bug 764: Initialize the right member of union option_value

[elinks.git] / src / protocol / ftp / ftp.c

/* Internal "ftp" protocol implementation */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif

#include <stdio.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>   /* For converting permissions to strings */
#include <sys/types.h>
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_SOCKET_H
#include <sys/socket.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_FCNTL_H
#include <fcntl.h> /* OS/2 needs this after sys/types.h */
#endif

/* We need to have it here. Stupid BSD. */
#ifdef HAVE_NETINET_IN_H
#include <netinet/in.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_ARPA_INET_H
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#endif

#include "elinks.h"

#include "cache/cache.h"
#include "config/options.h"
#include "intl/gettext/libintl.h"
#include "main/select.h"
#include "main/module.h"
#include "network/connection.h"
#include "network/progress.h"
#include "network/socket.h"
#include "osdep/osdep.h"
#include "osdep/stat.h"
#include "protocol/auth/auth.h"
#include "protocol/common.h"
#include "protocol/ftp/ftp.h"
#include "protocol/ftp/parse.h"
#include "protocol/uri.h"
#include "util/conv.h"
#include "util/error.h"
#include "util/memory.h"
#include "util/string.h"


union option_info ftp_options[] = {
        INIT_OPT_TREE("protocol", N_("FTP"),
                "ftp", 0,
                N_("FTP specific options.")),

        INIT_OPT_TREE("protocol.ftp", N_("Proxy configuration"),
                "proxy", 0,
                N_("FTP proxy configuration.")),

        INIT_OPT_STRING("protocol.ftp.proxy", N_("Host and port-number"),
                "host", 0, "",
                N_("Host and port-number (host:port) of the FTP proxy, "
                "or blank. If it's blank, FTP_PROXY environment variable "
                "is checked as well.")),

        INIT_OPT_STRING("protocol.ftp", N_("Anonymous password"),
                "anon_passwd", 0, "some@host.domain",
                N_("FTP anonymous password to be sent.")),

        INIT_OPT_BOOL("protocol.ftp", N_("Use passive mode (IPv4)"),
                "use_pasv", 0, 1,
                N_("Use PASV instead of PORT (passive vs active mode, "
                "IPv4 only).")),
#ifdef CONFIG_IPV6
        INIT_OPT_BOOL("protocol.ftp", N_("Use passive mode (IPv6)"),
                "use_epsv", 0, 0,
                N_("Use EPSV instead of EPRT (passive vs active mode, "
                "IPv6 only).")),
#endif /* CONFIG_IPV6 */
        NULL_OPTION_INFO,
};


struct module ftp_protocol_module = struct_module(
        /* name: */             N_("FTP"),
        /* options: */          ftp_options,
        /* hooks: */            NULL,
        /* submodules: */       NULL,
        /* data: */             NULL,
        /* init: */             NULL,
        /* done: */             NULL
);


/* Constants */

#define FTP_BUF_SIZE    16384


/* Types and structs */

struct ftp_connection_info {
        int pending_commands;        /* Num of commands queued */
        int opc;                     /* Total num of commands queued */
        int conn_state;
        int buf_pos;

        unsigned int dir:1;          /* Directory listing in progress */
        unsigned int rest_sent:1;    /* Sent RESTore command */
        unsigned int use_pasv:1;     /* Use PASV (yes or no) */
#ifdef CONFIG_IPV6
        unsigned int use_epsv:1;     /* Use EPSV */
#endif
        unsigned char ftp_buffer[FTP_BUF_SIZE];
        unsigned char cmd_buffer[1]; /* Must be last field !! */
};


/* Prototypes */
static void ftp_login(struct socket *);
static void ftp_send_retr_req(struct connection *, struct connection_state);
static void ftp_got_info(struct socket *, struct read_buffer *);
static void ftp_got_user_info(struct socket *, struct read_buffer *);
static void ftp_pass(struct connection *);
static void ftp_pass_info(struct socket *, struct read_buffer *);
static void ftp_retr_file(struct socket *, struct read_buffer *);
static void ftp_got_final_response(struct socket *, struct read_buffer *);
static void got_something_from_data_connection(struct connection *);
static void ftp_end_request(struct connection *, struct connection_state);
static struct ftp_connection_info *add_file_cmd_to_str(struct connection *);
static void ftp_data_accept(struct connection *conn);

/* Parse EPSV or PASV response for address and/or port.
 * int *n should point to a sizeof(int) * 6 space.
 * It returns zero on error or count of parsed numbers.
 * It returns an error if:
 * - there's more than 6 or less than 1 numbers.
 * - a number is strictly greater than max.
 *
 * On success, array of integers *n is filled with numbers starting
 * from end of array (ie. if we found one number, you can access it using
 * n[5]).
 *
 * Important:
 * Negative numbers aren't handled so -123 is taken as 123.
 * We don't take care about separators.
*/
static int
parse_psv_resp(unsigned char *data, int *n, int max_value)
{
        unsigned char *p = data;
        int i = 5;

        memset(n, 0, 6 * sizeof(*n));

        if (*p < ' ') return 0;

        /* Find the end. */
        while (*p >= ' ') p++;

        /* Ignore non-numeric ending chars. */
        while (p != data && !isdigit(*p)) p--;
        if (p == data) return 0;

        while (i >= 0) {
                int x = 1;

                /* Parse one number. */
                while (p != data && isdigit(*p)) {
                        n[i] += (*p - '0') * x;
                        if (n[i] > max_value) return 0;
                        x *= 10;
                        p--;
                }
                /* Ignore non-numeric chars. */
                while (p != data && !isdigit(*p)) p--;
                if (p == data) return (6 - i);
                /* Get the next one. */
                i--;
        }

        return 0;
}

/* Returns 0 if there's no numeric response, -1 if error, the positive response
 * number otherwise. */
static int
get_ftp_response(struct connection *conn, struct read_buffer *rb, int part,
                 struct sockaddr_storage *sa)
{
        unsigned char *eol;
        unsigned char *num_end;
        int response;
        int pos;

again:
        eol = memchr(rb->data, ASCII_LF, rb->length);
        if (!eol) return 0;

        pos = eol - rb->data;

        errno = 0;
        response = strtoul(rb->data, (char **) &num_end, 10);

        if (errno || num_end != rb->data + 3 || response < 100)
                return -1;

        if (sa && response == 227) { /* PASV response parsing. */
                struct sockaddr_in *s = (struct sockaddr_in *) sa;
                int n[6];

                if (parse_psv_resp(num_end, (int *) &n, 255) != 6)
                        return -1;

                memset(s, 0, sizeof(*s));
                s->sin_family = AF_INET;
                s->sin_addr.s_addr = htonl((n[0] << 24) + (n[1] << 16) + (n[2] << 8) + n[3]);
                s->sin_port = htons((n[4] << 8) + n[5]);
        }

#ifdef CONFIG_IPV6
        if (sa && response == 229) { /* EPSV response parsing. */
                /* See RFC 2428 */
                struct sockaddr_in6 *s = (struct sockaddr_in6 *) sa;
                int sal = sizeof(*s);
                int n[6];

                if (parse_psv_resp(num_end, (int *) &n, 65535) != 1) {
                        return -1;
                }

                memset(s, 0, sizeof(*s));
                if (getpeername(conn->socket->fd, (struct sockaddr *) sa, &sal)) {
                        return -1;
                }
                s->sin6_family = AF_INET6;
                s->sin6_port = htons(n[5]);
        }
#endif

        if (*num_end == '-') {
                int i;

                for (i = 0; i < rb->length - 5; i++)
                        if (rb->data[i] == ASCII_LF
                            && !memcmp(rb->data+i+1, rb->data, 3)
                            && rb->data[i+4] == ' ') {
                                for (i++; i < rb->length; i++)
                                        if (rb->data[i] == ASCII_LF)
                                                goto ok;
                                return 0;
                        }
                return 0;
ok:
                pos = i;
        }

        if (part != 2)
                kill_buffer_data(rb, pos + 1);

        if (!part && response >= 100 && response < 200) {
                goto again;
        }

        return response;
}


/* Initialize or continue ftp connection. */
void
ftp_protocol_handler(struct connection *conn)
{
        if (!has_keepalive_connection(conn)) {
                make_connection(conn->socket, conn->uri, ftp_login,
                                conn->cache_mode >= CACHE_MODE_FORCE_RELOAD);

        } else {
                ftp_send_retr_req(conn, connection_state(S_SENT));
        }
}

/* Send command, set connection state and free cmd string. */
static void
send_cmd(struct connection *conn, struct string *cmd, void *callback,
         struct connection_state state)
{
        request_from_socket(conn->socket, cmd->source, cmd->length, state,
                            SOCKET_RETRY_ONCLOSE, callback);

        done_string(cmd);
}

/* Check if this auth token really belongs to this URI. */
static int
auth_user_matching_uri(struct auth_entry *auth, struct uri *uri)
{
        if (!uri->userlen) /* Noone said it doesn't. */
                return 1;
        return !c_strlcasecmp(auth->user, -1, uri->user, uri->userlen);
}


/* Kill the current connection and ask for a username/password for the next
 * try. */
static void
prompt_username_pw(struct connection *conn)
{
        if (!conn->cached) {
                conn->cached = get_cache_entry(conn->uri);
                if (!conn->cached) {
                        abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_OUT_OF_MEM));
                        return;
                }
        }

        mem_free_set(&conn->cached->content_type, stracpy("text/html"));
        if (!conn->cached->content_type) {
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_OUT_OF_MEM));
                return;
        }

        add_auth_entry(conn->uri, "FTP Login", NULL, NULL, 0);

        abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_OK));
}

/* Send USER command. */
static void
ftp_login(struct socket *socket)
{
        struct connection *conn = socket->conn;
        struct string cmd;
        struct auth_entry* auth;

        auth = find_auth(conn->uri);

        if (!init_string(&cmd)) {
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_OUT_OF_MEM));
                return;
        }

        add_to_string(&cmd, "USER ");
        if (conn->uri->userlen) {
                struct uri *uri = conn->uri;

                add_bytes_to_string(&cmd, uri->user, uri->userlen);

        } else if (auth && auth->valid) {
                add_to_string(&cmd, auth->user);

        } else {
                add_to_string(&cmd, "anonymous");
        }
        add_crlf_to_string(&cmd);

        send_cmd(conn, &cmd, (void *) ftp_got_info, connection_state(S_SENT));
}

/* Parse connection response. */
static void
ftp_got_info(struct socket *socket, struct read_buffer *rb)
{
        struct connection *conn = socket->conn;
        int response = get_ftp_response(conn, rb, 0, NULL);

        if (response == -1) {
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_FTP_ERROR));
                return;
        }

        if (!response) {
                read_from_socket(conn->socket, rb, conn->state, ftp_got_info);
                return;
        }

        /* RFC959 says that possible response codes on connection are:
         * 120 Service ready in nnn minutes.
         * 220 Service ready for new user.
         * 421 Service not available, closing control connection. */

        if (response != 220) {
                /* TODO? Retry in case of ... ?? */
                retry_connection(conn, connection_state(S_FTP_UNAVAIL));
                return;
        }

        ftp_got_user_info(socket, rb);
}


/* Parse USER response and send PASS command if needed. */
static void
ftp_got_user_info(struct socket *socket, struct read_buffer *rb)
{
        struct connection *conn = socket->conn;
        int response = get_ftp_response(conn, rb, 0, NULL);

        if (response == -1) {
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_FTP_ERROR));
                return;
        }

        if (!response) {
                read_from_socket(conn->socket, rb, conn->state, ftp_got_user_info);
                return;
        }

        /* RFC959 says that possible response codes for USER are:
         * 230 User logged in, proceed.
         * 331 User name okay, need password.
         * 332 Need account for login.
         * 421 Service not available, closing control connection.
         * 500 Syntax error, command unrecognized.
         * 501 Syntax error in parameters or arguments.
         * 530 Not logged in. */

        /* FIXME? Since ACCT command isn't implemented, login to a ftp server
         * requiring it will fail (332). */

        if (response == 332 || response >= 500) {
                prompt_username_pw(conn);
                return;
        }

        /* We don't require exact match here, as this is always error and some
         * non-RFC compliant servers may return even something other than 421.
         * --Zas */
        if (response >= 400) {
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_FTP_UNAVAIL));
                return;
        }

        if (response == 230) {
                ftp_send_retr_req(conn, connection_state(S_GETH));
                return;
        }

        ftp_pass(conn);
}

/* Send PASS command. */
static void
ftp_pass(struct connection *conn)
{
        struct string cmd;
        struct auth_entry *auth;

        auth = find_auth(conn->uri);

        if (!init_string(&cmd)) {
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_OUT_OF_MEM));
                return;
        }

        add_to_string(&cmd, "PASS ");
        if (conn->uri->passwordlen) {
                struct uri *uri = conn->uri;

                add_bytes_to_string(&cmd, uri->password, uri->passwordlen);

        } else if (auth && auth->valid) {
                if (!auth_user_matching_uri(auth, conn->uri)) {
                        prompt_username_pw(conn);
                        return;
                }
                add_to_string(&cmd, auth->password);

        } else {
                add_to_string(&cmd, get_opt_str("protocol.ftp.anon_passwd"));
        }
        add_crlf_to_string(&cmd);

        send_cmd(conn, &cmd, (void *) ftp_pass_info, connection_state(S_LOGIN));
}

/* Parse PASS command response. */
static void
ftp_pass_info(struct socket *socket, struct read_buffer *rb)
{
        struct connection *conn = socket->conn;
        int response = get_ftp_response(conn, rb, 0, NULL);

        if (response == -1) {
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_FTP_ERROR));
                return;
        }

        if (!response) {
                read_from_socket(conn->socket, rb, connection_state(S_LOGIN),
                                 ftp_pass_info);
                return;
        }

        /* RFC959 says that possible response codes for PASS are:
         * 202 Command not implemented, superfluous at this site.
         * 230 User logged in, proceed.
         * 332 Need account for login.
         * 421 Service not available, closing control connection.
         * 500 Syntax error, command unrecognized.
         * 501 Syntax error in parameters or arguments.
         * 503 Bad sequence of commands.
         * 530 Not logged in. */

        if (response == 332 || response >= 500) {
                /* If we didn't have a user, we tried anonymous. But it failed, so ask for a
                 * user and password */
                prompt_username_pw(conn);
                return;
        }

        if (response >= 400) {
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_FTP_UNAVAIL));
                return;
        }

        ftp_send_retr_req(conn, connection_state(S_GETH));
}

/* Construct PORT command. */
static void
add_portcmd_to_string(struct string *string, unsigned char *pc)
{
        /* From RFC 959: DATA PORT (PORT)
         *
         * The argument is a HOST-PORT specification for the data port
         * to be used in data connection.  There are defaults for both
         * the user and server data ports, and under normal
         * circumstances this command and its reply are not needed.  If
         * this command is used, the argument is the concatenation of a
         * 32-bit internet host address and a 16-bit TCP port address.
         * This address information is broken into 8-bit fields and the
         * value of each field is transmitted as a decimal number (in
         * character string representation).  The fields are separated
         * by commas.  A port command would be:
         *
         *    PORT h1,h2,h3,h4,p1,p2
         *
         * where h1 is the high order 8 bits of the internet host
         * address. */
        add_to_string(string, "PORT ");
        add_long_to_string(string, pc[0]);
        add_char_to_string(string, ',');
        add_long_to_string(string, pc[1]);
        add_char_to_string(string, ',');
        add_long_to_string(string, pc[2]);
        add_char_to_string(string, ',');
        add_long_to_string(string, pc[3]);
        add_char_to_string(string, ',');
        add_long_to_string(string, pc[4]);
        add_char_to_string(string, ',');
        add_long_to_string(string, pc[5]);
}

#ifdef CONFIG_IPV6
/* Construct EPRT command. */
static void
add_eprtcmd_to_string(struct string *string, struct sockaddr_in6 *addr)
{
        unsigned char addr_str[INET6_ADDRSTRLEN];

        inet_ntop(AF_INET6, &addr->sin6_addr, addr_str, INET6_ADDRSTRLEN);

        /* From RFC 2428: EPRT
         *
         * The format of EPRT is:
         *
         * EPRT<space><d><net-prt><d><net-addr><d><tcp-port><d>
         *
         * <net-prt>:
         * AF Number   Protocol
         * ---------   --------
         * 1           Internet Protocol, Version 4 [Pos81a]
         * 2           Internet Protocol, Version 6 [DH96] */
        add_to_string(string, "EPRT |2|");
        add_to_string(string, addr_str);
        add_char_to_string(string, '|');
        add_long_to_string(string, ntohs(addr->sin6_port));
        add_char_to_string(string, '|');
}
#endif

/* Depending on options, get proper ftp data socket and command.
 * It appends ftp command (either PASV,PORT,EPSV or EPRT) to @command
 * string.
 * When PORT or EPRT are used, related sockets are created.
 * It returns 0 on error (data socket creation failure). */
static int
get_ftp_data_socket(struct connection *conn, struct string *command)
{
        struct ftp_connection_info *ftp = conn->info;

        ftp->use_pasv = get_opt_bool("protocol.ftp.use_pasv");

#ifdef CONFIG_IPV6
        ftp->use_epsv = get_opt_bool("protocol.ftp.use_epsv");

        if (conn->socket->protocol_family == EL_PF_INET6) {
                if (ftp->use_epsv) {
                        add_to_string(command, "EPSV");

                } else {
                        struct sockaddr_storage data_addr;
                        int data_sock;

                        memset(&data_addr, 0, sizeof(data_addr));
                        data_sock = get_pasv_socket(conn->socket, &data_addr);
                        if (data_sock < 0) return 0;

                        conn->data_socket->fd = data_sock;
                        add_eprtcmd_to_string(command,
                                              (struct sockaddr_in6 *) &data_addr);
                }

        } else
#endif
        {
                if (ftp->use_pasv) {
                        add_to_string(command, "PASV");

                } else {
                        struct sockaddr_in sa;
                        unsigned char pc[6];
                        int data_sock;

                        memset(pc, 0, sizeof(pc));
                        data_sock = get_pasv_socket(conn->socket,
                                    (struct sockaddr_storage *) &sa);
                        if (data_sock < 0) return 0;

                        memcpy(pc, &sa.sin_addr.s_addr, 4);
                        memcpy(pc + 4, &sa.sin_port, 2);
                        conn->data_socket->fd = data_sock;
                        add_portcmd_to_string(command, pc);
                }
        }

        add_crlf_to_string(command);

        return 1;
}

/* Check if the file or directory name @s can be safely sent to the
 * FTP server.  To prevent command injection attacks, this function
 * must reject CR LF sequences.  */
static int
is_ftp_pathname_safe(const struct string *s)
{
        int i;

        /* RFC 959 says the argument of CWD and RETR is a <pathname>,
         * which consists of <char>s, "any of the 128 ASCII characters
         * except <CR> and <LF>".  So other control characters, such
         * as 0x00 and 0x7F, are allowed here.  Bytes 0x80...0xFF
         * should not be allowed, but if we reject them, users will
         * probably complain.  */
        for (i = 0; i < s->length; i++) {
                if (s->source[i] == 0x0A || s->source[i] == 0x0D)
                        return 0;
        }
        return 1;
}

/* Create passive socket and add appropriate announcing commands to str. Then
 * go and retrieve appropriate object from server.
 * Returns NULL if error. */
static struct ftp_connection_info *
add_file_cmd_to_str(struct connection *conn)
{
        int ok = 0;
        struct ftp_connection_info *ftp = NULL;
        struct string command = NULL_STRING;
        struct string ftp_data_command = NULL_STRING;
        struct string pathname = NULL_STRING;

        if (!conn->uri->data) {
                INTERNAL("conn->uri->data empty");
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_INTERNAL));
                goto ret;
        }

        /* This will be reallocated below when we know how long the
         * command string should be.  Error handling could be
         * simplified a little by allocating this initial structure on
         * the stack, but it's several kilobytes long so that might be
         * risky.  */
        ftp = mem_calloc(1, sizeof(*ftp));
        if (!ftp) {
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_OUT_OF_MEM));
                goto ret;
        }

        conn->info = ftp;       /* Freed when connection is destroyed. */

        if (!init_string(&command)
            || !init_string(&ftp_data_command)
            || !init_string(&pathname)) {
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_OUT_OF_MEM));
                goto ret;
        }

        if (!get_ftp_data_socket(conn, &ftp_data_command)) {
                INTERNAL("Ftp data socket failure");
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_INTERNAL));
                goto ret;
        }

        if (!add_uri_to_string(&pathname, conn->uri, URI_PATH)) {
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_OUT_OF_MEM));
                goto ret;
        }

        decode_uri_string(&pathname);
        if (!is_ftp_pathname_safe(&pathname)) {
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_BAD_URL));
                goto ret;
        }

        if (!conn->uri->datalen
            || conn->uri->data[conn->uri->datalen - 1] == '/') {
                /* Commands to get directory listing. */

                ftp->dir = 1;
                ftp->pending_commands = 4;

                if (!add_to_string(&command, "TYPE A") /* ASCII */
                    || !add_crlf_to_string(&command)

                    || !add_string_to_string(&command, &ftp_data_command)

                    || !add_to_string(&command, "CWD ")
                    || !add_string_to_string(&command, &pathname)
                    || !add_crlf_to_string(&command)

                    || !add_to_string(&command, "LIST")
                    || !add_crlf_to_string(&command)) {
                        abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_OUT_OF_MEM));
                        goto ret;
                }

                conn->from = 0;

        } else {
                /* Commands to get a file. */

                ftp->dir = 0;
                ftp->pending_commands = 3;

                if (!add_to_string(&command, "TYPE I") /* BINARY */
                    || !add_crlf_to_string(&command)

                    || !add_string_to_string(&command, &ftp_data_command)) {
                        abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_OUT_OF_MEM));
                        goto ret;
                }

                if (conn->from || conn->progress->start > 0) {
                        const off_t offset = conn->from
                                ? conn->from
                                : conn->progress->start;

                        if (!add_to_string(&command, "REST ")
                            || !add_long_to_string(&command, offset)
                            || !add_crlf_to_string(&command)) {
                                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_OUT_OF_MEM));
                                goto ret;
                        }

                        ftp->rest_sent = 1;
                        ftp->pending_commands++;
                }

                if (!add_to_string(&command, "RETR ")
                    || !add_string_to_string(&command, &pathname)
                    || !add_crlf_to_string(&command)) {
                        abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_OUT_OF_MEM));
                        goto ret;
                }
        }

        ftp->opc = ftp->pending_commands;

        /* 1 byte is already reserved for cmd_buffer in struct ftp_connection_info. */
        ftp = mem_realloc(ftp, sizeof(*ftp) + command.length);
        if (!ftp) {
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_OUT_OF_MEM));
                goto ret;
        }
        conn->info = ftp;   /* in case mem_realloc moved the buffer */

        memcpy(ftp->cmd_buffer, command.source, command.length + 1);
        ok = 1;

ret:
        /* If @ok is false here, then abort_connection has already
         * freed @ftp, which now is a dangling pointer.  */
        done_string(&pathname);
        done_string(&ftp_data_command);
        done_string(&command);
        return ok ? ftp : NULL;
}

static void
send_it_line_by_line(struct connection *conn, struct string *cmd)
{
        struct ftp_connection_info *ftp = conn->info;
        unsigned char *nl = strchr(ftp->cmd_buffer, '\n');

        if (!nl) {
                add_to_string(cmd, ftp->cmd_buffer);
                return;
        }

        nl++;
        add_bytes_to_string(cmd, ftp->cmd_buffer, nl - ftp->cmd_buffer);
        memmove(ftp->cmd_buffer, nl, strlen(nl) + 1);
}

/* Send commands to retrieve file or directory. */
static void
ftp_send_retr_req(struct connection *conn, struct connection_state state)
{
        struct string cmd;

        if (!init_string(&cmd)) {
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_OUT_OF_MEM));
                return;
        }

        /* We don't save return value from add_file_cmd_to_str(), as it's saved
         * in conn->info as well. */
        if (!conn->info && !add_file_cmd_to_str(conn)) {
                done_string(&cmd);
                return;
        }

        /* Send it line-by-line. */
        send_it_line_by_line(conn, &cmd);

        send_cmd(conn, &cmd, (void *) ftp_retr_file, state);
}

/* Parse RETR response and return file size or -1 on error. */
static off_t
get_filesize_from_RETR(unsigned char *data, int data_len, int *resume)
{
        off_t file_len;
        int pos;
        int pos_file_len = 0;

        /* Getting file size from text response.. */
        /* 150 Opening BINARY mode data connection for hello-1.0-1.1.diff.gz (16452 bytes). */

        *resume = 0;
        for (pos = 0; pos < data_len && data[pos] != ASCII_LF; pos++)
                if (data[pos] == '(')
                        pos_file_len = pos;

        if (!pos_file_len || pos_file_len == data_len - 1) {
        /* Getting file size from ftp.task.gda.pl */
        /* 150 5676.4 kbytes to download */
                unsigned char tmp = data[data_len - 1];
                unsigned char *kbytes;
                char *endptr;
                double size;

                data[data_len - 1] = '\0';
                kbytes = strstr(data, "kbytes");
                data[data_len - 1] = tmp;
                if (!kbytes) return -1;

                for (kbytes -= 2; kbytes >= data; kbytes--) {
                        if (*kbytes == ' ') break;
                }
                if (*kbytes != ' ') return -1;
                kbytes++;
                size = strtod((const char *)kbytes, &endptr);
                if (endptr == (char *)kbytes) return -1;
                *resume = 1;
                return (off_t)(size * 1024.0);
        }

        pos_file_len++;
        if (!isdigit(data[pos_file_len]))
                return -1;

        for (pos = pos_file_len; pos < data_len; pos++)
                if (!isdigit(data[pos]))
                        goto next;

        return -1;

next:
        for (; pos < data_len; pos++)
                if (data[pos] != ' ')
                        break;

        if (pos + 4 > data_len)
                return -1;

        if (c_strncasecmp(&data[pos], "byte", 4))
                return -1;

        errno = 0;
        file_len = (off_t) strtol(&data[pos_file_len], NULL, 10);
        if (errno) return -1;

        return file_len;
}

/* Connect to the host and port specified by a passive FTP server.  */
static int
ftp_data_connect(struct connection *conn, int pf, struct sockaddr_storage *sa,
                 int size_of_sockaddr)
{
        int fd;

        if (conn->data_socket->fd != -1) {
                /* The server maliciously sent multiple 227 or 229
                 * responses.  Do not leak the previous data_socket.  */
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_FTP_ERROR));
                return -1;
        }

        fd = socket(pf, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
        if (fd < 0 || set_nonblocking_fd(fd) < 0) {
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_FTP_ERROR));
                return -1;
        }

        set_ip_tos_throughput(fd);

        conn->data_socket->fd = fd;
        /* XXX: We ignore connect() errors here. */
        connect(fd, (struct sockaddr *) sa, size_of_sockaddr);
        return 0;
}

static void
ftp_retr_file(struct socket *socket, struct read_buffer *rb)
{
        struct connection *conn = socket->conn;
        struct ftp_connection_info *ftp = conn->info;
        int response;

        if (ftp->pending_commands > 1) {
                struct sockaddr_storage sa;

                response = get_ftp_response(conn, rb, 0, &sa);

                if (response == -1) {
                        abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_FTP_ERROR));
                        return;
                }

                if (!response) {
                        read_from_socket(conn->socket, rb,
                                         connection_state(S_GETH),
                                         ftp_retr_file);
                        return;
                }

                if (response == 227) {
                        if (ftp_data_connect(conn, PF_INET, &sa, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in)))
                                return;
                }

#ifdef CONFIG_IPV6
                if (response == 229) {
                        if (ftp_data_connect(conn, PF_INET6, &sa, sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6)))
                                return;
                }
#endif

                ftp->pending_commands--;

                /* XXX: The case values are order numbers of commands. */
                switch (ftp->opc - ftp->pending_commands) {
                        case 1: /* TYPE */
                                break;

                        case 2: /* PORT */
                                if (response >= 400) {
                                        abort_connection(conn,
                                                         connection_state(S_FTP_PORT));
                                        return;
                                }
                                break;

                        case 3: /* REST / CWD */
                                if (response >= 400) {
                                        if (ftp->dir) {
                                                abort_connection(conn,
                                                                 connection_state(S_FTP_NO_FILE));
                                                return;
                                        }
                                        conn->from = 0;
                                } else if (ftp->rest_sent) {
                                        /* Following code is related to resume
                                         * feature. */
                                        if (response == 350)
                                                conn->from = conn->progress->start;
                                        /* Come on, don't be nervous ;-). */
                                        if (conn->progress->start >= 0) {
                                                /* Update to the real value
                                                 * which we've got from
                                                 * Content-Range. */
                                                conn->progress->seek = conn->from;
                                        }
                                        conn->progress->start = conn->from;
                                }
                                break;

                        default:
                                INTERNAL("WHAT???");
                }

                ftp_send_retr_req(conn, connection_state(S_GETH));
                return;
        }

        response = get_ftp_response(conn, rb, 2, NULL);

        if (response == -1) {
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_FTP_ERROR));
                return;
        }

        if (!response) {
                read_from_socket(conn->socket, rb, connection_state(S_GETH),
                                 ftp_retr_file);
                return;
        }

        if (response >= 100 && response < 200) {
                /* We only need to parse response after RETR to
                 * get filesize if needed. */
                if (!ftp->dir && conn->est_length == -1) {
                        off_t file_len;
                        int res;

                        file_len = get_filesize_from_RETR(rb->data, rb->length, &res);
                        if (file_len > 0) {
                                /* FIXME: ..when downloads resuming
                                 * implemented.. */
                                /* This is right for vsftpd.
                                 * Show me urls where this is wrong. --witekfl */
                                conn->est_length = res ?
                                        file_len + conn->progress->start : file_len;
                        }
                }
        }

        if (conn->data_socket->fd == -1) {
                /* The passive FTP server did not send a 227 or 229
                 * response.  We check this down here, rather than
                 * immediately after getting the response to the PASV
                 * or EPSV command, to make sure that nothing can
                 * close the socket between the check and the
                 * following set_handlers call.
                 *
                 * If we were using active FTP, then
                 * get_ftp_data_socket would have created the
                 * data_socket without waiting for anything from the
                 * server.  */
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_FTP_ERROR));
                return;
        }
        set_handlers(conn->data_socket->fd, (select_handler_T) ftp_data_accept,
                     NULL, NULL, conn);

        /* read_from_socket(conn->socket, rb, ftp_got_final_response); */
        ftp_got_final_response(socket, rb);
}

static void
ftp_got_final_response(struct socket *socket, struct read_buffer *rb)
{
        struct connection *conn = socket->conn;
        struct ftp_connection_info *ftp = conn->info;
        int response = get_ftp_response(conn, rb, 0, NULL);

        if (response == -1) {
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_FTP_ERROR));
                return;
        }

        if (!response) {
                struct connection_state state = !is_in_state(conn->state, S_TRANS)
                        ? connection_state(S_GETH) : conn->state;

                read_from_socket(conn->socket, rb, state, ftp_got_final_response);
                return;
        }

        if (response >= 550 || response == 450) {
                /* Requested action not taken.
                 * File unavailable (e.g., file not found, no access). */

                if (!conn->cached)
                        conn->cached = get_cache_entry(conn->uri);

                if (!conn->cached
                    || !redirect_cache(conn->cached, "/", 1, 0)) {
                        abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_OUT_OF_MEM));
                        return;
                }

                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_OK));
                return;
        }

        if (response >= 400) {
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_FTP_FILE_ERROR));
                return;
        }

        if (ftp->conn_state == 2) {
                ftp_end_request(conn, connection_state(S_OK));
        } else {
                ftp->conn_state = 1;
                if (!is_in_state(conn->state, S_TRANS))
                        set_connection_state(conn, connection_state(S_GETH));
        }
}


/** How to format an FTP directory listing in HTML.  */
struct ftp_dir_html_format {
        /** Codepage used by C library functions such as strftime().
         * If the FTP server sends non-ASCII bytes in file names or
         * such, ELinks normally passes them straight through to the
         * generated HTML, which will eventually be parsed using the
         * codepage specified in the document.codepage.assume option.
         * However, when ELinks itself generates strings with
         * strftime(), it turns non-ASCII bytes into entity references
         * based on libc_codepage, to make sure they become the right
         * characters again.  */
        int libc_codepage;

        /** Nonzero if directories should be displayed in a different
         * color.  From the document.browse.links.color_dirs option.  */
        int colorize_dir;

        /** The color of directories, in "#rrggbb" format.  This is
         * initialized and used only if colorize_dir is nonzero.  */
        unsigned char dircolor[8];
};

/* Display directory entry formatted in HTML. */
static int
display_dir_entry(struct cache_entry *cached, off_t *pos, int *tries,
                  const struct ftp_dir_html_format *format,
                  struct ftp_file_info *ftp_info)
{
        struct string string;
        unsigned char permissions[10] = "---------";

        if (!init_string(&string)) return -1;

        add_char_to_string(&string, ftp_info->type);

        if (ftp_info->permissions) {
                mode_t p = ftp_info->permissions;

#define FTP_PERM(perms, buffer, flag, index, id) \
        if ((perms) & (flag)) (buffer)[(index)] = (id);

                FTP_PERM(p, permissions, S_IRUSR, 0, 'r');
                FTP_PERM(p, permissions, S_IWUSR, 1, 'w');
                FTP_PERM(p, permissions, S_IXUSR, 2, 'x');
                FTP_PERM(p, permissions, S_ISUID, 2, (p & S_IXUSR ? 's' : 'S'));

                FTP_PERM(p, permissions, S_IRGRP, 3, 'r');
                FTP_PERM(p, permissions, S_IWGRP, 4, 'w');
                FTP_PERM(p, permissions, S_IXGRP, 5, 'x');
                FTP_PERM(p, permissions, S_ISGID, 5, (p & S_IXGRP ? 's' : 'S'));

                FTP_PERM(p, permissions, S_IROTH, 6, 'r');
                FTP_PERM(p, permissions, S_IWOTH, 7, 'w');
                FTP_PERM(p, permissions, S_IXOTH, 8, 'x');
                FTP_PERM(p, permissions, S_ISVTX, 8, (p & 0001 ? 't' : 'T'));

#undef FTP_PERM

        }

        add_to_string(&string, permissions);
        add_char_to_string(&string, ' ');

        add_to_string(&string, "   1 ftp      ftp ");

        if (ftp_info->size != FTP_SIZE_UNKNOWN) {
                add_format_to_string(&string, "%12" OFF_PRINT_FORMAT " ",
                                     (off_print_T) ftp_info->size);
        } else {
                add_to_string(&string, "           - ");
        }

#ifdef HAVE_STRFTIME
        if (ftp_info->mtime > 0) {
                time_t current_time = time(NULL);
                time_t when = ftp_info->mtime;
                struct tm *when_tm;
                unsigned char *fmt;
                /* LC_TIME=fi_FI.UTF_8 can generate "elo___ 31 23:59"
                 * where each _ denotes U+00A0 encoded as 0xC2 0xA0,
                 * thus needing a 19-byte buffer.  */
                unsigned char date[80];
                int wr;

                if (ftp_info->local_time_zone)
                        when_tm = localtime(&when);
                else
                        when_tm = gmtime(&when);

                if (current_time > when + 6L * 30L * 24L * 60L * 60L
                    || current_time < when - 60L * 60L)
                        fmt = "%b %e  %Y";
                else
                        fmt = "%b %e %H:%M";

                wr = strftime(date, sizeof(date), fmt, when_tm);
                add_cp_html_to_string(&string, format->libc_codepage,
                                      date, wr);
        } else
#endif
        add_to_string(&string, "            ");
        /* TODO: Above, the number of spaces might not match the width
         * of the string generated by strftime.  It depends on the
         * locale.  So if ELinks knows the timestamps of some FTP
         * files but not others, it may misalign the file names.
         * Potential solutions:
         * - Pad the strings to a compile-time fixed width.
         *   Con: If we choose a width that suffices for all known
         *   locales, then it will be stupidly large for most of them.
         * - Generate an HTML table.
         *   Con: Bloats the HTML source.
         * Any solution chosen here should also be applied to the
         * file: protocol handler.  */

        add_char_to_string(&string, ' ');

        if (ftp_info->type == FTP_FILE_DIRECTORY && format->colorize_dir) {
                add_to_string(&string, "<font color=\"");
                add_to_string(&string, format->dircolor);
                add_to_string(&string, "\"><b>");
        }

        add_to_string(&string, "<a href=\"");
        encode_uri_string(&string, ftp_info->name.source, ftp_info->name.length, 0);
        if (ftp_info->type == FTP_FILE_DIRECTORY)
                add_char_to_string(&string, '/');
        add_to_string(&string, "\">");
        add_html_to_string(&string, ftp_info->name.source, ftp_info->name.length);
        add_to_string(&string, "</a>");

        if (ftp_info->type == FTP_FILE_DIRECTORY && format->colorize_dir) {
                add_to_string(&string, "</b></font>");
        }

        if (ftp_info->symlink.length) {
                add_to_string(&string, " -&gt; ");
                add_html_to_string(&string, ftp_info->symlink.source,
                                ftp_info->symlink.length);
        }

        add_char_to_string(&string, '\n');

        if (add_fragment(cached, *pos, string.source, string.length)) *tries = 0;
        *pos += string.length;

        done_string(&string);
        return 0;
}

/* Get the next line of input and set *@len to the length of the line.
 * Return the number of newline characters at the end of the line or -1
 * if we must wait for more input. */
static int
ftp_get_line(struct cache_entry *cached, unsigned char *buf, int bufl,
             int last, int *len)
{
        unsigned char *newline;

        if (!bufl) return -1;

        newline = memchr(buf, ASCII_LF, bufl);

        if (newline) {
                *len = newline - buf;
                if (*len && buf[*len - 1] == ASCII_CR) {
                        --*len;
                        return 2;
                } else {
                        return 1;
                }
        }

        if (last || bufl >= FTP_BUF_SIZE) {
                *len = bufl;
                return 0;
        }

        return -1;
}

/** Generate HTML for a line that was received from the FTP server but
 * could not be parsed.  The caller is supposed to have added a \<pre>
 * start tag.  (At the time of writing, init_directory_listing() was
 * used for that.)
 *
 * @return -1 if out of memory, or 0 if successful.  */
static int
ftp_add_unparsed_line(struct cache_entry *cached, off_t *pos, int *tries, 
                      const unsigned char *line, int line_length)
{
        int our_ret;
        struct string string;
        int frag_ret;

        our_ret = -1;    /* assume out of memory if returning early */
        if (!init_string(&string)) goto out;
        if (!add_html_to_string(&string, line, line_length)) goto out;
        if (!add_char_to_string(&string, '\n')) goto out;

        frag_ret = add_fragment(cached, *pos, string.source, string.length);
        if (frag_ret == -1) goto out;
        *pos += string.length;
        if (frag_ret == 1) *tries = 0;

        our_ret = 0;            /* success */

out:
        done_string(&string);   /* safe even if init_string failed */
        return our_ret;
}

/** List a directory in html format.
 *
 * @return the number of bytes used from the beginning of @a buffer,
 * or -1 if out of memory.  */
static int
ftp_process_dirlist(struct cache_entry *cached, off_t *pos,
                    unsigned char *buffer, int buflen, int last,
                    int *tries, const struct ftp_dir_html_format *format)
{
        int ret = 0;

        while (1) {
                struct ftp_file_info ftp_info = INIT_FTP_FILE_INFO;
                unsigned char *buf = buffer + ret;
                int bufl = buflen - ret;
                int line_length, eol;

                eol = ftp_get_line(cached, buf, bufl, last, &line_length);
                if (eol == -1)
                        return ret;

                ret += line_length + eol;

                /* Process line whose end we've already found. */

                if (parse_ftp_file_info(&ftp_info, buf, line_length)) {
                        int retv;

                        if (ftp_info.name.source[0] == '.'
                            && (ftp_info.name.length == 1
                                || (ftp_info.name.length == 2
                                    && ftp_info.name.source[1] == '.')))
                                continue;

                        retv = display_dir_entry(cached, pos, tries,
                                                 format, &ftp_info);
                        if (retv < 0) {
                                return ret;
                        }

                } else {
                        int retv = ftp_add_unparsed_line(cached, pos, tries,
                                                         buf, line_length);

                        if (retv == -1) /* out of memory; propagate to caller */
                                return retv;
                }
        }
}

/* This is the initial read handler for conn->data_socket->fd,
 * which may be either trying to connect to a passive FTP server or
 * listening for a connection from an active FTP server.  In active
 * FTP, this function then accepts the connection and replaces
 * conn->data_socket->fd with the resulting socket.  In any case,
 * this function does not read any data from the FTP server, but
 * rather hands the socket over to got_something_from_data_connection,
 * which then does the reads.  */
static void
ftp_data_accept(struct connection *conn)
{
        struct ftp_connection_info *ftp = conn->info;
        int newsock;

        /* Because this function is called only as a read handler of
         * conn->data_socket->fd, the socket must be valid if we get
         * here.  */
        assert(conn->data_socket->fd >= 0);
        if_assert_failed return;

        set_connection_timeout(conn);
        clear_handlers(conn->data_socket->fd);

        if ((conn->socket->protocol_family != EL_PF_INET6 && ftp->use_pasv)
#ifdef CONFIG_IPV6
            || (conn->socket->protocol_family == EL_PF_INET6 && ftp->use_epsv)
#endif
           ) {
                newsock = conn->data_socket->fd;
        } else {
                newsock = accept(conn->data_socket->fd, NULL, NULL);
                if (newsock < 0) {
                        retry_connection(conn, connection_state_for_errno(errno));
                        return;
                }
                close(conn->data_socket->fd);
        }

        conn->data_socket->fd = newsock;

        set_handlers(newsock,
                     (select_handler_T) got_something_from_data_connection,
                     NULL, NULL, conn);
}

/* A read handler for conn->data_socket->fd.  This function reads
 * data from the FTP server, reformats it to HTML if it's a directory
 * listing, and adds the result to the cache entry.  */
static void
got_something_from_data_connection(struct connection *conn)
{
        struct ftp_connection_info *ftp = conn->info;
        struct ftp_dir_html_format format;
        ssize_t len;

        /* Because this function is called only as a read handler of
         * conn->data_socket->fd, the socket must be valid if we get
         * here.  */
        assert(conn->data_socket->fd >= 0);
        if_assert_failed return;

        /* XXX: This probably belongs rather to connect.c ? */

        set_connection_timeout(conn);

        if (!conn->cached) conn->cached = get_cache_entry(conn->uri);
        if (!conn->cached) {
out_of_mem:
                abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_OUT_OF_MEM));
                return;
        }

        if (ftp->dir) {
                format.libc_codepage = get_cp_index("System");

                format.colorize_dir = get_opt_bool("document.browse.links.color_dirs");

                if (format.colorize_dir) {
                        color_to_string(get_opt_color("document.colors.dirs"),
                                        format.dircolor);
                }
        }

        if (ftp->dir && !conn->from) {
                struct string string;
                struct connection_state state;

                if (!conn->uri->data) {
                        abort_connection(conn, connection_state(S_FTP_ERROR));
                        return;
                }

                state = init_directory_listing(&string, conn->uri);
                if (!is_in_state(state, S_OK)) {
                        abort_connection(conn, state);
                        return;
                }

                add_fragment(conn->cached, conn->from, string.source, string.length);
                conn->from += string.length;

                done_string(&string);

                if (conn->uri->datalen) {
                        struct ftp_file_info ftp_info = INIT_FTP_FILE_INFO_ROOT;

                        display_dir_entry(conn->cached, &conn->from, &conn->tries,
                                          &format, &ftp_info);
                }

                mem_free_set(&conn->cached->content_type, stracpy("text/html"));
        }

        len = safe_read(conn->data_socket->fd, ftp->ftp_buffer + ftp->buf_pos,
                        FTP_BUF_SIZE - ftp->buf_pos);
        if (len < 0) {
                retry_connection(conn, connection_state_for_errno(errno));
                return;
        }

        if (len > 0) {
                conn->received += len;

                if (!ftp->dir) {
                        if (add_fragment(conn->cached, conn->from,
                                         ftp->ftp_buffer, len) == 1)
                                conn->tries = 0;
                        conn->from += len;

                } else {
                        int proceeded;

                        proceeded = ftp_process_dirlist(conn->cached,
                                                        &conn->from,
                                                        ftp->ftp_buffer,
                                                        len + ftp->buf_pos,
                                                        0, &conn->tries,
                                                        &format);

                        if (proceeded == -1) goto out_of_mem;

                        ftp->buf_pos += len - proceeded;

                        memmove(ftp->ftp_buffer, ftp->ftp_buffer + proceeded,
                                ftp->buf_pos);

                }

                set_connection_state(conn, connection_state(S_TRANS));
                return;
        }

        if (ftp_process_dirlist(conn->cached, &conn->from,
                                ftp->ftp_buffer, ftp->buf_pos, 1,
                                &conn->tries, &format) == -1)
                goto out_of_mem;

#define ADD_CONST(str) { \
        add_fragment(conn->cached, conn->from, str, sizeof(str) - 1); \
        conn->from += (sizeof(str) - 1); }

        if (ftp->dir) ADD_CONST("</pre>\n<hr/>\n</body>\n</html>");

        close_socket(conn->data_socket);

        if (ftp->conn_state == 1) {
                ftp_end_request(conn, connection_state(S_OK));
        } else {
                ftp->conn_state = 2;
                set_connection_state(conn, connection_state(S_TRANS));
        }
}

static void
ftp_end_request(struct connection *conn, struct connection_state state)
{
        if (is_in_state(state, S_OK) && conn->cached) {
                normalize_cache_entry(conn->cached, conn->from);
        }

        set_connection_state(conn, state);
        add_keepalive_connection(conn, FTP_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT, NULL);
}