Support TI mode and soft float on PA64
[official-gcc.git] / gcc / coverage.c
blob4467f1eaa5ce7ec42203dd37254478a839ef738a
1 /* Read and write coverage files, and associated functionality.
2 Copyright (C) 1990-2021 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
3 Contributed by James E. Wilson, UC Berkeley/Cygnus Support;
4 based on some ideas from Dain Samples of UC Berkeley.
5 Further mangling by Bob Manson, Cygnus Support.
6 Further mangled by Nathan Sidwell, CodeSourcery
8 This file is part of GCC.
10 GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
11 the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
12 Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option) any later
13 version.
15 GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
16 WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
17 FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
18 for more details.
20 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
21 along with GCC; see the file COPYING3. If not see
22 <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
25 #define GCOV_LINKAGE
27 #include "config.h"
28 #include "system.h"
29 #include "coretypes.h"
30 #include "backend.h"
31 #include "target.h"
32 #include "rtl.h"
33 #include "tree.h"
34 #include "tree-pass.h"
35 #include "memmodel.h"
36 #include "tm_p.h"
37 #include "stringpool.h"
38 #include "cgraph.h"
39 #include "coverage.h"
40 #include "diagnostic-core.h"
41 #include "fold-const.h"
42 #include "stor-layout.h"
43 #include "output.h"
44 #include "toplev.h"
45 #include "langhooks.h"
46 #include "tree-iterator.h"
47 #include "context.h"
48 #include "pass_manager.h"
49 #include "intl.h"
50 #include "auto-profile.h"
51 #include "profile.h"
52 #include "diagnostic.h"
53 #include "varasm.h"
55 #include "gcov-io.c"
57 struct GTY((chain_next ("%h.next"))) coverage_data
59 struct coverage_data *next; /* next function */
60 unsigned ident; /* function ident */
61 unsigned lineno_checksum; /* function lineno checksum */
62 unsigned cfg_checksum; /* function cfg checksum */
63 tree fn_decl; /* the function decl */
64 tree ctr_vars[GCOV_COUNTERS]; /* counter variables. */
67 /* Counts information for a function. */
68 struct counts_entry : pointer_hash <counts_entry>
70 /* We hash by */
71 unsigned ident;
72 unsigned ctr;
74 /* Store */
75 unsigned lineno_checksum;
76 unsigned cfg_checksum;
77 gcov_type *counts;
78 unsigned n_counts;
80 /* hash_table support. */
81 static inline hashval_t hash (const counts_entry *);
82 static int equal (const counts_entry *, const counts_entry *);
83 static void remove (counts_entry *);
86 static GTY(()) struct coverage_data *functions_head = 0;
87 static struct coverage_data **functions_tail = &functions_head;
88 static unsigned no_coverage = 0;
90 /* Cumulative counter information for whole program. */
91 static unsigned prg_ctr_mask; /* Mask of counter types generated. */
93 /* Counter information for current function. */
94 static unsigned fn_ctr_mask; /* Mask of counters used. */
95 static GTY(()) tree fn_v_ctrs[GCOV_COUNTERS]; /* counter variables. */
96 static unsigned fn_n_ctrs[GCOV_COUNTERS]; /* Counters allocated. */
97 static unsigned fn_b_ctrs[GCOV_COUNTERS]; /* Allocation base. */
99 /* Coverage info VAR_DECL and function info type nodes. */
100 static GTY(()) tree gcov_info_var;
101 static GTY(()) tree gcov_fn_info_type;
102 static GTY(()) tree gcov_fn_info_ptr_type;
104 /* Name of the notes (gcno) output file. The "bbg" prefix is for
105 historical reasons, when the notes file contained only the
106 basic block graph notes.
107 If this is NULL we're not writing to the notes file. */
108 static char *bbg_file_name;
110 /* File stamp for notes file. */
111 static unsigned bbg_file_stamp;
113 /* Name of the count data (gcda) file. */
114 static char *da_file_name;
116 /* The names of merge functions for counters. */
117 #define STR(str) #str
118 #define DEF_GCOV_COUNTER(COUNTER, NAME, FN_TYPE) STR(__gcov_merge ## FN_TYPE),
119 static const char *const ctr_merge_functions[GCOV_COUNTERS] = {
120 #include "gcov-counter.def"
122 #undef DEF_GCOV_COUNTER
123 #undef STR
125 #define DEF_GCOV_COUNTER(COUNTER, NAME, FN_TYPE) NAME,
126 static const char *const ctr_names[GCOV_COUNTERS] = {
127 #include "gcov-counter.def"
129 #undef DEF_GCOV_COUNTER
131 /* Forward declarations. */
132 static tree build_var (tree, tree, int);
134 /* Return the type node for gcov_type. */
136 tree
137 get_gcov_type (void)
139 scalar_int_mode mode
140 = smallest_int_mode_for_size (targetm.gcov_type_size ());
141 return lang_hooks.types.type_for_mode (mode, false);
144 /* Return the type node for gcov_unsigned_t. */
146 static tree
147 get_gcov_unsigned_t (void)
149 scalar_int_mode mode = smallest_int_mode_for_size (32);
150 return lang_hooks.types.type_for_mode (mode, true);
153 inline hashval_t
154 counts_entry::hash (const counts_entry *entry)
156 return entry->ident * GCOV_COUNTERS + entry->ctr;
159 inline int
160 counts_entry::equal (const counts_entry *entry1, const counts_entry *entry2)
162 return entry1->ident == entry2->ident && entry1->ctr == entry2->ctr;
165 inline void
166 counts_entry::remove (counts_entry *entry)
168 free (entry->counts);
169 free (entry);
172 /* Hash table of count data. */
173 static hash_table<counts_entry> *counts_hash;
175 /* Read in the counts file, if available. */
177 static void
178 read_counts_file (void)
180 gcov_unsigned_t fn_ident = 0;
181 gcov_unsigned_t tag;
182 int is_error = 0;
183 unsigned lineno_checksum = 0;
184 unsigned cfg_checksum = 0;
186 if (!gcov_open (da_file_name, 1))
187 return;
189 if (!gcov_magic (gcov_read_unsigned (), GCOV_DATA_MAGIC))
191 warning (0, "%qs is not a gcov data file", da_file_name);
192 gcov_close ();
193 return;
195 else if ((tag = gcov_read_unsigned ()) != GCOV_VERSION)
197 char v[4], e[4];
199 GCOV_UNSIGNED2STRING (v, tag);
200 GCOV_UNSIGNED2STRING (e, GCOV_VERSION);
202 warning (0, "%qs is version %q.*s, expected version %q.*s",
203 da_file_name, 4, v, 4, e);
204 gcov_close ();
205 return;
208 /* Read the stamp, used for creating a generation count. */
209 tag = gcov_read_unsigned ();
210 bbg_file_stamp = crc32_unsigned (bbg_file_stamp, tag);
212 /* Read checksum. */
213 gcov_read_unsigned ();
215 counts_hash = new hash_table<counts_entry> (10);
216 while ((tag = gcov_read_unsigned ()))
218 gcov_unsigned_t length;
219 gcov_position_t offset;
221 length = gcov_read_unsigned ();
222 offset = gcov_position ();
223 if (tag == GCOV_TAG_FUNCTION)
225 if (length)
227 fn_ident = gcov_read_unsigned ();
228 lineno_checksum = gcov_read_unsigned ();
229 cfg_checksum = gcov_read_unsigned ();
231 else
232 fn_ident = lineno_checksum = cfg_checksum = 0;
234 else if (tag == GCOV_TAG_OBJECT_SUMMARY)
236 profile_info = XCNEW (gcov_summary);
237 profile_info->runs = gcov_read_unsigned ();
238 profile_info->sum_max = gcov_read_unsigned ();
240 else if (GCOV_TAG_IS_COUNTER (tag) && fn_ident)
242 counts_entry **slot, *entry, elt;
243 int read_length = (int)length;
244 length = read_length > 0 ? read_length : 0;
245 unsigned n_counts = GCOV_TAG_COUNTER_NUM (abs (read_length));
246 unsigned ix;
248 elt.ident = fn_ident;
249 elt.ctr = GCOV_COUNTER_FOR_TAG (tag);
251 slot = counts_hash->find_slot (&elt, INSERT);
252 entry = *slot;
253 if (!entry)
255 *slot = entry = XCNEW (counts_entry);
256 entry->ident = fn_ident;
257 entry->ctr = elt.ctr;
258 entry->lineno_checksum = lineno_checksum;
259 entry->cfg_checksum = cfg_checksum;
260 entry->counts = XCNEWVEC (gcov_type, n_counts);
261 entry->n_counts = n_counts;
263 else if (entry->lineno_checksum != lineno_checksum
264 || entry->cfg_checksum != cfg_checksum)
266 error ("profile data for function %u is corrupted", fn_ident);
267 error ("checksum is (%x,%x) instead of (%x,%x)",
268 entry->lineno_checksum, entry->cfg_checksum,
269 lineno_checksum, cfg_checksum);
270 delete counts_hash;
271 counts_hash = NULL;
272 break;
274 if (read_length > 0)
275 for (ix = 0; ix != n_counts; ix++)
276 entry->counts[ix] = gcov_read_counter ();
278 gcov_sync (offset, length);
279 if ((is_error = gcov_is_error ()))
281 error (is_error < 0
282 ? G_("%qs has overflowed")
283 : G_("%qs is corrupted"),
284 da_file_name);
285 delete counts_hash;
286 counts_hash = NULL;
287 break;
291 gcov_close ();
294 /* Returns the counters for a particular tag. */
296 gcov_type *
297 get_coverage_counts (unsigned counter, unsigned cfg_checksum,
298 unsigned lineno_checksum, unsigned int n_counts)
300 counts_entry *entry, elt;
302 /* No hash table, no counts. */
303 if (!counts_hash)
305 static int warned = 0;
307 if (!warned++)
309 warning (OPT_Wmissing_profile,
310 "%qs profile count data file not found",
311 da_file_name);
312 if (dump_enabled_p ())
314 dump_user_location_t loc
315 = dump_user_location_t::from_location_t (input_location);
316 dump_printf_loc (MSG_MISSED_OPTIMIZATION, loc,
317 "file %s not found, %s\n", da_file_name,
318 (flag_guess_branch_prob
319 ? "execution counts estimated"
320 : "execution counts assumed to be zero"));
323 return NULL;
325 if (param_profile_func_internal_id)
326 elt.ident = current_function_funcdef_no + 1;
327 else
329 gcc_assert (coverage_node_map_initialized_p ());
330 elt.ident = cgraph_node::get (current_function_decl)->profile_id;
332 elt.ctr = counter;
333 entry = counts_hash->find (&elt);
334 if (!entry)
336 if (counter == GCOV_COUNTER_ARCS)
337 warning_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (current_function_decl),
338 OPT_Wmissing_profile,
339 "profile for function %qD not found in profile data",
340 current_function_decl);
341 /* The function was not emitted, or is weak and not chosen in the
342 final executable. Silently fail, because there's nothing we
343 can do about it. */
344 return NULL;
347 if (entry->cfg_checksum != cfg_checksum
348 || (counter != GCOV_COUNTER_V_INDIR
349 && counter != GCOV_COUNTER_V_TOPN
350 && entry->n_counts != n_counts))
352 static int warned = 0;
353 bool warning_printed = false;
355 if (entry->n_counts != n_counts)
356 warning_printed =
357 warning_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (current_function_decl),
358 OPT_Wcoverage_mismatch,
359 "number of counters in profile data for function %qD "
360 "does not match "
361 "its profile data (counter %qs, expected %i and have %i)",
362 current_function_decl,
363 ctr_names[counter], entry->n_counts, n_counts);
364 else
365 warning_printed =
366 warning_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (current_function_decl),
367 OPT_Wcoverage_mismatch,
368 "the control flow of function %qD does not match "
369 "its profile data (counter %qs)", current_function_decl,
370 ctr_names[counter]);
371 if (warning_printed && dump_enabled_p ())
373 dump_user_location_t loc
374 = dump_user_location_t::from_function_decl (current_function_decl);
375 dump_printf_loc (MSG_MISSED_OPTIMIZATION, loc,
376 "use -Wno-error=coverage-mismatch to tolerate "
377 "the mismatch but performance may drop if the "
378 "function is hot\n");
380 if (!seen_error ()
381 && !warned++)
383 dump_printf_loc (MSG_MISSED_OPTIMIZATION, loc,
384 "coverage mismatch ignored\n");
385 dump_printf (MSG_MISSED_OPTIMIZATION,
386 flag_guess_branch_prob
387 ? G_("execution counts estimated\n")
388 : G_("execution counts assumed to be zero\n"));
389 if (!flag_guess_branch_prob)
390 dump_printf (MSG_MISSED_OPTIMIZATION,
391 "this can result in poorly optimized code\n");
395 return NULL;
397 else if (entry->lineno_checksum != lineno_checksum)
399 warning_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (current_function_decl),
400 OPT_Wcoverage_mismatch,
401 "source locations for function %qD have changed,"
402 " the profile data may be out of date",
403 current_function_decl);
406 return entry->counts;
409 /* Allocate NUM counters of type COUNTER. Returns nonzero if the
410 allocation succeeded. */
413 coverage_counter_alloc (unsigned counter, unsigned num)
415 if (no_coverage)
416 return 0;
418 if (!num)
419 return 1;
421 if (!fn_v_ctrs[counter])
423 tree array_type = build_array_type (get_gcov_type (), NULL_TREE);
425 fn_v_ctrs[counter]
426 = build_var (current_function_decl, array_type, counter);
429 fn_b_ctrs[counter] = fn_n_ctrs[counter];
430 fn_n_ctrs[counter] += num;
432 fn_ctr_mask |= 1 << counter;
433 return 1;
436 /* Generate a tree to access COUNTER NO. */
438 tree
439 tree_coverage_counter_ref (unsigned counter, unsigned no)
441 tree gcov_type_node = get_gcov_type ();
443 gcc_assert (no < fn_n_ctrs[counter] - fn_b_ctrs[counter]);
445 no += fn_b_ctrs[counter];
447 /* "no" here is an array index, scaled to bytes later. */
448 return build4 (ARRAY_REF, gcov_type_node, fn_v_ctrs[counter],
449 build_int_cst (integer_type_node, no), NULL, NULL);
452 /* Generate a tree to access the address of COUNTER NO. */
454 tree
455 tree_coverage_counter_addr (unsigned counter, unsigned no)
457 tree gcov_type_node = get_gcov_type ();
459 gcc_assert (no < fn_n_ctrs[counter] - fn_b_ctrs[counter]);
460 no += fn_b_ctrs[counter];
462 /* "no" here is an array index, scaled to bytes later. */
463 return build_fold_addr_expr (build4 (ARRAY_REF, gcov_type_node,
464 fn_v_ctrs[counter],
465 build_int_cst (integer_type_node, no),
466 NULL, NULL));
470 /* Generate a checksum for a string. CHKSUM is the current
471 checksum. */
473 static unsigned
474 coverage_checksum_string (unsigned chksum, const char *string)
476 int i;
477 char *dup = NULL;
479 /* Look for everything that looks if it were produced by
480 get_file_function_name and zero out the second part
481 that may result from flag_random_seed. This is not critical
482 as the checksums are used only for sanity checking. */
483 for (i = 0; string[i]; i++)
485 int offset = 0;
486 if (startswith (string + i, "_GLOBAL__N_"))
487 offset = 11;
488 if (startswith (string + i, "_GLOBAL__"))
489 offset = 9;
491 /* C++ namespaces do have scheme:
492 _GLOBAL__N_<filename>_<wrongmagicnumber>_<magicnumber>functionname
493 since filename might contain extra underscores there seems
494 to be no better chance then walk all possible offsets looking
495 for magicnumber. */
496 if (offset)
498 for (i = i + offset; string[i]; i++)
499 if (string[i]=='_')
501 int y;
503 for (y = 1; y < 9; y++)
504 if (!(string[i + y] >= '0' && string[i + y] <= '9')
505 && !(string[i + y] >= 'A' && string[i + y] <= 'F'))
506 break;
507 if (y != 9 || string[i + 9] != '_')
508 continue;
509 for (y = 10; y < 18; y++)
510 if (!(string[i + y] >= '0' && string[i + y] <= '9')
511 && !(string[i + y] >= 'A' && string[i + y] <= 'F'))
512 break;
513 if (y != 18)
514 continue;
515 if (!dup)
516 string = dup = xstrdup (string);
517 for (y = 10; y < 18; y++)
518 dup[i + y] = '0';
520 break;
524 chksum = crc32_string (chksum, string);
525 free (dup);
527 return chksum;
530 /* Compute checksum for the current function. We generate a CRC32. */
532 unsigned
533 coverage_compute_lineno_checksum (void)
535 expanded_location xloc
536 = expand_location (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (current_function_decl));
537 unsigned chksum = xloc.line;
539 if (xloc.file)
540 chksum = coverage_checksum_string (chksum, xloc.file);
541 chksum = coverage_checksum_string
542 (chksum, IDENTIFIER_POINTER (DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (current_function_decl)));
544 return chksum;
547 /* Compute profile ID. This is better to be unique in whole program. */
549 unsigned
550 coverage_compute_profile_id (struct cgraph_node *n)
552 unsigned chksum;
554 /* Externally visible symbols have unique name. */
555 if (TREE_PUBLIC (n->decl) || DECL_EXTERNAL (n->decl) || n->unique_name)
557 chksum = coverage_checksum_string
558 (0, IDENTIFIER_POINTER (DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (n->decl)));
560 else
562 expanded_location xloc
563 = expand_location (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (n->decl));
564 bool use_name_only = (param_profile_func_internal_id == 0);
566 chksum = (use_name_only ? 0 : xloc.line);
567 if (xloc.file)
568 chksum = coverage_checksum_string (chksum, xloc.file);
569 chksum = coverage_checksum_string
570 (chksum, IDENTIFIER_POINTER (DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (n->decl)));
571 if (!use_name_only && first_global_object_name)
572 chksum = coverage_checksum_string
573 (chksum, first_global_object_name);
574 chksum = coverage_checksum_string
575 (chksum, aux_base_name);
578 /* Non-negative integers are hopefully small enough to fit in all targets.
579 Gcov file formats wants non-zero function IDs. */
580 chksum = chksum & 0x7fffffff;
581 return chksum + (!chksum);
584 /* Compute cfg checksum for the function FN given as argument.
585 The checksum is calculated carefully so that
586 source code changes that doesn't affect the control flow graph
587 won't change the checksum.
588 This is to make the profile data useable across source code change.
589 The downside of this is that the compiler may use potentially
590 wrong profile data - that the source code change has non-trivial impact
591 on the validity of profile data (e.g. the reversed condition)
592 but the compiler won't detect the change and use the wrong profile data. */
594 unsigned
595 coverage_compute_cfg_checksum (struct function *fn)
597 basic_block bb;
598 unsigned chksum = n_basic_blocks_for_fn (fn);
600 FOR_EACH_BB_FN (bb, fn)
602 edge e;
603 edge_iterator ei;
604 chksum = crc32_byte (chksum, bb->index);
605 FOR_EACH_EDGE (e, ei, bb->succs)
607 chksum = crc32_byte (chksum, e->dest->index);
611 return chksum;
614 /* Begin output to the notes file for the current function.
615 Writes the function header. Returns nonzero if data should be output. */
618 coverage_begin_function (unsigned lineno_checksum, unsigned cfg_checksum)
620 /* We don't need to output .gcno file unless we're under -ftest-coverage
621 (e.g. -fprofile-arcs/generate/use don't need .gcno to work). */
622 if (no_coverage || !bbg_file_name)
623 return 0;
625 expanded_location startloc
626 = expand_location (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (current_function_decl));
628 /* Announce function */
629 unsigned long offset = gcov_write_tag (GCOV_TAG_FUNCTION);
630 if (param_profile_func_internal_id)
631 gcov_write_unsigned (current_function_funcdef_no + 1);
632 else
634 gcc_assert (coverage_node_map_initialized_p ());
635 gcov_write_unsigned (
636 cgraph_node::get (current_function_decl)->profile_id);
639 gcov_write_unsigned (lineno_checksum);
640 gcov_write_unsigned (cfg_checksum);
641 gcov_write_string (IDENTIFIER_POINTER
642 (DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (current_function_decl)));
643 gcov_write_unsigned (DECL_ARTIFICIAL (current_function_decl)
644 && !DECL_FUNCTION_VERSIONED (current_function_decl)
645 && !DECL_LAMBDA_FUNCTION_P (current_function_decl));
646 gcov_write_filename (startloc.file);
647 gcov_write_unsigned (startloc.line);
648 gcov_write_unsigned (startloc.column);
650 expanded_location endloc = expand_location (cfun->function_end_locus);
652 /* Function can start in a single file and end in another one. */
653 int end_line
654 = endloc.file == startloc.file ? endloc.line : startloc.line;
655 int end_column
656 = endloc.file == startloc.file ? endloc.column: startloc.column;
658 if (startloc.line > end_line)
660 warning_at (DECL_SOURCE_LOCATION (current_function_decl),
661 OPT_Wcoverage_invalid_line_number,
662 "function starts on a higher line number than it ends");
663 end_line = startloc.line;
664 end_column = startloc.column;
667 gcov_write_unsigned (end_line);
668 gcov_write_unsigned (end_column);
669 gcov_write_length (offset);
671 return !gcov_is_error ();
674 /* Finish coverage data for the current function. Verify no output
675 error has occurred. Save function coverage counts. */
677 void
678 coverage_end_function (unsigned lineno_checksum, unsigned cfg_checksum)
680 unsigned i;
682 if (bbg_file_name && gcov_is_error ())
684 warning (0, "error writing %qs", bbg_file_name);
685 unlink (bbg_file_name);
686 bbg_file_name = NULL;
689 if (fn_ctr_mask)
691 struct coverage_data *item = 0;
693 item = ggc_alloc<coverage_data> ();
695 if (param_profile_func_internal_id)
696 item->ident = current_function_funcdef_no + 1;
697 else
699 gcc_assert (coverage_node_map_initialized_p ());
700 item->ident = cgraph_node::get (cfun->decl)->profile_id;
703 item->lineno_checksum = lineno_checksum;
704 item->cfg_checksum = cfg_checksum;
706 item->fn_decl = current_function_decl;
707 item->next = 0;
708 *functions_tail = item;
709 functions_tail = &item->next;
711 for (i = 0; i != GCOV_COUNTERS; i++)
713 tree var = fn_v_ctrs[i];
715 if (item)
716 item->ctr_vars[i] = var;
717 if (var)
719 tree array_type = build_index_type (size_int (fn_n_ctrs[i] - 1));
720 array_type = build_array_type (get_gcov_type (), array_type);
721 TREE_TYPE (var) = array_type;
722 DECL_SIZE (var) = TYPE_SIZE (array_type);
723 DECL_SIZE_UNIT (var) = TYPE_SIZE_UNIT (array_type);
724 varpool_node::finalize_decl (var);
727 fn_b_ctrs[i] = fn_n_ctrs[i] = 0;
728 fn_v_ctrs[i] = NULL_TREE;
730 prg_ctr_mask |= fn_ctr_mask;
731 fn_ctr_mask = 0;
735 /* Remove coverage file if opened. */
737 void
738 coverage_remove_note_file (void)
740 if (bbg_file_name)
742 gcov_close ();
743 unlink (bbg_file_name);
747 /* Build a coverage variable of TYPE for function FN_DECL. If COUNTER
748 >= 0 it is a counter array, otherwise it is the function structure. */
750 static tree
751 build_var (tree fn_decl, tree type, int counter)
753 tree var = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, VAR_DECL, NULL_TREE, type);
754 const char *fn_name = IDENTIFIER_POINTER (DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (fn_decl));
755 char *buf;
756 size_t fn_name_len, len;
758 fn_name = targetm.strip_name_encoding (fn_name);
759 fn_name_len = strlen (fn_name);
760 buf = XALLOCAVEC (char, fn_name_len + 8 + sizeof (int) * 3);
762 if (counter < 0)
763 strcpy (buf, "__gcov__");
764 else
765 sprintf (buf, "__gcov%u_", counter);
766 len = strlen (buf);
767 buf[len - 1] = symbol_table::symbol_suffix_separator ();
768 memcpy (buf + len, fn_name, fn_name_len + 1);
769 DECL_NAME (var) = get_identifier (buf);
770 TREE_STATIC (var) = 1;
771 TREE_ADDRESSABLE (var) = 1;
772 DECL_NONALIASED (var) = 1;
773 SET_DECL_ALIGN (var, TYPE_ALIGN (type));
775 return var;
778 /* Creates the gcov_fn_info RECORD_TYPE. */
780 static void
781 build_fn_info_type (tree type, unsigned counters, tree gcov_info_type)
783 tree ctr_info = lang_hooks.types.make_type (RECORD_TYPE);
784 tree field, fields;
785 tree array_type;
787 gcc_assert (counters);
789 /* ctr_info::num */
790 field = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, FIELD_DECL, NULL_TREE,
791 get_gcov_unsigned_t ());
792 fields = field;
794 /* ctr_info::values */
795 field = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, FIELD_DECL, NULL_TREE,
796 build_pointer_type (get_gcov_type ()));
797 DECL_CHAIN (field) = fields;
798 fields = field;
800 finish_builtin_struct (ctr_info, "__gcov_ctr_info", fields, NULL_TREE);
802 /* key */
803 field = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, FIELD_DECL, NULL_TREE,
804 build_pointer_type (build_qualified_type
805 (gcov_info_type, TYPE_QUAL_CONST)));
806 fields = field;
808 /* ident */
809 field = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, FIELD_DECL, NULL_TREE,
810 get_gcov_unsigned_t ());
811 DECL_CHAIN (field) = fields;
812 fields = field;
814 /* lineno_checksum */
815 field = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, FIELD_DECL, NULL_TREE,
816 get_gcov_unsigned_t ());
817 DECL_CHAIN (field) = fields;
818 fields = field;
820 /* cfg checksum */
821 field = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, FIELD_DECL, NULL_TREE,
822 get_gcov_unsigned_t ());
823 DECL_CHAIN (field) = fields;
824 fields = field;
826 array_type = build_index_type (size_int (counters - 1));
827 array_type = build_array_type (ctr_info, array_type);
829 /* counters */
830 field = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, FIELD_DECL, NULL_TREE, array_type);
831 DECL_CHAIN (field) = fields;
832 fields = field;
834 finish_builtin_struct (type, "__gcov_fn_info", fields, NULL_TREE);
837 /* Returns a CONSTRUCTOR for a gcov_fn_info. DATA is
838 the coverage data for the function and TYPE is the gcov_fn_info
839 RECORD_TYPE. KEY is the object file key. */
841 static tree
842 build_fn_info (const struct coverage_data *data, tree type, tree key)
844 tree fields = TYPE_FIELDS (type);
845 tree ctr_type;
846 unsigned ix;
847 vec<constructor_elt, va_gc> *v1 = NULL;
848 vec<constructor_elt, va_gc> *v2 = NULL;
850 /* key */
851 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (v1, fields,
852 build1 (ADDR_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (fields), key));
853 fields = DECL_CHAIN (fields);
855 /* ident */
856 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (v1, fields,
857 build_int_cstu (get_gcov_unsigned_t (),
858 data->ident));
859 fields = DECL_CHAIN (fields);
861 /* lineno_checksum */
862 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (v1, fields,
863 build_int_cstu (get_gcov_unsigned_t (),
864 data->lineno_checksum));
865 fields = DECL_CHAIN (fields);
867 /* cfg_checksum */
868 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (v1, fields,
869 build_int_cstu (get_gcov_unsigned_t (),
870 data->cfg_checksum));
871 fields = DECL_CHAIN (fields);
873 /* counters */
874 ctr_type = TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (fields));
875 for (ix = 0; ix != GCOV_COUNTERS; ix++)
876 if (prg_ctr_mask & (1 << ix))
878 vec<constructor_elt, va_gc> *ctr = NULL;
879 tree var = data->ctr_vars[ix];
880 unsigned count = 0;
882 if (var)
883 count
884 = tree_to_shwi (TYPE_MAX_VALUE (TYPE_DOMAIN (TREE_TYPE (var))))
885 + 1;
887 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (ctr, TYPE_FIELDS (ctr_type),
888 build_int_cstu (get_gcov_unsigned_t (),
889 count));
891 if (var)
892 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (ctr, DECL_CHAIN (TYPE_FIELDS (ctr_type)),
893 build_fold_addr_expr (var));
895 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (v2, NULL, build_constructor (ctr_type, ctr));
898 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (v1, fields,
899 build_constructor (TREE_TYPE (fields), v2));
901 return build_constructor (type, v1);
904 /* Create gcov_info struct. TYPE is the incomplete RECORD_TYPE to be
905 completed, and FN_INFO_PTR_TYPE is a pointer to the function info type. */
907 static void
908 build_info_type (tree type, tree fn_info_ptr_type)
910 tree field, fields = NULL_TREE;
911 tree merge_fn_type;
913 /* Version ident */
914 field = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, FIELD_DECL, NULL_TREE,
915 get_gcov_unsigned_t ());
916 DECL_CHAIN (field) = fields;
917 fields = field;
919 /* next pointer */
920 field = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, FIELD_DECL, NULL_TREE,
921 build_pointer_type (build_qualified_type
922 (type, TYPE_QUAL_CONST)));
923 DECL_CHAIN (field) = fields;
924 fields = field;
926 /* stamp */
927 field = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, FIELD_DECL, NULL_TREE,
928 get_gcov_unsigned_t ());
929 DECL_CHAIN (field) = fields;
930 fields = field;
932 /* Checksum. */
933 field = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, FIELD_DECL, NULL_TREE,
934 get_gcov_unsigned_t ());
935 DECL_CHAIN (field) = fields;
936 fields = field;
938 /* Filename */
939 field = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, FIELD_DECL, NULL_TREE,
940 build_pointer_type (build_qualified_type
941 (char_type_node, TYPE_QUAL_CONST)));
942 DECL_CHAIN (field) = fields;
943 fields = field;
945 /* merge fn array */
946 merge_fn_type
947 = build_function_type_list (void_type_node,
948 build_pointer_type (get_gcov_type ()),
949 get_gcov_unsigned_t (), NULL_TREE);
950 merge_fn_type
951 = build_array_type (build_pointer_type (merge_fn_type),
952 build_index_type (size_int (GCOV_COUNTERS - 1)));
953 field = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, FIELD_DECL, NULL_TREE,
954 merge_fn_type);
955 DECL_CHAIN (field) = fields;
956 fields = field;
958 /* n_functions */
959 field = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, FIELD_DECL, NULL_TREE,
960 get_gcov_unsigned_t ());
961 DECL_CHAIN (field) = fields;
962 fields = field;
964 /* function_info pointer pointer */
965 fn_info_ptr_type = build_pointer_type
966 (build_qualified_type (fn_info_ptr_type, TYPE_QUAL_CONST));
967 field = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, FIELD_DECL, NULL_TREE,
968 fn_info_ptr_type);
969 DECL_CHAIN (field) = fields;
970 fields = field;
972 finish_builtin_struct (type, "__gcov_info", fields, NULL_TREE);
975 /* Returns a CONSTRUCTOR for the gcov_info object. INFO_TYPE is the
976 gcov_info structure type, FN_ARY is the array of pointers to
977 function info objects. */
979 static tree
980 build_info (tree info_type, tree fn_ary, unsigned object_checksum)
982 tree info_fields = TYPE_FIELDS (info_type);
983 tree merge_fn_type, n_funcs;
984 unsigned ix;
985 tree filename_string;
986 int da_file_name_len;
987 vec<constructor_elt, va_gc> *v1 = NULL;
988 vec<constructor_elt, va_gc> *v2 = NULL;
990 /* Version ident */
991 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (v1, info_fields,
992 build_int_cstu (TREE_TYPE (info_fields),
993 GCOV_VERSION));
994 info_fields = DECL_CHAIN (info_fields);
996 /* next -- NULL */
997 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (v1, info_fields, null_pointer_node);
998 info_fields = DECL_CHAIN (info_fields);
1000 /* stamp */
1001 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (v1, info_fields,
1002 build_int_cstu (TREE_TYPE (info_fields),
1003 bbg_file_stamp));
1004 info_fields = DECL_CHAIN (info_fields);
1006 /* Checksum. */
1007 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (v1, info_fields,
1008 build_int_cstu (TREE_TYPE (info_fields),
1009 object_checksum));
1010 info_fields = DECL_CHAIN (info_fields);
1012 /* Filename */
1013 da_file_name_len = strlen (da_file_name);
1014 filename_string = build_string (da_file_name_len + 1, da_file_name);
1015 TREE_TYPE (filename_string) = build_array_type
1016 (char_type_node, build_index_type (size_int (da_file_name_len)));
1017 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (v1, info_fields,
1018 build1 (ADDR_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (info_fields),
1019 filename_string));
1020 info_fields = DECL_CHAIN (info_fields);
1022 /* merge fn array -- NULL slots indicate unmeasured counters */
1023 merge_fn_type = TREE_TYPE (TREE_TYPE (info_fields));
1024 for (ix = 0; ix != GCOV_COUNTERS; ix++)
1026 tree ptr = null_pointer_node;
1028 if ((1u << ix) & prg_ctr_mask)
1030 tree merge_fn = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION,
1031 FUNCTION_DECL,
1032 get_identifier (ctr_merge_functions[ix]),
1033 TREE_TYPE (merge_fn_type));
1034 DECL_EXTERNAL (merge_fn) = 1;
1035 TREE_PUBLIC (merge_fn) = 1;
1036 DECL_ARTIFICIAL (merge_fn) = 1;
1037 TREE_NOTHROW (merge_fn) = 1;
1038 /* Initialize assembler name so we can stream out. */
1039 DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (merge_fn);
1040 ptr = build1 (ADDR_EXPR, merge_fn_type, merge_fn);
1042 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (v2, NULL, ptr);
1044 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (v1, info_fields,
1045 build_constructor (TREE_TYPE (info_fields), v2));
1046 info_fields = DECL_CHAIN (info_fields);
1048 /* n_functions */
1049 n_funcs = TYPE_MAX_VALUE (TYPE_DOMAIN (TREE_TYPE (fn_ary)));
1050 n_funcs = fold_build2 (PLUS_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (info_fields),
1051 n_funcs, size_one_node);
1052 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (v1, info_fields, n_funcs);
1053 info_fields = DECL_CHAIN (info_fields);
1055 /* functions */
1056 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (v1, info_fields,
1057 build1 (ADDR_EXPR, TREE_TYPE (info_fields), fn_ary));
1058 info_fields = DECL_CHAIN (info_fields);
1060 gcc_assert (!info_fields);
1061 return build_constructor (info_type, v1);
1064 /* Generate the constructor function to call __gcov_init. */
1066 static void
1067 build_init_ctor (tree gcov_info_type)
1069 tree ctor, stmt, init_fn;
1071 /* Build a decl for __gcov_init. */
1072 init_fn = build_pointer_type (gcov_info_type);
1073 init_fn = build_function_type_list (void_type_node, init_fn, NULL);
1074 init_fn = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, FUNCTION_DECL,
1075 get_identifier ("__gcov_init"), init_fn);
1076 TREE_PUBLIC (init_fn) = 1;
1077 DECL_EXTERNAL (init_fn) = 1;
1078 DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (init_fn);
1080 /* Generate a call to __gcov_init(&gcov_info). */
1081 ctor = NULL;
1082 stmt = build_fold_addr_expr (gcov_info_var);
1083 stmt = build_call_expr (init_fn, 1, stmt);
1084 append_to_statement_list (stmt, &ctor);
1086 /* Generate a constructor to run it. */
1087 int priority = SUPPORTS_INIT_PRIORITY
1088 ? MAX_RESERVED_INIT_PRIORITY: DEFAULT_INIT_PRIORITY;
1089 cgraph_build_static_cdtor ('I', ctor, priority);
1092 /* Generate the destructor function to call __gcov_exit. */
1094 static void
1095 build_gcov_exit_decl (void)
1097 tree init_fn = build_function_type_list (void_type_node, NULL);
1098 init_fn = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, FUNCTION_DECL,
1099 get_identifier ("__gcov_exit"), init_fn);
1100 TREE_PUBLIC (init_fn) = 1;
1101 DECL_EXTERNAL (init_fn) = 1;
1102 DECL_ASSEMBLER_NAME (init_fn);
1104 /* Generate a call to __gcov_exit (). */
1105 tree dtor = NULL;
1106 tree stmt = build_call_expr (init_fn, 0);
1107 append_to_statement_list (stmt, &dtor);
1109 /* Generate a destructor to run it. */
1110 int priority = SUPPORTS_INIT_PRIORITY
1111 ? MAX_RESERVED_INIT_PRIORITY: DEFAULT_INIT_PRIORITY;
1113 cgraph_build_static_cdtor ('D', dtor, priority);
1116 /* Generate the pointer to the gcov_info_var in a dedicated section. */
1118 static void
1119 build_gcov_info_var_registration (tree gcov_info_type)
1121 tree var = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION,
1122 VAR_DECL, NULL_TREE,
1123 build_pointer_type (gcov_info_type));
1124 TREE_STATIC (var) = 1;
1125 TREE_READONLY (var) = 1;
1126 char name_buf[32];
1127 ASM_GENERATE_INTERNAL_LABEL (name_buf, "LPBX", 2);
1128 DECL_NAME (var) = get_identifier (name_buf);
1129 get_section (profile_info_section, SECTION_UNNAMED, NULL);
1130 set_decl_section_name (var, profile_info_section);
1131 mark_decl_referenced (var);
1132 DECL_INITIAL (var) = build_fold_addr_expr (gcov_info_var);
1133 varpool_node::finalize_decl (var);
1136 /* Create the gcov_info types and object. Generate the constructor
1137 function to call __gcov_init. Does not generate the initializer
1138 for the object. Returns TRUE if coverage data is being emitted. */
1140 static bool
1141 coverage_obj_init (void)
1143 tree gcov_info_type;
1144 unsigned n_counters = 0;
1145 unsigned ix;
1146 struct coverage_data *fn;
1147 struct coverage_data **fn_prev;
1148 char name_buf[32];
1150 no_coverage = 1; /* Disable any further coverage. */
1152 if (!prg_ctr_mask)
1153 return false;
1155 if (symtab->dump_file)
1156 fprintf (symtab->dump_file, "Using data file %s\n", da_file_name);
1158 /* Prune functions. */
1159 for (fn_prev = &functions_head; (fn = *fn_prev);)
1160 if (DECL_STRUCT_FUNCTION (fn->fn_decl))
1161 fn_prev = &fn->next;
1162 else
1163 /* The function is not being emitted, remove from list. */
1164 *fn_prev = fn->next;
1166 if (functions_head == NULL)
1167 return false;
1169 for (ix = 0; ix != GCOV_COUNTERS; ix++)
1170 if ((1u << ix) & prg_ctr_mask)
1171 n_counters++;
1173 /* Build the info and fn_info types. These are mutually recursive. */
1174 gcov_info_type = lang_hooks.types.make_type (RECORD_TYPE);
1175 gcov_fn_info_type = lang_hooks.types.make_type (RECORD_TYPE);
1176 build_fn_info_type (gcov_fn_info_type, n_counters, gcov_info_type);
1177 gcov_info_type = lang_hooks.types.make_type (RECORD_TYPE);
1178 gcov_fn_info_ptr_type = build_pointer_type
1179 (build_qualified_type (gcov_fn_info_type, TYPE_QUAL_CONST));
1180 build_info_type (gcov_info_type, gcov_fn_info_ptr_type);
1182 /* Build the gcov info var, this is referred to in its own
1183 initializer. */
1184 gcov_info_var = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION,
1185 VAR_DECL, NULL_TREE, gcov_info_type);
1186 TREE_STATIC (gcov_info_var) = 1;
1187 ASM_GENERATE_INTERNAL_LABEL (name_buf, "LPBX", 0);
1188 DECL_NAME (gcov_info_var) = get_identifier (name_buf);
1190 if (profile_info_section)
1191 build_gcov_info_var_registration (gcov_info_type);
1192 else
1194 build_init_ctor (gcov_info_type);
1195 build_gcov_exit_decl ();
1198 return true;
1201 /* Generate the coverage function info for FN and DATA. Append a
1202 pointer to that object to CTOR and return the appended CTOR. */
1204 static vec<constructor_elt, va_gc> *
1205 coverage_obj_fn (vec<constructor_elt, va_gc> *ctor, tree fn,
1206 struct coverage_data const *data)
1208 tree init = build_fn_info (data, gcov_fn_info_type, gcov_info_var);
1209 tree var = build_var (fn, gcov_fn_info_type, -1);
1211 DECL_INITIAL (var) = init;
1212 varpool_node::finalize_decl (var);
1214 CONSTRUCTOR_APPEND_ELT (ctor, NULL,
1215 build1 (ADDR_EXPR, gcov_fn_info_ptr_type, var));
1216 return ctor;
1219 /* Finalize the coverage data. Generates the array of pointers to
1220 function objects from CTOR. Generate the gcov_info initializer. */
1222 static void
1223 coverage_obj_finish (vec<constructor_elt, va_gc> *ctor,
1224 unsigned object_checksum)
1226 unsigned n_functions = vec_safe_length (ctor);
1227 tree fn_info_ary_type = build_array_type
1228 (build_qualified_type (gcov_fn_info_ptr_type, TYPE_QUAL_CONST),
1229 build_index_type (size_int (n_functions - 1)));
1230 tree fn_info_ary = build_decl (BUILTINS_LOCATION, VAR_DECL, NULL_TREE,
1231 fn_info_ary_type);
1232 char name_buf[32];
1234 TREE_STATIC (fn_info_ary) = 1;
1235 ASM_GENERATE_INTERNAL_LABEL (name_buf, "LPBX", 1);
1236 DECL_NAME (fn_info_ary) = get_identifier (name_buf);
1237 DECL_INITIAL (fn_info_ary) = build_constructor (fn_info_ary_type, ctor);
1238 varpool_node::finalize_decl (fn_info_ary);
1240 DECL_INITIAL (gcov_info_var)
1241 = build_info (TREE_TYPE (gcov_info_var), fn_info_ary, object_checksum);
1242 varpool_node::finalize_decl (gcov_info_var);
1245 /* Perform file-level initialization. Read in data file, generate name
1246 of notes file. */
1248 void
1249 coverage_init (const char *filename)
1251 const char *original_filename = filename;
1252 int original_len = strlen (original_filename);
1253 #if HAVE_DOS_BASED_FILE_SYSTEM
1254 const char *separator = "\\";
1255 #else
1256 const char *separator = "/";
1257 #endif
1258 int len = strlen (filename);
1259 int prefix_len = 0;
1261 /* Since coverage_init is invoked very early, before the pass
1262 manager, we need to set up the dumping explicitly. This is
1263 similar to the handling in finish_optimization_passes. */
1264 int profile_pass_num =
1265 g->get_passes ()->get_pass_profile ()->static_pass_number;
1266 g->get_dumps ()->dump_start (profile_pass_num, NULL);
1268 if (!IS_ABSOLUTE_PATH (filename))
1270 /* When a profile_data_prefix is provided, then mangle full path
1271 of filename in order to prevent file path clashing. */
1272 if (profile_data_prefix)
1274 filename = concat (getpwd (), separator, filename, NULL);
1275 if (profile_prefix_path)
1277 if (startswith (filename, profile_prefix_path))
1279 filename += strlen (profile_prefix_path);
1280 while (*filename == *separator)
1281 filename++;
1283 else
1284 warning (0, "filename %qs does not start with profile "
1285 "prefix %qs", filename, profile_prefix_path);
1287 filename = mangle_path (filename);
1288 len = strlen (filename);
1290 else
1291 profile_data_prefix = getpwd ();
1294 if (profile_data_prefix)
1295 prefix_len = strlen (profile_data_prefix);
1297 /* Name of da file. */
1298 da_file_name = XNEWVEC (char, len + strlen (GCOV_DATA_SUFFIX)
1299 + prefix_len + 2);
1301 if (profile_data_prefix)
1303 memcpy (da_file_name, profile_data_prefix, prefix_len);
1304 da_file_name[prefix_len++] = *separator;
1306 memcpy (da_file_name + prefix_len, filename, len);
1307 strcpy (da_file_name + prefix_len + len, GCOV_DATA_SUFFIX);
1309 bbg_file_stamp = local_tick;
1310 if (flag_auto_profile)
1311 read_autofdo_file ();
1312 else if (flag_branch_probabilities)
1313 read_counts_file ();
1315 /* Name of bbg file. */
1316 if (flag_test_coverage && !flag_compare_debug)
1318 if (profile_note_location)
1319 bbg_file_name = xstrdup (profile_note_location);
1320 else
1322 bbg_file_name = XNEWVEC (char, original_len + strlen (GCOV_NOTE_SUFFIX) + 1);
1323 memcpy (bbg_file_name, original_filename, original_len);
1324 strcpy (bbg_file_name + original_len, GCOV_NOTE_SUFFIX);
1327 if (!gcov_open (bbg_file_name, -1))
1329 error ("cannot open %s", bbg_file_name);
1330 bbg_file_name = NULL;
1332 else
1334 gcov_write_unsigned (GCOV_NOTE_MAGIC);
1335 gcov_write_unsigned (GCOV_VERSION);
1336 gcov_write_unsigned (bbg_file_stamp);
1337 /* Use an arbitrary checksum */
1338 gcov_write_unsigned (0);
1339 gcov_write_string (getpwd ());
1341 /* Do not support has_unexecuted_blocks for Ada. */
1342 gcov_write_unsigned (strcmp (lang_hooks.name, "GNU Ada") != 0);
1346 g->get_dumps ()->dump_finish (profile_pass_num);
1349 /* Performs file-level cleanup. Close notes file, generate coverage
1350 variables and constructor. */
1352 void
1353 coverage_finish (void)
1355 if (bbg_file_name && gcov_close ())
1356 unlink (bbg_file_name);
1358 if (!flag_branch_probabilities && flag_test_coverage
1359 && (!local_tick || local_tick == (unsigned)-1))
1360 /* Only remove the da file, if we're emitting coverage code and
1361 cannot uniquely stamp it. If we can stamp it, libgcov will DTRT. */
1362 unlink (da_file_name);
1364 /* Global GCDA checksum that aggregates all functions. */
1365 unsigned object_checksum = 0;
1367 if (coverage_obj_init ())
1369 vec<constructor_elt, va_gc> *fn_ctor = NULL;
1370 struct coverage_data *fn;
1372 for (fn = functions_head; fn; fn = fn->next)
1374 fn_ctor = coverage_obj_fn (fn_ctor, fn->fn_decl, fn);
1376 object_checksum = crc32_unsigned (object_checksum, fn->ident);
1377 object_checksum = crc32_unsigned (object_checksum,
1378 fn->lineno_checksum);
1379 object_checksum = crc32_unsigned (object_checksum, fn->cfg_checksum);
1381 coverage_obj_finish (fn_ctor, object_checksum);
1384 XDELETEVEC (da_file_name);
1385 da_file_name = NULL;
1388 #include "gt-coverage.h"