sql/db-interface.lisp

   1 ;;;; -*- Mode: LISP; Syntax: ANSI-Common-Lisp; Base: 10 -*-
   2 ;;;; *************************************************************************
   3 ;;;; FILE IDENTIFICATION
   4 ;;;;
   5 ;;;; Name:          db-interface.lisp
   6 ;;;; Purpose:       Generic function definitions for DB interfaces
   7 ;;;; Programmers:   Kevin M. Rosenberg based on
   8 ;;;;                Original code by Pierre R. Mai. Additions from
   9 ;;;;                onShoreD to support UncommonSQL front-end
  10 ;;;; Date Started:  Feb 2002
  11 ;;;;
  12 ;;;; $Id$
  13 ;;;;
  14 ;;;; This file, part of CLSQL, is Copyright (c) 2002-2004 by Kevin M. Rosenberg
  15 ;;;; and Copyright (c) 1999-2001 by Pierre R. Mai, and onShoreD
  16 ;;;;
  17 ;;;; CLSQL users are granted the rights to distribute and use this software
  18 ;;;; as governed by the terms of the Lisp Lesser GNU Public License
  19 ;;;; (http://opensource.franz.com/preamble.html), also known as the LLGPL.
  20 ;;;; *************************************************************************
  21
  22 (in-package #:clsql-sys)
  23
  24 (defgeneric database-type-load-foreign (database-type)
  25   (:documentation
  26    "The internal generic implementation of reload-database-types."))
  27
  28 (defgeneric database-type-library-loaded (database-type)
  29   (:documentation
  30    "The internal generic implementation for checking if
  31 database type library loaded successfully."))
  32
  33 (defgeneric database-initialize-database-type (database-type)
  34   (:documentation
  35    "The internal generic implementation of initialize-database-type."))
  36
  37 (defgeneric database-name-from-spec (connection-spec database-type)
  38   (:documentation
  39    "Returns the name of the database that would be created if connect
  40 was called with the connection-spec."))
  41
  42 (defgeneric database-connect (connection-spec database-type)
  43   (:documentation "Internal generic implementation of connect."))
  44
  45 (defgeneric database-reconnect (database)
  46   (:method ((database t))
  47            (signal-no-database-error database))
  48   (:documentation "Internal generic implementation of reconnect."))
  49
  50 (defgeneric database-disconnect (database)
  51   (:method ((database t))
  52            (signal-no-database-error database))
  53   (:documentation "Internal generic implementation of disconnect."))
  54
  55 (defgeneric database-query (query-expression database result-types field-names)
  56   (:method (query-expression (database t) result-types field-names)
  57            (declare (ignore query-expression result-types field-names))
  58            (signal-no-database-error database))
  59   (:method (query-expression (database database) result-types field-names)
  60              (declare (ignore query-expression result-types field-names))
  61              (warn "database-query not implemented for database type ~A."
  62                    (database-type database)))
  63   (:documentation "Internal generic implementation of query."))
  64
  65
  66 (defgeneric database-execute-command (sql-expression database)
  67   (:method (sql-expression (database t))
  68            (declare (ignore sql-expression))
  69            (signal-no-database-error database))
  70   (:method (sql-expression (database database))
  71            (declare (ignore sql-expression))
  72            (warn "database-execute-command not implemented for database type ~A."
  73                  (database-type database)))
  74   (:documentation "Internal generic implementation of execute-command."))
  75
  76 ;;; Mapping and iteration
  77 (defgeneric database-query-result-set
  78     (query-expression database &key full-set result-types)
  79   (:method (query-expression (database t) &key full-set result-types)
  80            (declare (ignore query-expression full-set result-types))
  81            (signal-no-database-error database)
  82            (values nil nil nil))
  83   (:method (query-expression (database database) &key full-set result-types)
  84            (declare (ignore query-expression full-set result-types))
  85            (warn "database-query-result-set not implemented for database type ~A."
  86                  (database-type database))
  87            (values nil nil nil))
  88   (:documentation
  89    "Internal generic implementation of query mapping.  Starts the
  90 query specified by query-expression on the given database and returns
  91 a result-set to be used with database-store-next-row and
  92 database-dump-result-set to access the returned data.  The second
  93 value is the number of columns in the result-set, if there are any.
  94 If full-set is true, the number of rows in the result-set is returned
  95 as a third value, if this is possible (otherwise nil is returned for
  96 the third value).  This might have memory and resource usage
  97 implications, since many databases will require the query to be
  98 executed in full to answer this question.  If the query produced no
  99 results then nil is returned for all values that would have been
 100 returned otherwise.  If an error occurs during query execution, the
 101 function should signal a sql-database-data-error."))
 102
 103 (defgeneric database-dump-result-set (result-set database)
 104   (:method (result-set (database t))
 105            (declare (ignore result-set))
 106            (signal-no-database-error database))
 107     (:method (result-set (database database))
 108            (declare (ignore result-set))
 109            (warn "database-dump-result-set not implemented for database type ~A."
 110                  (database-type database)))
 111   (:documentation "Dumps the received result-set."))
 112
 113 (defgeneric database-store-next-row (result-set database list)
 114   (:method (result-set (database t) list)
 115            (declare (ignore result-set list))
 116            (signal-no-database-error database))
 117     (:method (result-set (database database) list)
 118            (declare (ignore result-set list))
 119            (warn "database-store-next-row not implemented for database type ~A."
 120                  (database-type database)))
 121   (:documentation
 122    "Returns t and stores the next row in the result set in list or
 123 returns nil when result-set is finished."))
 124
 125 (defgeneric database-create (connection-spec type)
 126   (:documentation
 127    "Creates a database, returns T if successfull or signals an error."))
 128
 129 (defgeneric database-probe (connection-spec type)
 130   (:method (spec type)
 131     (declare (ignore spec))
 132     (warn "database-proe not support for database-type ~A." type))
 133   (:documentation
 134    "Probes for the existence of a database, returns T if database found or NIL
 135 if not found. May signal an error if unable to communicate with database server."))
 136
 137 (defgeneric database-list (connection-spec type)
 138   (:method (spec type)
 139     (declare (ignore spec))
 140     (warn "database-list not support for database-type ~A." type))
 141   (:documentation
 142    "Lists all databases found for TYPE. May signal an error if unable to communicate with database server."))
 143
 144 (defgeneric database-destroy (connection-spec database)
 145   (:documentation "Destroys (drops) a database."))
 146
 147 (defgeneric database-truncate (database)
 148   (:method ((database t))
 149     (signal-no-database-error database))
 150   (:documentation "Remove all data from database."))
 151
 152 (defgeneric database-destory (connection-spec type)
 153   (:documentation
 154    "Destroys a database, returns T if successfull or signals an error
 155 if unable to destory."))
 156
 157 (defgeneric database-create-sequence (name database)
 158   (:documentation "Create a sequence in DATABASE."))
 159
 160 (defgeneric database-drop-sequence (name database)
 161   (:documentation "Drop a sequence from DATABASE."))
 162
 163 (defgeneric database-sequence-next (name database)
 164   (:documentation "Increment a sequence in DATABASE."))
 165
 166 (defgeneric database-list-sequences (database &key owner)
 167   (:documentation "List all sequences in DATABASE."))
 168
 169 (defgeneric database-set-sequence-position (name position database)
 170   (:documentation "Set the position of the sequence called NAME in DATABASE."))
 171
 172 (defgeneric database-sequence-last (name database)
 173   (:documentation "Select the last value in sequence NAME in DATABASE."))
 174
 175 (defgeneric database-start-transaction (database)
 176   (:documentation "Start a transaction in DATABASE.")
 177   (:method ((database t))
 178            (signal-no-database-error database)))
 179
 180 (defgeneric database-commit-transaction (database)
 181   (:documentation "Commit current transaction in DATABASE.")
 182   (:method ((database t))
 183            (signal-no-database-error database)))
 184
 185 (defgeneric database-abort-transaction (database)
 186   (:documentation "Abort current transaction in DATABASE.")
 187   (:method ((database t))
 188            (signal-no-database-error database)))
 189
 190 (defgeneric database-get-type-specifier (type args database db-underlying-type)
 191   (:documentation "Return the type SQL type specifier as a string, for
 192 the given lisp type and parameters."))
 193
 194 (defgeneric database-list-tables (database &key owner)
 195   (:documentation "List all tables in the given database")
 196   (:method ((database database) &key owner)
 197            (declare (ignore owner))
 198            (warn "database-list-tables not implemented for database type ~A."
 199                  (database-type database)))
 200   (:method ((database t) &key owner)
 201            (declare (ignore owner))
 202            (signal-no-database-error database)))
 203
 204 (defgeneric database-list-tables-and-sequences (database &key owner)
 205   (:documentation "List all tables in the given database, may include seqeneces")
 206   (:method ((database t) &key owner)
 207            (declare (ignore owner))
 208            (signal-no-database-error database))
 209   (:method ((database database) &key owner)
 210            (database-list-tables database :owner owner)))
 211
 212 (defgeneric database-list-views (database &key owner)
 213   (:documentation "List all views in the DATABASE.")
 214   (:method ((database database) &key owner)
 215            (declare (ignore owner))
 216            (warn "database-list-views not implemented for database type ~A."
 217                  (database-type database)))
 218   (:method ((database t) &key owner)
 219            (declare (ignore owner))
 220            (signal-no-database-error database)))
 221
 222 (defgeneric database-list-indexes (database &key owner)
 223   (:documentation "List all indexes in the DATABASE.")
 224   (:method ((database database) &key owner)
 225            (declare (ignore owner))
 226            (warn "database-list-indexes not implemented for database type ~A."
 227                  (database-type database)))
 228   (:method ((database t) &key owner)
 229     (declare (ignore owner))
 230     (signal-no-database-error database)))
 231
 232 (defgeneric database-list-table-indexes (table database &key owner)
 233   (:documentation "List all indexes for a table in the DATABASE.")
 234   (:method (table (database database) &key owner)
 235            (declare (ignore table owner))
 236            (warn "database-list-table-indexes not implemented for database type ~A."
 237                  (database-type database)))
 238   (:method (table (database t) &key owner)
 239            (declare (ignore table owner))
 240            (signal-no-database-error database)))
 241
 242 (defgeneric database-list-attributes (table database &key owner)
 243   (:documentation "List all attributes in TABLE.")
 244   (:method (table (database database) &key owner)
 245            (declare (ignore table owner))
 246            (warn "database-list-attributes not implemented for database type ~A."
 247                  (database-type database)))
 248   (:method (table (database t) &key owner)
 249            (declare (ignore table owner))
 250            (signal-no-database-error database)))
 251
 252 (defgeneric database-attribute-type (attribute table database &key owner)
 253   (:documentation "Return the type of ATTRIBUTE in TABLE. Returns multiple values
 254 of TYPE_NAME (keyword) PRECISION SCALE NULLABLE.")
 255   (:method (attribute table (database database) &key owner)
 256            (declare (ignore attribute table owner))
 257            (warn "database-list-attribute-type not implemented for database type ~A."
 258                  (database-type database)))
 259   (:method (attribute table (database t) &key owner)
 260            (declare (ignore attribute table owner))
 261            (signal-no-database-error database)))
 262
 263 (defgeneric database-add-attribute (table attribute database)
 264   (:documentation "Add the attribute to the table.")
 265   (:method (table attribute (database database))
 266            (declare (ignore table attribute))
 267            (warn "database-add-attribute not implemented for database type ~A."
 268                  (database-type database)))
 269   (:method (table attribute (database t))
 270            (declare (ignore table attribute))
 271            (signal-no-database-error database)))
 272
 273 (defgeneric database-rename-attribute (table oldatt newname database)
 274   (:documentation "Rename the attribute in the table to NEWNAME.")
 275   (:method (table oldatt newname (database database))
 276            (declare (ignore table oldatt newname))
 277            (warn "database-rename-attribute not implemented for database type ~A."
 278                  (database-type database)))
 279   (:method (table oldatt newname (database t))
 280            (declare (ignore table oldatt newname))
 281            (signal-no-database-error database)))
 282
 283 (defgeneric oid (object)
 284   (:documentation "Return the unique ID of a database object."))
 285
 286 ;;; Database backend capabilities
 287
 288 (defgeneric database-underlying-type (database)
 289   (:method (database)
 290     (database-type database))
 291   (:documentation "Returns the type of the underlying database. For ODBC, needs to query ODBC driver."))
 292
 293 (defgeneric db-type-use-column-on-drop-index? (db-type)
 294   (:method (db-type)
 295            (declare (ignore db-type))
 296            nil)
 297   (:documentation "NIL [default] if database-type does not use column name on DROP INDEX."))
 298
 299 (defgeneric db-type-use-fully-qualified-column-on-drop-index? (db-type)
 300   (:method (db-type)
 301            (declare (ignore db-type))
 302            nil)
 303   (:documentation "NIL [default] if database-type does not require fully qualified column name on DROP INDEX."))
 304
 305 (defgeneric db-type-has-views? (db-type)
 306   (:method (db-type)
 307            (declare (ignore db-type))
 308            ;; SQL92 has views
 309            t)
 310   (:documentation "T [default] if database-type supports views."))
 311
 312 (defgeneric db-type-has-bigint? (db-type)
 313   (:method (db-type)
 314            (declare (ignore db-type))
 315            ;; SQL92 has bigint
 316            t)
 317   (:documentation "T [default] if database-type supports bigint."))
 318
 319 (defgeneric db-type-default-case (db-type)
 320   (:method (db-type)
 321            (declare (ignore db-type))
 322            ;; By default, CommonSQL converts identifiers to UPPER case.
 323            :upper)
 324   (:documentation ":upper [default] if means identifiers mapped to UPPER case SQL like CommonSQL API. However, Postgresql maps identifiers to lower case, so PostgreSQL uses a value of :lower for this result."))
 325
 326 (defgeneric db-type-has-fancy-math? (db-type)
 327   (:method (db-type)
 328            (declare (ignore db-type))
 329            nil)
 330   (:documentation "NIL [default] if database-type does not have fancy math."))
 331
 332 (defgeneric db-type-has-subqueries? (db-type)
 333   (:method (db-type)
 334            (declare (ignore db-type))
 335            t)
 336   (:documentation "T [default] if database-type supports views."))
 337
 338 (defgeneric db-type-has-boolean-where? (db-type)
 339   (:method (db-type)
 340            (declare (ignore db-type))
 341            ;; SQL99 has boolean where
 342            t)
 343   (:documentation "T [default] if database-type supports boolean WHERE clause, such as 'WHERE MARRIED'."))
 344
 345 (defgeneric db-type-has-union? (db-type)
 346   (:method (db-type)
 347            (declare (ignore db-type))
 348            t)
 349   (:documentation "T [default] if database-type supports boolean UNION."))
 350
 351 (defgeneric db-backend-has-create/destroy-db? (db-type)
 352   (:method (db-type)
 353            (declare (ignore db-type))
 354            t)
 355   (:documentation "T [default] if backend can destroy and create databases."))
 356
 357 (defgeneric db-type-transaction-capable? (db database)
 358   (:method (db database)
 359            (declare (ignore db database))
 360            t)
 361   (:documentation "T [default] if database can supports transactions."))
 362
 363 (defgeneric db-type-has-prepared-stmt? (db-type)
 364   (:method ((db-type t))
 365     nil)
 366   (:documentation "T if database backend supports prepared statements."))
 367
 368 (defgeneric db-type-has-intersect? (db-type)
 369   (:method (db-type)
 370            (declare (ignore db-type))
 371            t)
 372   (:documentation "T [default] if database-type supports INTERSECT."))
 373
 374 (defgeneric db-type-has-except? (db-type)
 375   (:method (db-type)
 376            (declare (ignore db-type))
 377            t)
 378   (:documentation "T [default] if database-type supports EXCEPT."))
 379
 380 ;;; Large objects support (Marc Battyani)
 381
 382 (defgeneric database-create-large-object (database)
 383   (:documentation "Creates a new large object in the database and returns the object identifier"))
 384
 385 (defgeneric database-write-large-object (object-id data database)
 386   (:documentation "Writes data to the large object"))
 387
 388 (defgeneric database-read-large-object (object-id database)
 389   (:documentation "Reads the large object content"))
 390
 391 (defgeneric database-delete-large-object (object-id database)
 392   (:documentation "Deletes the large object in the database"))
 393
 394 ;; Prepared statements
 395
 396 (defgeneric database-prepare (stmt types database result-types field-names)
 397   (:method (stmt types (database t) result-types field-names)
 398     (declare (ignore stmt types result-types field-names))
 399     (signal-no-database-error database))
 400   (:method (stmt types (database database) result-types field-names)
 401     (declare (ignore stmt types result-types field-names))
 402     (error 'sql-database-error
 403            :message
 404            (format nil "DATABASE-PREPARE not implemented for ~S" database)))
 405   (:documentation "Prepare a statement for later execution."))
 406
 407 (defgeneric database-bind-parameter (prepared-stmt position value)
 408   (:method ((pstmt t) position value)
 409     (declare (ignore position value))
 410     (error 'sql-database-error
 411            :message
 412            (format nil "database-bind-paremeter not implemented for ~S" pstmt)))
 413   (:documentation "Bind a parameter for a prepared statement."))
 414
 415 (defgeneric database-run-prepared (prepared-stmt)
 416   (:method ((pstmt t))
 417     (error 'sql-database-error
 418            :message (format nil "database-run-prepared not specialized for ~S" pstmt)))
 419   (:documentation "Execute a prepared statement."))
 420
 421 (defgeneric database-free-prepared (prepared-stmt)
 422   (:method ((pstmt t))
 423     ;; nothing to do by default
 424     nil)
 425   (:documentation "Free the resources of a prepared statement."))
 426
 427 ;; Checks for closed database
 428
 429 (defmethod database-disconnect :before ((database database))
 430   (unless (is-database-open database)
 431     (signal-closed-database-error database)))
 432
 433 (defmethod database-query :before (query-expression (database database)
 434                                    result-set field-names)
 435   (declare (ignore query-expression result-set field-names))
 436   (unless (is-database-open database)
 437     (signal-closed-database-error database)))
 438
 439 (defmethod database-execute-command :before (sql-expression (database database))
 440   (declare (ignore sql-expression))
 441   (unless (is-database-open database)
 442     (signal-closed-database-error database)))
 443
 444 (defmethod database-query-result-set :before (expr (database database)
 445                                             &key full-set result-types)
 446   (declare (ignore expr full-set result-types))
 447   (unless (is-database-open database)
 448     (signal-closed-database-error database)))
 449
 450 (defmethod database-dump-result-set :before (result-set (database database))
 451   (declare (ignore result-set))
 452   (unless (is-database-open database)
 453     (signal-closed-database-error database)))
 454
 455 (defmethod database-store-next-row :before (result-set (database database) list)
 456   (declare (ignore result-set list))
 457   (unless (is-database-open database)
 458     (signal-closed-database-error database)))
 459
 460 (defmethod database-commit-transaction :before ((database database))
 461   (unless (is-database-open database)
 462     (signal-closed-database-error database)))
 463
 464 (defmethod database-start-transaction :before ((database database))
 465   (unless (is-database-open database)
 466     (signal-closed-database-error database)))
 467
 468 (defmethod database-abort-transaction :before ((database database))
 469   (unless (is-database-open database)
 470     (signal-closed-database-error database)))
 471
 472 (defvar *foreign-library-search-paths* nil
 473   "A list of pathnames denoting directories where CLSQL will look
 474 for foreign libraries \(in addition to the default places).")
 475
 476 (defun push-library-path (path)
 477   "Adds the pathspec PATH \(which should denote a directory) to
 478 the list *FOREIGN-LIBRARY-SEARCH-PATHS*."
 479   (pushnew path *foreign-library-search-paths* :test #'equal))