6 git-fsck - Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database
12 'git fsck' [--tags] [--root] [--unreachable] [--cache] [--no-reflogs]
13 [--full] [--strict] [--verbose] [--lost-found] [<object>*]
17 Verifies the connectivity and validity of the objects in the database.
22 An object to treat as the head of an unreachability trace.
24 If no objects are given, 'git-fsck' defaults to using the
25 index file, all SHA1 references in .git/refs/*, and all reflogs (unless
26 --no-reflogs is given) as heads.
29 Print out objects that exist but that aren't readable from any
30 of the reference nodes.
39 Consider any object recorded in the index also as a head node for
40 an unreachability trace.
43 Do not consider commits that are referenced only by an
44 entry in a reflog to be reachable. This option is meant
45 only to search for commits that used to be in a ref, but
46 now aren't, but are still in that corresponding reflog.
49 Check not just objects in GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY
50 ($GIT_DIR/objects), but also the ones found in alternate
51 object pools listed in GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES
52 or $GIT_DIR/objects/info/alternates,
53 and in packed git archives found in $GIT_DIR/objects/pack
54 and corresponding pack subdirectories in alternate
58 Enable more strict checking, namely to catch a file mode
59 recorded with g+w bit set, which was created by older
60 versions of git. Existing repositories, including the
61 Linux kernel, git itself, and sparse repository have old
62 objects that triggers this check, but it is recommended
63 to check new projects with this flag.
69 Write dangling objects into .git/lost-found/commit/ or
70 .git/lost-found/other/, depending on type. If the object is
71 a blob, the contents are written into the file, rather than
74 It tests SHA1 and general object sanity, and it does full tracking of
75 the resulting reachability and everything else. It prints out any
76 corruption it finds (missing or bad objects), and if you use the
77 '--unreachable' flag it will also print out objects that exist but
78 that aren't readable from any of the specified head nodes.
82 git fsck --unreachable HEAD \
83 $(git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" refs/heads)
85 will do quite a _lot_ of verification on the tree. There are a few
86 extra validity tests to be added (make sure that tree objects are
87 sorted properly etc), but on the whole if 'git-fsck' is happy, you
90 Any corrupt objects you will have to find in backups or other archives
91 (i.e., you can just remove them and do an 'rsync' with some other site in
92 the hopes that somebody else has the object you have corrupted).
94 Of course, "valid tree" doesn't mean that it wasn't generated by some
95 evil person, and the end result might be crap. git is a revision
96 tracking system, not a quality assurance system ;)
101 expect dangling commits - potential heads - due to lack of head information::
102 You haven't specified any nodes as heads so it won't be
103 possible to differentiate between un-parented commits and
106 missing sha1 directory '<dir>'::
107 The directory holding the sha1 objects is missing.
109 unreachable <type> <object>::
110 The <type> object <object>, isn't actually referred to directly
111 or indirectly in any of the trees or commits seen. This can
112 mean that there's another root node that you're not specifying
113 or that the tree is corrupt. If you haven't missed a root node
114 then you might as well delete unreachable nodes since they
117 missing <type> <object>::
118 The <type> object <object>, is referred to but isn't present in
121 dangling <type> <object>::
122 The <type> object <object>, is present in the database but never
123 'directly' used. A dangling commit could be a root node.
125 warning: git-fsck: tree <tree> has full pathnames in it::
128 sha1 mismatch <object>::
129 The database has an object who's sha1 doesn't match the
131 This indicates a serious data integrity problem.
133 Environment Variables
134 ---------------------
136 GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY::
137 used to specify the object database root (usually $GIT_DIR/objects)
140 used to specify the index file of the index
142 GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES::
143 used to specify additional object database roots (usually unset)
147 Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
151 Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
155 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite