lily/midi-item.cc

   1 /*
   2   midi-item.cc -- implement Midi items.
   3
   4   source file of the GNU LilyPond music typesetter
   5
   6   (c)  1997--2000 Jan Nieuwenhuizen <janneke@gnu.org>
   7  */
   8
   9 #include "debug.hh"
  10 #include "misc.hh"
  11 #include "string.hh"
  12 #include "string-convert.hh"
  13 #include "midi-item.hh"
  14 #include "midi-stream.hh"
  15 #include "audio-item.hh"
  16 #include "duration.hh"
  17
  18 #include "killing-cons.tcc"
  19
  20 Midi_item*
  21 Midi_item::midi_p (Audio_item* a)
  22 {
  23   if (Audio_key* i = dynamic_cast<Audio_key*> (a))
  24     return new Midi_key (i);
  25   else if (Audio_instrument* i = dynamic_cast<Audio_instrument*> (a))
  26     return i->str_.length_i () ? new Midi_instrument (i) : 0;
  27   else if (Audio_note* i = dynamic_cast<Audio_note*> (a))
  28     return new Midi_note (i);
  29   else if (Audio_dynamic* i = dynamic_cast<Audio_dynamic*> (a))
  30     return new Midi_dynamic (i);
  31   else if (Audio_piano_pedal* i = dynamic_cast<Audio_piano_pedal*> (a))
  32     return new Midi_piano_pedal (i);
  33   else if (Audio_tempo* i = dynamic_cast<Audio_tempo*> (a))
  34     return new Midi_tempo (i);
  35   else if (Audio_time_signature* i = dynamic_cast<Audio_time_signature*> (a))
  36     return new Midi_time_signature (i);
  37   else if (Audio_text* i = dynamic_cast<Audio_text*> (a))
  38     return i->text_str_.length_i () ? new Midi_text (i) : 0;
  39   else
  40     assert (0);
  41
  42   // isn't C++ grand?
  43   return 0;
  44 }
  45
  46 void
  47 Midi_chunk::set (String header_str, String data_str, String footer_str)
  48 {
  49   data_str_ = data_str;
  50   footer_str_ = footer_str;
  51   header_str_ = header_str;
  52 }
  53
  54 String
  55 Midi_chunk::data_str () const
  56 {
  57   return data_str_;
  58 }
  59
  60 String
  61 Midi_chunk::str () const
  62 {
  63   String str = header_str_;
  64   String dat = data_str ();
  65   String length_str = String_convert::i2hex_str (dat.length_i ()
  66     + footer_str_.length_i (), 8, '0');
  67   length_str = String_convert::hex2bin_str (length_str);
  68   str += length_str;
  69   str += dat;
  70   str += footer_str_;
  71   return str;
  72 }
  73
  74 Midi_duration::Midi_duration (Real seconds_f)
  75 {
  76   seconds_f_ = seconds_f;
  77 }
  78
  79 String
  80 Midi_duration::str () const
  81 {
  82   return String ("<duration: ") + to_str (seconds_f_) + ">";
  83 }
  84
  85 Midi_event::Midi_event (Moment delta_mom, Midi_item* midi_p)
  86 {
  87   delta_mom_ = delta_mom;
  88   midi_p_ = midi_p;
  89 }
  90
  91 String
  92 Midi_event::str () const
  93 {
  94   int delta_i = delta_mom_ * Moment (384 * 4); // ugh.
  95
  96   String delta_str = Midi_item::i2varint_str (delta_i);
  97   String midi_str = midi_p_->str ();
  98   assert (midi_str.length_i ());
  99   return delta_str + midi_str;
 100 }
 101
 102
 103 Midi_header::Midi_header (int format_i, int tracks_i, int clocks_per_4_i)
 104 {
 105   String str;
 106
 107   String format_str = String_convert::i2hex_str (format_i, 4, '0');
 108   str += String_convert::hex2bin_str (format_str);
 109
 110   String tracks_str = String_convert::i2hex_str (tracks_i, 4, '0');
 111   str += String_convert::hex2bin_str (tracks_str);
 112
 113   String tempo_str = String_convert::i2hex_str (clocks_per_4_i, 4, '0');
 114   str += String_convert::hex2bin_str (tempo_str);
 115
 116   set ("MThd", str, "");
 117 }
 118
 119
 120 /* why doesn't this start at 0 ?
 121
 122    TODO: -> IN GUILE!
 123  */
 124 char const* const instrument_name_sz_a_[ ] = {
 125   /* default is usually piano */
 126   /* 0 "piano", */
 127
 128   /* (1-8 piano) */
 129   /* 1 */ "acoustic grand",
 130           /* 2 */ "bright acoustic",
 131           /* 3 */ "electric grand",
 132           /* 4 */ "honky-tonk",
 133           /* 5 */ "electric piano 1",
 134           /* 6 */ "electric piano 2",
 135           /* 7 */ "harpsichord",
 136           /* 8 */ "clav",
 137
 138           /* (9-16 chrom percussion) */
 139           /* 9 */ "celesta",
 140           /* 10 */ "glockenspiel",
 141           /* 11 */ "music box",
 142           /* 12 */ "vibraphone",
 143           /* 13 */ "marimba",
 144           /* 14 */ "xylophone",
 145           /* 15 */ "tubular bells",
 146           /* 16 */ "dulcimer",
 147
 148           /* (17-24 organ) */
 149           /* 17 */ "drawbar organ",
 150           /* 18 */ "percussive organ",
 151           /* 19 */ "rock organ",
 152           /* 20 */ "church organ",
 153           /* 21 */ "reed organ",
 154           /* 22 */ "accordion",
 155           /* 23 */ "harmonica",
 156           /* 24 */ "concertina",
 157
 158           /* (25-32 guitar) */
 159           /* 25 */ "acoustic guitar (nylon)",
 160           /* 26 */ "acoustic guitar (steel)",
 161           /* 27 */ "electric guitar (jazz)",
 162           /* 28 */ "electric guitar (clean)",
 163           /* 29 */ "electric guitar (muted)",
 164           /* 30 */ "overdriven guitar",
 165           /* 31 */ "distorted guitar",
 166           /* 32 */ "guitar harmonics",
 167
 168           /* (33-40 bass) */
 169           /* 33 */ "acoustic bass",
 170           /* 34 */ "electric bass (finger)",
 171           /* 35 */ "electric bass (pick)",
 172           /* 36 */ "fretless bass",
 173           /* 37 */ "slap bass 1",
 174           /* 38 */ "slap bass 2",
 175           /* 39 */ "synth bass 1",
 176           /* 40 */ "synth bass 2",
 177
 178           /* (41-48 strings) */
 179           /* 41 */ "violin",
 180           /* 42 */ "viola",
 181           /* 43 */ "cello",
 182           /* 44 */ "contrabass",
 183           /* 45 */ "tremolo strings",
 184           /* 46 */ "pizzicato strings",
 185           /* 47 */ "orchestral strings",
 186           /* 48 */ "timpani",
 187
 188           /* (49-56 ensemble) */
 189           /* 49 */ "string ensemble 1",
 190           /* 50 */ "string ensemble 2",
 191           /* 51 */ "synthstrings 1",
 192           /* 52 */ "synthstrings 2",
 193           /* 53 */ "choir aahs",
 194           /* 54 */ "voice oohs",
 195           /* 55 */ "synth voice",
 196           /* 56 */ "orchestra hit",
 197
 198           /* (57-64 brass) */
 199           /* 57 */ "trumpet",
 200           /* 58 */ "trombone",
 201           /* 59 */ "tuba",
 202           /* 60 */ "muted trumpet",
 203           /* 61 */ "french horn",
 204           /* 62 */ "brass section",
 205           /* 63 */ "synthbrass 1",
 206           /* 64 */ "synthbrass 2",
 207
 208           /* (65-72 reed) */
 209           /* 65 */ "soprano sax",
 210           /* 66 */ "alto sax",
 211           /* 67 */ "tenor sax",
 212           /* 68 */ "baritone sax",
 213           /* 69 */ "oboe",
 214           /* 70 */ "english horn",
 215           /* 71 */ "bassoon",
 216           /* 72 */ "clarinet",
 217
 218           /* (73-80 pipe) */
 219           /* 73 */ "piccolo",
 220           /* 74 */ "flute",
 221           /* 75 */ "recorder",
 222           /* 76 */ "pan flute",
 223           /* 77 */ "blown bottle",
 224           /* 78 */ "skakuhachi",
 225           /* 79 */ "whistle",
 226           /* 80 */ "ocarina",
 227
 228           /* (81-88 synth lead) */
 229           /* 81 */ "lead 1 (square)",
 230           /* 82 */ "lead 2 (sawtooth)",
 231           /* 83 */ "lead 3 (calliope)",
 232           /* 84 */ "lead 4 (chiff)",
 233           /* 85 */ "lead 5 (charang)",
 234           /* 86 */ "lead 6 (voice)",
 235           /* 87 */ "lead 7 (fifths)",
 236           /* 88 */ "lead 8 (bass+lead)",
 237
 238           /* (89-96 synth pad) */
 239           /* 89 */ "pad 1 (new age)",
 240           /* 90 */ "pad 2 (warm)",
 241           /* 91 */ "pad 3 (polysynth)",
 242           /* 92 */ "pad 4 (choir)",
 243           /* 93 */ "pad 5 (bowed)",
 244           /* 94 */ "pad 6 (metallic)",
 245           /* 95 */ "pad 7 (halo)",
 246           /* 96 */ "pad 8 (sweep)",
 247
 248           /* (97-104 synth effects) */
 249           /* 97 */ "fx 1 (rain)",
 250           /* 98 */ "fx 2 (soundtrack)",
 251           /* 99 */ "fx 3 (crystal)",
 252           /* 100 */ "fx 4 (atmosphere)",
 253           /* 101 */ "fx 5 (brightness)",
 254           /* 102 */ "fx 6 (goblins)",
 255           /* 103 */ "fx 7 (echoes)",
 256           /* 104 */ "fx 8 (sci-fi)",
 257
 258           /* (105-112 ethnic) */
 259           /* 105 */ "sitar",
 260           /* 106 */ "banjo",
 261           /* 107 */ "shamisen",
 262           /* 108 */ "koto",
 263           /* 109 */ "kalimba",
 264           /* 110 */ "bagpipe",
 265           /* 111 */ "fiddle",
 266           /* 112 */ "shanai",
 267
 268           /* (113-120 percussive) */
 269           /* 113 */ "tinkle bell",
 270           /* 114 */ "agogo",
 271           /* 115 */ "steel drums",
 272           /* 116 */ "woodblock",
 273           /* 117 */ "taiko drum",
 274           /* 118 */ "melodic tom",
 275           /* 119 */ "synth drum",
 276           /* 120 */ "reverse cymbal",
 277
 278           /* (121-128 sound effects) */
 279           /* 121 */ "guitar fret noise",
 280           /* 122 */ "breath noise",
 281           /* 123 */ "seashore",
 282           /* 124 */ "bird tweet",
 283           /* 125 */ "telephone ring",
 284           /* 126 */ "helicopter",
 285           /* 127 */ "applause",
 286           /* 128 */ "gunshot",
 287           0
 288 };
 289
 290 Midi_instrument::Midi_instrument (Audio_instrument* a)
 291 {
 292   audio_l_ = a;
 293   audio_l_->str_.to_lower ();
 294 }
 295
 296 String
 297 Midi_instrument::str () const
 298 {
 299   Byte program_byte = 0;
 300   bool found = false;
 301   for (int i = 0; !found && instrument_name_sz_a_[i]; i++)
 302     if (audio_l_->str_ == String (instrument_name_sz_a_[ i ]))
 303       {
 304         program_byte = (Byte)i;
 305         found = true;
 306       }
 307
 308   if (!found)
 309     {
 310       warning (_f ("no such instrument: `%s'", audio_l_->str_.ch_C ()));
 311     }
 312
 313   String str = to_str ((char) (0xc0 + channel_i_));
 314   str += to_str ((char)program_byte);
 315   return str;
 316 }
 317
 318 Midi_item::Midi_item ()
 319 {
 320   channel_i_ = 0;
 321 }
 322
 323 Midi_item::~Midi_item ()
 324 {
 325 }
 326
 327 String
 328 Midi_item::i2varint_str (int i)
 329 {
 330   int buffer_i = i & 0x7f;
 331   while ( (i >>= 7) > 0)
 332     {
 333       buffer_i <<= 8;
 334       buffer_i |= 0x80;
 335       buffer_i += (i & 0x7f);
 336     }
 337
 338   String str;
 339   while (1)
 340     {
 341       str += to_str ((char)buffer_i);
 342       if (buffer_i & 0x80)
 343         buffer_i >>= 8;
 344       else
 345         break;
 346     }
 347   return str;
 348 }
 349
 350 Midi_key::Midi_key (Audio_key*a)
 351 {
 352   audio_l_ = a;
 353 }
 354
 355 String
 356 Midi_key::str () const
 357 {
 358   // fxime.
 359   int sharps_i = 0; //audio_l_->key_.sharps_i ();
 360   int flats_i = 0; //audio_l_->key_.flats_i ();
 361
 362   // midi cannot handle non-conventional keys
 363   if (flats_i && sharps_i)
 364     {
 365       String str = _f ("unconventional key: flats: %d, sharps: %d", flats_i,
 366         sharps_i);
 367       flats_i = sharps_i = 0;
 368     }
 369   int accidentals_i = sharps_i - flats_i;
 370
 371   String str = "ff5902";
 372   str += String_convert::i2hex_str (accidentals_i, 2, '0');
 373
 374   // (int)audio_l_->key_.minor_b ()
 375   str += String_convert::i2hex_str (0, 2, '0');
 376   return String_convert::hex2bin_str (str);
 377 }
 378
 379 Midi_time_signature::Midi_time_signature (Audio_time_signature* a)
 380 {
 381   audio_l_ = a;
 382   clocks_per_1_i_ = 18;
 383 }
 384
 385 String
 386 Midi_time_signature::str () const
 387 {
 388   int num_i = audio_l_->beats_i_;
 389   int den_i = audio_l_->one_beat_i_;
 390
 391   String str = "ff5804";
 392   str += String_convert::i2hex_str (num_i, 2, '0');
 393   str += String_convert::i2hex_str (intlog2 (den_i) , 2, '0');
 394   str += String_convert::i2hex_str (clocks_per_1_i_, 2, '0');
 395   str += String_convert::i2hex_str (8, 2, '0');
 396   return String_convert::hex2bin_str (str);
 397 }
 398
 399 Midi_note::Midi_note (Audio_note* a)
 400 {
 401   audio_l_ = a;
 402   dynamic_byte_ = 0x7f;
 403 }
 404
 405 Moment
 406 Midi_note::length_mom () const
 407 {
 408   Moment m = audio_l_->length_mom_;
 409 #if 0
 410   if (m < Moment (1, 1000))
 411     {
 412       warning (_ ("silly duration"));
 413       m = 1;
 414      }
 415 #endif
 416   return m;
 417 }
 418
 419 int
 420 Midi_note::pitch_i () const
 421 {
 422   int p = audio_l_->pitch_.semitone_pitch () + audio_l_->transposing_i_;
 423   if (p == INT_MAX)
 424     {
 425       warning (_ ("silly pitch"));
 426       p = 0;
 427      }
 428   return p;
 429 }
 430
 431 String
 432 Midi_note::str () const
 433 {
 434   Byte status_byte = (char) (0x90 + channel_i_);
 435
 436   String str = to_str ((char)status_byte);
 437   str += to_str ((char) (pitch_i () + c0_pitch_i_c_));
 438
 439   str += to_str ((char)dynamic_byte_);
 440   return str;
 441 }
 442
 443 Midi_note_off::Midi_note_off (Midi_note* n)
 444   : Midi_note (n->audio_l_)
 445 {
 446   on_l_ = n;
 447   channel_i_ = n->channel_i_;
 448
 449   // Anybody who hears any difference, or knows how this works?
 450   //  0 should definitely be avoided, notes stick on some sound cards.
 451   // 64 is supposed to be neutral
 452   aftertouch_byte_ = 64;
 453
 454 }
 455
 456 String
 457 Midi_note_off::str () const
 458 {
 459   Byte status_byte = (char) (0x80 + channel_i_);
 460
 461   String str = to_str ((char)status_byte);
 462   str += to_str ((char) (pitch_i () + Midi_note::c0_pitch_i_c_));
 463   str += to_str ((char)aftertouch_byte_);
 464   return str;
 465 }
 466
 467 Midi_dynamic::Midi_dynamic (Audio_dynamic* a)
 468 {
 469   audio_l_ = a;
 470 }
 471
 472 String
 473 Midi_dynamic::str () const
 474 {
 475   Byte status_byte = (char) (0xB0 + channel_i_);
 476   String str = to_str ((char)status_byte);
 477
 478   /*
 479     Main volume controller (per channel):
 480     07 MSB
 481     27 LSB
 482    */
 483   static Real const full_scale = 127;
 484
 485   int volume = (int)(audio_l_->volume_*full_scale);
 486   if (volume <= 0)
 487     volume = 1;
 488   if (volume > full_scale)
 489     volume = (int)full_scale;
 490
 491   str += to_str ((char)0x07);
 492   str += to_str ((char)volume);
 493   return str;
 494 }
 495
 496 Midi_piano_pedal::Midi_piano_pedal (Audio_piano_pedal* a)
 497 {
 498   audio_l_ = a;
 499 }
 500
 501 String
 502 Midi_piano_pedal::str () const
 503 {
 504   Byte status_byte = (char) (0xB0 + channel_i_);
 505   String str = to_str ((char)status_byte);
 506
 507   if (audio_l_->type_str_ == "Sostenuto")
 508     str += to_str ((char)0x42);
 509   else if (audio_l_->type_str_ == "Sustain")
 510     str += to_str ((char)0x40);
 511   else if (audio_l_->type_str_ == "UnaChorda")
 512     str += to_str ((char)0x43);
 513
 514   int pedal = ((1 - audio_l_->dir_) / 2 ) * 0x7f;
 515   str += to_str ((char)pedal);
 516   return str;
 517 }
 518
 519 Midi_tempo::Midi_tempo (Audio_tempo* a)
 520 {
 521   audio_l_ = a;
 522 }
 523
 524 String
 525 Midi_tempo::str () const
 526 {
 527   int useconds_per_4_i = 60 * (int)1e6 / audio_l_->per_minute_4_i_;
 528   String str = "ff5103";
 529   str += String_convert::i2hex_str (useconds_per_4_i, 6, '0');
 530   return String_convert::hex2bin_str (str);
 531 }
 532
 533 Midi_text::Midi_text (Audio_text* a)
 534 {
 535   audio_l_ = a;
 536 }
 537
 538 #if 0
 539 Midi_text::Midi_text (Midi_text::Type type, String text_str)
 540   : Audio_text ()
 541 {
 542   text_str_ = text_str;
 543   type_ = type;
 544 }
 545 #endif
 546
 547 String
 548 Midi_text::str () const
 549 {
 550   String str = "ff" + String_convert::i2hex_str (audio_l_->type_, 2, '0');
 551   str = String_convert::hex2bin_str (str);
 552   str += i2varint_str (audio_l_->text_str_.length_i ());
 553   str += audio_l_->text_str_;
 554   return str;
 555 }
 556
 557 Midi_track::Midi_track ()
 558   : Midi_chunk ()
 559 {
 560   //                4D 54 72 6B     MTrk
 561   //                00 00 00 3B     chunk length (59)
 562   //        00      FF 58 04 04 02 18 08    time signature
 563   //        00      FF 51 03 07 A1 20       tempo
 564
 565 // FF 59 02 sf mi  Key Signature
 566 //         sf = -7:  7 flats
 567 //         sf = -1:  1 flat
 568 //         sf = 0:  key of C
 569 //         sf = 1:  1 sharp
 570 //         sf = 7: 7 sharps
 571 //         mi = 0:  major key
 572 //         mi = 1:  minor key
 573
 574   number_i_ = 0;
 575
 576   char const* data_ch_C = ""
 577     //        "00" "ff58" "0404" "0218" "08"
 578     //  "00" "ff51" "0307" "a120"
 579     // why a key at all, in midi?
 580     // key: C
 581     //  "00" "ff59" "02" "00" "00"
 582     // key: F (scsii-menuetto)
 583     //                            "00" "ff59" "02" "ff" "00"
 584         ;
 585
 586   String data_str;
 587   // only for format 0 (currently using format 1)?
 588   data_str += String_convert::hex2bin_str (data_ch_C);
 589
 590   char const* footer_ch_C = "00" "ff2f" "00";
 591   String footer_str = String_convert::hex2bin_str (footer_ch_C);
 592
 593   set ("MTrk", data_str, footer_str);
 594 }
 595
 596 void
 597 Midi_track::add (Moment delta_time_mom, Midi_item* midi_p)
 598 {
 599   assert (delta_time_mom >= Moment (0));
 600
 601   Midi_event * e = new Midi_event (delta_time_mom, midi_p);
 602   event_p_list_.append (new Killing_cons<Midi_event> (e, 0));
 603 }
 604
 605 String
 606 Midi_track::data_str () const
 607 {
 608   String str = Midi_chunk::data_str ();
 609   if (flower_dstream && !flower_dstream->silent_b ("Midistrings"))
 610     str += "\n";
 611   for (Cons<Midi_event> *i=event_p_list_.head_; i; i = i->next_)
 612     {
 613       str += i->car_->str ();
 614       if (flower_dstream && !flower_dstream->silent_b ("Midistrings"))
 615         str += "\n";
 616     }
 617   return str;
 618 }