7 git-diff-index - Compares content and mode of blobs between the cache and repository
12 'git-diff-index' [-m] [--cached] [<common diff options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]
16 Compares the content and mode of the blobs found via a tree
17 object with the content of the current cache and, optionally
18 ignoring the stat state of the file on disk. When paths are
19 specified, compares only those named paths. Otherwise all
20 entries in the cache are compared.
24 include::diff-options.txt[]
27 The id of a tree object to diff against.
30 do not consider the on-disk file at all
33 By default, files recorded in the index but not checked
34 out are reported as deleted. This flag makes
35 "git-diff-index" say that all non-checked-out files are up
40 include::diff-format.txt[]
44 You can choose whether you want to trust the index file entirely
45 (using the '--cached' flag) or ask the diff logic to show any files
46 that don't match the stat state as being "tentatively changed". Both
47 of these operations are very useful indeed.
51 If '--cached' is specified, it allows you to ask:
53 show me the differences between HEAD and the current cache
54 contents (the ones I'd write with a "git-write-tree")
56 For example, let's say that you have worked on your working directory, updated
57 some files in the cache and are ready to commit. You want to see eactly
58 *what* you are going to commit is without having to write a new tree
59 object and compare it that way, and to do that, you just do
61 git-diff-index --cached $(cat .git/HEAD)
63 Example: let's say I had renamed `commit.c` to `git-commit.c`, and I had
64 done an "git-update-index" to make that effective in the index file.
65 "git-diff-files" wouldn't show anything at all, since the index file
66 matches my working directory. But doing a "git-diff-index" does:
68 torvalds@ppc970:~/git> git-diff-index --cached $(cat .git/HEAD)
69 -100644 blob 4161aecc6700a2eb579e842af0b7f22b98443f74 commit.c
70 +100644 blob 4161aecc6700a2eb579e842af0b7f22b98443f74 git-commit.c
72 You can trivially see that the above is a rename.
74 In fact, "git-diff-index --cached" *should* always be entirely equivalent to
75 actually doing a "git-write-tree" and comparing that. Except this one is much
76 nicer for the case where you just want to check where you are.
78 So doing a "git-diff-index --cached" is basically very useful when you are
79 asking yourself "what have I already marked for being committed, and
80 what's the difference to a previous tree".
84 The "non-cached" mode takes a different approach, and is potentially
85 the more useful of the two in that what it does can't be emulated with
86 a "git-write-tree" + "git-diff-tree". Thus that's the default mode.
87 The non-cached version asks the question:
89 show me the differences between HEAD and the currently checked out
90 tree - index contents _and_ files that aren't up-to-date
92 which is obviously a very useful question too, since that tells you what
93 you *could* commit. Again, the output matches the "git-diff-tree -r"
94 output to a tee, but with a twist.
96 The twist is that if some file doesn't match the cache, we don't have
97 a backing store thing for it, and we use the magic "all-zero" sha1 to
98 show that. So let's say that you have edited `kernel/sched.c`, but
99 have not actually done a "git-update-index" on it yet - there is no
100 "object" associated with the new state, and you get:
102 torvalds@ppc970:~/v2.6/linux> git-diff-index $(cat .git/HEAD )
103 *100644->100664 blob 7476bb......->000000...... kernel/sched.c
105 ie it shows that the tree has changed, and that `kernel/sched.c` has is
106 not up-to-date and may contain new stuff. The all-zero sha1 means that to
107 get the real diff, you need to look at the object in the working directory
108 directly rather than do an object-to-object diff.
110 NOTE! As with other commands of this type, "git-diff-index" does not
111 actually look at the contents of the file at all. So maybe
112 `kernel/sched.c` hasn't actually changed, and it's just that you
113 touched it. In either case, it's a note that you need to
114 "git-upate-cache" it to make the cache be in sync.
116 NOTE 2! You can have a mixture of files show up as "has been updated"
117 and "is still dirty in the working directory" together. You can always
118 tell which file is in which state, since the "has been updated" ones
119 show a valid sha1, and the "not in sync with the index" ones will
120 always have the special all-zero sha1.
125 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
129 Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
133 Part of the link:git.html[git] suite