compat/mingw.c

   1 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
   2 #include "win32.h"
   3 #include <conio.h>
   4 #include <wchar.h>
   5 #include "../strbuf.h"
   6 #include "../run-command.h"
   7 #include "../cache.h"
   8
   9 static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
  10 unsigned int _CRT_fmode = _O_BINARY;
  11
  12 int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
  13 {
  14         int error = ENOSYS;
  15         switch(winerr) {
  16         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED: error = EACCES; break;
  17         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_DISABLED: error = EACCES; break;
  18         case ERROR_ACCOUNT_RESTRICTION: error = EACCES; break;
  19         case ERROR_ALREADY_ASSIGNED: error = EBUSY; break;
  20         case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  21         case ERROR_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW: error = ERANGE; break;
  22         case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND: error = EIO; break;
  23         case ERROR_BAD_DEVICE: error = ENODEV; break;
  24         case ERROR_BAD_DRIVER_LEVEL: error = ENXIO; break;
  25         case ERROR_BAD_EXE_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  26         case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  27         case ERROR_BAD_LENGTH: error = EINVAL; break;
  28         case ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME: error = ENOENT; break;
  29         case ERROR_BAD_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  30         case ERROR_BAD_UNIT: error = ENODEV; break;
  31         case ERROR_BAD_USERNAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  32         case ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  33         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  34         case ERROR_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
  35         case ERROR_BUSY_DRIVE: error = EBUSY; break;
  36         case ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED: error = ENOSYS; break;
  37         case ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE: error = EACCES; break;
  38         case ERROR_CANTOPEN: error = EIO; break;
  39         case ERROR_CANTREAD: error = EIO; break;
  40         case ERROR_CANTWRITE: error = EIO; break;
  41         case ERROR_CRC: error = EIO; break;
  42         case ERROR_CURRENT_DIRECTORY: error = EACCES; break;
  43         case ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE: error = EBUSY; break;
  44         case ERROR_DEV_NOT_EXIST: error = ENODEV; break;
  45         case ERROR_DIRECTORY: error = EINVAL; break;
  46         case ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY: error = ENOTEMPTY; break;
  47         case ERROR_DISK_CHANGE: error = EIO; break;
  48         case ERROR_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  49         case ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  50         case ERROR_ENVVAR_NOT_FOUND: error = EINVAL; break;
  51         case ERROR_EXE_MARKED_INVALID: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  52         case ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  53         case ERROR_FILE_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  54         case ERROR_FILE_INVALID: error = ENODEV; break;
  55         case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
  56         case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE: error = EIO; break;
  57         case ERROR_HANDLE_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  58         case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: error = ENOMEM; break;
  59         case ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS: error = EACCES; break;
  60         case ERROR_INVALID_ADDRESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  61         case ERROR_INVALID_BLOCK: error = EFAULT; break;
  62         case ERROR_INVALID_DATA: error = EINVAL; break;
  63         case ERROR_INVALID_DRIVE: error = ENODEV; break;
  64         case ERROR_INVALID_EXE_SIGNATURE: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  65         case ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS: error = EINVAL; break;
  66         case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION: error = ENOSYS; break;
  67         case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE: error = EBADF; break;
  68         case ERROR_INVALID_LOGON_HOURS: error = EACCES; break;
  69         case ERROR_INVALID_NAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  70         case ERROR_INVALID_OWNER: error = EINVAL; break;
  71         case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: error = EINVAL; break;
  72         case ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD: error = EPERM; break;
  73         case ERROR_INVALID_PRIMARY_GROUP: error = EINVAL; break;
  74         case ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER: error = EINVAL; break;
  75         case ERROR_INVALID_TARGET_HANDLE: error = EIO; break;
  76         case ERROR_INVALID_WORKSTATION: error = EACCES; break;
  77         case ERROR_IO_DEVICE: error = EIO; break;
  78         case ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE: error = EINTR; break;
  79         case ERROR_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  80         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
  81         case ERROR_LOGON_FAILURE: error = EACCES; break;
  82         case ERROR_MAPPED_ALIGNMENT: error = EINVAL; break;
  83         case ERROR_META_EXPANSION_TOO_LONG: error = E2BIG; break;
  84         case ERROR_MORE_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  85         case ERROR_NEGATIVE_SEEK: error = ESPIPE; break;
  86         case ERROR_NOACCESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  87         case ERROR_NONE_MAPPED: error = EINVAL; break;
  88         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  89         case ERROR_NOT_READY: error = EAGAIN; break;
  90         case ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE: error = EXDEV; break;
  91         case ERROR_NO_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  92         case ERROR_NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES: error = EIO; break;
  93         case ERROR_NO_PROC_SLOTS: error = EAGAIN; break;
  94         case ERROR_NO_SUCH_PRIVILEGE: error = EACCES; break;
  95         case ERROR_OPEN_FAILED: error = EIO; break;
  96         case ERROR_OPEN_FILES: error = EBUSY; break;
  97         case ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: error = EINTR; break;
  98         case ERROR_OUTOFMEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  99         case ERROR_PASSWORD_EXPIRED: error = EACCES; break;
 100         case ERROR_PATH_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 101         case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
 102         case ERROR_PIPE_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 103         case ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 104         case ERROR_PIPE_LISTENING: error = EPIPE; break;
 105         case ERROR_PIPE_NOT_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 106         case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD: error = EACCES; break;
 107         case ERROR_READ_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 108         case ERROR_SEEK: error = EIO; break;
 109         case ERROR_SEEK_ON_DEVICE: error = ESPIPE; break;
 110         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED: error = ENFILE; break;
 111         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
 112         case ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW: error = ENOMEM; break;
 113         case ERROR_SWAPERROR: error = ENOENT; break;
 114         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_MODULES: error = EMFILE; break;
 115         case ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES: error = EMFILE; break;
 116         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_MEDIA: error = ENXIO; break;
 117         case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_VOLUME: error = ENODEV; break;
 118         case ERROR_WAIT_NO_CHILDREN: error = ECHILD; break;
 119         case ERROR_WRITE_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 120         case ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT: error = EROFS; break;
 121         }
 122         return error;
 123 }
 124
 125 static inline int is_file_in_use_error(DWORD errcode)
 126 {
 127         switch (errcode) {
 128         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 129         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 130                 return 1;
 131         }
 132
 133         return 0;
 134 }
 135
 136 static int read_yes_no_answer(void)
 137 {
 138         char answer[1024];
 139
 140         if (fgets(answer, sizeof(answer), stdin)) {
 141                 size_t answer_len = strlen(answer);
 142                 int got_full_line = 0, c;
 143
 144                 /* remove the newline */
 145                 if (answer_len >= 2 && answer[answer_len-2] == '\r') {
 146                         answer[answer_len-2] = '\0';
 147                         got_full_line = 1;
 148                 } else if (answer_len >= 1 && answer[answer_len-1] == '\n') {
 149                         answer[answer_len-1] = '\0';
 150                         got_full_line = 1;
 151                 }
 152                 /* flush the buffer in case we did not get the full line */
 153                 if (!got_full_line)
 154                         while ((c = getchar()) != EOF && c != '\n')
 155                                 ;
 156         } else
 157                 /* we could not read, return the
 158                  * default answer which is no */
 159                 return 0;
 160
 161         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'y' && !answer[1])
 162                 return 1;
 163         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "yes", sizeof(answer)))
 164                 return 1;
 165         if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'n' && !answer[1])
 166                 return 0;
 167         if (!strncasecmp(answer, "no", sizeof(answer)))
 168                 return 0;
 169
 170         /* did not find an answer we understand */
 171         return -1;
 172 }
 173
 174 static int ask_yes_no_if_possible(const char *format, ...)
 175 {
 176         char question[4096];
 177         const char *retry_hook[] = { NULL, NULL, NULL };
 178         va_list args;
 179
 180         va_start(args, format);
 181         vsnprintf(question, sizeof(question), format, args);
 182         va_end(args);
 183
 184         if ((retry_hook[0] = getenv("GIT_ASK_YESNO"))) {
 185                 retry_hook[1] = question;
 186                 return !run_command_v_opt(retry_hook, 0);
 187         }
 188
 189         if (!isatty(_fileno(stdin)) || !isatty(_fileno(stderr)))
 190                 return 0;
 191
 192         while (1) {
 193                 int answer;
 194                 fprintf(stderr, "%s (y/n) ", question);
 195
 196                 if ((answer = read_yes_no_answer()) >= 0)
 197                         return answer;
 198
 199                 fprintf(stderr, "Sorry, I did not understand your answer. "
 200                                 "Please type 'y' or 'n'\n");
 201         }
 202 }
 203
 204 int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname)
 205 {
 206         int ret, tries = 0;
 207         wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 208         if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 209                 return -1;
 210
 211         /* read-only files cannot be removed */
 212         _wchmod(wpathname, 0666);
 213         while ((ret = _wunlink(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 214                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 215                         break;
 216                 /*
 217                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 218                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 219                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 220                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 221                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 222                  */
 223                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 224                 tries++;
 225         }
 226         while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 227                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Unlink of file '%s' failed. "
 228                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 229                ret = _wunlink(wpathname);
 230         return ret;
 231 }
 232
 233 static int is_dir_empty(const wchar_t *wpath)
 234 {
 235         WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 236         HANDLE handle;
 237         wchar_t wbuf[MAX_PATH + 2];
 238         wcscpy(wbuf, wpath);
 239         wcscat(wbuf, L"\\*");
 240         handle = FindFirstFileW(wbuf, &findbuf);
 241         if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
 242                 return GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 243
 244         while (!wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".") ||
 245                         !wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".."))
 246                 if (!FindNextFileW(handle, &findbuf)) {
 247                         DWORD err = GetLastError();
 248                         FindClose(handle);
 249                         return err == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 250                 }
 251         FindClose(handle);
 252         return 0;
 253 }
 254
 255 int mingw_rmdir(const char *pathname)
 256 {
 257         int ret, tries = 0;
 258         wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 259         if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 260                 return -1;
 261
 262         while ((ret = _wrmdir(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 263                 if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 264                         break;
 265                 if (!is_dir_empty(wpathname)) {
 266                         errno = ENOTEMPTY;
 267                         break;
 268                 }
 269                 /*
 270                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
 271                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 272                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 273                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 274                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 275                  */
 276                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
 277                 tries++;
 278         }
 279         while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 280                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Deletion of directory '%s' failed. "
 281                         "Should I try again?", pathname))
 282                ret = _wrmdir(wpathname);
 283         return ret;
 284 }
 285
 286 static int make_hidden(const wchar_t *path)
 287 {
 288         DWORD attribs = GetFileAttributesW(path);
 289         if (SetFileAttributesW(path, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN | attribs))
 290                 return 0;
 291         errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 292         return -1;
 293 }
 294
 295 void mingw_mark_as_git_dir(const char *dir)
 296 {
 297         wchar_t wdir[MAX_PATH];
 298         if (hide_dotfiles != HIDE_DOTFILES_FALSE && !is_bare_repository())
 299                 if (xutftowcs_path(wdir, dir) < 0 || make_hidden(wdir))
 300                         warning("Failed to make '%s' hidden", dir);
 301         git_config_set("core.hideDotFiles",
 302                 hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_FALSE ? "false" :
 303                 (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_DOTGITONLY ?
 304                  "dotGitOnly" : "true"));
 305 }
 306
 307 int mingw_mkdir(const char *path, int mode)
 308 {
 309         int ret;
 310         wchar_t wpath[MAX_PATH];
 311         if (xutftowcs_path(wpath, path) < 0)
 312                 return -1;
 313         ret = _wmkdir(wpath);
 314         if (!ret && hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE) {
 315                 /*
 316                  * In Windows a file or dir starting with a dot is not
 317                  * automatically hidden. So lets mark it as hidden when
 318                  * such a directory is created.
 319                  */
 320                 const char *start = basename((char*)path);
 321                 if (*start == '.')
 322                         return make_hidden(wpath);
 323         }
 324         return ret;
 325 }
 326
 327 int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
 328 {
 329         va_list args;
 330         unsigned mode;
 331         int fd;
 332         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 333
 334         va_start(args, oflags);
 335         mode = va_arg(args, int);
 336         va_end(args);
 337
 338         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 339                 filename = "nul";
 340
 341         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 342                 return -1;
 343         fd = _wopen(wfilename, oflags, mode);
 344
 345         if (fd < 0 && (oflags & O_CREAT) && errno == EACCES) {
 346                 DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 347                 if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 348                         errno = EISDIR;
 349         }
 350         if ((oflags & O_CREAT) && fd >= 0 &&
 351             hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE) {
 352                 /*
 353                  * In Windows a file or dir starting with a dot is not
 354                  * automatically hidden. So lets mark it as hidden when
 355                  * such a file is created.
 356                  */
 357                 const char *start = basename((char*)filename);
 358                 if (*start == '.' && make_hidden(wfilename))
 359                         warning("Could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 360         }
 361         return fd;
 362 }
 363
 364 #undef write
 365 ssize_t mingw_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
 366 {
 367         /*
 368          * While write() calls to a file on a local disk are translated
 369          * into WriteFile() calls with a maximum size of 64KB on Windows
 370          * XP and 256KB on Vista, no such cap is placed on writes to
 371          * files over the network on Windows XP.  Unfortunately, there
 372          * seems to be a limit of 32MB-28KB on X64 and 64MB-32KB on x86;
 373          * bigger writes fail on Windows XP.
 374          * So we cap to a nice 31MB here to avoid write failures over
 375          * the net without changing the number of WriteFile() calls in
 376          * the local case.
 377          */
 378         return write(fd, buf, min(count, 31 * 1024 * 1024));
 379 }
 380
 381 FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype)
 382 {
 383         int hide = 0;
 384         FILE *file;
 385         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 386         if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE &&
 387             basename((char*)filename)[0] == '.')
 388                 hide = access(filename, F_OK);
 389         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 390                 filename = "nul";
 391         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 392                 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 393                 return NULL;
 394         file = _wfopen(wfilename, wotype);
 395         if (file && hide && make_hidden(wfilename))
 396                 warning("Could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 397         return file;
 398 }
 399
 400 FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream)
 401 {
 402         int hide = 0;
 403         FILE *file;
 404         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 405         if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE &&
 406             basename((char*)filename)[0] == '.')
 407                 hide = access(filename, F_OK);
 408         if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 409                 filename = "nul";
 410         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 411                 xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 412                 return NULL;
 413         file = _wfreopen(wfilename, wotype, stream);
 414         if (file && hide && make_hidden(wfilename))
 415                 warning("Could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 416         return file;
 417 }
 418
 419 int mingw_access(const char *filename, int mode)
 420 {
 421         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 422         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 423                 return -1;
 424         /* X_OK is not supported by the MSVCRT version */
 425         return _waccess(wfilename, mode & ~X_OK);
 426 }
 427
 428 int mingw_chdir(const char *dirname)
 429 {
 430         wchar_t wdirname[MAX_PATH];
 431         if (xutftowcs_path(wdirname, dirname) < 0)
 432                 return -1;
 433         return _wchdir(wdirname);
 434 }
 435
 436 int mingw_chmod(const char *filename, int mode)
 437 {
 438         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 439         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 440                 return -1;
 441         return _wchmod(wfilename, mode);
 442 }
 443
 444 /*
 445  * The unit of FILETIME is 100-nanoseconds since January 1, 1601, UTC.
 446  * Returns the 100-nanoseconds ("hekto nanoseconds") since the epoch.
 447  */
 448 static inline long long filetime_to_hnsec(const FILETIME *ft)
 449 {
 450         long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + ft->dwLowDateTime;
 451         /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
 452         return winTime - 116444736000000000LL;
 453 }
 454
 455 static inline time_t filetime_to_time_t(const FILETIME *ft)
 456 {
 457         return (time_t)(filetime_to_hnsec(ft) / 10000000);
 458 }
 459
 460 /* We keep the do_lstat code in a separate function to avoid recursion.
 461  * When a path ends with a slash, the stat will fail with ENOENT. In
 462  * this case, we strip the trailing slashes and stat again.
 463  *
 464  * If follow is true then act like stat() and report on the link
 465  * target. Otherwise report on the link itself.
 466  */
 467 static int do_lstat(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 468 {
 469         WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fdata;
 470         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 471         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 472                 return -1;
 473
 474         if (GetFileAttributesExW(wfilename, GetFileExInfoStandard, &fdata)) {
 475                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 476                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 477                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 478                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 479                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 480                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 481                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 482                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 483                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 484                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 485                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 486                 if (fdata.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) {
 487                         WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 488                         HANDLE handle = FindFirstFileW(wfilename, &findbuf);
 489                         if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 490                                 if ((findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) &&
 491                                                 (findbuf.dwReserved0 == IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK)) {
 492                                         if (follow) {
 493                                                 char buffer[MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE];
 494                                                 buf->st_size = readlink(file_name, buffer, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
 495                                         } else {
 496                                                 buf->st_mode = S_IFLNK;
 497                                         }
 498                                         buf->st_mode |= S_IREAD;
 499                                         if (!(findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY))
 500                                                 buf->st_mode |= S_IWRITE;
 501                                 }
 502                                 FindClose(handle);
 503                         }
 504                 }
 505                 return 0;
 506         }
 507         switch (GetLastError()) {
 508         case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 509         case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 510         case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION:
 511         case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED:
 512                 errno = EACCES;
 513                 break;
 514         case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW:
 515                 errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
 516                 break;
 517         case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY:
 518                 errno = ENOMEM;
 519                 break;
 520         default:
 521                 errno = ENOENT;
 522                 break;
 523         }
 524         return -1;
 525 }
 526
 527 /* We provide our own lstat/fstat functions, since the provided
 528  * lstat/fstat functions are so slow. These stat functions are
 529  * tailored for Git's usage (read: fast), and are not meant to be
 530  * complete. Note that Git stat()s are redirected to mingw_lstat()
 531  * too, since Windows doesn't really handle symlinks that well.
 532  */
 533 static int do_stat_internal(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 534 {
 535         int namelen;
 536         char alt_name[PATH_MAX];
 537
 538         if (!do_lstat(follow, file_name, buf))
 539                 return 0;
 540
 541         /* if file_name ended in a '/', Windows returned ENOENT;
 542          * try again without trailing slashes
 543          */
 544         if (errno != ENOENT)
 545                 return -1;
 546
 547         namelen = strlen(file_name);
 548         if (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] != '/')
 549                 return -1;
 550         while (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] == '/')
 551                 --namelen;
 552         if (!namelen || namelen >= PATH_MAX)
 553                 return -1;
 554
 555         memcpy(alt_name, file_name, namelen);
 556         alt_name[namelen] = 0;
 557         return do_lstat(follow, alt_name, buf);
 558 }
 559
 560 int mingw_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 561 {
 562         return do_stat_internal(0, file_name, buf);
 563 }
 564 int mingw_stat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 565 {
 566         return do_stat_internal(1, file_name, buf);
 567 }
 568
 569 #undef fstat
 570 int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf)
 571 {
 572         HANDLE fh = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
 573         BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION fdata;
 574
 575         if (fh == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 576                 errno = EBADF;
 577                 return -1;
 578         }
 579         /* direct non-file handles to MS's fstat() */
 580         if (GetFileType(fh) != FILE_TYPE_DISK)
 581                 return _fstati64(fd, buf);
 582
 583         if (GetFileInformationByHandle(fh, &fdata)) {
 584                 buf->st_ino = 0;
 585                 buf->st_gid = 0;
 586                 buf->st_uid = 0;
 587                 buf->st_nlink = 1;
 588                 buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 589                 buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 590                         (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 591                 buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 592                 buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 593                 buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 594                 buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 595                 return 0;
 596         }
 597         errno = EBADF;
 598         return -1;
 599 }
 600
 601 static inline void time_t_to_filetime(time_t t, FILETIME *ft)
 602 {
 603         long long winTime = t * 10000000LL + 116444736000000000LL;
 604         ft->dwLowDateTime = winTime;
 605         ft->dwHighDateTime = winTime >> 32;
 606 }
 607
 608 int mingw_utime (const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times)
 609 {
 610         FILETIME mft, aft;
 611         int fh, rc;
 612         DWORD attrs;
 613         wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 614         if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 615                 return -1;
 616
 617         /* must have write permission */
 618         attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 619         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 620             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 621                 /* ignore errors here; open() will report them */
 622                 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY);
 623         }
 624
 625         if ((fh = _wopen(wfilename, O_RDWR | O_BINARY)) < 0) {
 626                 rc = -1;
 627                 goto revert_attrs;
 628         }
 629
 630         if (times) {
 631                 time_t_to_filetime(times->modtime, &mft);
 632                 time_t_to_filetime(times->actime, &aft);
 633         } else {
 634                 GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&mft);
 635                 aft = mft;
 636         }
 637         if (!SetFileTime((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fh), NULL, &aft, &mft)) {
 638                 errno = EINVAL;
 639                 rc = -1;
 640         } else
 641                 rc = 0;
 642         close(fh);
 643
 644 revert_attrs:
 645         if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 646             (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 647                 /* ignore errors again */
 648                 SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs);
 649         }
 650         return rc;
 651 }
 652
 653 unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds)
 654 {
 655         Sleep(seconds*1000);
 656         return 0;
 657 }
 658
 659 char *mingw_mktemp(char *template)
 660 {
 661         wchar_t wtemplate[MAX_PATH];
 662         if (xutftowcs_path(wtemplate, template) < 0)
 663                 return NULL;
 664         if (!_wmktemp(wtemplate))
 665                 return NULL;
 666         if (xwcstoutf(template, wtemplate, strlen(template) + 1) < 0)
 667                 return NULL;
 668         return template;
 669 }
 670
 671 int mkstemp(char *template)
 672 {
 673         char *filename = mktemp(template);
 674         if (filename == NULL)
 675                 return -1;
 676         return open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600);
 677 }
 678
 679 int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz)
 680 {
 681         FILETIME ft;
 682         long long hnsec;
 683
 684         GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
 685         hnsec = filetime_to_hnsec(&ft);
 686         tv->tv_sec = hnsec / 10000000;
 687         tv->tv_usec = (hnsec % 10000000) / 10;
 688         return 0;
 689 }
 690
 691 int pipe(int filedes[2])
 692 {
 693         HANDLE h[2];
 694
 695         /* this creates non-inheritable handles */
 696         if (!CreatePipe(&h[0], &h[1], NULL, 8192)) {
 697                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 698                 return -1;
 699         }
 700         filedes[0] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[0], O_NOINHERIT);
 701         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 702                 CloseHandle(h[0]);
 703                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 704                 return -1;
 705         }
 706         filedes[1] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[1], O_NOINHERIT);
 707         if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 708                 close(filedes[0]);
 709                 CloseHandle(h[1]);
 710                 return -1;
 711         }
 712         return 0;
 713 }
 714
 715 struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 716 {
 717         /* gmtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 718         memcpy(result, gmtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 719         return result;
 720 }
 721
 722 struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 723 {
 724         /* localtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 725         memcpy(result, localtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 726         return result;
 727 }
 728
 729 char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len)
 730 {
 731         int i;
 732         wchar_t wpointer[MAX_PATH];
 733         if (!_wgetcwd(wpointer, ARRAY_SIZE(wpointer)))
 734                 return NULL;
 735         if (xwcstoutf(pointer, wpointer, len) < 0)
 736                 return NULL;
 737         for (i = 0; pointer[i]; i++)
 738                 if (pointer[i] == '\\')
 739                         pointer[i] = '/';
 740         return pointer;
 741 }
 742
 743 #undef getenv
 744 char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
 745 {
 746         char *result = getenv(name);
 747         if (!result && !strcmp(name, "TMPDIR")) {
 748                 /* on Windows it is TMP and TEMP */
 749                 result = getenv("TMP");
 750                 if (!result)
 751                         result = getenv("TEMP");
 752         }
 753         else if (!result && !strcmp(name, "TERM")) {
 754                 /* simulate TERM to enable auto-color (see color.c) */
 755                 result = "winansi";
 756         }
 757         return result;
 758 }
 759
 760 /*
 761  * See http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft(vs.71).aspx
 762  * (Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments)
 763  */
 764 static const char *quote_arg(const char *arg)
 765 {
 766         /* count chars to quote */
 767         int len = 0, n = 0;
 768         int force_quotes = 0;
 769         char *q, *d;
 770         const char *p = arg;
 771         if (!*p) force_quotes = 1;
 772         while (*p) {
 773                 if (isspace(*p) || *p == '*' || *p == '?' || *p == '{' || *p == '\'')
 774                         force_quotes = 1;
 775                 else if (*p == '"')
 776                         n++;
 777                 else if (*p == '\\') {
 778                         int count = 0;
 779                         while (*p == '\\') {
 780                                 count++;
 781                                 p++;
 782                                 len++;
 783                         }
 784                         if (*p == '"')
 785                                 n += count*2 + 1;
 786                         continue;
 787                 }
 788                 len++;
 789                 p++;
 790         }
 791         if (!force_quotes && n == 0)
 792                 return arg;
 793
 794         /* insert \ where necessary */
 795         d = q = xmalloc(len+n+3);
 796         *d++ = '"';
 797         while (*arg) {
 798                 if (*arg == '"')
 799                         *d++ = '\\';
 800                 else if (*arg == '\\') {
 801                         int count = 0;
 802                         while (*arg == '\\') {
 803                                 count++;
 804                                 *d++ = *arg++;
 805                         }
 806                         if (*arg == '"') {
 807                                 while (count-- > 0)
 808                                         *d++ = '\\';
 809                                 *d++ = '\\';
 810                         }
 811                 }
 812                 *d++ = *arg++;
 813         }
 814         *d++ = '"';
 815         *d++ = 0;
 816         return q;
 817 }
 818
 819 static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
 820 {
 821         static char buf[100];
 822         char *p, *opt;
 823         int n, fd;
 824
 825         /* don't even try a .exe */
 826         n = strlen(cmd);
 827         if (n >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+n-4, ".exe"))
 828                 return NULL;
 829
 830         fd = open(cmd, O_RDONLY);
 831         if (fd < 0)
 832                 return NULL;
 833         n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
 834         close(fd);
 835         if (n < 4)      /* at least '#!/x' and not error */
 836                 return NULL;
 837
 838         if (buf[0] != '#' || buf[1] != '!')
 839                 return NULL;
 840         buf[n] = '\0';
 841         p = buf + strcspn(buf, "\r\n");
 842         if (!*p)
 843                 return NULL;
 844
 845         *p = '\0';
 846         if (!(p = strrchr(buf+2, '/')) && !(p = strrchr(buf+2, '\\')))
 847                 return NULL;
 848         /* strip options */
 849         if ((opt = strchr(p+1, ' ')))
 850                 *opt = '\0';
 851         return p+1;
 852 }
 853
 854 /*
 855  * Splits the PATH into parts.
 856  */
 857 static char **get_path_split(void)
 858 {
 859         char *p, **path, *envpath = getenv("PATH");
 860         int i, n = 0;
 861
 862         if (!envpath || !*envpath)
 863                 return NULL;
 864
 865         envpath = xstrdup(envpath);
 866         p = envpath;
 867         while (p) {
 868                 char *dir = p;
 869                 p = strchr(p, ';');
 870                 if (p) *p++ = '\0';
 871                 if (*dir) {     /* not earlier, catches series of ; */
 872                         ++n;
 873                 }
 874         }
 875         if (!n)
 876                 return NULL;
 877
 878         path = xmalloc((n+1)*sizeof(char *));
 879         p = envpath;
 880         i = 0;
 881         do {
 882                 if (*p)
 883                         path[i++] = xstrdup(p);
 884                 p = p+strlen(p)+1;
 885         } while (i < n);
 886         path[i] = NULL;
 887
 888         free(envpath);
 889
 890         return path;
 891 }
 892
 893 static void free_path_split(char **path)
 894 {
 895         char **p = path;
 896
 897         if (!path)
 898                 return;
 899
 900         while (*p)
 901                 free(*p++);
 902         free(path);
 903 }
 904
 905 /*
 906  * exe_only means that we only want to detect .exe files, but not scripts
 907  * (which do not have an extension)
 908  */
 909 static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, const char *cmd, int isexe, int exe_only)
 910 {
 911         char path[MAX_PATH];
 912         snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s\\%s.exe", dir, cmd);
 913
 914         if (!isexe && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 915                 return xstrdup(path);
 916         path[strlen(path)-4] = '\0';
 917         if ((!exe_only || isexe) && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 918                 if (!(GetFileAttributes(path) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 919                         return xstrdup(path);
 920         return NULL;
 921 }
 922
 923 /*
 924  * Determines the absolute path of cmd using the split path in path.
 925  * If cmd contains a slash or backslash, no lookup is performed.
 926  */
 927 static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, char **path, int exe_only)
 928 {
 929         char *prog = NULL;
 930         int len = strlen(cmd);
 931         int isexe = len >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+len-4, ".exe");
 932
 933         if (strchr(cmd, '/') || strchr(cmd, '\\'))
 934                 prog = xstrdup(cmd);
 935
 936         while (!prog && *path)
 937                 prog = lookup_prog(*path++, cmd, isexe, exe_only);
 938
 939         return prog;
 940 }
 941
 942 static int env_compare(const void *a, const void *b)
 943 {
 944         char *const *ea = a;
 945         char *const *eb = b;
 946         return strcasecmp(*ea, *eb);
 947 }
 948
 949 struct pinfo_t {
 950         struct pinfo_t *next;
 951         pid_t pid;
 952         HANDLE proc;
 953 } pinfo_t;
 954 struct pinfo_t *pinfo = NULL;
 955 CRITICAL_SECTION pinfo_cs;
 956
 957 static pid_t mingw_spawnve_fd(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
 958                               const char *dir,
 959                               int prepend_cmd, int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
 960 {
 961         STARTUPINFOW si;
 962         PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
 963         struct strbuf args;
 964         wchar_t wcmd[MAX_PATH], wdir[MAX_PATH], *wargs, *wenvblk = NULL;
 965         unsigned flags = CREATE_UNICODE_ENVIRONMENT;
 966         BOOL ret;
 967
 968         /* Determine whether or not we are associated to a console */
 969         HANDLE cons = CreateFile("CONOUT$", GENERIC_WRITE,
 970                         FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
 971                         FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
 972         if (cons == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 973                 /* There is no console associated with this process.
 974                  * Since the child is a console process, Windows
 975                  * would normally create a console window. But
 976                  * since we'll be redirecting std streams, we do
 977                  * not need the console.
 978                  * It is necessary to use DETACHED_PROCESS
 979                  * instead of CREATE_NO_WINDOW to make ssh
 980                  * recognize that it has no console.
 981                  */
 982                 flags |= DETACHED_PROCESS;
 983         } else {
 984                 /* There is already a console. If we specified
 985                  * DETACHED_PROCESS here, too, Windows would
 986                  * disassociate the child from the console.
 987                  * The same is true for CREATE_NO_WINDOW.
 988                  * Go figure!
 989                  */
 990                 CloseHandle(cons);
 991         }
 992         memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
 993         si.cb = sizeof(si);
 994         si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
 995         si.hStdInput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhin);
 996         si.hStdOutput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhout);
 997         si.hStdError = winansi_get_osfhandle(fherr);
 998
 999         if (xutftowcs_path(wcmd, cmd) < 0)
1000                 return -1;
1001         if (dir && xutftowcs_path(wdir, dir) < 0)
1002                 return -1;
1003
1004         /* concatenate argv, quoting args as we go */
1005         strbuf_init(&args, 0);
1006         if (prepend_cmd) {
1007                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(cmd);
1008                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1009                 if (quoted != cmd)
1010                         free(quoted);
1011         }
1012         for (; *argv; argv++) {
1013                 char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(*argv);
1014                 if (*args.buf)
1015                         strbuf_addch(&args, ' ');
1016                 strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1017                 if (quoted != *argv)
1018                         free(quoted);
1019         }
1020
1021         wargs = xmalloc((2 * args.len + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
1022         xutftowcs(wargs, args.buf, 2 * args.len + 1);
1023         strbuf_release(&args);
1024
1025         if (env) {
1026                 int count = 0;
1027                 char **e, **sorted_env;
1028                 int size = 0, wenvsz = 0, wenvpos = 0;
1029
1030                 for (e = env; *e; e++)
1031                         count++;
1032
1033                 /* environment must be sorted */
1034                 sorted_env = xmalloc(sizeof(*sorted_env) * (count + 1));
1035                 memcpy(sorted_env, env, sizeof(*sorted_env) * (count + 1));
1036                 qsort(sorted_env, count, sizeof(*sorted_env), env_compare);
1037
1038                 /* create environment block from temporary environment */
1039                 for (e = sorted_env; *e; e++) {
1040                         size = 2 * strlen(*e) + 2; /* +2 for final \0 */
1041                         ALLOC_GROW(wenvblk, (wenvpos + size) * sizeof(wchar_t), wenvsz);
1042                         wenvpos += xutftowcs(&wenvblk[wenvpos], *e, size) + 1;
1043                 }
1044                 /* add final \0 terminator */
1045                 wenvblk[wenvpos] = 0;
1046                 free(sorted_env);
1047         }
1048
1049         memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
1050         ret = CreateProcessW(wcmd, wargs, NULL, NULL, TRUE, flags,
1051                 wenvblk, dir ? wdir : NULL, &si, &pi);
1052
1053         free(wenvblk);
1054         free(wargs);
1055
1056         if (!ret) {
1057                 errno = ENOENT;
1058                 return -1;
1059         }
1060         CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
1061
1062         /*
1063          * The process ID is the human-readable identifier of the process
1064          * that we want to present in log and error messages. The handle
1065          * is not useful for this purpose. But we cannot close it, either,
1066          * because it is not possible to turn a process ID into a process
1067          * handle after the process terminated.
1068          * Keep the handle in a list for waitpid.
1069          */
1070         EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1071         {
1072                 struct pinfo_t *info = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pinfo_t));
1073                 info->pid = pi.dwProcessId;
1074                 info->proc = pi.hProcess;
1075                 info->next = pinfo;
1076                 pinfo = info;
1077         }
1078         LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1079
1080         return (pid_t)pi.dwProcessId;
1081 }
1082
1083 static pid_t mingw_spawnve(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
1084                            int prepend_cmd)
1085 {
1086         return mingw_spawnve_fd(cmd, argv, env, NULL, prepend_cmd, 0, 1, 2);
1087 }
1088
1089 pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
1090                      const char *dir,
1091                      int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1092 {
1093         pid_t pid;
1094         char **path = get_path_split();
1095         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1096
1097         if (!prog) {
1098                 errno = ENOENT;
1099                 pid = -1;
1100         }
1101         else {
1102                 const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(prog);
1103
1104                 if (interpr) {
1105                         const char *argv0 = argv[0];
1106                         char *iprog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1107                         argv[0] = prog;
1108                         if (!iprog) {
1109                                 errno = ENOENT;
1110                                 pid = -1;
1111                         }
1112                         else {
1113                                 pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(iprog, argv, env, dir, 1,
1114                                                        fhin, fhout, fherr);
1115                                 free(iprog);
1116                         }
1117                         argv[0] = argv0;
1118                 }
1119                 else
1120                         pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(prog, argv, env, dir, 0,
1121                                                fhin, fhout, fherr);
1122                 free(prog);
1123         }
1124         free_path_split(path);
1125         return pid;
1126 }
1127
1128 static int try_shell_exec(const char *cmd, char *const *argv, char **env)
1129 {
1130         const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(cmd);
1131         char **path;
1132         char *prog;
1133         int pid = 0;
1134
1135         if (!interpr)
1136                 return 0;
1137         path = get_path_split();
1138         prog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1139         if (prog) {
1140                 int argc = 0;
1141                 const char **argv2;
1142                 while (argv[argc]) argc++;
1143                 argv2 = xmalloc(sizeof(*argv) * (argc+1));
1144                 argv2[0] = (char *)cmd; /* full path to the script file */
1145                 memcpy(&argv2[1], &argv[1], sizeof(*argv) * argc);
1146                 pid = mingw_spawnve(prog, argv2, env, 1);
1147                 if (pid >= 0) {
1148                         int status;
1149                         if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1150                                 status = 255;
1151                         exit(status);
1152                 }
1153                 pid = 1;        /* indicate that we tried but failed */
1154                 free(prog);
1155                 free(argv2);
1156         }
1157         free_path_split(path);
1158         return pid;
1159 }
1160
1161 static void mingw_execve(const char *cmd, char *const *argv, char *const *env)
1162 {
1163         /* check if git_command is a shell script */
1164         if (!try_shell_exec(cmd, argv, (char **)env)) {
1165                 int pid, status;
1166
1167                 pid = mingw_spawnve(cmd, (const char **)argv, (char **)env, 0);
1168                 if (pid < 0)
1169                         return;
1170                 if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1171                         status = 255;
1172                 exit(status);
1173         }
1174 }
1175
1176 void mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1177 {
1178         char **path = get_path_split();
1179         char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1180
1181         if (prog) {
1182                 mingw_execve(prog, argv, environ);
1183                 free(prog);
1184         } else
1185                 errno = ENOENT;
1186
1187         free_path_split(path);
1188 }
1189
1190 void mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1191 {
1192         mingw_execve(cmd, argv, environ);
1193 }
1194
1195 int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig)
1196 {
1197         if (pid > 0 && sig == SIGTERM) {
1198                 HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, pid);
1199
1200                 if (TerminateProcess(h, -1)) {
1201                         CloseHandle(h);
1202                         return 0;
1203                 }
1204
1205                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1206                 CloseHandle(h);
1207                 return -1;
1208         }
1209
1210         errno = EINVAL;
1211         return -1;
1212 }
1213
1214 static char **copy_environ(void)
1215 {
1216         char **env;
1217         int i = 0;
1218         while (environ[i])
1219                 i++;
1220         env = xmalloc((i+1)*sizeof(*env));
1221         for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
1222                 env[i] = xstrdup(environ[i]);
1223         env[i] = NULL;
1224         return env;
1225 }
1226
1227 void free_environ(char **env)
1228 {
1229         int i;
1230         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++)
1231                 free(env[i]);
1232         free(env);
1233 }
1234
1235 static int lookup_env(char **env, const char *name, size_t nmln)
1236 {
1237         int i;
1238
1239         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++) {
1240                 if (0 == strncmp(env[i], name, nmln)
1241                     && '=' == env[i][nmln])
1242                         /* matches */
1243                         return i;
1244         }
1245         return -1;
1246 }
1247
1248 /*
1249  * If name contains '=', then sets the variable, otherwise it unsets it
1250  */
1251 static char **env_setenv(char **env, const char *name)
1252 {
1253         char *eq = strchrnul(name, '=');
1254         int i = lookup_env(env, name, eq-name);
1255
1256         if (i < 0) {
1257                 if (*eq) {
1258                         for (i = 0; env[i]; i++)
1259                                 ;
1260                         env = xrealloc(env, (i+2)*sizeof(*env));
1261                         env[i] = (char*) name;
1262                         env[i+1] = NULL;
1263                 }
1264         }
1265         else {
1266                 free(env[i]);
1267                 if (*eq)
1268                         env[i] = (char*) name;
1269                 else
1270                         for (; env[i]; i++)
1271                                 env[i] = env[i+1];
1272         }
1273         return env;
1274 }
1275
1276 /*
1277  * Copies global environ and adjusts variables as specified by vars.
1278  */
1279 char **make_augmented_environ(const char *const *vars)
1280 {
1281         char **env = copy_environ();
1282
1283         while (*vars) {
1284                 const char *v = *vars++;
1285                 env = env_setenv(env, strchr(v, '=') ? xstrdup(v) : v);
1286         }
1287         return env;
1288 }
1289
1290 int mingw_putenv(const char *namevalue)
1291 {
1292         environ = env_setenv(environ, namevalue);
1293         return 0;
1294 }
1295
1296 /*
1297  * Note, this isn't a complete replacement for getaddrinfo. It assumes
1298  * that service contains a numerical port, or that it is null. It
1299  * does a simple search using gethostbyname, and returns one IPv4 host
1300  * if one was found.
1301  */
1302 static int WSAAPI getaddrinfo_stub(const char *node, const char *service,
1303                                    const struct addrinfo *hints,
1304                                    struct addrinfo **res)
1305 {
1306         struct hostent *h = NULL;
1307         struct addrinfo *ai;
1308         struct sockaddr_in *sin;
1309
1310         if (node) {
1311                 h = gethostbyname(node);
1312                 if (!h)
1313                         return WSAGetLastError();
1314         }
1315
1316         ai = xmalloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1317         *res = ai;
1318         ai->ai_flags = 0;
1319         ai->ai_family = AF_INET;
1320         ai->ai_socktype = hints ? hints->ai_socktype : 0;
1321         switch (ai->ai_socktype) {
1322         case SOCK_STREAM:
1323                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
1324                 break;
1325         case SOCK_DGRAM:
1326                 ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP;
1327                 break;
1328         default:
1329                 ai->ai_protocol = 0;
1330                 break;
1331         }
1332         ai->ai_addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1333         if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME))
1334                 ai->ai_canonname = h ? xstrdup(h->h_name) : NULL;
1335         else
1336                 ai->ai_canonname = NULL;
1337
1338         sin = xmalloc(ai->ai_addrlen);
1339         memset(sin, 0, ai->ai_addrlen);
1340         sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
1341         /* Note: getaddrinfo is supposed to allow service to be a string,
1342          * which should be looked up using getservbyname. This is
1343          * currently not implemented */
1344         if (service)
1345                 sin->sin_port = htons(atoi(service));
1346         if (h)
1347                 sin->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)h->h_addr;
1348         else if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_PASSIVE))
1349                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
1350         else
1351                 sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_LOOPBACK;
1352         ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)sin;
1353         ai->ai_next = 0;
1354         return 0;
1355 }
1356
1357 static void WSAAPI freeaddrinfo_stub(struct addrinfo *res)
1358 {
1359         free(res->ai_canonname);
1360         free(res->ai_addr);
1361         free(res);
1362 }
1363
1364 static int WSAAPI getnameinfo_stub(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1365                                    char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1366                                    char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags)
1367 {
1368         const struct sockaddr_in *sin = (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
1369         if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
1370                 return EAI_FAMILY;
1371         if (!host && !serv)
1372                 return EAI_NONAME;
1373
1374         if (host && hostlen > 0) {
1375                 struct hostent *ent = NULL;
1376                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICHOST))
1377                         ent = gethostbyaddr((const char *)&sin->sin_addr,
1378                                             sizeof(sin->sin_addr), AF_INET);
1379
1380                 if (ent)
1381                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", ent->h_name);
1382                 else if (flags & NI_NAMEREQD)
1383                         return EAI_NONAME;
1384                 else
1385                         snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr));
1386         }
1387
1388         if (serv && servlen > 0) {
1389                 struct servent *ent = NULL;
1390                 if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICSERV))
1391                         ent = getservbyport(sin->sin_port,
1392                                             flags & NI_DGRAM ? "udp" : "tcp");
1393
1394                 if (ent)
1395                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%s", ent->s_name);
1396                 else
1397                         snprintf(serv, servlen, "%d", ntohs(sin->sin_port));
1398         }
1399
1400         return 0;
1401 }
1402
1403 static HMODULE ipv6_dll = NULL;
1404 static void (WSAAPI *ipv6_freeaddrinfo)(struct addrinfo *res);
1405 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getaddrinfo)(const char *node, const char *service,
1406                                       const struct addrinfo *hints,
1407                                       struct addrinfo **res);
1408 static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getnameinfo)(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1409                                       char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1410                                       char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags);
1411 /*
1412  * gai_strerror is an inline function in the ws2tcpip.h header, so we
1413  * don't need to try to load that one dynamically.
1414  */
1415
1416 static void socket_cleanup(void)
1417 {
1418         WSACleanup();
1419         if (ipv6_dll)
1420                 FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1421         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1422         ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1423         ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1424         ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1425 }
1426
1427 static void ensure_socket_initialization(void)
1428 {
1429         WSADATA wsa;
1430         static int initialized = 0;
1431         const char *libraries[] = { "ws2_32.dll", "wship6.dll", NULL };
1432         const char **name;
1433
1434         if (initialized)
1435                 return;
1436
1437         if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsa))
1438                 die("unable to initialize winsock subsystem, error %d",
1439                         WSAGetLastError());
1440
1441         for (name = libraries; *name; name++) {
1442                 ipv6_dll = LoadLibrary(*name);
1443                 if (!ipv6_dll)
1444                         continue;
1445
1446                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = (void (WSAAPI *)(struct addrinfo *))
1447                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "freeaddrinfo");
1448                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const char *, const char *,
1449                                                    const struct addrinfo *,
1450                                                    struct addrinfo **))
1451                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getaddrinfo");
1452                 ipv6_getnameinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const struct sockaddr *,
1453                                                    socklen_t, char *, DWORD,
1454                                                    char *, DWORD, int))
1455                         GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getnameinfo");
1456                 if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1457                         FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1458                         ipv6_dll = NULL;
1459                 } else
1460                         break;
1461         }
1462         if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1463                 ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1464                 ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1465                 ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1466         }
1467
1468         atexit(socket_cleanup);
1469         initialized = 1;
1470 }
1471
1472 #undef gethostname
1473 int mingw_gethostname(char *name, int namelen)
1474 {
1475     ensure_socket_initialization();
1476     return gethostname(name, namelen);
1477 }
1478
1479 #undef gethostbyname
1480 struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host)
1481 {
1482         ensure_socket_initialization();
1483         return gethostbyname(host);
1484 }
1485
1486 void mingw_freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *res)
1487 {
1488         ipv6_freeaddrinfo(res);
1489 }
1490
1491 int mingw_getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
1492                       const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res)
1493 {
1494         ensure_socket_initialization();
1495         return ipv6_getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
1496 }
1497
1498 int mingw_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1499                       char *host, DWORD hostlen, char *serv, DWORD servlen,
1500                       int flags)
1501 {
1502         ensure_socket_initialization();
1503         return ipv6_getnameinfo(sa, salen, host, hostlen, serv, servlen, flags);
1504 }
1505
1506 int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)
1507 {
1508         int sockfd;
1509         SOCKET s;
1510
1511         ensure_socket_initialization();
1512         s = WSASocket(domain, type, protocol, NULL, 0, 0);
1513         if (s == INVALID_SOCKET) {
1514                 /*
1515                  * WSAGetLastError() values are regular BSD error codes
1516                  * biased by WSABASEERR.
1517                  * However, strerror() does not know about networking
1518                  * specific errors, which are values beginning at 38 or so.
1519                  * Therefore, we choose to leave the biased error code
1520                  * in errno so that _if_ someone looks up the code somewhere,
1521                  * then it is at least the number that are usually listed.
1522                  */
1523                 errno = WSAGetLastError();
1524                 return -1;
1525         }
1526         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1527         if ((sockfd = _open_osfhandle(s, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1528                 closesocket(s);
1529                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1530                         strerror(errno));
1531         }
1532         return sockfd;
1533 }
1534
1535 #undef connect
1536 int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1537 {
1538         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1539         return connect(s, sa, sz);
1540 }
1541
1542 #undef bind
1543 int mingw_bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1544 {
1545         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1546         return bind(s, sa, sz);
1547 }
1548
1549 #undef setsockopt
1550 int mingw_setsockopt(int sockfd, int lvl, int optname, void *optval, int optlen)
1551 {
1552         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1553         return setsockopt(s, lvl, optname, (const char*)optval, optlen);
1554 }
1555
1556 #undef shutdown
1557 int mingw_shutdown(int sockfd, int how)
1558 {
1559         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1560         return shutdown(s, how);
1561 }
1562
1563 #undef listen
1564 int mingw_listen(int sockfd, int backlog)
1565 {
1566         SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1567         return listen(s, backlog);
1568 }
1569
1570 #undef accept
1571 int mingw_accept(int sockfd1, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *sz)
1572 {
1573         int sockfd2;
1574
1575         SOCKET s1 = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd1);
1576         SOCKET s2 = accept(s1, sa, sz);
1577
1578         /* convert into a file descriptor */
1579         if ((sockfd2 = _open_osfhandle(s2, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1580                 int err = errno;
1581                 closesocket(s2);
1582                 return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1583                         strerror(err));
1584         }
1585         return sockfd2;
1586 }
1587
1588 #undef rename
1589 int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
1590 {
1591         DWORD attrs, gle;
1592         int tries = 0;
1593         wchar_t wpold[MAX_PATH], wpnew[MAX_PATH];
1594         if (xutftowcs_path(wpold, pold) < 0 || xutftowcs_path(wpnew, pnew) < 0)
1595                 return -1;
1596
1597         /*
1598          * Try native rename() first to get errno right.
1599          * It is based on MoveFile(), which cannot overwrite existing files.
1600          */
1601         if (!_wrename(wpold, wpnew))
1602                 return 0;
1603         if (errno != EEXIST)
1604                 return -1;
1605 repeat:
1606         if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1607                 return 0;
1608         /* TODO: translate more errors */
1609         gle = GetLastError();
1610         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1611             (attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wpnew)) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
1612                 if (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
1613                         errno = EISDIR;
1614                         return -1;
1615                 }
1616                 if ((attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) &&
1617                     SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
1618                         if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1619                                 return 0;
1620                         gle = GetLastError();
1621                         /* revert file attributes on failure */
1622                         SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs);
1623                 }
1624         }
1625         if (tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay) && gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
1626                 /*
1627                  * We assume that some other process had the source or
1628                  * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
1629                  * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
1630                  * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
1631                  * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
1632                  */
1633                 Sleep(delay[tries]);
1634                 tries++;
1635                 goto repeat;
1636         }
1637         if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1638                ask_yes_no_if_possible("Rename from '%s' to '%s' failed. "
1639                        "Should I try again?", pold, pnew))
1640                 goto repeat;
1641
1642         errno = EACCES;
1643         return -1;
1644 }
1645
1646 /*
1647  * Note that this doesn't return the actual pagesize, but
1648  * the allocation granularity. If future Windows specific git code
1649  * needs the real getpagesize function, we need to find another solution.
1650  */
1651 int mingw_getpagesize(void)
1652 {
1653         SYSTEM_INFO si;
1654         GetSystemInfo(&si);
1655         return si.dwAllocationGranularity;
1656 }
1657
1658 struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid)
1659 {
1660         static char user_name[100];
1661         static struct passwd p;
1662
1663         DWORD len = sizeof(user_name);
1664         if (!GetUserName(user_name, &len))
1665                 return NULL;
1666         p.pw_name = user_name;
1667         p.pw_gecos = "unknown";
1668         p.pw_dir = NULL;
1669         return &p;
1670 }
1671
1672 static HANDLE timer_event;
1673 static HANDLE timer_thread;
1674 static int timer_interval;
1675 static int one_shot;
1676 static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL;
1677
1678 /* The timer works like this:
1679  * The thread, ticktack(), is a trivial routine that most of the time
1680  * only waits to receive the signal to terminate. The main thread tells
1681  * the thread to terminate by setting the timer_event to the signalled
1682  * state.
1683  * But ticktack() interrupts the wait state after the timer's interval
1684  * length to call the signal handler.
1685  */
1686
1687 static unsigned __stdcall ticktack(void *dummy)
1688 {
1689         while (WaitForSingleObject(timer_event, timer_interval) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
1690                 if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL)
1691                         die("Alarm");
1692                 if (timer_fn != SIG_IGN)
1693                         timer_fn(SIGALRM);
1694                 if (one_shot)
1695                         break;
1696         }
1697         return 0;
1698 }
1699
1700 static int start_timer_thread(void)
1701 {
1702         timer_event = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
1703         if (timer_event) {
1704                 timer_thread = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ticktack, NULL, 0, NULL);
1705                 if (!timer_thread )
1706                         return errno = ENOMEM,
1707                                 error("cannot start timer thread");
1708         } else
1709                 return errno = ENOMEM,
1710                         error("cannot allocate resources for timer");
1711         return 0;
1712 }
1713
1714 static void stop_timer_thread(void)
1715 {
1716         if (timer_event)
1717                 SetEvent(timer_event);  /* tell thread to terminate */
1718         if (timer_thread) {
1719                 int rc = WaitForSingleObject(timer_thread, 1000);
1720                 if (rc == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
1721                         error("timer thread did not terminate timely");
1722                 else if (rc != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
1723                         error("waiting for timer thread failed: %lu",
1724                               GetLastError());
1725                 CloseHandle(timer_thread);
1726         }
1727         if (timer_event)
1728                 CloseHandle(timer_event);
1729         timer_event = NULL;
1730         timer_thread = NULL;
1731 }
1732
1733 static inline int is_timeval_eq(const struct timeval *i1, const struct timeval *i2)
1734 {
1735         return i1->tv_sec == i2->tv_sec && i1->tv_usec == i2->tv_usec;
1736 }
1737
1738 int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out)
1739 {
1740         static const struct timeval zero;
1741         static int atexit_done;
1742
1743         if (out != NULL)
1744                 return errno = EINVAL,
1745                         error("setitimer param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1746         if (!is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero) &&
1747             !is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &in->it_value))
1748                 return errno = EINVAL,
1749                         error("setitimer: it_interval must be zero or eq it_value");
1750
1751         if (timer_thread)
1752                 stop_timer_thread();
1753
1754         if (is_timeval_eq(&in->it_value, &zero) &&
1755             is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero))
1756                 return 0;
1757
1758         timer_interval = in->it_value.tv_sec * 1000 + in->it_value.tv_usec / 1000;
1759         one_shot = is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero);
1760         if (!atexit_done) {
1761                 atexit(stop_timer_thread);
1762                 atexit_done = 1;
1763         }
1764         return start_timer_thread();
1765 }
1766
1767 int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out)
1768 {
1769         if (sig != SIGALRM)
1770                 return errno = EINVAL,
1771                         error("sigaction only implemented for SIGALRM");
1772         if (out != NULL)
1773                 return errno = EINVAL,
1774                         error("sigaction: param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1775
1776         timer_fn = in->sa_handler;
1777         return 0;
1778 }
1779
1780 #undef signal
1781 sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler)
1782 {
1783         sig_handler_t old = timer_fn;
1784         if (sig != SIGALRM)
1785                 return signal(sig, handler);
1786         timer_fn = handler;
1787         return old;
1788 }
1789
1790 static const char *make_backslash_path(const char *path)
1791 {
1792         static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
1793         char *c;
1794
1795         if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX)
1796                 die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
1797
1798         for (c = buf; *c; c++) {
1799                 if (*c == '/')
1800                         *c = '\\';
1801         }
1802         return buf;
1803 }
1804
1805 void mingw_open_html(const char *unixpath)
1806 {
1807         const char *htmlpath = make_backslash_path(unixpath);
1808         typedef HINSTANCE (WINAPI *T)(HWND, const char *,
1809                         const char *, const char *, const char *, INT);
1810         T ShellExecute;
1811         HMODULE shell32;
1812         int r;
1813
1814         shell32 = LoadLibrary("shell32.dll");
1815         if (!shell32)
1816                 die("cannot load shell32.dll");
1817         ShellExecute = (T)GetProcAddress(shell32, "ShellExecuteA");
1818         if (!ShellExecute)
1819                 die("cannot run browser");
1820
1821         printf("Launching default browser to display HTML ...\n");
1822         r = (int)ShellExecute(NULL, "open", htmlpath, NULL, "\\", SW_SHOWNORMAL);
1823         FreeLibrary(shell32);
1824         /* see the MSDN documentation referring to the result codes here */
1825         if (r <= 32) {
1826                 die("failed to launch browser for %.*s", MAX_PATH, unixpath);
1827         }
1828 }
1829
1830 int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
1831 {
1832         typedef BOOL (WINAPI *T)(LPCWSTR, LPCWSTR, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
1833         static T create_hard_link = NULL;
1834         wchar_t woldpath[MAX_PATH], wnewpath[MAX_PATH];
1835         if (xutftowcs_path(woldpath, oldpath) < 0 ||
1836                 xutftowcs_path(wnewpath, newpath) < 0)
1837                 return -1;
1838
1839         if (!create_hard_link) {
1840                 create_hard_link = (T) GetProcAddress(
1841                         GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll"), "CreateHardLinkW");
1842                 if (!create_hard_link)
1843                         create_hard_link = (T)-1;
1844         }
1845         if (create_hard_link == (T)-1) {
1846                 errno = ENOSYS;
1847                 return -1;
1848         }
1849         if (!create_hard_link(wnewpath, woldpath, NULL)) {
1850                 errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1851                 return -1;
1852         }
1853         return 0;
1854 }
1855
1856 char *getpass(const char *prompt)
1857 {
1858         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
1859
1860         fputs(prompt, stderr);
1861         for (;;) {
1862                 char c = _getch();
1863                 if (c == '\r' || c == '\n')
1864                         break;
1865                 strbuf_addch(&buf, c);
1866         }
1867         fputs("\n", stderr);
1868         return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
1869 }
1870
1871 pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, int options)
1872 {
1873         HANDLE h = OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,
1874             FALSE, pid);
1875         if (!h) {
1876                 errno = ECHILD;
1877                 return -1;
1878         }
1879
1880         if (pid > 0 && options & WNOHANG) {
1881                 if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 != WaitForSingleObject(h, 0)) {
1882                         CloseHandle(h);
1883                         return 0;
1884                 }
1885                 options &= ~WNOHANG;
1886         }
1887
1888         if (options == 0) {
1889                 struct pinfo_t **ppinfo;
1890                 if (WaitForSingleObject(h, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
1891                         CloseHandle(h);
1892                         return 0;
1893                 }
1894
1895                 if (status)
1896                         GetExitCodeProcess(h, (LPDWORD)status);
1897
1898                 EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1899
1900                 ppinfo = &pinfo;
1901                 while (*ppinfo) {
1902                         struct pinfo_t *info = *ppinfo;
1903                         if (info->pid == pid) {
1904                                 CloseHandle(info->proc);
1905                                 *ppinfo = info->next;
1906                                 free(info);
1907                                 break;
1908                         }
1909                         ppinfo = &info->next;
1910                 }
1911
1912                 LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1913
1914                 CloseHandle(h);
1915                 return pid;
1916         }
1917         CloseHandle(h);
1918
1919         errno = EINVAL;
1920         return -1;
1921 }
1922
1923 const char *get_windows_home_directory(void)
1924 {
1925         static const char *home_directory = NULL;
1926         struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
1927
1928         if (home_directory)
1929                 return home_directory;
1930
1931         home_directory = getenv("HOME");
1932         if (home_directory && *home_directory)
1933                 return home_directory;
1934
1935         strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s/%s", getenv("HOMEDRIVE"), getenv("HOMEPATH"));
1936         home_directory = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
1937
1938         return home_directory;
1939 }
1940
1941 int mingw_offset_1st_component(const char *path)
1942 {
1943         int offset = 0;
1944         if (has_dos_drive_prefix(path))
1945                 offset = 2;
1946
1947         /* unc paths */
1948         else if (is_dir_sep(path[0]) && is_dir_sep(path[1])) {
1949
1950                 /* skip server name */
1951                 char *pos = strpbrk(path + 2, "\\/");
1952                 if (!pos)
1953                         return 0; /* Error: malformed unc path */
1954
1955                 do {
1956                         pos++;
1957                 } while (*pos && !is_dir_sep(*pos));
1958
1959                 offset = pos - path;
1960         }
1961
1962         return offset + is_dir_sep(path[offset]);
1963 }
1964
1965 int xutftowcsn(wchar_t *wcs, const char *utfs, size_t wcslen, int utflen)
1966 {
1967         int upos = 0, wpos = 0;
1968         const unsigned char *utf = (const unsigned char*) utfs;
1969         if (!utf || !wcs || wcslen < 1) {
1970                 errno = EINVAL;
1971                 return -1;
1972         }
1973         /* reserve space for \0 */
1974         wcslen--;
1975         if (utflen < 0)
1976                 utflen = INT_MAX;
1977
1978         while (upos < utflen) {
1979                 int c = utf[upos++] & 0xff;
1980                 if (utflen == INT_MAX && c == 0)
1981                         break;
1982
1983                 if (wpos >= wcslen) {
1984                         wcs[wpos] = 0;
1985                         errno = ERANGE;
1986                         return -1;
1987                 }
1988
1989                 if (c < 0x80) {
1990                         /* ASCII */
1991                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
1992                 } else if (c >= 0xc2 && c < 0xe0 && upos < utflen &&
1993                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
1994                         /* 2-byte utf-8 */
1995                         c = ((c & 0x1f) << 6);
1996                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
1997                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
1998                 } else if (c >= 0xe0 && c < 0xf0 && upos + 1 < utflen &&
1999                                 !(c == 0xe0 && utf[upos] < 0xa0) && /* over-long encoding */
2000                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2001                                 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2002                         /* 3-byte utf-8 */
2003                         c = ((c & 0x0f) << 12);
2004                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2005                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2006                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2007                 } else if (c >= 0xf0 && c < 0xf5 && upos + 2 < utflen &&
2008                                 wpos + 1 < wcslen &&
2009                                 !(c == 0xf0 && utf[upos] < 0x90) && /* over-long encoding */
2010                                 !(c == 0xf4 && utf[upos] >= 0x90) && /* > \u10ffff */
2011                                 (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2012                                 (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2013                                 (utf[upos + 2] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2014                         /* 4-byte utf-8: convert to \ud8xx \udcxx surrogate pair */
2015                         c = ((c & 0x07) << 18);
2016                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 12);
2017                         c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2018                         c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2019                         c -= 0x10000;
2020                         wcs[wpos++] = 0xd800 | (c >> 10);
2021                         wcs[wpos++] = 0xdc00 | (c & 0x3ff);
2022                 } else if (c >= 0xa0) {
2023                         /* invalid utf-8 byte, printable unicode char: convert 1:1 */
2024                         wcs[wpos++] = c;
2025                 } else {
2026                         /* invalid utf-8 byte, non-printable unicode: convert to hex */
2027                         static const char *hex = "0123456789abcdef";
2028                         wcs[wpos++] = hex[c >> 4];
2029                         if (wpos < wcslen)
2030                                 wcs[wpos++] = hex[c & 0x0f];
2031                 }
2032         }
2033         wcs[wpos] = 0;
2034         return wpos;
2035 }
2036
2037 int xwcstoutf(char *utf, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t utflen)
2038 {
2039         if (!wcs || !utf || utflen < 1) {
2040                 errno = EINVAL;
2041                 return -1;
2042         }
2043         utflen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wcs, -1, utf, utflen, NULL, NULL);
2044         if (utflen)
2045                 return utflen - 1;
2046         errno = ERANGE;
2047         return -1;
2048 }
2049
2050 /*
2051  * Disable MSVCRT command line wildcard expansion (__getmainargs called from
2052  * mingw startup code, see init.c in mingw runtime).
2053  */
2054 int _CRT_glob = 0;
2055
2056 typedef struct {
2057         int newmode;
2058 } _startupinfo;
2059
2060 extern int __wgetmainargs(int *argc, wchar_t ***argv, wchar_t ***env, int glob,
2061                 _startupinfo *si);
2062
2063 void mingw_startup()
2064 {
2065         int i, len, maxlen, argc;
2066         char *buffer;
2067         wchar_t **wenv, **wargv;
2068         _startupinfo si;
2069
2070         /* get wide char arguments and environment */
2071         si.newmode = 0;
2072         __wgetmainargs(&argc, &wargv, &wenv, _CRT_glob, &si);
2073
2074         /* determine size of argv and environ conversion buffer */
2075         maxlen = wcslen(_wpgmptr);
2076         for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
2077                 maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wargv[i]));
2078         for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
2079                 maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wenv[i]));
2080
2081         /* nedmalloc can't free CRT memory, allocate resizable environment list */
2082         environ = xcalloc(i + 1, sizeof(char*));
2083
2084         /* allocate buffer (wchar_t encodes to max 3 UTF-8 bytes) */
2085         maxlen = 3 * maxlen + 1;
2086         buffer = xmalloc(maxlen);
2087
2088         /* convert command line arguments and environment to UTF-8 */
2089         len = xwcstoutf(buffer, _wpgmptr, maxlen);
2090         __argv[0] = xmemdupz(buffer, len);
2091         for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
2092                 len = xwcstoutf(buffer, wargv[i], maxlen);
2093                 __argv[i] = xmemdupz(buffer, len);
2094         }
2095         for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++) {
2096                 len = xwcstoutf(buffer, wenv[i], maxlen);
2097                 environ[i] = xmemdupz(buffer, len);
2098         }
2099         free(buffer);
2100
2101         /* initialize critical section for waitpid pinfo_t list */
2102         InitializeCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
2103
2104         /* set up default file mode and file modes for stdin/out/err */
2105         _fmode = _O_BINARY;
2106         _setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_BINARY);
2107         _setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_BINARY);
2108         _setmode(_fileno(stderr), _O_BINARY);
2109
2110         /* initialize Unicode console */
2111         winansi_init();
2112 }