Added NetBSD/FreeBSD/OpenBSD's variant of a.out format, complete
1103 with PIC shared library features.
1105 Changed NASM's idiosyncratic handling of FCLEX, FDISI, FENI, FINIT,
1106 FSAVE, FSTCW, FSTENV, and FSTSW to bring it into line with the
1107 otherwise accepted standard. The previous behaviour, though it was a
1108 deliberate feature, was a deliberate feature based on a
1109 misunderstanding. Apologies for the inconvenience.
1111 Improved the flexibility of ABSOLUTE: you can now give it an
1112 expression rather than being restricted to a constant, and it can
1113 take relocatable arguments as well.
1115 Added the ability for a variable to be declared as EXTERN multiple
1116 times, and the subsequent definitions are just ignored.
1118 We now allow instruction prefixes (CS, DS, LOCK, REPZ etc) to be
1119 alone on a line (without a following instruction).
1121 Improved sanity checks on whether the arguments to EXTERN, GLOBAL
1122 and COMMON are valid identifiers.
1124 Added misc/exebin.mac to allow direct generation of .EXE files by
1125 hacking up an EXE header using DB and DW; also added test/binexe.asm
1126 to demonstrate the use of this. Thanks to Yann Guidon for
1127 contributing the EXE header code.
1129 ndisasm forgot to check whether the input file had been successfully
1130 opened. Now it does. Doh!
1132 Added the Cyrix extensions to the MMX instruction set.
1134 Added a hinting mechanism to allow [EAX+EBX] and [EBX+EAX] to be
1135 assembled differently. This is important since [ESI+EBP] and
1136 [EBP+ESI] have different default base segment registers.
1138 Added support for the PharLap OMF extension for 4096-byte segment
1142 0.95 released July 1997
1143 -----------------------
1145 Fixed yet another ELF bug. This one manifested if the user relied on
1146 the default segment, and attempted to define global symbols without
1147 first explicitly declaring the target segment.
1149 Added makefiles (for NASM and the RDF tools) to build Win32 console
1150 apps under Symantec C++. Donated by Mark Junker.
1152 Added `macros.bas' and `insns.bas', QBasic versions of the Perl
1153 scripts that convert `standard.mac' to `macros.c' and convert
1154 `insns.dat' to `insnsa.c' and `insnsd.c'. Also thanks to Mark
1157 Changed the diassembled forms of the conditional instructions so
1158 that JB is now emitted as JC, and other similar changes. Suggested
1159 list by Ulrich Doewich.
1161 Added `@' to the list of valid characters to begin an identifier
1164 Documentary changes, notably the addition of the `Common Problems'
1165 section in nasm.doc.
1167 Fixed a bug relating to 32-bit PC-relative fixups in OBJ.
1169 Fixed a bug in perm_copy() in labels.c which was causing exceptions
1170 in cleanup_labels() on some systems.
1172 Positivity sanity check in TIMES argument changed from a warning to
1173 an error following a further complaint.
1175 Changed the acceptable limits on byte and word operands to allow
1176 things like `~10111001b' to work.
1178 Fixed a major problem in the preprocessor which caused seg-faults if
1179 macro definitions contained blank lines or comment-only lines.
1181 Fixed inadequate error checking on the commas separating the
1182 arguments to `db', `dw' etc.
1184 Fixed a crippling bug in the handling of macros with operand counts
1185 defined with a `+' modifier.
1187 Fixed a bug whereby object file formats which stored the input file
1188 name in the output file (such as OBJ and COFF) weren't doing so
1189 correctly when the output file name was specified on the command
1192 Removed [INC] and [INCLUDE] support for good, since they were
1195 Fixed a bug in OBJ which caused all fixups to be output in 16-bit
1196 (old-format) FIXUPP records, rather than putting the 32-bit ones in
1197 FIXUPP32 (new-format) records.
1199 Added, tentatively, OS/2 object file support (as a minor variant on
1202 Updates to Fox Cutter's Borland C makefile, Makefile.bc2.
1204 Removed a spurious second fclose() on the output file.
1206 Added the `-s' command line option to redirect all messages which
1207 would go to stderr (errors, help text) to stdout instead.
1209 Added the `-w' command line option to selectively suppress some
1210 classes of assembly warning messages.
1212 Added the `-p' pre-include and `-d' pre-define command-line options.
1214 Added an include file search path: the `-i' command line option.
1216 Fixed a silly little preprocessor bug whereby starting a line with a
1217 `%!' environment-variable reference caused an `unknown directive'
1220 Added the long-awaited listing file support: the `-l' command line
1223 Fixed a problem with OBJ format whereby, in the absence of any
1224 explicit segment definition, non-global symbols declared in the
1225 implicit default segment generated spurious EXTDEF records in the
1228 Added the NASM environment variable.
1230 From this version forward, Win32 console-mode binaries will be
1231 included in the DOS distribution in addition to the 16-bit binaries.
1232 Added Makefile.vc for this purpose.
1234 Added `return 0;' to test/objlink.c to prevent compiler warnings.
1236 Added the __NASM_MAJOR__ and __NASM_MINOR__ standard defines.
1238 Added an alternative memory-reference syntax in which prefixing an
1239 operand with `&' is equivalent to enclosing it in square brackets,
1240 at the request of Fox Cutter.
1242 Errors in pass two now cause the program to return a non-zero error
1243 code, which they didn't before.
1245 Fixed the single-line macro cycle detection, which didn't work at
1246 all on macros with no parameters (caused an infinite loop). Also
1247 changed the behaviour of single-line macro cycle detection to work
1248 like cpp, so that macros like `extrn' as given in the documentation
1251 Fixed the implementation of WRT, which was too restrictive in that
1252 you couldn't do `mov ax,[di+abc wrt dgroup]' because (di+abc) wasn't
1253 a relocatable reference.
1256 0.94 released April 1997
1257 ------------------------
1259 Major item: added the macro processor.
1261 Added undocumented instructions SMI, IBTS, XBTS and LOADALL286. Also
1262 reorganised CMPXCHG instruction into early-486 and Pentium forms.
1263 Thanks to Thobias Jones for the information.
1265 Fixed two more stupid bugs in ELF, which were causing `ld' to
1266 continue to seg-fault in a lot of non-trivial cases.
1268 Fixed a seg-fault in the label manager.
1270 Stopped FBLD and FBSTP from _requiring_ the TWORD keyword, which is
1271 the only option for BCD loads/stores in any case.
1273 Ensured FLDCW, FSTCW and FSTSW can cope with the WORD keyword, if
1274 anyone bothers to provide it. Previously they complained unless no
1275 keyword at all was present.
1277 Some forms of FDIV/FDIVR and FSUB/FSUBR were still inverted: a
1278 vestige of a bug that I thought had been fixed in 0.92. This was
1279 fixed, hopefully for good this time...
1281 Another minor phase error (insofar as a phase error can _ever_ be
1282 minor) fixed, this one occurring in code of the form
1283 rol ax,forward_reference
1284 forward_reference equ 1
1286 The number supplied to TIMES is now sanity-checked for positivity,
1287 and also may be greater than 64K (which previously didn't work on
1290 Added Watcom C makefiles, and misc/pmw.bat, donated by Dominik Behr.
1292 Added the INCBIN pseudo-opcode.
1294 Due to the advent of the preprocessor, the [INCLUDE] and [INC]
1295 directives have become obsolete. They are still supported in this
1296 version, with a warning, but won't be in the next.
1298 Fixed a bug in OBJ format, which caused incorrect object records to
1299 be output when absolute labels were made global.
1301 Updates to RDOFF subdirectory, and changes to outrdf.c.
1304 0.93 released January 1997
1305 --------------------------
1307 This release went out in a great hurry after semi-crippling bugs
1310 Really _did_ fix the stack overflows this time. *blush*
1312 Had problems with EA instruction sizes changing between passes, when
1313 an offset contained a forward reference and so 4 bytes were
1314 allocated for the offset in pass one; by pass two the symbol had
1315 been defined and happened to be a small absolute value, so only 1
1316 byte got allocated, causing instruction size mismatch between passes
1317 and hence incorrect address calculations. Fixed.
1319 Stupid bug in the revised ELF section generation fixed (associated
1320 string-table section for .symtab was hard-coded as 7, even when this
1321 didn't fit with the real section table). Was causing `ld' to
1322 seg-fault under Linux.
1324 Included a new Borland C makefile, Makefile.bc2, donated by Fox
1325 Cutter <lmb@comtch.iea.com>.
1328 0.92 released January 1997
1329 --------------------------
1331 The FDIVP/FDIVRP and FSUBP/FSUBRP pairs had been inverted: this was
1332 fixed. This also affected the LCC driver.
1334 Fixed a bug regarding 32-bit effective addresses of the form
1335 [other_register+ESP].
1337 Documentary changes, notably documentation of the fact that Borland
1338 Win32 compilers use `obj' rather than `win32' object format.
1340 Fixed the COMENT record in OBJ files, which was formatted
1343 Fixed a bug causing segfaults in large RDF files.
1345 OBJ format now strips initial periods from segment and group
1346 definitions, in order to avoid complications with the local label
1349 Fixed a bug in disassembling far calls and jumps in NDISASM.
1351 Added support for user-defined sections in COFF and ELF files.
1353 Compiled the DOS binaries with a sensible amount of stack, to
1354 prevent stack overflows on any arithmetic expression containing
1357 Fixed a bug in handling of files that do not terminate in a newline.
1360 0.91 released November 1996
1361 ---------------------------
1364 Support for RDF added.
1365 Support for DBG debugging format added.
1366 Support for 32-bit extensions to Microsoft OBJ format added.
1367 Revised for Borland C: some variable names changed, makefile added.
1368 LCC support revised to actually work.
1369 JMP/CALL NEAR/FAR notation added.
1370 `a16', `o16', `a32' and `o32' prefixes added.
1371 Range checking on short jumps implemented.
1372 MMX instruction support added.
1373 Negative floating point constant support added.
1374 Memory handling improved to bypass 64K barrier under DOS.
1375 $ prefix to force treatment of reserved words as identifiers added.
1376 Default-size mechanism for object formats added.
1377 Compile-time configurability added.
1378 `#', `@', `~' and `?' are now valid characters in labels.
1379 `-e' and `-k' options in NDISASM added.
1382 0.90 released October 1996
1383 --------------------------
1385 First release version. First support for object file output. Other
1386 changes from previous version (0.3x) too numerous to document.