| blob | 831fb9e2037cd82b95a5e1fb0582963344029671 |
1 --
2 -- STRINGS
3 -- Test various data entry syntaxes.
4 --
5 -- SQL92 string continuation syntax
6 -- E021-03 character string literals
7 SELECT 'first line'
8 ' - next line'
9 ' - third line'
10 AS "Three lines to one";
11 Three lines to one
12 -------------------------------------
13 first line - next line - third line
14 (1 row)
16 -- illegal string continuation syntax
17 SELECT 'first line'
18 ' - next line' /* this comment is not allowed here */
19 ' - third line'
20 AS "Illegal comment within continuation";
21 ERROR: syntax error at or near "' - third line'"
22 LINE 3: ' - third line'
23 ^
24 -- Unicode escapes
25 SET standard_conforming_strings TO on;
26 SELECT U&'d\0061t\+000061' AS U&"d\0061t\+000061";
27 data
28 ------
29 data
30 (1 row)
32 SELECT U&'d!0061t\+000061' UESCAPE '!' AS U&"d*0061t\+000061" UESCAPE '*';
33 dat\+000061
34 -------------
35 dat\+000061
36 (1 row)
38 SELECT U&' \' UESCAPE '!' AS "tricky";
39 tricky
40 --------
41 \
42 (1 row)
44 SELECT 'tricky' AS U&"\" UESCAPE '!';
45 \
46 --------
47 tricky
48 (1 row)
50 SELECT U&'wrong: \061';
51 ERROR: invalid Unicode escape value at or near "\061'"
52 LINE 1: SELECT U&'wrong: \061';
53 ^
54 SELECT U&'wrong: \+0061';
55 ERROR: invalid Unicode escape value at or near "\+0061'"
56 LINE 1: SELECT U&'wrong: \+0061';
57 ^
58 SELECT U&'wrong: +0061' UESCAPE '+';
59 ERROR: invalid Unicode escape character at or near "+'"
60 LINE 1: SELECT U&'wrong: +0061' UESCAPE '+';
61 ^
62 SET standard_conforming_strings TO off;
63 SELECT U&'d\0061t\+000061' AS U&"d\0061t\+000061";
64 ERROR: unsafe use of string constant with Unicode escapes
65 DETAIL: String constants with Unicode escapes cannot be used when standard_conforming_strings is off.
66 SELECT U&'d!0061t\+000061' UESCAPE '!' AS U&"d*0061t\+000061" UESCAPE '*';
67 ERROR: unsafe use of string constant with Unicode escapes
68 DETAIL: String constants with Unicode escapes cannot be used when standard_conforming_strings is off.
69 SELECT U&' \' UESCAPE '!' AS "tricky";
70 ERROR: unsafe use of string constant with Unicode escapes
71 DETAIL: String constants with Unicode escapes cannot be used when standard_conforming_strings is off.
72 SELECT 'tricky' AS U&"\" UESCAPE '!';
73 \
74 --------
75 tricky
76 (1 row)
78 SELECT U&'wrong: \061';
79 ERROR: unsafe use of string constant with Unicode escapes
80 DETAIL: String constants with Unicode escapes cannot be used when standard_conforming_strings is off.
81 SELECT U&'wrong: \+0061';
82 ERROR: unsafe use of string constant with Unicode escapes
83 DETAIL: String constants with Unicode escapes cannot be used when standard_conforming_strings is off.
84 SELECT U&'wrong: +0061' UESCAPE '+';
85 ERROR: unsafe use of string constant with Unicode escapes
86 DETAIL: String constants with Unicode escapes cannot be used when standard_conforming_strings is off.
87 RESET standard_conforming_strings;
88 --
89 -- test conversions between various string types
90 -- E021-10 implicit casting among the character data types
91 --
92 SELECT CAST(f1 AS text) AS "text(char)" FROM CHAR_TBL;
93 text(char)
94 ------------
95 a
96 ab
97 abcd
98 abcd
99 (4 rows)
101 SELECT CAST(f1 AS text) AS "text(varchar)" FROM VARCHAR_TBL;
102 text(varchar)
103 ---------------
104 a
105 ab
106 abcd
107 abcd
108 (4 rows)
110 SELECT CAST(name 'namefield' AS text) AS "text(name)";
111 text(name)
112 ------------
113 namefield
114 (1 row)
116 -- since this is an explicit cast, it should truncate w/o error:
117 SELECT CAST(f1 AS char(10)) AS "char(text)" FROM TEXT_TBL;
118 char(text)
119 ------------
120 doh!
121 hi de ho n
122 (2 rows)
124 -- note: implicit-cast case is tested in char.sql
125 SELECT CAST(f1 AS char(20)) AS "char(text)" FROM TEXT_TBL;
126 char(text)
127 ----------------------
128 doh!
129 hi de ho neighbor
130 (2 rows)
132 SELECT CAST(f1 AS char(10)) AS "char(varchar)" FROM VARCHAR_TBL;
133 char(varchar)
134 ---------------
135 a
136 ab
137 abcd
138 abcd
139 (4 rows)
141 SELECT CAST(name 'namefield' AS char(10)) AS "char(name)";
142 char(name)
143 ------------
144 namefield
145 (1 row)
147 SELECT CAST(f1 AS varchar) AS "varchar(text)" FROM TEXT_TBL;
148 varchar(text)
149 -------------------
150 doh!
151 hi de ho neighbor
152 (2 rows)
154 SELECT CAST(f1 AS varchar) AS "varchar(char)" FROM CHAR_TBL;
155 varchar(char)
156 ---------------
157 a
158 ab
159 abcd
160 abcd
161 (4 rows)
163 SELECT CAST(name 'namefield' AS varchar) AS "varchar(name)";
164 varchar(name)
165 ---------------
166 namefield
167 (1 row)
169 --
170 -- test SQL92 string functions
171 -- E### and T### are feature reference numbers from SQL99
172 --
173 -- E021-09 trim function
174 SELECT TRIM(BOTH FROM ' bunch o blanks ') = 'bunch o blanks' AS "bunch o blanks";
175 bunch o blanks
176 ----------------
177 t
178 (1 row)
180 SELECT TRIM(LEADING FROM ' bunch o blanks ') = 'bunch o blanks ' AS "bunch o blanks ";
181 bunch o blanks
182 ------------------
183 t
184 (1 row)
186 SELECT TRIM(TRAILING FROM ' bunch o blanks ') = ' bunch o blanks' AS " bunch o blanks";
187 bunch o blanks
188 ------------------
189 t
190 (1 row)
192 SELECT TRIM(BOTH 'x' FROM 'xxxxxsome Xsxxxxx') = 'some Xs' AS "some Xs";
193 some Xs
194 ---------
195 t
196 (1 row)
198 -- E021-06 substring expression
199 SELECT SUBSTRING('1234567890' FROM 3) = '34567890' AS "34567890";
200 34567890
201 ----------
202 t
203 (1 row)
205 SELECT SUBSTRING('1234567890' FROM 4 FOR 3) = '456' AS "456";
206 456
207 -----
208 t
209 (1 row)
211 -- T581 regular expression substring (with SQL99's bizarre regexp syntax)
212 SELECT SUBSTRING('abcdefg' FROM 'a#"(b_d)#"%' FOR '#') AS "bcd";
213 bcd
214 -----
215 bcd
216 (1 row)
218 -- No match should return NULL
219 SELECT SUBSTRING('abcdefg' FROM '#"(b_d)#"%' FOR '#') IS NULL AS "True";
220 True
221 ------
222 t
223 (1 row)
225 -- Null inputs should return NULL
226 SELECT SUBSTRING('abcdefg' FROM '(b|c)' FOR NULL) IS NULL AS "True";
227 True
228 ------
229 t
230 (1 row)
232 SELECT SUBSTRING(NULL FROM '(b|c)' FOR '#') IS NULL AS "True";
233 True
234 ------
235 t
236 (1 row)
238 SELECT SUBSTRING('abcdefg' FROM NULL FOR '#') IS NULL AS "True";
239 True
240 ------
241 t
242 (1 row)
244 -- PostgreSQL extension to allow omitting the escape character;
245 -- here the regexp is taken as Posix syntax
246 SELECT SUBSTRING('abcdefg' FROM 'c.e') AS "cde";
247 cde
248 -----
249 cde
250 (1 row)
252 -- With a parenthesized subexpression, return only what matches the subexpr
253 SELECT SUBSTRING('abcdefg' FROM 'b(.*)f') AS "cde";
254 cde
255 -----
256 cde
257 (1 row)
259 -- PostgreSQL extension to allow using back reference in replace string;
260 SELECT regexp_replace('1112223333', E'(\\d{3})(\\d{3})(\\d{4})', E'(\\1) \\2-\\3');
261 regexp_replace
262 ----------------
263 (111) 222-3333
264 (1 row)
266 SELECT regexp_replace('AAA BBB CCC ', E'\\s+', ' ', 'g');
267 regexp_replace
268 ----------------
269 AAA BBB CCC
270 (1 row)
272 SELECT regexp_replace('AAA', '^|$', 'Z', 'g');
273 regexp_replace
274 ----------------
275 ZAAAZ
276 (1 row)
278 SELECT regexp_replace('AAA aaa', 'A+', 'Z', 'gi');
279 regexp_replace
280 ----------------
281 Z Z
282 (1 row)
284 -- invalid regexp option
285 SELECT regexp_replace('AAA aaa', 'A+', 'Z', 'z');
286 ERROR: invalid regexp option: "z"
287 -- set so we can tell NULL from empty string
288 \pset null '\\N'
289 -- return all matches from regexp
290 SELECT regexp_matches('foobarbequebaz', $re$(bar)(beque)$re$);
291 regexp_matches
292 ----------------
293 {bar,beque}
294 (1 row)
296 -- test case insensitive
297 SELECT regexp_matches('foObARbEqUEbAz', $re$(bar)(beque)$re$, 'i');
298 regexp_matches
299 ----------------
300 {bAR,bEqUE}
301 (1 row)
303 -- global option - more than one match
304 SELECT regexp_matches('foobarbequebazilbarfbonk', $re$(b[^b]+)(b[^b]+)$re$, 'g');
305 regexp_matches
306 ----------------
307 {bar,beque}
308 {bazil,barf}
309 (2 rows)
311 -- empty capture group (matched empty string)
312 SELECT regexp_matches('foobarbequebaz', $re$(bar)(.*)(beque)$re$);
313 regexp_matches
314 ----------------
315 {bar,"",beque}
316 (1 row)
318 -- no match
319 SELECT regexp_matches('foobarbequebaz', $re$(bar)(.+)(beque)$re$);
320 regexp_matches
321 ----------------
322 (0 rows)
324 -- optional capture group did not match, null entry in array
325 SELECT regexp_matches('foobarbequebaz', $re$(bar)(.+)?(beque)$re$);
326 regexp_matches
327 ------------------
328 {bar,NULL,beque}
329 (1 row)
331 -- no capture groups
332 SELECT regexp_matches('foobarbequebaz', $re$barbeque$re$);
333 regexp_matches
334 ----------------
335 {barbeque}
336 (1 row)
338 -- give me errors
339 SELECT regexp_matches('foobarbequebaz', $re$(bar)(beque)$re$, 'gz');
340 ERROR: invalid regexp option: "z"
341 SELECT regexp_matches('foobarbequebaz', $re$(barbeque$re$);
342 ERROR: invalid regular expression: parentheses () not balanced
343 SELECT regexp_matches('foobarbequebaz', $re$(bar)(beque){2,1}$re$);
344 ERROR: invalid regular expression: invalid repetition count(s)
345 -- split string on regexp
346 SELECT foo, length(foo) FROM regexp_split_to_table('the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog', $re$\s+$re$) AS foo;
347 foo | length
348 --------+--------
349 the | 3
350 quick | 5
351 brown | 5
352 fox | 3
353 jumped | 6
354 over | 4
355 the | 3
356 lazy | 4
357 dog | 3
358 (9 rows)
360 SELECT regexp_split_to_array('the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog', $re$\s+$re$);
361 regexp_split_to_array
362 ------------------------------------------------
363 {the,quick,brown,fox,jumped,over,the,lazy,dog}
364 (1 row)
366 SELECT foo, length(foo) FROM regexp_split_to_table('the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog', $re$\s*$re$) AS foo;
367 foo | length
368 -----+--------
369 t | 1
370 h | 1
371 e | 1
372 q | 1
373 u | 1
374 i | 1
375 c | 1
376 k | 1
377 b | 1
378 r | 1
379 o | 1
380 w | 1
381 n | 1
382 f | 1
383 o | 1
384 x | 1
385 j | 1
386 u | 1
387 m | 1
388 p | 1
389 e | 1
390 d | 1
391 o | 1
392 v | 1
393 e | 1
394 r | 1
395 t | 1
396 h | 1
397 e | 1
398 l | 1
399 a | 1
400 z | 1
401 y | 1
402 d | 1
403 o | 1
404 g | 1
405 (36 rows)
407 SELECT regexp_split_to_array('the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog', $re$\s*$re$);
408 regexp_split_to_array
409 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
410 {t,h,e,q,u,i,c,k,b,r,o,w,n,f,o,x,j,u,m,p,e,d,o,v,e,r,t,h,e,l,a,z,y,d,o,g}
411 (1 row)
413 SELECT foo, length(foo) FROM regexp_split_to_table('the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog', '') AS foo;
414 foo | length
415 -----+--------
416 t | 1
417 h | 1
418 e | 1
419 | 1
420 q | 1
421 u | 1
422 i | 1
423 c | 1
424 k | 1
425 | 1
426 b | 1
427 r | 1
428 o | 1
429 w | 1
430 n | 1
431 | 1
432 f | 1
433 o | 1
434 x | 1
435 | 1
436 j | 1
437 u | 1
438 m | 1
439 p | 1
440 e | 1
441 d | 1
442 | 1
443 o | 1
444 v | 1
445 e | 1
446 r | 1
447 | 1
448 t | 1
449 h | 1
450 e | 1
451 | 1
452 l | 1
453 a | 1
454 z | 1
455 y | 1
456 | 1
457 d | 1
458 o | 1
459 g | 1
460 (44 rows)
462 SELECT regexp_split_to_array('the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog', '');
463 regexp_split_to_array
464 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
465 {t,h,e," ",q,u,i,c,k," ",b,r,o,w,n," ",f,o,x," ",j,u,m,p,e,d," ",o,v,e,r," ",t,h,e," ",l,a,z,y," ",d,o,g}
466 (1 row)
468 -- case insensitive
469 SELECT foo, length(foo) FROM regexp_split_to_table('thE QUick bROWn FOx jUMPed ovEr THE lazy dOG', 'e', 'i') AS foo;
470 foo | length
471 -----------------------+--------
472 th | 2
473 QUick bROWn FOx jUMP | 21
474 d ov | 4
475 r TH | 4
476 lazy dOG | 9
477 (5 rows)
479 SELECT regexp_split_to_array('thE QUick bROWn FOx jUMPed ovEr THE lazy dOG', 'e', 'i');
480 regexp_split_to_array
481 --------------------------------------------------------
482 {th," QUick bROWn FOx jUMP","d ov","r TH"," lazy dOG"}
483 (1 row)
485 -- no match of pattern
486 SELECT foo, length(foo) FROM regexp_split_to_table('the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog', 'nomatch') AS foo;
487 foo | length
488 ----------------------------------------------+--------
489 the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog | 44
490 (1 row)
492 SELECT regexp_split_to_array('the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog', 'nomatch');
493 regexp_split_to_array
494 --------------------------------------------------
495 {"the quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog"}
496 (1 row)
498 -- some corner cases
499 SELECT regexp_split_to_array('123456','1');
500 regexp_split_to_array
501 -----------------------
502 {"",23456}
503 (1 row)
505 SELECT regexp_split_to_array('123456','6');
506 regexp_split_to_array
507 -----------------------
508 {12345,""}
509 (1 row)
511 SELECT regexp_split_to_array('123456','.');
512 regexp_split_to_array
513 ------------------------
514 {"","","","","","",""}
515 (1 row)
517 -- errors
518 SELECT foo, length(foo) FROM regexp_split_to_table('thE QUick bROWn FOx jUMPed ovEr THE lazy dOG', 'e', 'zippy') AS foo;
519 ERROR: invalid regexp option: "z"
520 SELECT regexp_split_to_array('thE QUick bROWn FOx jUMPed ovEr THE lazy dOG', 'e', 'iz');
521 ERROR: invalid regexp option: "z"
522 -- global option meaningless for regexp_split
523 SELECT foo, length(foo) FROM regexp_split_to_table('thE QUick bROWn FOx jUMPed ovEr THE lazy dOG', 'e', 'g') AS foo;
524 ERROR: regexp_split does not support the global option
525 SELECT regexp_split_to_array('thE QUick bROWn FOx jUMPed ovEr THE lazy dOG', 'e', 'g');
526 ERROR: regexp_split does not support the global option
527 -- change NULL-display back
528 \pset null ''
529 -- E021-11 position expression
530 SELECT POSITION('4' IN '1234567890') = '4' AS "4";
531 4
532 ---
533 t
534 (1 row)
536 SELECT POSITION('5' IN '1234567890') = '5' AS "5";
537 5
538 ---
539 t
540 (1 row)
542 -- T312 character overlay function
543 SELECT OVERLAY('abcdef' PLACING '45' FROM 4) AS "abc45f";
544 abc45f
545 --------
546 abc45f
547 (1 row)
549 SELECT OVERLAY('yabadoo' PLACING 'daba' FROM 5) AS "yabadaba";
550 yabadaba
551 ----------
552 yabadaba
553 (1 row)
555 SELECT OVERLAY('yabadoo' PLACING 'daba' FROM 5 FOR 0) AS "yabadabadoo";
556 yabadabadoo
557 -------------
558 yabadabadoo
559 (1 row)
561 SELECT OVERLAY('babosa' PLACING 'ubb' FROM 2 FOR 4) AS "bubba";
562 bubba
563 -------
564 bubba
565 (1 row)
567 --
568 -- test LIKE
569 -- Be sure to form every test as a LIKE/NOT LIKE pair.
570 --
571 -- simplest examples
572 -- E061-04 like predicate
573 SELECT 'hawkeye' LIKE 'h%' AS "true";
574 true
575 ------
576 t
577 (1 row)
579 SELECT 'hawkeye' NOT LIKE 'h%' AS "false";
580 false
581 -------
582 f
583 (1 row)
585 SELECT 'hawkeye' LIKE 'H%' AS "false";
586 false
587 -------
588 f
589 (1 row)
591 SELECT 'hawkeye' NOT LIKE 'H%' AS "true";
592 true
593 ------
594 t
595 (1 row)
597 SELECT 'hawkeye' LIKE 'indio%' AS "false";
598 false
599 -------
600 f
601 (1 row)
603 SELECT 'hawkeye' NOT LIKE 'indio%' AS "true";
604 true
605 ------
606 t
607 (1 row)
609 SELECT 'hawkeye' LIKE 'h%eye' AS "true";
610 true
611 ------
612 t
613 (1 row)
615 SELECT 'hawkeye' NOT LIKE 'h%eye' AS "false";
616 false
617 -------
618 f
619 (1 row)
621 SELECT 'indio' LIKE '_ndio' AS "true";
622 true
623 ------
624 t
625 (1 row)
627 SELECT 'indio' NOT LIKE '_ndio' AS "false";
628 false
629 -------
630 f
631 (1 row)
633 SELECT 'indio' LIKE 'in__o' AS "true";
634 true
635 ------
636 t
637 (1 row)
639 SELECT 'indio' NOT LIKE 'in__o' AS "false";
640 false
641 -------
642 f
643 (1 row)
645 SELECT 'indio' LIKE 'in_o' AS "false";
646 false
647 -------
648 f
649 (1 row)
651 SELECT 'indio' NOT LIKE 'in_o' AS "true";
652 true
653 ------
654 t
655 (1 row)
657 -- unused escape character
658 SELECT 'hawkeye' LIKE 'h%' ESCAPE '#' AS "true";
659 true
660 ------
661 t
662 (1 row)
664 SELECT 'hawkeye' NOT LIKE 'h%' ESCAPE '#' AS "false";
665 false
666 -------
667 f
668 (1 row)
670 SELECT 'indio' LIKE 'ind_o' ESCAPE '$' AS "true";
671 true
672 ------
673 t
674 (1 row)
676 SELECT 'indio' NOT LIKE 'ind_o' ESCAPE '$' AS "false";
677 false
678 -------
679 f
680 (1 row)
682 -- escape character
683 -- E061-05 like predicate with escape clause
684 SELECT 'h%' LIKE 'h#%' ESCAPE '#' AS "true";
685 true
686 ------
687 t
688 (1 row)
690 SELECT 'h%' NOT LIKE 'h#%' ESCAPE '#' AS "false";
691 false
692 -------
693 f
694 (1 row)
696 SELECT 'h%wkeye' LIKE 'h#%' ESCAPE '#' AS "false";
697 false
698 -------
699 f
700 (1 row)
702 SELECT 'h%wkeye' NOT LIKE 'h#%' ESCAPE '#' AS "true";
703 true
704 ------
705 t
706 (1 row)
708 SELECT 'h%wkeye' LIKE 'h#%%' ESCAPE '#' AS "true";
709 true
710 ------
711 t
712 (1 row)
714 SELECT 'h%wkeye' NOT LIKE 'h#%%' ESCAPE '#' AS "false";
715 false
716 -------
717 f
718 (1 row)
720 SELECT 'h%awkeye' LIKE 'h#%a%k%e' ESCAPE '#' AS "true";
721 true
722 ------
723 t
724 (1 row)
726 SELECT 'h%awkeye' NOT LIKE 'h#%a%k%e' ESCAPE '#' AS "false";
727 false
728 -------
729 f
730 (1 row)
732 SELECT 'indio' LIKE '_ndio' ESCAPE '$' AS "true";
733 true
734 ------
735 t
736 (1 row)
738 SELECT 'indio' NOT LIKE '_ndio' ESCAPE '$' AS "false";
739 false
740 -------
741 f
742 (1 row)
744 SELECT 'i_dio' LIKE 'i$_d_o' ESCAPE '$' AS "true";
745 true
746 ------
747 t
748 (1 row)
750 SELECT 'i_dio' NOT LIKE 'i$_d_o' ESCAPE '$' AS "false";
751 false
752 -------
753 f
754 (1 row)
756 SELECT 'i_dio' LIKE 'i$_nd_o' ESCAPE '$' AS "false";
757 false
758 -------
759 f
760 (1 row)
762 SELECT 'i_dio' NOT LIKE 'i$_nd_o' ESCAPE '$' AS "true";
763 true
764 ------
765 t
766 (1 row)
768 SELECT 'i_dio' LIKE 'i$_d%o' ESCAPE '$' AS "true";
769 true
770 ------
771 t
772 (1 row)
774 SELECT 'i_dio' NOT LIKE 'i$_d%o' ESCAPE '$' AS "false";
775 false
776 -------
777 f
778 (1 row)
780 -- escape character same as pattern character
781 SELECT 'maca' LIKE 'm%aca' ESCAPE '%' AS "true";
782 true
783 ------
784 t
785 (1 row)
787 SELECT 'maca' NOT LIKE 'm%aca' ESCAPE '%' AS "false";
788 false
789 -------
790 f
791 (1 row)
793 SELECT 'ma%a' LIKE 'm%a%%a' ESCAPE '%' AS "true";
794 true
795 ------
796 t
797 (1 row)
799 SELECT 'ma%a' NOT LIKE 'm%a%%a' ESCAPE '%' AS "false";
800 false
801 -------
802 f
803 (1 row)
805 SELECT 'bear' LIKE 'b_ear' ESCAPE '_' AS "true";
806 true
807 ------
808 t
809 (1 row)
811 SELECT 'bear' NOT LIKE 'b_ear' ESCAPE '_' AS "false";
812 false
813 -------
814 f
815 (1 row)
817 SELECT 'be_r' LIKE 'b_e__r' ESCAPE '_' AS "true";
818 true
819 ------
820 t
821 (1 row)
823 SELECT 'be_r' NOT LIKE 'b_e__r' ESCAPE '_' AS "false";
824 false
825 -------
826 f
827 (1 row)
829 SELECT 'be_r' LIKE '__e__r' ESCAPE '_' AS "false";
830 false
831 -------
832 f
833 (1 row)
835 SELECT 'be_r' NOT LIKE '__e__r' ESCAPE '_' AS "true";
836 true
837 ------
838 t
839 (1 row)
841 --
842 -- test ILIKE (case-insensitive LIKE)
843 -- Be sure to form every test as an ILIKE/NOT ILIKE pair.
844 --
845 SELECT 'hawkeye' ILIKE 'h%' AS "true";
846 true
847 ------
848 t
849 (1 row)
851 SELECT 'hawkeye' NOT ILIKE 'h%' AS "false";
852 false
853 -------
854 f
855 (1 row)
857 SELECT 'hawkeye' ILIKE 'H%' AS "true";
858 true
859 ------
860 t
861 (1 row)
863 SELECT 'hawkeye' NOT ILIKE 'H%' AS "false";
864 false
865 -------
866 f
867 (1 row)
869 SELECT 'hawkeye' ILIKE 'H%Eye' AS "true";
870 true
871 ------
872 t
873 (1 row)
875 SELECT 'hawkeye' NOT ILIKE 'H%Eye' AS "false";
876 false
877 -------
878 f
879 (1 row)
881 SELECT 'Hawkeye' ILIKE 'h%' AS "true";
882 true
883 ------
884 t
885 (1 row)
887 SELECT 'Hawkeye' NOT ILIKE 'h%' AS "false";
888 false
889 -------
890 f
891 (1 row)
893 --
894 -- test implicit type conversion
895 --
896 -- E021-07 character concatenation
897 SELECT 'unknown' || ' and unknown' AS "Concat unknown types";
898 Concat unknown types
899 ----------------------
900 unknown and unknown
901 (1 row)
903 SELECT text 'text' || ' and unknown' AS "Concat text to unknown type";
904 Concat text to unknown type
905 -----------------------------
906 text and unknown
907 (1 row)
909 SELECT char(20) 'characters' || ' and text' AS "Concat char to unknown type";
910 Concat char to unknown type
911 -----------------------------
912 characters and text
913 (1 row)
915 SELECT text 'text' || char(20) ' and characters' AS "Concat text to char";
916 Concat text to char
917 ---------------------
918 text and characters
919 (1 row)
921 SELECT text 'text' || varchar ' and varchar' AS "Concat text to varchar";
922 Concat text to varchar
923 ------------------------
924 text and varchar
925 (1 row)
927 --
928 -- test substr with toasted text values
929 --
930 CREATE TABLE toasttest(f1 text);
931 insert into toasttest values(repeat('1234567890',10000));
932 insert into toasttest values(repeat('1234567890',10000));
933 --
934 -- Ensure that some values are uncompressed, to test the faster substring
935 -- operation used in that case
936 --
937 alter table toasttest alter column f1 set storage external;
938 insert into toasttest values(repeat('1234567890',10000));
939 insert into toasttest values(repeat('1234567890',10000));
940 -- If the starting position is zero or less, then return from the start of the string
941 -- adjusting the length to be consistent with the "negative start" per SQL92.
942 SELECT substr(f1, -1, 5) from toasttest;
943 substr
944 --------
945 123
946 123
947 123
948 123
949 (4 rows)
951 -- If the length is less than zero, an ERROR is thrown.
952 SELECT substr(f1, 5, -1) from toasttest;
953 ERROR: negative substring length not allowed
954 -- If no third argument (length) is provided, the length to the end of the
955 -- string is assumed.
956 SELECT substr(f1, 99995) from toasttest;
957 substr
958 --------
959 567890
960 567890
961 567890
962 567890
963 (4 rows)
965 -- If start plus length is > string length, the result is truncated to
966 -- string length
967 SELECT substr(f1, 99995, 10) from toasttest;
968 substr
969 --------
970 567890
971 567890
972 567890
973 567890
974 (4 rows)
976 DROP TABLE toasttest;
977 --
978 -- test substr with toasted bytea values
979 --
980 CREATE TABLE toasttest(f1 bytea);
981 insert into toasttest values(decode(repeat('1234567890',10000),'escape'));
982 insert into toasttest values(decode(repeat('1234567890',10000),'escape'));
983 --
984 -- Ensure that some values are uncompressed, to test the faster substring
985 -- operation used in that case
986 --
987 alter table toasttest alter column f1 set storage external;
988 insert into toasttest values(decode(repeat('1234567890',10000),'escape'));
989 insert into toasttest values(decode(repeat('1234567890',10000),'escape'));
990 -- If the starting position is zero or less, then return from the start of the string
991 -- adjusting the length to be consistent with the "negative start" per SQL92.
992 SELECT substr(f1, -1, 5) from toasttest;
993 substr
994 --------
995 123
996 123
997 123
998 123
999 (4 rows)
1001 -- If the length is less than zero, an ERROR is thrown.
1002 SELECT substr(f1, 5, -1) from toasttest;
1003 ERROR: negative substring length not allowed
1004 -- If no third argument (length) is provided, the length to the end of the
1005 -- string is assumed.
1006 SELECT substr(f1, 99995) from toasttest;
1007 substr
1008 --------
1009 567890
1010 567890
1011 567890
1012 567890
1013 (4 rows)
1015 -- If start plus length is > string length, the result is truncated to
1016 -- string length
1017 SELECT substr(f1, 99995, 10) from toasttest;
1018 substr
1019 --------
1020 567890
1021 567890
1022 567890
1023 567890
1024 (4 rows)
1026 DROP TABLE toasttest;
1027 -- test internally compressing datums
1028 -- this tests compressing a datum to a very small size which exercises a
1029 -- corner case in packed-varlena handling: even though small, the compressed
1030 -- datum must be given a 4-byte header because there are no bits to indicate
1031 -- compression in a 1-byte header
1032 CREATE TABLE toasttest (c char(4096));
1033 INSERT INTO toasttest VALUES('x');
1034 SELECT length(c), c::text FROM toasttest;
1035 length | c
1036 --------+---
1037 1 | x
1038 (1 row)
1040 SELECT c FROM toasttest;
1041 c
1042 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1043 x
1044 (1 row)
1046 DROP TABLE toasttest;
1047 --
1048 -- test length
1049 --
1050 SELECT length('abcdef') AS "length_6";
1051 length_6
1052 ----------
1053 6
1054 (1 row)
1056 --
1057 -- test strpos
1058 --
1059 SELECT strpos('abcdef', 'cd') AS "pos_3";
1060 pos_3
1061 -------
1062 3
1063 (1 row)
1065 SELECT strpos('abcdef', 'xy') AS "pos_0";
1066 pos_0
1067 -------
1068 0
1069 (1 row)
1071 --
1072 -- test replace
1073 --
1074 SELECT replace('abcdef', 'de', '45') AS "abc45f";
1075 abc45f
1076 --------
1077 abc45f
1078 (1 row)
1080 SELECT replace('yabadabadoo', 'ba', '123') AS "ya123da123doo";
1081 ya123da123doo
1082 ---------------
1083 ya123da123doo
1084 (1 row)
1086 SELECT replace('yabadoo', 'bad', '') AS "yaoo";
1087 yaoo
1088 ------
1089 yaoo
1090 (1 row)
1092 --
1093 -- test split_part
1094 --
1095 select split_part('joeuser@mydatabase','@',0) AS "an error";
1096 ERROR: field position must be greater than zero
1097 select split_part('joeuser@mydatabase','@',1) AS "joeuser";
1098 joeuser
1099 ---------
1100 joeuser
1101 (1 row)
1103 select split_part('joeuser@mydatabase','@',2) AS "mydatabase";
1104 mydatabase
1105 ------------
1106 mydatabase
1107 (1 row)
1109 select split_part('joeuser@mydatabase','@',3) AS "empty string";
1110 empty string
1111 --------------
1113 (1 row)
1115 select split_part('@joeuser@mydatabase@','@',2) AS "joeuser";
1116 joeuser
1117 ---------
1118 joeuser
1119 (1 row)
1121 --
1122 -- test to_hex
1123 --
1124 select to_hex(256*256*256 - 1) AS "ffffff";
1125 ffffff
1126 --------
1127 ffffff
1128 (1 row)
1130 select to_hex(256::bigint*256::bigint*256::bigint*256::bigint - 1) AS "ffffffff";
1131 ffffffff
1132 ----------
1133 ffffffff
1134 (1 row)
1136 --
1137 -- MD5 test suite - from IETF RFC 1321
1138 -- (see: ftp://ftp.rfc-editor.org/in-notes/rfc1321.txt)
1139 --
1140 select md5('') = 'd41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e' AS "TRUE";
1141 TRUE
1142 ------
1143 t
1144 (1 row)
1146 select md5('a') = '0cc175b9c0f1b6a831c399e269772661' AS "TRUE";
1147 TRUE
1148 ------
1149 t
1150 (1 row)
1152 select md5('abc') = '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72' AS "TRUE";
1153 TRUE
1154 ------
1155 t
1156 (1 row)
1158 select md5('message digest') = 'f96b697d7cb7938d525a2f31aaf161d0' AS "TRUE";
1159 TRUE
1160 ------
1161 t
1162 (1 row)
1164 select md5('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz') = 'c3fcd3d76192e4007dfb496cca67e13b' AS "TRUE";
1165 TRUE
1166 ------
1167 t
1168 (1 row)
1170 select md5('ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789') = 'd174ab98d277d9f5a5611c2c9f419d9f' AS "TRUE";
1171 TRUE
1172 ------
1173 t
1174 (1 row)
1176 select md5('12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890') = '57edf4a22be3c955ac49da2e2107b67a' AS "TRUE";
1177 TRUE
1178 ------
1179 t
1180 (1 row)
1182 select md5(''::bytea) = 'd41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e' AS "TRUE";
1183 TRUE
1184 ------
1185 t
1186 (1 row)
1188 select md5('a'::bytea) = '0cc175b9c0f1b6a831c399e269772661' AS "TRUE";
1189 TRUE
1190 ------
1191 t
1192 (1 row)
1194 select md5('abc'::bytea) = '900150983cd24fb0d6963f7d28e17f72' AS "TRUE";
1195 TRUE
1196 ------
1197 t
1198 (1 row)
1200 select md5('message digest'::bytea) = 'f96b697d7cb7938d525a2f31aaf161d0' AS "TRUE";
1201 TRUE
1202 ------
1203 t
1204 (1 row)
1206 select md5('abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'::bytea) = 'c3fcd3d76192e4007dfb496cca67e13b' AS "TRUE";
1207 TRUE
1208 ------
1209 t
1210 (1 row)
1212 select md5('ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789'::bytea) = 'd174ab98d277d9f5a5611c2c9f419d9f' AS "TRUE";
1213 TRUE
1214 ------
1215 t
1216 (1 row)
1218 select md5('12345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890'::bytea) = '57edf4a22be3c955ac49da2e2107b67a' AS "TRUE";
1219 TRUE
1220 ------
1221 t
1222 (1 row)
1224 --
1225 -- test behavior of escape_string_warning and standard_conforming_strings options
1226 --
1227 set escape_string_warning = off;
1228 set standard_conforming_strings = off;
1229 show escape_string_warning;
1230 escape_string_warning
1231 -----------------------
1232 off
1233 (1 row)
1235 show standard_conforming_strings;
1236 standard_conforming_strings
1237 -----------------------------
1238 off
1239 (1 row)
1241 set escape_string_warning = on;
1242 set standard_conforming_strings = on;
1243 show escape_string_warning;
1244 escape_string_warning
1245 -----------------------
1246 on
1247 (1 row)
1249 show standard_conforming_strings;
1250 standard_conforming_strings
1251 -----------------------------
1252 on
1253 (1 row)
1255 select 'a\bcd' as f1, 'a\b''cd' as f2, 'a\b''''cd' as f3, 'abcd\' as f4, 'ab\''cd' as f5, '\\' as f6;
1256 f1 | f2 | f3 | f4 | f5 | f6
1257 -------+--------+---------+-------+--------+----
1258 a\bcd | a\b'cd | a\b''cd | abcd\ | ab\'cd | \\
1259 (1 row)
1261 set standard_conforming_strings = off;
1262 select 'a\\bcd' as f1, 'a\\b\'cd' as f2, 'a\\b\'''cd' as f3, 'abcd\\' as f4, 'ab\\\'cd' as f5, '\\\\' as f6;
1263 WARNING: nonstandard use of \\ in a string literal
1264 LINE 1: select 'a\\bcd' as f1, 'a\\b\'cd' as f2, 'a\\b\'''cd' as f3,...
1265 ^
1266 HINT: Use the escape string syntax for backslashes, e.g., E'\\'.
1267 WARNING: nonstandard use of \\ in a string literal
1268 LINE 1: select 'a\\bcd' as f1, 'a\\b\'cd' as f2, 'a\\b\'''cd' as f3,...
1269 ^
1270 HINT: Use the escape string syntax for backslashes, e.g., E'\\'.
1271 WARNING: nonstandard use of \\ in a string literal
1272 LINE 1: select 'a\\bcd' as f1, 'a\\b\'cd' as f2, 'a\\b\'''cd' as f3,...
1273 ^
1274 HINT: Use the escape string syntax for backslashes, e.g., E'\\'.
1275 WARNING: nonstandard use of \\ in a string literal
1276 LINE 1: ...bcd' as f1, 'a\\b\'cd' as f2, 'a\\b\'''cd' as f3, 'abcd\\' ...
1277 ^
1278 HINT: Use the escape string syntax for backslashes, e.g., E'\\'.
1279 WARNING: nonstandard use of \\ in a string literal
1280 LINE 1: ...'cd' as f2, 'a\\b\'''cd' as f3, 'abcd\\' as f4, 'ab\\\'cd'...
1281 ^
1282 HINT: Use the escape string syntax for backslashes, e.g., E'\\'.
1283 WARNING: nonstandard use of \\ in a string literal
1284 LINE 1: ...'''cd' as f3, 'abcd\\' as f4, 'ab\\\'cd' as f5, '\\\\' as ...
1285 ^
1286 HINT: Use the escape string syntax for backslashes, e.g., E'\\'.
1287 f1 | f2 | f3 | f4 | f5 | f6
1288 -------+--------+---------+-------+--------+----
1289 a\bcd | a\b'cd | a\b''cd | abcd\ | ab\'cd | \\
1290 (1 row)
1292 set escape_string_warning = off;
1293 set standard_conforming_strings = on;
1294 select 'a\bcd' as f1, 'a\b''cd' as f2, 'a\b''''cd' as f3, 'abcd\' as f4, 'ab\''cd' as f5, '\\' as f6;
1295 f1 | f2 | f3 | f4 | f5 | f6
1296 -------+--------+---------+-------+--------+----
1297 a\bcd | a\b'cd | a\b''cd | abcd\ | ab\'cd | \\
1298 (1 row)
1300 set standard_conforming_strings = off;
1301 select 'a\\bcd' as f1, 'a\\b\'cd' as f2, 'a\\b\'''cd' as f3, 'abcd\\' as f4, 'ab\\\'cd' as f5, '\\\\' as f6;
1302 f1 | f2 | f3 | f4 | f5 | f6
1303 -------+--------+---------+-------+--------+----
1304 a\bcd | a\b'cd | a\b''cd | abcd\ | ab\'cd | \\
1305 (1 row)
1307 --
1308 -- Additional string functions
1309 --
1310 SELECT initcap('hi THOMAS');
1311 initcap
1312 -----------
1313 Hi Thomas
1314 (1 row)
1316 SELECT lpad('hi', 5, 'xy');
1317 lpad
1318 -------
1319 xyxhi
1320 (1 row)
1322 SELECT lpad('hi', 5);
1323 lpad
1324 -------
1325 hi
1326 (1 row)
1328 SELECT lpad('hi', -5, 'xy');
1329 lpad
1330 ------
1332 (1 row)
1334 SELECT lpad('hello', 2);
1335 lpad
1336 ------
1337 he
1338 (1 row)
1340 SELECT lpad('hi', 5, '');
1341 lpad
1342 ------
1343 hi
1344 (1 row)
1346 SELECT rpad('hi', 5, 'xy');
1347 rpad
1348 -------
1349 hixyx
1350 (1 row)
1352 SELECT rpad('hi', 5);
1353 rpad
1354 -------
1355 hi
1356 (1 row)
1358 SELECT rpad('hi', -5, 'xy');
1359 rpad
1360 ------
1362 (1 row)
1364 SELECT rpad('hello', 2);
1365 rpad
1366 ------
1367 he
1368 (1 row)
1370 SELECT rpad('hi', 5, '');
1371 rpad
1372 ------
1373 hi
1374 (1 row)
1376 SELECT ltrim('zzzytrim', 'xyz');
1377 ltrim
1378 -------
1379 trim
1380 (1 row)
1382 SELECT translate('', '14', 'ax');
1383 translate
1384 -----------
1386 (1 row)
1388 SELECT translate('12345', '14', 'ax');
1389 translate
1390 -----------
1391 a23x5
1392 (1 row)
1394 SELECT ascii('x');
1395 ascii
1396 -------
1397 120
1398 (1 row)
1400 SELECT ascii('');
1401 ascii
1402 -------
1403 0
1404 (1 row)
1406 SELECT chr(65);
1407 chr
1408 -----
1409 A
1410 (1 row)
1412 SELECT chr(0);
1413 ERROR: null character not permitted
1414 SELECT repeat('Pg', 4);
1415 repeat
1416 ----------
1417 PgPgPgPg
1418 (1 row)
1420 SELECT repeat('Pg', -4);
1421 repeat
1422 --------
1424 (1 row)
1426 SELECT trim(E'\\000'::bytea from E'\\000Tom\\000'::bytea);
1427 btrim
1428 -------
1429 Tom
1430 (1 row)
1432 SELECT btrim(E'\\000trim\\000'::bytea, E'\\000'::bytea);
1433 btrim
1434 -------
1435 trim
1436 (1 row)
1438 SELECT btrim(''::bytea, E'\\000'::bytea);
1439 btrim
1440 -------
1442 (1 row)
1444 SELECT btrim(E'\\000trim\\000'::bytea, ''::bytea);
1445 btrim
1446 --------------
1447 \000trim\000
1448 (1 row)