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3 <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Appendix E. GNU Free Documentation License</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.75.2" /><link rel="home" href="../spine.html" title="The GNU C++ Library Documentation" /><link rel="up" href="bk01pt04.html" title="Part IV. Appendices" /><link rel="prev" href="appendix_gpl.html" title="Appendix D. GNU General Public License version 3" /><link rel="next" href="../bk02.html" title="" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Appendix E. GNU Free Documentation License</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="appendix_gpl.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part IV.
4 Appendices
5 </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="../bk02.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="appendix" title="Appendix E. GNU Free Documentation License"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="appendix.gfdl-1.3"></a>Appendix E. GNU Free Documentation License</h2></div></div></div><p>Version 1.3, 3 November 2008</p><p>
8 </p><p>
9 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this
10 license document, but changing it is not allowed.
12 0. PREAMBLE
13 </h3><p>
14 The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
15 functional and useful document “free” in the sense of freedom:
16 to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with
17 or without modifying it, either commercially or
18 noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and
19 publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not being considered
20 responsible for modifications made by others.
21 </p><p>
22 This License is a kind of “copyleft”, which means that
23 derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same
24 sense. It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
25 license designed for free software.
26 </p><p>
27 We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
28 software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program
29 should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software
30 does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used
31 for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is
32 published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for
33 works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
35 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
36 </h3><p>
37 This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that
38 contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be
39 distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a
40 world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that work
41 under the conditions stated herein. The “Document”, below,
42 refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee,
43 and is addressed as “you”. You accept the license if you copy,
44 modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission under
45 copyright law.
46 </p><p>
47 A “Modified Version” of the Document means any work containing
48 the Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
49 modifications and/or translated into another language.
50 </p><p>
51 A “Secondary Section” is a named appendix or a front-matter
52 section of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of
53 the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document’s overall
54 subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall
55 directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in part a
56 textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any
57 mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical connection
58 with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, commercial,
59 philosophical, ethical or political position regarding them.
60 </p><p>
61 The “Invariant Sections” are certain Secondary Sections whose
62 titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice
63 that says that the Document is released under this License. If a section
64 does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not allowed to
65 be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero Invariant
66 Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant Sections then
67 there are none.
68 </p><p>
69 The “Cover Texts” are certain short passages of text that are
70 listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says
71 that the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may
73 </p><p>
74 A “Transparent” copy of the Document means a machine-readable
75 copy, represented in a format whose specification is available to the
76 general public, that is suitable for revising the document
77 straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of
78 pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
79 drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for
80 automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text
81 formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format whose
82 markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart or discourage
83 subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. An image format is
84 not Transparent if used for any substantial amount of text. A copy that is
85 not “Transparent” is called “Opaque”.
86 </p><p>
87 Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII
88 without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML
89 using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML,
90 PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of transparent
91 image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats include proprietary
92 formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors,
93 SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally
94 available, and the machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by
95 some word processors for output purposes only.
96 </p><p>
97 The “Title Page” means, for a printed book, the title page
98 itself, plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the
99 material this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in
100 formats which do not have any title page as such, “Title Page”
101 means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work’s
102 title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
103 </p><p>
104 The “publisher” means any person or entity that distributes
105 copies of the Document to the public.
106 </p><p>
107 A section “Entitled XYZ” means a named subunit of the Document
108 whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses
109 following text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands
110 for a specific section name mentioned below, such as
111 “Acknowledgements”, “Dedications”,
112 “Endorsements”, or “History”.) To “Preserve
113 the Title” of such a section when you modify the Document means that
114 it remains a section “Entitled XYZ” according to this
115 definition.
116 </p><p>
117 The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which
118 states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty
119 Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this License,
120 but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other implication that
121 these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has no effect on the
122 meaning of this License.
124 2. VERBATIM COPYING
125 </h3><p>
126 You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
127 commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the copyright
128 notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to the
129 Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other
130 conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use technical
131 measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the
132 copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept compensation in
133 exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough number of copies you
134 must also follow the conditions in section 3.
135 </p><p>
136 You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and you
137 may publicly display copies.
139 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
140 </h3><p>
141 If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have
142 printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
143 Document’s license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose
144 the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover
145 Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the
146 back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the
147 publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the full title
148 with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add
149 other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to
150 the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy
151 these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects.
152 </p><p>
153 If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit legibly,
154 you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit reasonably) on the
155 actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent pages.
156 </p><p>
157 If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering more
158 than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent copy
159 along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a
160 computer-network location from which the general network-using public has
161 access to download using public-standard network protocols a complete
162 Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. If you use the
163 latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin
164 distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent
165 copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one
166 year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or
167 through your agents or retailers) of that edition to the public.
168 </p><p>
169 It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
170 Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give
171 them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.
173 4. MODIFICATIONS
174 </h3><p>
175 You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the
177 Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified Version
178 filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and
179 modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it. In
180 addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
182 Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
183 from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions (which
184 should, if there were any, be listed in the History section of the
185 Document). You may use the same title as a previous version if the
186 original publisher of that version gives permission.
188 List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
189 responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
190 Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
191 Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five),
192 unless they release you from this requirement.
194 State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified
195 Version, as the publisher.
197 Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
199 Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to
200 the other copyright notices.
202 Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
203 giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
204 terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
206 Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections
207 and required Cover Texts given in the Document’s license
208 notice.
210 Include an unaltered copy of this License.
212 Preserve the section Entitled “History”, Preserve its
213 Title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new
214 authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title
215 Page. If there is no section Entitled “History” in the
216 Document, create one stating the title, year, authors, and publisher
217 of the Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item
218 describing the Modified Version as stated in the previous sentence.
220 Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
221 public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise the
222 network locations given in the Document for previous versions it was
223 based on. These may be placed in the “History”
224 section. You may omit a network location for a work that was published
225 at least four years before the Document itself, or if the original
226 publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
228 For any section Entitled “Acknowledgements” or
229 “Dedications”, Preserve the Title of the section, and
230 preserve in the section all the substance and tone of each of the
231 contributor acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.
233 Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, unaltered in
234 their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are
235 not considered part of the section titles.
237 Delete any section Entitled “Endorsements”. Such a section
238 may not be included in the Modified Version.
240 Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled
241 “Endorsements” or to conflict in title with any Invariant
242 Section.
244 Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
245 </li></ol></div><p>
246 If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices
247 that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the
248 Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these sections
249 as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of Invariant
250 Sections in the Modified Version’s license notice. These titles
251 must be distinct from any other section titles.
252 </p><p>
253 You may add a section Entitled “Endorsements”, provided it
254 contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
255 parties — for example, statements of peer review or that the text
256 has been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
257 standard.
258 </p><p>
259 You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
260 passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list of
261 Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text
262 and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements made
263 by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text for the
264 same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same
265 entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may
266 replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher
267 that added the old one.
268 </p><p>
269 The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give
270 permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply
271 endorsement of any Modified Version.
273 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
274 </h3><p>
275 You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
276 License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions,
277 provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections
278 of all of the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as
279 Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice, and that
280 you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
281 </p><p>
282 The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple
283 identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there
284 are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents,
285 make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in
286 parentheses, the name of the original author or publisher of that section
287 if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section
288 titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the
289 combined work.
290 </p><p>
291 In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled
292 “History” in the various original documents, forming one
293 section Entitled “History”; likewise combine any sections
294 Entitled “Acknowledgements”, and any sections Entitled
295 “Dedications”. You must delete all sections Entitled
296 “Endorsements”.
298 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
299 </h3><p>
300 You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents
301 released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this
302 License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in
303 the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for
304 verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.
305 </p><p>
306 You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute
307 it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this
308 License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all other
309 respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.
311 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
312 </h3><p>
313 A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and
314 independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
315 distribution medium, is called an “aggregate” if the copyright
316 resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights of
317 the compilation’s users beyond what the individual works
318 permit. When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does
319 not apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
320 derivative works of the Document.
321 </p><p>
322 If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies
323 of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of the entire
324 aggregate, the Document’s Cover Texts may be placed on covers that
325 bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the electronic equivalent of
326 covers if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise they must appear
327 on printed covers that bracket the whole aggregate.
329 8. TRANSLATION
330 </h3><p>
331 Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute
332 translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing
333 Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from
334 their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all
335 Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant
336 Sections. You may include a translation of this License, and all the
337 license notices in the Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided
338 that you also include the original English version of this License and the
339 original versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a
340 disagreement between the translation and the original version of this
341 License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
342 </p><p>
343 If a section in the Document is Entitled “Acknowledgements”,
344 “Dedications”, or “History”, the requirement
346 changing the actual title.
348 9. TERMINATION
349 </h3><p>
350 You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as
351 expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy,
352 modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and will automatically
353 terminate your rights under this License.
354 </p><p>
355 However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license
356 from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally, unless
357 and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally terminates your
358 license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder fails to notify you
359 of the violation by some reasonable means prior to 60 days after the
360 cessation.
361 </p><p>
362 Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated
363 permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the violation by some
364 reasonable means, this is the first time you have received notice of
365 violation of this License (for any work) from that copyright holder, and
366 you cure the violation prior to 30 days after your receipt of the notice.
367 </p><p>
368 Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
369 licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under this
370 License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
371 reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does not
372 give you any rights to use it.
374 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
375 </h3><p>
376 The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU
377 Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be
378 similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
379 address new problems or concerns. See
381 </p><p>
382 Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If
383 the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License
384 “or any later version” applies to it, you have the option of
385 following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of
386 any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free
387 Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of
388 this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft)
389 by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document specifies that a proxy
390 can decide which future versions of this License can be used, that
391 proxy’s public statement of acceptance of a version permanently
392 authorizes you to choose that version for the Document.
394 11. RELICENSING
395 </h3><p>
396 “Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site” (or “MMC
397 Site”) means any World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable
398 works and also provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those
399 works. A public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a
400 server. A “Massive Multiauthor Collaboration” (or
401 “MMC”) contained in the site means any set of copyrightable
402 works thus published on the MMC site.
403 </p><p>
404 “CC-BY-SA” means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike
405 3.0 license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit
406 corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco,
407 California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license published
408 by that same organization.
409 </p><p>
410 “Incorporate” means to publish or republish a Document, in
411 whole or in part, as part of another Document.
412 </p><p>
413 An MMC is “eligible for relicensing” if it is licensed under
414 this License, and if all works that were first published under this
415 License somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in
416 whole or in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant
418 </p><p>
419 The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site
421 provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing.
423 ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
424 </h3><p>
425 To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of the
426 License in the document and put the following copyright and license
427 notices just after the title page:
430 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the
431 terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3 or any later version
432 published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no
433 Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in
434 the section entitled “GNU Free Documentation License”.</pre><p>
435 If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
436 replace the “with… Texts.” line with this:
437 </p><pre class="screen">with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the Front-Cover Texts
438 being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.</pre><p>
439 If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
440 combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
441 situation.
442 </p><p>
443 If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
444 recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free
445 software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit their
446 use in free software.
447 </p></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="appendix_gpl.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="bk01pt04.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="../bk02.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Appendix D.
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