sbin/newfs/newfs.c

   1 /*
   2  * Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994
   3  *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   6  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   7  * are met:
   8  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   9  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  10  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  12  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  13  * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
  14  *    must display the following acknowledgement:
  15  *      This product includes software developed by the University of
  16  *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
  17  * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
  18  *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
  19  *    without specific prior written permission.
  20  *
  21  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  22  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  23  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  24  * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  25  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  26  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  27  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  28  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  29  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  30  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  31  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  32  *
  33  * @(#) Copyright (c) 1983, 1989, 1993, 1994 The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
  34  * @(#)newfs.c  8.13 (Berkeley) 5/1/95
  35  * $FreeBSD: src/sbin/newfs/newfs.c,v 1.30.2.9 2003/05/13 12:03:55 joerg Exp $
  36  * $DragonFly: src/sbin/newfs/newfs.c,v 1.17 2007/06/19 19:18:20 dillon Exp $
  37  */
  38
  39 /*
  40  * newfs: friendly front end to mkfs
  41  */
  42 #include <sys/param.h>
  43 #include <sys/stat.h>
  44 #include <sys/diskslice.h>
  45 #include <sys/file.h>
  46 #include <sys/mount.h>
  47
  48 #include <vfs/ufs/dir.h>
  49 #include <vfs/ufs/dinode.h>
  50 #include <vfs/ufs/fs.h>
  51 #include <vfs/ufs/ufsmount.h>
  52
  53 #include <ctype.h>
  54 #include <err.h>
  55 #include <errno.h>
  56 #include <paths.h>
  57 #include <stdio.h>
  58 #include <stdlib.h>
  59 #include <string.h>
  60 #include <syslog.h>
  61 #include <unistd.h>
  62 #include <disktab.h>
  63
  64 #ifdef MFS
  65 #include <sys/types.h>
  66 #include <sys/mman.h>
  67 #endif
  68
  69 #if __STDC__
  70 #include <stdarg.h>
  71 #else
  72 #include <varargs.h>
  73 #endif
  74
  75 #include "mntopts.h"
  76 #include "defs.h"
  77
  78 struct mntopt mopts[] = {
  79         MOPT_STDOPTS,
  80         MOPT_ASYNC,
  81         MOPT_NULL,
  82 };
  83
  84 void    fatal(const char *fmt, ...);
  85
  86 #define COMPAT                  /* allow non-labeled disks */
  87
  88 /*
  89  * The following two constants set the default block and fragment sizes.
  90  * Both constants must be a power of 2 and meet the following constraints:
  91  *      MINBSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE <= MAXBSIZE
  92  *      sectorsize <= DESFRAGSIZE <= DESBLKSIZE
  93  *      DESBLKSIZE / DESFRAGSIZE <= 8
  94  */
  95 #define DFL_FRAGSIZE    2048
  96 #define DFL_BLKSIZE     16384
  97
  98 /*
  99  * Cylinder groups may have up to many cylinders. The actual
 100  * number used depends upon how much information can be stored
 101  * on a single cylinder. The default is to use as many as possible
 102  * cylinders per group.
 103  */
 104 #define DESCPG          65536   /* desired fs_cpg ("infinity") */
 105
 106 /*
 107  * Once upon a time...
 108  *    ROTDELAY gives the minimum number of milliseconds to initiate
 109  *    another disk transfer on the same cylinder. It is used in
 110  *    determining the rotationally optimal layout for disk blocks
 111  *    within a file; the default of fs_rotdelay is 4ms.
 112  *
 113  * ...but now we make this 0 to disable the rotdelay delay because
 114  * modern drives with read/write-behind achieve higher performance
 115  * without the delay.
 116  */
 117 #define ROTDELAY        0
 118
 119 /*
 120  * MAXBLKPG determines the maximum number of data blocks which are
 121  * placed in a single cylinder group. The default is one indirect
 122  * block worth of data blocks.
 123  */
 124 #define MAXBLKPG(bsize) ((bsize) / sizeof(daddr_t))
 125
 126 /*
 127  * Each file system has a number of inodes statically allocated.
 128  * We allocate one inode slot per NFPI fragments, expecting this
 129  * to be far more than we will ever need.
 130  */
 131 #define NFPI            4
 132
 133 /*
 134  * Once upon a time...
 135  *    For each cylinder we keep track of the availability of blocks at different
 136  *    rotational positions, so that we can lay out the data to be picked
 137  *    up with minimum rotational latency.  NRPOS is the default number of
 138  *    rotational positions that we distinguish.  With NRPOS of 8 the resolution
 139  *    of our summary information is 2ms for a typical 3600 rpm drive.
 140  *
 141  * ...but now we make this 1 (which essentially disables the rotational
 142  * position table because modern drives with read-ahead and write-behind do
 143  * better without the rotational position table.
 144  */
 145 #define NRPOS           1       /* number distinct rotational positions */
 146
 147 /*
 148  * About the same time as the above, we knew what went where on the disks.
 149  * no longer so, so kill the code which finds the different platters too...
 150  * We do this by saying one head, with a lot of sectors on it.
 151  * The number of sectors are used to determine the size of a cyl-group.
 152  * Kirk suggested one or two meg per "cylinder" so we say two.
 153  */
 154 #define NTRACKS         1       /* number of heads */
 155 #define NSECTORS        4096    /* number of sectors */
 156
 157 int     mfs;                    /* run as the memory based filesystem */
 158 char    *mfs_mtpt;              /* mount point for mfs          */
 159 struct stat mfs_mtstat;         /* stat prior to mount          */
 160 int     Nflag;                  /* run without writing file system */
 161 int     Oflag;                  /* format as an 4.3BSD file system */
 162 int     Cflag;                  /* copy underlying filesystem (mfs only) */
 163 int     Uflag;                  /* enable soft updates for file system */
 164 int     fssize;                 /* file system size */
 165 int     ntracks = NTRACKS;      /* # tracks/cylinder */
 166 int     nsectors = NSECTORS;    /* # sectors/track */
 167 int     nphyssectors;           /* # sectors/track including spares */
 168 int     secpercyl;              /* sectors per cylinder */
 169 int     trackspares = -1;       /* spare sectors per track */
 170 int     cylspares = -1;         /* spare sectors per cylinder */
 171 int     sectorsize;             /* bytes/sector */
 172 int     realsectorsize;         /* bytes/sector in hardware */
 173 int     rpm;                    /* revolutions/minute of drive */
 174 int     interleave;             /* hardware sector interleave */
 175 int     trackskew = -1;         /* sector 0 skew, per track */
 176 int     headswitch;             /* head switch time, usec */
 177 int     trackseek;              /* track-to-track seek, usec */
 178 int     fsize = 0;              /* fragment size */
 179 int     bsize = 0;              /* block size */
 180 int     cpg = DESCPG;           /* cylinders/cylinder group */
 181 int     cpgflg;                 /* cylinders/cylinder group flag was given */
 182 int     minfree = MINFREE;      /* free space threshold */
 183 int     opt = DEFAULTOPT;       /* optimization preference (space or time) */
 184 int     density;                /* number of bytes per inode */
 185 int     maxcontig = 0;          /* max contiguous blocks to allocate */
 186 int     rotdelay = ROTDELAY;    /* rotational delay between blocks */
 187 int     maxbpg;                 /* maximum blocks per file in a cyl group */
 188 int     nrpos = NRPOS;          /* # of distinguished rotational positions */
 189 int     avgfilesize = AVFILESIZ;/* expected average file size */
 190 int     avgfilesperdir = AFPDIR;/* expected number of files per directory */
 191 int     bbsize = BBSIZE;        /* boot block size */
 192 int     sbsize = SBSIZE;        /* superblock size */
 193 int     mntflags = MNT_ASYNC;   /* flags to be passed to mount */
 194 int     t_or_u_flag = 0;        /* user has specified -t or -u */
 195 u_long  memleft;                /* virtual memory available */
 196 caddr_t membase;                /* start address of memory based filesystem */
 197 char    *filename;
 198 #ifdef COMPAT
 199 char    *disktype;
 200 int     unlabeled;
 201 #endif
 202
 203 char    mfsdevname[256];
 204 char    *progname;
 205
 206 static void usage(void);
 207 static void mfsintr(int signo);
 208
 209 int
 210 main(int argc, char **argv)
 211 {
 212         int ch;
 213         struct disktab geom;            /* disk geometry data */
 214         struct stat st;
 215         struct statfs *mp;
 216         int fsi = -1, fso = -1, len, n, vflag;
 217         char *s1, *s2, *special;
 218         const char *opstring;
 219 #ifdef MFS
 220         struct vfsconf vfc;
 221         int error;
 222 #endif
 223
 224         bzero(&geom, sizeof(geom));
 225         vflag = 0;
 226         if ((progname = strrchr(*argv, '/')))
 227                 ++progname;
 228         else
 229                 progname = *argv;
 230
 231         if (strstr(progname, "mfs")) {
 232                 mfs = 1;
 233                 Nflag++;
 234         }
 235
 236         opstring = mfs ?
 237             "NCF:T:Ua:b:c:d:e:f:g:h:i:m:o:s:v" :
 238             "NOS:T:Ua:b:c:d:e:f:g:h:i:k:l:m:n:o:p:r:s:t:u:vx:";
 239         while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opstring)) != -1) {
 240                 switch (ch) {
 241                 case 'N':
 242                         Nflag = 1;
 243                         break;
 244                 case 'O':
 245                         Oflag = 1;
 246                         break;
 247                 case 'C':
 248                         Cflag = 1;      /* MFS only */
 249                         break;
 250                 case 'S':
 251                         if ((sectorsize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
 252                                 fatal("%s: bad sector size", optarg);
 253                         break;
 254 #ifdef COMPAT
 255                 case 'T':
 256                         disktype = optarg;
 257                         break;
 258 #endif
 259                 case 'F':
 260                         filename = optarg;
 261                         break;
 262                 case 'U':
 263                         Uflag = 1;
 264                         break;
 265                 case 'a':
 266                         if ((maxcontig = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
 267                                 fatal("%s: bad maximum contiguous blocks",
 268                                     optarg);
 269                         break;
 270                 case 'b':
 271                         if ((bsize = atoi(optarg)) < MINBSIZE)
 272                                 fatal("%s: bad block size", optarg);
 273                         break;
 274                 case 'c':
 275                         if ((cpg = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
 276                                 fatal("%s: bad cylinders/group", optarg);
 277                         cpgflg++;
 278                         break;
 279                 case 'd':
 280                         if ((rotdelay = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
 281                                 fatal("%s: bad rotational delay", optarg);
 282                         break;
 283                 case 'e':
 284                         if ((maxbpg = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
 285                 fatal("%s: bad blocks per file in a cylinder group",
 286                                     optarg);
 287                         break;
 288                 case 'f':
 289                         if ((fsize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
 290                                 fatal("%s: bad fragment size", optarg);
 291                         break;
 292                 case 'g':
 293                         if ((avgfilesize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
 294                                 fatal("%s: bad average file size", optarg);
 295                         break;
 296                 case 'h':
 297                         if ((avgfilesperdir = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
 298                                 fatal("%s: bad average files per dir", optarg);
 299                         break;
 300                 case 'i':
 301                         if ((density = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
 302                                 fatal("%s: bad bytes per inode", optarg);
 303                         break;
 304                 case 'k':
 305                         if ((trackskew = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
 306                                 fatal("%s: bad track skew", optarg);
 307                         break;
 308                 case 'l':
 309                         if ((interleave = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
 310                                 fatal("%s: bad interleave", optarg);
 311                         break;
 312                 case 'm':
 313                         if ((minfree = atoi(optarg)) < 0 || minfree > 99)
 314                                 fatal("%s: bad free space %%", optarg);
 315                         break;
 316                 case 'n':
 317                         if ((nrpos = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
 318                                 fatal("%s: bad rotational layout count",
 319                                     optarg);
 320                         if (nrpos == 0)
 321                                 nrpos = 1;
 322                         break;
 323                 case 'o':
 324                         if (mfs)
 325                                 getmntopts(optarg, mopts, &mntflags, 0);
 326                         else {
 327                                 if (strcmp(optarg, "space") == 0)
 328                                         opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
 329                                 else if (strcmp(optarg, "time") == 0)
 330                                         opt = FS_OPTTIME;
 331                                 else
 332         fatal("%s: unknown optimization preference: use `space' or `time'", optarg);
 333                         }
 334                         break;
 335                 case 'p':
 336                         if ((trackspares = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
 337                                 fatal("%s: bad spare sectors per track",
 338                                     optarg);
 339                         break;
 340                 case 'r':
 341                         if ((rpm = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
 342                                 fatal("%s: bad revolutions/minute", optarg);
 343                         break;
 344                 case 's':
 345                         if ((fssize = atoi(optarg)) <= 0)
 346                                 fatal("%s: bad file system size", optarg);
 347                         break;
 348                 case 't':
 349                         t_or_u_flag++;
 350                         if ((ntracks = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
 351                                 fatal("%s: bad total tracks", optarg);
 352                         break;
 353                 case 'u':
 354                         t_or_u_flag++;
 355                         if ((nsectors = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
 356                                 fatal("%s: bad sectors/track", optarg);
 357                         break;
 358                 case 'v':
 359                         vflag = 1;
 360                         break;
 361                 case 'x':
 362                         if ((cylspares = atoi(optarg)) < 0)
 363                                 fatal("%s: bad spare sectors per cylinder",
 364                                     optarg);
 365                         break;
 366                 case '?':
 367                 default:
 368                         usage();
 369                 }
 370         }
 371         argc -= optind;
 372         argv += optind;
 373
 374         if (argc != 2 && (mfs || argc != 1))
 375                 usage();
 376
 377         special = argv[0];
 378         /* Copy the NetBSD way of faking up a disk label */
 379         if (mfs && !strcmp(special, "swap")) {
 380                 /*
 381                  * it's an MFS, mounted on "swap."  fake up a label.
 382                  * XXX XXX XXX
 383                  */
 384                 fso = -1;       /* XXX; normally done below. */
 385
 386                 geom.d_media_blksize = 512;
 387                 geom.d_nheads = 16;
 388                 geom.d_secpertrack = 64;
 389                 /* geom.d_ncylinders not used */
 390                 geom.d_secpercyl = 1024;
 391                 geom.d_media_blocks = 16384;
 392                 geom.d_rpm = 3600;
 393                 geom.d_interleave = 1;
 394
 395                 goto havelabel;
 396         }
 397
 398         /*
 399          * If we can't stat the device and the path is relative, try
 400          * prepending /dev.
 401          */
 402         if (stat(special, &st) < 0 && special[0] && special[0] != '/')
 403                 asprintf(&special, "/dev/%s", special);
 404
 405         if (Nflag) {
 406                 fso = -1;
 407         } else {
 408                 fso = open(special, O_WRONLY);
 409                 if (fso < 0)
 410                         fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
 411
 412                 /* Bail if target special is mounted */
 413                 n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT);
 414                 if (n == 0)
 415                         fatal("%s: getmntinfo: %s", special, strerror(errno));
 416
 417                 len = sizeof(_PATH_DEV) - 1;
 418                 s1 = special;
 419                 if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s1, len) == 0)
 420                         s1 += len;
 421
 422                 while (--n >= 0) {
 423                         s2 = mp->f_mntfromname;
 424                         if (strncmp(_PATH_DEV, s2, len) == 0) {
 425                                 s2 += len - 1;
 426                                 *s2 = 'r';
 427                         }
 428                         if (strcmp(s1, s2) == 0 || strcmp(s1, &s2[1]) == 0)
 429                                 fatal("%s is mounted on %s",
 430                                     special, mp->f_mntonname);
 431                         ++mp;
 432                 }
 433         }
 434         if (mfs && disktype != NULL) {
 435                 struct disktab *dt;
 436
 437                 if ((dt = getdisktabbyname(disktype)) == NULL)
 438                         fatal("%s: unknown disk type", disktype);
 439                 geom = *dt;
 440         } else {
 441                 struct partinfo pinfo;
 442
 443                 if (special[0] == 0)
 444                         fatal("null special file name");
 445                 fsi = open(special, O_RDONLY);
 446                 if (fsi < 0)
 447                         fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
 448                 if (fstat(fsi, &st) < 0)
 449                         fatal("%s: %s", special, strerror(errno));
 450                 if ((st.st_mode & S_IFMT) != S_IFCHR && !mfs && !vflag)
 451                         printf("%s: %s: not a character-special device\n",
 452                             progname, special);
 453 #ifdef COMPAT
 454                 if (!mfs && disktype == NULL)
 455                         disktype = argv[1];
 456 #endif
 457                 if (ioctl(fsi, DIOCGPART, &pinfo) < 0) {
 458                         if (!vflag) {
 459                                 fatal("%s: unable to retrieve geometry "
 460                                       "information", argv[0]);
 461                         }
 462                         /*
 463                          * fake up geometry data
 464                          */
 465                         geom.d_media_blksize = 512;
 466                         geom.d_nheads = 16;
 467                         geom.d_secpertrack = 64;
 468                         geom.d_secpercyl = 1024;
 469                         geom.d_media_blocks = st.st_size /
 470                                               geom.d_media_blksize;
 471                         geom.d_media_size = geom.d_media_blocks *
 472                                             geom.d_media_blksize;
 473                         /* geom.d_ncylinders not used */
 474                 } else {
 475                         /*
 476                          * extract geometry from pinfo
 477                          */
 478                         geom.d_media_blksize = pinfo.media_blksize;
 479                         geom.d_nheads = pinfo.d_nheads;
 480                         geom.d_secpertrack = pinfo.d_secpertrack;
 481                         geom.d_secpercyl = pinfo.d_secpercyl;
 482                         /* geom.d_ncylinders not used */
 483                         geom.d_media_blocks = pinfo.media_blocks;
 484                         geom.d_media_size = pinfo.media_size;
 485                 }
 486                 if (geom.d_media_blocks == 0 || geom.d_media_size == 0) {
 487                         fatal("%s: is unavailable", argv[0]);
 488                 }
 489                 printf("%s: media size %6.2fMB\n",
 490                         argv[0], geom.d_media_size / 1024.0 / 1024.0);
 491                 if (geom.d_media_size / 512 >= 0x80000000ULL)
 492                         fatal("%s: media size is too large for newfs to handle",
 493                               argv[0]);
 494         }
 495 havelabel:
 496         if (fssize == 0)
 497                 fssize = geom.d_media_blocks;
 498         if ((uint32_t)fssize > geom.d_media_blocks && !mfs) {
 499                fatal("%s: maximum file system size is %lld blocks",
 500                      argv[0], geom.d_media_blocks);
 501         }
 502         if (rpm == 0) {
 503                 rpm = geom.d_rpm;
 504                 if (rpm <= 0)
 505                         rpm = 3600;
 506         }
 507         if (ntracks == 0) {
 508                 ntracks = geom.d_nheads;
 509                 if (ntracks <= 0)
 510                         fatal("%s: no default #tracks", argv[0]);
 511         }
 512         if (nsectors == 0) {
 513                 nsectors = geom.d_secpertrack;
 514                 if (nsectors <= 0)
 515                         fatal("%s: no default #sectors/track", argv[0]);
 516         }
 517         if (sectorsize == 0) {
 518                 sectorsize = geom.d_media_blksize;
 519                 if (sectorsize <= 0)
 520                         fatal("%s: no default sector size", argv[0]);
 521         }
 522         if (trackskew == -1) {
 523                 trackskew = geom.d_trackskew;
 524                 if (trackskew < 0)
 525                         trackskew = 0;
 526         }
 527         if (interleave == 0) {
 528                 interleave = geom.d_interleave;
 529                 if (interleave <= 0)
 530                         interleave = 1;
 531         }
 532         if (fsize == 0)
 533                 fsize = MAX(DFL_FRAGSIZE, geom.d_media_blksize);
 534         if (bsize == 0)
 535                 bsize = MIN(DFL_BLKSIZE, 8 * fsize);
 536         /*
 537          * Maxcontig sets the default for the maximum number of blocks
 538          * that may be allocated sequentially. With filesystem clustering
 539          * it is possible to allocate contiguous blocks up to the maximum
 540          * transfer size permitted by the controller or buffering.
 541          */
 542         if (maxcontig == 0)
 543                 maxcontig = MAX(1, MAXPHYS / bsize - 1);
 544         if (density == 0)
 545                 density = NFPI * fsize;
 546         if (minfree < MINFREE && opt != FS_OPTSPACE) {
 547                 fprintf(stderr, "Warning: changing optimization to space ");
 548                 fprintf(stderr, "because minfree is less than %d%%\n", MINFREE);
 549                 opt = FS_OPTSPACE;
 550         }
 551         if (trackspares == -1)
 552                 trackspares = 0;
 553         nphyssectors = nsectors + trackspares;
 554         if (cylspares == -1)
 555                 cylspares = 0;
 556         secpercyl = nsectors * ntracks - cylspares;
 557         /*
 558          * Only complain if -t or -u have been specified; the default
 559          * case (4096 sectors per cylinder) is intended to disagree
 560          * with the disklabel.
 561          */
 562         if (t_or_u_flag && (uint32_t)secpercyl != geom.d_secpercyl)
 563                 fprintf(stderr, "%s (%d) %s (%u)\n",
 564                         "Warning: calculated sectors per cylinder", secpercyl,
 565                         "disagrees with disk label", geom.d_secpercyl);
 566         if (maxbpg == 0)
 567                 maxbpg = MAXBLKPG(bsize);
 568         headswitch = geom.d_headswitch;
 569         trackseek = geom.d_trkseek;
 570         realsectorsize = sectorsize;
 571         if (sectorsize != DEV_BSIZE) {          /* XXX */
 572                 int secperblk = sectorsize / DEV_BSIZE;
 573
 574                 sectorsize = DEV_BSIZE;
 575                 nsectors *= secperblk;
 576                 nphyssectors *= secperblk;
 577                 secpercyl *= secperblk;
 578                 fssize *= secperblk;
 579         }
 580         if (mfs) {
 581                 mfs_mtpt = argv[1];
 582                 if (
 583                     stat(mfs_mtpt, &mfs_mtstat) < 0 ||
 584                     !S_ISDIR(mfs_mtstat.st_mode)
 585                 ) {
 586                         fatal("mount point not dir: %s", mfs_mtpt);
 587                 }
 588         }
 589         mkfs(special, fsi, fso, (Cflag && mfs) ? argv[1] : NULL);
 590
 591         /*
 592          * NOTE: Newfs no longer accesses or attempts to update the
 593          * filesystem disklabel.
 594          */
 595         if (!Nflag)
 596                 close(fso);
 597         close(fsi);
 598 #ifdef MFS
 599         if (mfs) {
 600                 struct mfs_args args;
 601                 int udev;
 602
 603                 snprintf(mfsdevname, sizeof(mfsdevname), "/dev/mfs%d",
 604                         getpid());
 605                 args.fspec = mfsdevname;
 606                 args.export.ex_root = -2;
 607                 if (mntflags & MNT_RDONLY)
 608                         args.export.ex_flags = MNT_EXRDONLY;
 609                 else
 610                         args.export.ex_flags = 0;
 611                 args.base = membase;
 612                 args.size = fssize * sectorsize;
 613
 614                 error = getvfsbyname("mfs", &vfc);
 615                 if (error && vfsisloadable("mfs")) {
 616                         if (vfsload("mfs"))
 617                                 fatal("vfsload(mfs)");
 618                         endvfsent();    /* flush cache */
 619                         error = getvfsbyname("mfs", &vfc);
 620                 }
 621                 if (error)
 622                         fatal("mfs filesystem not available");
 623
 624                 udev = (253 << 8) | (getpid() & 255) |
 625                         ((getpid() & ~0xFF) << 8);
 626                 if (mknod(mfsdevname, S_IFCHR | 0700, udev) < 0)
 627                         printf("Warning: unable to create %s\n", mfsdevname);
 628                 signal(SIGINT, mfsintr);
 629                 if (mount(vfc.vfc_name, argv[1], mntflags, &args) < 0)
 630                         fatal("%s: %s", argv[1], strerror(errno));
 631                 signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
 632                 mfsintr(SIGINT);
 633         }
 634 #endif
 635         exit(0);
 636 }
 637
 638 #ifdef MFS
 639
 640 static void
 641 mfsintr(__unused int signo)
 642 {
 643         if (filename)
 644                 munmap(membase, fssize * sectorsize);
 645         remove(mfsdevname);
 646 }
 647
 648 #endif
 649
 650 /*VARARGS*/
 651 void
 652 fatal(const char *fmt, ...)
 653 {
 654         va_list ap;
 655
 656         va_start(ap, fmt);
 657         if (fcntl(STDERR_FILENO, F_GETFL) < 0) {
 658                 openlog(progname, LOG_CONS, LOG_DAEMON);
 659                 vsyslog(LOG_ERR, fmt, ap);
 660                 closelog();
 661         } else {
 662                 vwarnx(fmt, ap);
 663         }
 664         va_end(ap);
 665         exit(1);
 666         /*NOTREACHED*/
 667 }
 668
 669 static void
 670 usage(void)
 671 {
 672         if (mfs) {
 673                 fprintf(stderr,
 674                     "usage: %s [ -fsoptions ] special-device mount-point\n",
 675                         progname);
 676         } else
 677                 fprintf(stderr,
 678                     "usage: %s [ -fsoptions ] special-device%s\n",
 679                     progname,
 680 #ifdef COMPAT
 681                     " [device-type]");
 682 #else
 683                     "");
 684 #endif
 685         fprintf(stderr, "where fsoptions are:\n");
 686         fprintf(stderr, "\t-C (mfs) Copy the underlying filesystem to the MFS mount\n");
 687         fprintf(stderr,
 688             "\t-N do not create file system, just print out parameters\n");
 689         fprintf(stderr, "\t-O create a 4.3BSD format filesystem\n");
 690         fprintf(stderr, "\t-S sector size\n");
 691 #ifdef COMPAT
 692         fprintf(stderr, "\t-T disktype\n");
 693 #endif
 694         fprintf(stderr, "\t-U enable soft updates\n");
 695         fprintf(stderr, "\t-a maximum contiguous blocks\n");
 696         fprintf(stderr, "\t-b block size\n");
 697         fprintf(stderr, "\t-c cylinders/group\n");
 698         fprintf(stderr, "\t-d rotational delay between contiguous blocks\n");
 699         fprintf(stderr, "\t-e maximum blocks per file in a cylinder group\n");
 700         fprintf(stderr, "\t-f frag size\n");
 701         fprintf(stderr, "\t-g average file size\n");
 702         fprintf(stderr, "\t-h average files per directory\n");
 703         fprintf(stderr, "\t-i number of bytes per inode\n");
 704         fprintf(stderr, "\t-k sector 0 skew, per track\n");
 705         fprintf(stderr, "\t-l hardware sector interleave\n");
 706         fprintf(stderr, "\t-m minimum free space %%\n");
 707         fprintf(stderr, "\t-n number of distinguished rotational positions\n");
 708         fprintf(stderr, "\t-o optimization preference (`space' or `time')\n");
 709         fprintf(stderr, "\t-p spare sectors per track\n");
 710         fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size (sectors)\n");
 711         fprintf(stderr, "\t-r revolutions/minute\n");
 712         fprintf(stderr, "\t-t tracks/cylinder\n");
 713         fprintf(stderr, "\t-u sectors/track\n");
 714         fprintf(stderr,
 715         "\t-v do not attempt to determine partition name from device name\n");
 716         fprintf(stderr, "\t-x spare sectors per cylinder\n");
 717         exit(1);
 718 }