lily/midi-item.cc

   1 /*
   2   midi-item.cc -- implement Midi items.
   3
   4   source file of the GNU LilyPond music typesetter
   5
   6   (c)  1997--1999 Jan Nieuwenhuizen <janneke@gnu.org>
   7  */
   8
   9 #include "proto.hh"
  10 #include "debug.hh"
  11 #include "misc.hh"
  12 #include "string.hh"
  13 #include "string-convert.hh"
  14 #include "midi-item.hh"
  15 #include "midi-stream.hh"
  16 #include "audio-item.hh"
  17 #include "duration.hh"
  18
  19 #include "killing-cons.tcc"
  20
  21 Midi_item*
  22 Midi_item::midi_p (Audio_item* a)
  23 {
  24   if (Audio_key* i = dynamic_cast<Audio_key*> (a))
  25     return new Midi_key (i);
  26   else if (Audio_instrument* i = dynamic_cast<Audio_instrument*> (a))
  27     return i->str_.length_i () ? new Midi_instrument (i) : 0;
  28   else if (Audio_note* i = dynamic_cast<Audio_note*> (a))
  29     return new Midi_note (i);
  30   else if (Audio_tempo* i = dynamic_cast<Audio_tempo*> (a))
  31     return new Midi_tempo (i);
  32   else if (Audio_time_signature* i = dynamic_cast<Audio_time_signature*> (a))
  33     return new Midi_time_signature (i);
  34   else if (Audio_text* i = dynamic_cast<Audio_text*> (a))
  35     return i->text_str_.length_i () ? new Midi_text (i) : 0;
  36   else
  37     assert (0);
  38
  39   // isn't C++ grand?
  40   return 0;
  41 }
  42
  43 void
  44 Midi_chunk::set (String header_str, String data_str, String footer_str)
  45 {
  46   data_str_ = data_str;
  47   footer_str_ = footer_str;
  48   header_str_ = header_str;
  49 }
  50
  51 String
  52 Midi_chunk::data_str () const
  53 {
  54   return data_str_;
  55 }
  56
  57 String
  58 Midi_chunk::str () const
  59 {
  60   String str = header_str_;
  61   String dat = data_str ();
  62   String length_str = String_convert::i2hex_str (dat.length_i ()
  63     + footer_str_.length_i (), 8, '0');
  64   length_str = String_convert::hex2bin_str (length_str);
  65   str += length_str;
  66   str += dat;
  67   str += footer_str_;
  68   return str;
  69 }
  70
  71 Midi_duration::Midi_duration (Real seconds_f)
  72 {
  73   seconds_f_ = seconds_f;
  74 }
  75
  76 String
  77 Midi_duration::str () const
  78 {
  79   return String ("<duration: ") + to_str (seconds_f_) + ">";
  80 }
  81
  82 Midi_event::Midi_event (Moment delta_mom, Midi_item* midi_p)
  83 {
  84   delta_mom_ = delta_mom;
  85   midi_p_ = midi_p;
  86 }
  87
  88 String
  89 Midi_event::str () const
  90 {
  91   int delta_i = delta_mom_ * Moment (Duration::division_1_i_s);
  92   String delta_str = Midi_item::i2varint_str (delta_i);
  93   String midi_str = midi_p_->str ();
  94   assert (midi_str.length_i ());
  95   return delta_str + midi_str;
  96 }
  97
  98
  99 Midi_header::Midi_header (int format_i, int tracks_i, int clocks_per_4_i)
 100 {
 101   String str;
 102
 103   String format_str = String_convert::i2hex_str (format_i, 4, '0');
 104   str += String_convert::hex2bin_str (format_str);
 105
 106   String tracks_str = String_convert::i2hex_str (tracks_i, 4, '0');
 107   str += String_convert::hex2bin_str (tracks_str);
 108
 109   String tempo_str = String_convert::i2hex_str (clocks_per_4_i, 4, '0');
 110   str += String_convert::hex2bin_str (tempo_str);
 111
 112   set ("MThd", str, "");
 113 }
 114
 115
 116 /* why doesn't this start at 0 ?
 117
 118    TODO: -> IN GUILE!
 119  */
 120 char const* const instrument_name_sz_a_[ ] = {
 121   /* default is usually piano */
 122   /* 0 "piano", */
 123
 124   /* (1-8 piano) */
 125   /* 1 */ "acoustic grand",
 126           /* 2 */ "bright acoustic",
 127           /* 3 */ "electric grand",
 128           /* 4 */ "honky-tonk",
 129           /* 5 */ "electric piano 1",
 130           /* 6 */ "electric piano 2",
 131           /* 7 */ "harpsichord",
 132           /* 8 */ "clav",
 133
 134           /* (9-16 chrom percussion) */
 135           /* 9 */ "celesta",
 136           /* 10 */ "glockenspiel",
 137           /* 11 */ "music box",
 138           /* 12 */ "vibraphone",
 139           /* 13 */ "marimba",
 140           /* 14 */ "xylophone",
 141           /* 15 */ "tubular bells",
 142           /* 16 */ "dulcimer",
 143
 144           /* (17-24 organ) */
 145           /* 17 */ "drawbar organ",
 146           /* 18 */ "percussive organ",
 147           /* 19 */ "rock organ",
 148           /* 20 */ "church organ",
 149           /* 21 */ "reed organ",
 150           /* 22 */ "accordion",
 151           /* 23 */ "harmonica",
 152           /* 24 */ "concertina",
 153
 154           /* (25-32 guitar) */
 155           /* 25 */ "acoustic guitar (nylon)",
 156           /* 26 */ "acoustic guitar (steel)",
 157           /* 27 */ "electric guitar (jazz)",
 158           /* 28 */ "electric guitar (clean)",
 159           /* 29 */ "electric guitar (muted)",
 160           /* 30 */ "overdriven guitar",
 161           /* 31 */ "distorted guitar",
 162           /* 32 */ "guitar harmonics",
 163
 164           /* (33-40 bass) */
 165           /* 33 */ "acoustic bass",
 166           /* 34 */ "electric bass (finger)",
 167           /* 35 */ "electric bass (pick)",
 168           /* 36 */ "fretless bass",
 169           /* 37 */ "slap bass 1",
 170           /* 38 */ "slap bass 2",
 171           /* 39 */ "synth bass 1",
 172           /* 40 */ "synth bass 2",
 173
 174           /* (41-48 strings) */
 175           /* 41 */ "violin",
 176           /* 42 */ "viola",
 177           /* 43 */ "cello",
 178           /* 44 */ "contrabass",
 179           /* 45 */ "tremolo strings",
 180           /* 46 */ "pizzicato strings",
 181           /* 47 */ "orchestral strings",
 182           /* 48 */ "timpani",
 183
 184           /* (49-56 ensemble) */
 185           /* 49 */ "string ensemble 1",
 186           /* 50 */ "string ensemble 2",
 187           /* 51 */ "synthstrings 1",
 188           /* 52 */ "synthstrings 2",
 189           /* 53 */ "choir aahs",
 190           /* 54 */ "voice oohs",
 191           /* 55 */ "synth voice",
 192           /* 56 */ "orchestra hit",
 193
 194           /* (57-64 brass) */
 195           /* 57 */ "trumpet",
 196           /* 58 */ "trombone",
 197           /* 59 */ "tuba",
 198           /* 60 */ "muted trumpet",
 199           /* 61 */ "french horn",
 200           /* 62 */ "brass section",
 201           /* 63 */ "synthbrass 1",
 202           /* 64 */ "synthbrass 2",
 203
 204           /* (65-72 reed) */
 205           /* 65 */ "soprano sax",
 206           /* 66 */ "alto sax",
 207           /* 67 */ "tenor sax",
 208           /* 68 */ "baritone sax",
 209           /* 69 */ "oboe",
 210           /* 70 */ "english horn",
 211           /* 71 */ "bassoon",
 212           /* 72 */ "clarinet",
 213
 214           /* (73-80 pipe) */
 215           /* 73 */ "piccolo",
 216           /* 74 */ "flute",
 217           /* 75 */ "recorder",
 218           /* 76 */ "pan flute",
 219           /* 77 */ "blown bottle",
 220           /* 78 */ "skakuhachi",
 221           /* 79 */ "whistle",
 222           /* 80 */ "ocarina",
 223
 224           /* (81-88 synth lead) */
 225           /* 81 */ "lead 1 (square)",
 226           /* 82 */ "lead 2 (sawtooth)",
 227           /* 83 */ "lead 3 (calliope)",
 228           /* 84 */ "lead 4 (chiff)",
 229           /* 85 */ "lead 5 (charang)",
 230           /* 86 */ "lead 6 (voice)",
 231           /* 87 */ "lead 7 (fifths)",
 232           /* 88 */ "lead 8 (bass+lead)",
 233
 234           /* (89-96 synth pad) */
 235           /* 89 */ "pad 1 (new age)",
 236           /* 90 */ "pad 2 (warm)",
 237           /* 91 */ "pad 3 (polysynth)",
 238           /* 92 */ "pad 4 (choir)",
 239           /* 93 */ "pad 5 (bowed)",
 240           /* 94 */ "pad 6 (metallic)",
 241           /* 95 */ "pad 7 (halo)",
 242           /* 96 */ "pad 8 (sweep)",
 243
 244           /* (97-104 synth effects) */
 245           /* 97 */ "fx 1 (rain)",
 246           /* 98 */ "fx 2 (soundtrack)",
 247           /* 99 */ "fx 3 (crystal)",
 248           /* 100 */ "fx 4 (atmosphere)",
 249           /* 101 */ "fx 5 (brightness)",
 250           /* 102 */ "fx 6 (goblins)",
 251           /* 103 */ "fx 7 (echoes)",
 252           /* 104 */ "fx 8 (sci-fi)",
 253
 254           /* (105-112 ethnic) */
 255           /* 105 */ "sitar",
 256           /* 106 */ "banjo",
 257           /* 107 */ "shamisen",
 258           /* 108 */ "koto",
 259           /* 109 */ "kalimba",
 260           /* 110 */ "bagpipe",
 261           /* 111 */ "fiddle",
 262           /* 112 */ "shanai",
 263
 264           /* (113-120 percussive) */
 265           /* 113 */ "tinkle bell",
 266           /* 114 */ "agogo",
 267           /* 115 */ "steel drums",
 268           /* 116 */ "woodblock",
 269           /* 117 */ "taiko drum",
 270           /* 118 */ "melodic tom",
 271           /* 119 */ "synth drum",
 272           /* 120 */ "reverse cymbal",
 273
 274           /* (121-128 sound effects) */
 275           /* 121 */ "guitar fret noise",
 276           /* 122 */ "breath noise",
 277           /* 123 */ "seashore",
 278           /* 124 */ "bird tweet",
 279           /* 125 */ "telephone ring",
 280           /* 126 */ "helicopter",
 281           /* 127 */ "applause",
 282           /* 128 */ "gunshot",
 283           0
 284 };
 285
 286 Midi_instrument::Midi_instrument (Audio_instrument* a)
 287 {
 288   audio_l_ = a;
 289   audio_l_->str_.to_lower ();
 290 }
 291
 292 String
 293 Midi_instrument::str () const
 294 {
 295   Byte program_byte = 0;
 296   bool found = false;
 297   for (int i = 0; !found && instrument_name_sz_a_[i]; i++)
 298     if (audio_l_->str_ == String (instrument_name_sz_a_[ i ]))
 299       {
 300         program_byte = (Byte)i;
 301         found = true;
 302       }
 303
 304   if (!found)
 305     {
 306       warning (_f ("no such instrument: `%s'", audio_l_->str_.ch_C ()));
 307     }
 308
 309   String str = to_str ((char) (0xc0 + channel_i_));
 310   str += to_str ((char)program_byte);
 311   return str;
 312 }
 313
 314 Midi_item::Midi_item ()
 315 {
 316   channel_i_ = 0;
 317 }
 318
 319 Midi_item::~Midi_item ()
 320 {
 321 }
 322
 323 String
 324 Midi_item::i2varint_str (int i)
 325 {
 326   int buffer_i = i & 0x7f;
 327   while ( (i >>= 7) > 0)
 328     {
 329       buffer_i <<= 8;
 330       buffer_i |= 0x80;
 331       buffer_i += (i & 0x7f);
 332     }
 333
 334   String str;
 335   while (1)
 336     {
 337       str += to_str ((char)buffer_i);
 338       if (buffer_i & 0x80)
 339         buffer_i >>= 8;
 340       else
 341         break;
 342     }
 343   return str;
 344 }
 345
 346 Midi_key::Midi_key (Audio_key*a)
 347 {
 348   audio_l_ = a;
 349 }
 350
 351 String
 352 Midi_key::str () const
 353 {
 354   int sharps_i = audio_l_->key_.sharps_i ();
 355   int flats_i = audio_l_->key_.flats_i ();
 356
 357   // midi cannot handle non-conventional keys
 358   if (flats_i && sharps_i)
 359     {
 360       String str = _f ("unconventional key: flats: %d, sharps: %d", flats_i,
 361         sharps_i);
 362       flats_i = sharps_i = 0;
 363     }
 364   int accidentals_i = sharps_i - flats_i;
 365
 366   String str = "ff5902";
 367   str += String_convert::i2hex_str (accidentals_i, 2, '0');
 368   str += String_convert::i2hex_str ((int)audio_l_->key_.minor_b (), 2, '0');
 369   return String_convert::hex2bin_str (str);
 370 }
 371
 372 Midi_time_signature::Midi_time_signature (Audio_time_signature* a)
 373 {
 374   audio_l_ = a;
 375   clocks_per_1_i_ = 18;
 376 }
 377
 378 String
 379 Midi_time_signature::str () const
 380 {
 381   int num_i = audio_l_->beats_i_;
 382   int den_i = audio_l_->one_beat_i_;
 383
 384   String str = "ff5804";
 385   str += String_convert::i2hex_str (num_i, 2, '0');
 386   str += String_convert::i2hex_str (intlog2 (den_i) , 2, '0');
 387   str += String_convert::i2hex_str (clocks_per_1_i_, 2, '0');
 388   str += String_convert::i2hex_str (8, 2, '0');
 389   return String_convert::hex2bin_str (str);
 390 }
 391
 392 Midi_note::Midi_note (Audio_note* a)
 393 {
 394   audio_l_ = a;
 395   dynamic_byte_ = 0x7f;
 396 }
 397
 398 Moment
 399 Midi_note::length_mom () const
 400 {
 401   Moment m = audio_l_->length_mom_;
 402 #if 0
 403   if (m < Moment (1, 1000))
 404     {
 405       warning (_ ("silly duration"));
 406       m = 1;
 407      }
 408 #endif
 409   return m;
 410 }
 411
 412 int
 413 Midi_note::pitch_i () const
 414 {
 415   int p = audio_l_->pitch_.semitone_pitch () + audio_l_->transposing_i_;
 416   if (p == INT_MAX)
 417     {
 418       warning (_ ("silly pitch"));
 419       p = 0;
 420      }
 421   return p;
 422 }
 423
 424 String
 425 Midi_note::str () const
 426 {
 427   Byte status_byte = (char) (0x90 + channel_i_);
 428
 429   String str = to_str ((char)status_byte);
 430   str += to_str ((char) (pitch_i () + c0_pitch_i_c_));
 431
 432   str += to_str ((char)dynamic_byte_);
 433   return str;
 434 }
 435
 436 Midi_note_off::Midi_note_off (Midi_note* n)
 437   : Midi_note (n->audio_l_)
 438 {
 439   on_l_ = n;
 440   channel_i_ = n->channel_i_;
 441
 442   // Anybody who hears any difference, or knows how this works?
 443   //  0 should definitely be avoided, notes stick on some sound cards.
 444   // 64 is supposed to be neutral
 445   aftertouch_byte_ = 64;
 446
 447 }
 448
 449 String
 450 Midi_note_off::str () const
 451 {
 452   Byte status_byte = (char) (0x80 + channel_i_);
 453
 454   String str = to_str ((char)status_byte);
 455   str += to_str ((char) (pitch_i () + Midi_note::c0_pitch_i_c_));
 456   str += to_str ((char)aftertouch_byte_);
 457   return str;
 458 }
 459
 460 Midi_tempo::Midi_tempo (Audio_tempo* a)
 461 {
 462   audio_l_ = a;
 463 }
 464
 465 String
 466 Midi_tempo::str () const
 467 {
 468   int useconds_per_4_i = 60 * (int)1e6 / audio_l_->per_minute_4_i_;
 469   String str = "ff5103";
 470   str += String_convert::i2hex_str (useconds_per_4_i, 6, '0');
 471   return String_convert::hex2bin_str (str);
 472 }
 473
 474 Midi_text::Midi_text (Audio_text* a)
 475 {
 476   audio_l_ = a;
 477 }
 478
 479 #if 0
 480 Midi_text::Midi_text (Midi_text::Type type, String text_str)
 481   : Audio_text ()
 482 {
 483   text_str_ = text_str;
 484   type_ = type;
 485 }
 486 #endif
 487
 488 String
 489 Midi_text::str () const
 490 {
 491   String str = "ff" + String_convert::i2hex_str (audio_l_->type_, 2, '0');
 492   str = String_convert::hex2bin_str (str);
 493   str += i2varint_str (audio_l_->text_str_.length_i ());
 494   str += audio_l_->text_str_;
 495   return str;
 496 }
 497
 498 Midi_track::Midi_track ()
 499   : Midi_chunk ()
 500 {
 501   //                4D 54 72 6B     MTrk
 502   //                00 00 00 3B     chunk length (59)
 503   //        00      FF 58 04 04 02 18 08    time signature
 504   //        00      FF 51 03 07 A1 20       tempo
 505
 506 // FF 59 02 sf mi  Key Signature
 507 //         sf = -7:  7 flats
 508 //         sf = -1:  1 flat
 509 //         sf = 0:  key of C
 510 //         sf = 1:  1 sharp
 511 //         sf = 7: 7 sharps
 512 //         mi = 0:  major key
 513 //         mi = 1:  minor key
 514
 515   number_i_ = 0;
 516
 517   char const* data_ch_C = ""
 518     //        "00" "ff58" "0404" "0218" "08"
 519     //  "00" "ff51" "0307" "a120"
 520     // why a key at all, in midi?
 521     // key: C
 522     //  "00" "ff59" "02" "00" "00"
 523     // key: F (scsii-menuetto)
 524     //                            "00" "ff59" "02" "ff" "00"
 525         ;
 526
 527   String data_str;
 528   // only for format 0 (currently using format 1)?
 529   data_str += String_convert::hex2bin_str (data_ch_C);
 530
 531   char const* footer_ch_C = "00" "ff2f" "00";
 532   String footer_str = String_convert::hex2bin_str (footer_ch_C);
 533
 534   set ("MTrk", data_str, footer_str);
 535 }
 536
 537 void
 538 Midi_track::add (Moment delta_time_mom, Midi_item* midi_p)
 539 {
 540   assert (delta_time_mom >= Moment (0));
 541
 542   Midi_event * e = new Midi_event (delta_time_mom, midi_p);
 543   event_p_list_.append (new Killing_cons<Midi_event> (e, 0));
 544 }
 545
 546 String
 547 Midi_track::data_str () const
 548 {
 549   String str = Midi_chunk::data_str ();
 550   if (flower_dstream && !flower_dstream->silent_b ("Midistrings"))
 551     str += "\n";
 552   for (Cons<Midi_event> *i=event_p_list_.head_; i; i = i->next_)
 553     {
 554       str += i->car_->str ();
 555       if (flower_dstream && !flower_dstream->silent_b ("Midistrings"))
 556         str += "\n";
 557     }
 558   return str;
 559 }