Fix race between killing object and drawing object

[lsnes.git] / include / library / portctrl-data.hpp

#ifndef _library__portctrl_data__hpp__included__
#define _library__portctrl_data__hpp__included__

#include <cstring>
#include <climits>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdint>
#include <sstream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <map>
#include <list>
#include <set>
#include "json.hpp"
#include "threads.hpp"

namespace binarystream
{
        class input;
        class output;
}

/**
 * Memory to allocate for controller frame.
 */
#define MAXIMUM_CONTROLLER_FRAME_SIZE 128
/**
 * Maximum amount of data frame::display() can write.
 */
#define MAX_DISPLAY_LENGTH 128
/**
 * Maximum amount of data frame::serialize() can write.
 */
#define MAX_SERIALIZED_SIZE 256
/**
 * Size of controller page.
 */
#define CONTROLLER_PAGE_SIZE 65500
/**
 * Special return value for deserialize() indicating no input was taken.
 */
#define DESERIALIZE_SPECIAL_BLANK 0xFFFFFFFFUL

namespace portctrl
{
/**
 * Is not field terminator.
 *
 * Parameter ch: The character.
 * Returns: True if character is not terminator, false if character is terminator.
 */
inline bool is_nonterminator(char ch) throw()
{
        return (ch != '|' && ch != '\r' && ch != '\n' && ch != '\0');
}

/**
 * Read button value.
 *
 * Parameter buf: Buffer to read from.
 * Parameter idx: Index to buffer. Updated.
 * Returns: The read value.
 */
inline bool read_button_value(const char* buf, size_t& idx) throw()
{
        char ch = buf[idx];
        if(is_nonterminator(ch))
                idx++;
        return (ch != '|' && ch != '\r' && ch != '\n' && ch != '\0' && ch != '.' && ch != ' ' && ch != '\t');
}

/**
 * Read axis value.
 *
 * Parameter buf: Buffer to read from.
 * Parameter idx: Index to buffer. Updated.
 * Returns: The read value.
 */
short read_axis_value(const char* buf, size_t& idx) throw();

/**
 * Write axis value.
 *
 * Parameter buf: The buffer to write to.
 * Parameter _v: The axis value.
 * Returns: Number of bytes written.
 */
size_t write_axis_value(char* buf, short _v);


/**
 * Skip whitespace.
 *
 * Parameter buf: Buffer to read from.
 * Parameter idx: Index to buffer. Updated.
 */
inline void skip_field_whitespace(const char* buf, size_t& idx) throw()
{
        while(buf[idx] == ' ' || buf[idx] == '\t')
                idx++;
}

/**
 * Skip rest of the field.
 *
 * Parameter buf: Buffer to read from.
 * Parameter idx: Index to buffer. Updated.
 * Parameter include_pipe: If true, also skip the '|'.
 */
inline void skip_rest_of_field(const char* buf, size_t& idx, bool include_pipe) throw()
{
        while(is_nonterminator(buf[idx]))
                idx++;
        if(include_pipe && buf[idx] == '|')
                idx++;
}

/**
 * Serialize short.
 */
inline void serialize_short(unsigned char* buf, short val)
{
        buf[0] = static_cast<unsigned short>(val) >> 8;
        buf[1] = static_cast<unsigned short>(val);
}

/**
 * Serialize short.
 */
inline short unserialize_short(const unsigned char* buf)
{
        return static_cast<short>((static_cast<unsigned short>(buf[0]) << 8) | static_cast<unsigned short>(buf[1]));
}

class type;

/**
 * Index triple.
 *
 * Note: The index 0 has to be mapped to triple (0, 0, 0).
 */
struct index_triple
{
/**
 * If true, the other parameters are valid. Otherwise this index doesn't correspond to anything valid, but still
 * exists. The reason for having invalid entries is to be backward-compatible.
 */
        bool valid;
/**
 * The port number.
 */
        unsigned port;
/**
 * The controller number.
 */
        unsigned controller;
/**
 * The control number.
 */
        unsigned control;
};

/**
 * Controller index mappings
 */
struct index_map
{
/**
 * The poll indices.
 */
        std::vector<index_triple> indices;
/**
 * The logical controller mappings.
 */
        std::vector<std::pair<unsigned, unsigned>> logical_map;
/**
 * Legacy PCID mappings.
 */
        std::vector<std::pair<unsigned, unsigned>> pcid_map;
};


class type_set;

/**
 * A button or axis on controller
 */
struct button
{
/**
 * Type of button
 */
        enum _type
        {
                TYPE_NULL,      //Nothing (except takes the slot).
                TYPE_BUTTON,    //Button.
                TYPE_AXIS,      //Axis.
                TYPE_RAXIS,     //Relative Axis (mouse).
                TYPE_TAXIS,     //Throttle Axis (does not pair).
                TYPE_LIGHTGUN,  //Lightgun axis.
        };
        enum _type type;
        char32_t symbol;
        std::string name;
        bool shadow;
        int16_t rmin;           //Range min.
        int16_t rmax;           //Range max.
        bool centers;
        std::string macro;      //Name in macro (must be prefix-free).
        char msymbol;           //Symbol in movie.
/**
 * Is analog?
 */
        bool is_analog() const throw() { return type == (TYPE_AXIS) || (type == TYPE_RAXIS) || (type == TYPE_TAXIS)
                || (type == TYPE_LIGHTGUN); }
};

/**
 * A controller.
 */
struct controller
{
        std::string cclass;                             //Controller class.
        std::string type;                               //Controller type.
        std::vector<button> buttons;    //Buttons.
/**
 * Count number of analog actions on this controller.
 */
        unsigned analog_actions() const;
/**
 * Get the axis numbers of specified analog action. If no valid axis exists, returns UINT_MAX.
 */
        std::pair<unsigned, unsigned> analog_action(unsigned i) const;
/**
 * Get specified button, or NULL if it doesn't exist.
 */
        struct button* get(unsigned i)
        {
                if(i >= buttons.size())
                        return NULL;
                return &buttons[i];
        }
};

/**
 * A port controller set
 */
struct controller_set
{
        std::string iname;
        std::string hname;
        std::string symbol;
        std::vector<controller> controllers;    //Controllers.
        std::set<unsigned> legal_for;                   //Ports this is legal for
/**
 * Get specified controller, or NULL if it doesn't exist.
 */
        struct controller* get(unsigned c) throw()
        {
                if(c >= controllers.size())
                        return NULL;
                return &controllers[c];
        }
/**
 * Get specified button, or NULL if it doesn't exist.
 */
        struct button* get(unsigned c, unsigned i) throw();
};

/**
 * Type of controller.
 */
class type
{
public:
/**
 * Create a new port type.
 *
 * Parameter iname: Internal name of the port type.
 * Parameter hname: Human-readable name of the port type.
 * Parameter ssize: The storage size in bytes.
 * Throws std::bad_alloc: Not enough memory.
 */
        type(const std::string& iname, const std::string& hname, size_t ssize) throw(std::bad_alloc);
/**
 * Unregister a port type.
 */
        virtual ~type() throw();
/**
 * Writes controller data into compressed representation.
 *
 * Parameter buffer: The buffer storing compressed representation of controller state.
 * Parameter idx: Index of controller.
 * Parameter ctrl: The control to manipulate.
 * Parameter x: New value for control. Only zero/nonzero matters for buttons.
 */
        void (*write)(const type* _this, unsigned char* buffer, unsigned idx, unsigned ctrl, short x);
/**
 * Read controller data from compressed representation.
 *
 * Parameter buffer: The buffer storing compressed representation of controller state.
 * Parameter idx: Index of controller.
 * Parameter ctrl: The control to query.
 * Returns: The value of control. Buttons return 0 or 1.
 */
        short (*read)(const type* _this, const unsigned char* buffer, unsigned idx, unsigned ctrl);
/**
 * Take compressed controller data and serialize it into textual representation.
 *
 * - The initial '|' is also written.
 *
 * Parameter buffer: The buffer storing compressed representation of controller state.
 * Parameter textbuf: The text buffer to write to.
 * Returns: Number of bytes written.
 */
        size_t (*serialize)(const type* _this, const unsigned char* buffer, char* textbuf);
/**
 * Unserialize textual representation into compressed controller state.
 *
 * - Only stops reading on '|', NUL, CR or LF in the final read field. That byte is not read.
 *
 * Parameter buffer: The buffer storing compressed representation of controller state.
 * Parameter textbuf: The text buffer to read.
 * Returns: Number of bytes read.
 * Throws std::runtime_error: Bad serialization.
 */
        size_t (*deserialize)(const type* _this, unsigned char* buffer, const char* textbuf);
/**
 * Is the device legal for port?
 *
 * Parameter port: Port to query.
 * Returns: Nonzero if legal, zero if illegal.
 */
        int legal(unsigned port)
        {
                return controller_info->legal_for.count(port) ? 1 : 0;
        }
/**
 * Controller info.
 */
        controller_set* controller_info;
/**
 * Get number of used control indices on controller.
 *
 * Parameter controller: Number of controller.
 * Returns: Number of used control indices.
 */
        unsigned used_indices(unsigned controller)
        {
                auto c = controller_info->get(controller);
                return c ? c->buttons.size() : 0;
        }
/**
 * Human-readable name.
 */
        std::string hname;
/**
 * Number of bytes it takes to store this.
 */
        size_t storage_size;
/**
 * Name of port type.
 */
        std::string name;
/**
 * Is given controller present?
 */
        bool is_present(unsigned controller) const throw();
private:
        type(const type&);
        type& operator=(const type&);
};

/**
 * A set of port types.
 */
class type_set
{
public:
/**
 * Create empty port type set.
 */
        type_set() throw();
/**
 * Make a port type set with specified types. If called again with the same parameters, returns the same object.
 *
 * Parameter types: The types.
 * Parameter control_map: The control map
 * Throws std::bad_alloc: Not enough memory.
 * Throws std::runtime_error: Illegal port types.
 */
        static type_set& make(std::vector<type*> types, struct index_map control_map)
                throw(std::bad_alloc, std::runtime_error);
/**
 * Compare sets for equality.
 */
        bool operator==(const type_set& s) const throw() { return this == &s; }
/**
 * Compare sets for non-equality.
 */
        bool operator!=(const type_set& s) const throw() { return this != &s; }
/**
 * Get offset of specified port.
 *
 * Parameter port: The number of port.
 * Returns: The offset of port.
 * Throws std::runtime_error: Bad port number.
 */
        size_t port_offset(unsigned port) const throw(std::runtime_error)
        {
                if(port >= port_count)
                        throw std::runtime_error("Invalid port index");
                return port_offsets[port];
        }
/**
 * Get type of specified port.
 *
 * Parameter port: The number of port.
 * Returns: The port type.
 * Throws std::runtime_error: Bad port number.
 */
        const class type& port_type(unsigned port) const throw(std::runtime_error)
        {
                if(port >= port_count)
                        throw std::runtime_error("Invalid port index");
                return *(port_types[port]);
        }
/**
 * Get number of ports.
 *
 * Returns: The port count.
 */
        unsigned ports() const throw()
        {
                return port_count;
        }
/**
 * Get total size of controller data.
 *
 * Returns the size.
 */
        unsigned size() const throw()
        {
                return total_size;
        }
/**
 * Get total index count.
 */
        unsigned indices() const throw()
        {
                return _indices.size();
        }
/**
 * Look up the triplet for given control.
 *
 * Parameter index: The index to look up.
 * Returns: The triplet (may not be valid).
 * Throws std::runtime_error: Index out of range.
 */
        index_triple index_to_triple(unsigned index) const throw(std::runtime_error)
        {
                if(index >= _indices.size())
                        throw std::runtime_error("Invalid index");
                return _indices[index];
        }
/**
 * Translate triplet into index.
 *
 * Parameter port: The port.
 * Parameter controller: The controller.
 * Parameter _index: The control index.
 * Returns: The index, or 0xFFFFFFFFUL if specified triple is not valid.
 */
        unsigned triple_to_index(unsigned port, unsigned controller, unsigned _index) const throw(std::runtime_error)
        {
                size_t place = port * port_multiplier + controller * controller_multiplier + _index;
                if(place >= indices_size)
                        return 0xFFFFFFFFUL;
                unsigned pindex = indices_tab[place];
                if(pindex == 0xFFFFFFFFUL)
                        return 0xFFFFFFFFUL;
                const struct index_triple& t = _indices[pindex];
                if(!t.valid || t.port != port || t.controller != controller || t.control != _index)
                        return 0xFFFFFFFFUL;
                return pindex;
        }
/**
 * Return number of controllers connected.
 *
 * Returns: Number of controllers.
 */
        unsigned number_of_controllers() const throw()
        {
                return controllers.size();
        }
/**
 * Lookup physical controller index corresponding to logical one.
 *
 * Parameter lcid: Logical controller id.
 * Returns: Physical controller index (port, controller).
 * Throws std::runtime_error: No such controller.
 */
        std::pair<unsigned, unsigned> lcid_to_pcid(unsigned lcid) const throw(std::runtime_error)
        {
                if(lcid >= controllers.size())
                        throw std::runtime_error("Bad logical controller");
                return controllers[lcid];
        }
/**
 * Return number of legacy PCIDs.
 */
        unsigned number_of_legacy_pcids() const throw()
        {
                return legacy_pcids.size();
        }
/**
 * Lookup (port,controller) pair corresponding to given legacy pcid.
 *
 * Parameter pcid: The legacy pcid.
 * Returns: The controller index.
 * Throws std::runtime_error: No such controller.
 */
        std::pair<unsigned, unsigned> legacy_pcid_to_pair(unsigned pcid) const throw(std::runtime_error)
        {
                if(pcid >= legacy_pcids.size())
                        throw std::runtime_error("Bad legacy PCID");
                return legacy_pcids[pcid];
        }
private:
        type_set(std::vector<class type*> types, struct index_map control_map);
        size_t* port_offsets;
        class type** port_types;
        unsigned port_count;
        size_t total_size;
        std::vector<index_triple> _indices;
        std::vector<std::pair<unsigned, unsigned>> controllers;
        std::vector<std::pair<unsigned, unsigned>> legacy_pcids;

        size_t port_multiplier;
        size_t controller_multiplier;
        size_t indices_size;
        unsigned* indices_tab;
};

/**
 * Poll counter vector.
 */
class counters
{
public:
/**
 * Create new pollcounter vector filled with all zeroes and all DRDY bits clear.
 *
 * Throws std::bad_alloc: Not enough memory.
 */
        counters() throw(std::bad_alloc);
/**
 * Create new pollcounter vector suitably sized for given type set.
 *
 * Parameter p: The port types.
 * Throws std::bad_alloc: Not enough memory.
 */
        counters(const type_set& p) throw(std::bad_alloc);
/**
 * Destructor.
 */
        ~counters() throw();
/**
 * Copy the counters.
 */
        counters(const counters& v) throw(std::bad_alloc);
/**
 * Assign the counters.
 */
        counters& operator=(const counters& v) throw(std::bad_alloc);
/**
 * Zero all poll counters and clear all DRDY bits. System flag is cleared.
 */
        void clear() throw();
/**
 * Set all DRDY bits.
 */
        void set_all_DRDY() throw();
/**
 * Clear specified DRDY bit.
 *
 * Parameter port: The port.
 * Parameter controller: The controller
 * Parameter ctrl: The control id.
 */
        void clear_DRDY(unsigned port, unsigned controller, unsigned ctrl) throw()
        {
                unsigned i = types->triple_to_index(port, controller, ctrl);
                if(i != 0xFFFFFFFFU)
                        clear_DRDY(i);
        }
/**
 * Clear state of DRDY bit.
 *
 * Parameter idx: The control index.
 */
        void clear_DRDY(unsigned idx) throw();
/**
 * Get state of DRDY bit.
 *
 * Parameter port: The port.
 * Parameter controller: The controller
 * Parameter ctrl: The control id.
 * Returns: The DRDY state.
 */
        bool get_DRDY(unsigned port, unsigned controller, unsigned ctrl) throw()
        {
                unsigned i = types->triple_to_index(port, controller, ctrl);
                if(i != 0xFFFFFFFFU)
                        return get_DRDY(i);
                else
                        return true;
        }
/**
 * Get state of DRDY bit.
 *
 * Parameter idx: The control index.
 * Returns: The DRDY state.
 */
        bool get_DRDY(unsigned idx) throw();
/**
 * Is any poll count nonzero or is system flag set?
 *
 * Returns: True if at least one poll count is nonzero or if system flag is set. False otherwise.
 */
        bool has_polled() throw();
/**
 * Read the actual poll count on specified control.
 *
 * Parameter port: The port.
 * Parameter controller: The controller
 * Parameter ctrl: The control id.
 * Return: The poll count.
 */
        uint32_t get_polls(unsigned port, unsigned controller, unsigned ctrl) throw()
        {
                unsigned i = types->triple_to_index(port, controller, ctrl);
                if(i != 0xFFFFFFFFU)
                        return get_polls(i);
                else
                        return 0;
        }
/**
 * Read the actual poll count on specified control.
 *
 * Parameter idx: The control index.
 * Return: The poll count.
 */
        uint32_t get_polls(unsigned idx) throw();
/**
 * Increment poll count on specified control.
 *
 * Parameter port: The port.
 * Parameter controller: The controller
 * Parameter ctrl: The control id.
 * Return: The poll count pre-increment.
 */
        uint32_t increment_polls(unsigned port, unsigned controller, unsigned ctrl) throw()
        {
                unsigned i = types->triple_to_index(port, controller, ctrl);
                if(i != 0xFFFFFFFFU)
                        return increment_polls(i);
                else
                        return 0;
        }
/**
 * Increment poll count on specified index.
 *
 * Parameter idx: The index.
 * Return: The poll count pre-increment.
 */
        uint32_t increment_polls(unsigned idx) throw();
/**
 * Get highest poll counter value.
 *
 * - System flag counts as 1 poll.
 *
 * Returns: The maximum poll count (at least 1 if system flag is set).
 */
        uint32_t max_polls() throw();
/**
 * Save state to memory block.
 *
 * Parameter mem: The memory block to save to.
 * Throws std::bad_alloc: Not enough memory.
 */
        void save_state(std::vector<uint32_t>& mem) throw(std::bad_alloc);
/**
 * Load state from memory block.
 *
 * Parameter mem: The block from restore from.
 */
        void load_state(const std::vector<uint32_t>& mem) throw();
/**
 * Check if state can be loaded without errors.
 *
 * Returns: True if load is possible, false otherwise.
 */
        bool check(const std::vector<uint32_t>& mem) throw();
/**
 * Set/Clear the frame parameters polled flag.
 */
        void set_framepflag(bool value) throw();
/**
 * Get the frame parameters polled flag.
 */
        bool get_framepflag() const throw();
/**
 * Get raw pollcounter data.
 */
        const uint32_t* rawdata() const throw() { return ctrs; }
private:
        uint32_t* ctrs;
        const type_set* types;
        bool framepflag;
};

class frame_vector;

/**
 * Single (sub)frame of controls.
 */
class frame
{
public:
/**
 * Default constructor. Invalid port types, dedicated memory.
 */
        frame() throw();
/**
 * Create subframe of controls with specified controller types and dedicated memory.
 *
 * Parameter p: Types of ports.
 */
        frame(const type_set& p) throw(std::runtime_error);
/**
 * Create subframe of controls with specified controller types and specified memory.
 *
 * Parameter memory: The backing memory.
 * Parameter p: Types of ports.
 * Parameter host: Host frame vector.
 *
 * Throws std::runtime_error: NULL memory.
 */
        frame(unsigned char* memory, const type_set& p, frame_vector* host = NULL)
                throw(std::runtime_error);
/**
 * Copy construct a frame. The memory will be dedicated.
 *
 * Parameter obj: The object to copy.
 */
        frame(const frame& obj) throw();
/**
 * Assign a frame. The types must either match or memory must be dedicated.
 *
 * Parameter obj: The object to copy.
 * Returns: Reference to this.
 * Throws std::runtime_error: The types don't match and memory is not dedicated.
 */
        frame& operator=(const frame& obj) throw(std::runtime_error);
/**
 * Get type of port.
 *
 * Parameter port: Number of port.
 * Returns: The type of port.
 */
        const type& get_port_type(unsigned port) throw()
        {
                return types->port_type(port);
        }
/**
 * Get port count.
 */
        unsigned get_port_count() throw()
        {
                return types->ports();
        }
/**
 * Get index count.
 */
        unsigned get_index_count() throw()
        {
                return types->indices();
        }
/**
 * Set types of ports.
 *
 * Parameter ptype: New port types.
 * Throws std::runtime_error: Memory is mapped.
 */
        void set_types(const type_set& ptype) throw(std::runtime_error)
        {
                if(memory != backing)
                        throw std::runtime_error("Can't change type of mapped frame");
                types = &ptype;
        }
/**
 * Get blank dedicated frame of same port types.
 *
 * Return blank frame.
 */
        frame blank_frame() throw()
        {
                return frame(*types);
        }
/**
 * Check that types match.
 *
 * Parameter obj: Another object.
 * Returns: True if types match, false otherwise.
 */
        bool types_match(const frame& obj) const throw()
        {
                return types == obj.types;
        }
/**
 * Perform XOR between controller frames.
 *
 * Parameter another: The another object.
 * Returns: The XOR result (dedicated memory).
 * Throws std::runtime_error: Type mismatch.
 */
        frame operator^(const frame& another) throw(std::runtime_error)
        {
                frame x(*this);
                if(types != another.types)
                                throw std::runtime_error("frame::operator^: Type mismatch");
                for(size_t i = 0; i < types->size(); i++)
                        x.backing[i] ^= another.backing[i];
                return x;
        }
/**
 * Set the sync flag.
 *
 * Parameter x: The value to set the sync flag to.
 */
        inline void sync(bool x) throw();
/**
 * Get the sync flag.
 *
 * Return value: Value of sync flag.
 */
        bool sync() throw()
        {
                return ((backing[0] & 1) != 0);
        }
/**
 * Quick get sync flag for buffer.
 */
        static bool sync(const unsigned char* mem) throw()
        {
                return ((mem[0] & 1) != 0);
        }
/**
 * Get size of frame.
 *
 * Returns: The number of bytes it takes to store frame of this type.
 */
        size_t size()
        {
                return types->size();
        }
/**
 * Set axis/button value.
 *
 * Parameter port: The port.
 * Parameter controller: The controller
 * Parameter ctrl: The control id.
 * Parameter x: The new value.
 */
        void axis3(unsigned port, unsigned controller, unsigned ctrl, short x) throw()
        {
                if(port >= types->ports())
                        return;
                auto& t = types->port_type(port);
                if(!port && !controller && !ctrl && host)
                        sync(x != 0);
                else
                        t.write(&t, backing + types->port_offset(port), controller, ctrl, x);
        }
/**
 * Set axis/button value.
 *
 * Parameter idx: Control index.
 * Parameter x: The new value.
 */
        void axis2(unsigned idx, short x) throw()
        {
                index_triple t = types->index_to_triple(idx);
                if(t.valid)
                        axis3(t.port, t.controller, t.control, x);
        }
/**
 * Get axis/button value.
 *
 * Parameter port: The port.
 * Parameter controller: The controller
 * Parameter ctrl: The control id.
 * Return value: The axis value.
 */
        short axis3(unsigned port, unsigned controller, unsigned ctrl) throw()
        {
                if(port >= types->ports())
                        return 0;
                auto& t = types->port_type(port);
                return t.read(&t, backing + types->port_offset(port), controller, ctrl);
        }

/**
 * Get axis/button value.
 *
 * Parameter idx: Index of control.
 * Return value: The axis value.
 */
        short axis2(unsigned idx) throw()
        {
                index_triple t = types->index_to_triple(idx);
                if(t.valid)
                        return axis3(t.port, t.controller, t.control);
                else
                        return 0;
        }
/**
 * Get controller display.
 *
 * Parameter port: The port.
 * Parameter controller: The controller
 * Parameter buf: Buffer to write nul-terminated display to.
 */
        void display(unsigned port, unsigned controller, char32_t* buf) throw();
/**
 * Is device present?
 *
 * Parameter port: The port.
 * Parameter controller: The controller
 * Returns: True if present, false if not.
 */
        bool is_present(unsigned port, unsigned controller) throw()
        {
                if(port >= types->ports())
                        return false;
                return types->port_type(port).is_present(controller);
        }
/**
 * Deserialize frame from text format.
 *
 * Parameter buf: The buffer containing text representation. Terminated by NUL, CR or LF.
 * Throws std::runtime_error: Bad serialized representation.
 */
        inline void deserialize(const char* buf) throw(std::runtime_error);
/**
 * Serialize frame to text format.
 *
 * Parameter buf: The buffer to write NUL-terminated text representation to.
 */
        void serialize(char* buf) throw()
        {
                size_t offset = 0;
                for(size_t i = 0; i < types->ports(); i++) {
                        auto& t = types->port_type(i);
                        offset += t.serialize(&t, backing + types->port_offset(i), buf + offset);
                }
                buf[offset++] = '\0';
        }
/**
 * Return copy with dedicated memory.
 *
 * Parameter sync: If set, the frame will have sync flag set, otherwise it will have sync flag clear.
 * Returns: Copy of this frame.
 */
        frame copy(bool sync)
        {
                frame c(*this);
                c.sync(sync);
                return c;
        }
/**
 * Compare two frames.
 *
 * Parameter obj: Another frame.
 * Returns: True if equal, false if not.
 */
        bool operator==(const frame& obj) const throw()
        {
                if(!types_match(obj))
                        return false;
                return !memcmp(backing, obj.backing, types->size());
        }
/**
 * Compare two frames.
 *
 * Parameter obj: Another frame.
 * Returns: True if not equal, false if equal.
 */
        bool operator!=(const frame& obj) const throw()
        {
                return !(*this == obj);
        }
/**
 * Get the port type set.
 */
        const type_set& porttypes()
        {
                return *types;
        }
private:
        unsigned char memory[MAXIMUM_CONTROLLER_FRAME_SIZE];
        unsigned char* backing;
        frame_vector* host;
        const type_set* types;
};

/**
 * Vector of controller frames.
 */
class frame_vector
{
public:
/**
 * Framecount change listener.
 */
        class fchange_listener
        {
        public:
/**
 * Destructor.
 */
                virtual ~fchange_listener();
/**
 * Notify a change.
 */
                virtual void notify(frame_vector& src, uint64_t old) = 0;
        };
/**
 * Construct new controller frame vector.
 */
        frame_vector() throw();
/**
 * Construct new controller frame vector.
 *
 * Parameter p: The port types.
 */
        frame_vector(const type_set& p) throw();
/**
 * Destroy controller frame vector
 */
        ~frame_vector() throw();
/**
 * Copy controller frame vector.
 *
 * Parameter obj: The object to copy.
 * Throws std::bad_alloc: Not enough memory.
 */
        frame_vector(const frame_vector& vector) throw(std::bad_alloc);
/**
 * Assign controller frame vector.
 *
 * Parameter obj: The object to copy.
 * Returns: Reference to this.
 * Throws std::bad_alloc: Not enough memory.
 */
        frame_vector& operator=(const frame_vector& vector) throw(std::bad_alloc);
/**
 * Blank vector and change the type of ports.
 *
 * Parameter p: The port types.
 */
        void clear(const type_set& p) throw(std::runtime_error);
/**
 * Blank vector.
 */
        void clear() throw()
        {
                clear(*types);
        }
/**
 * Get number of subframes.
 */
        size_t size() const
        {
                return frames;
        }
/**
 * Get the typeset.
 */
        const type_set& get_types()
        {
                return *types;
        }
/**
 * Access specified subframe.
 *
 * Parameter x: The frame number.
 * Returns: The controller frame.
 * Throws std::runtime_error: Invalid frame index.
 */
        frame operator[](size_t x)
        {
                size_t page = x / frames_per_page;
                size_t pageoffset = frame_size * (x % frames_per_page);
                if(x >= frames)
                        throw std::runtime_error("frame_vector::operator[]: Illegal index");
                if(page != cache_page_num) {
                        cache_page = &pages[page];
                        cache_page_num = page;
                }
                return frame(cache_page->content + pageoffset, *types, this);
        }
/**
 * Append a subframe.
 *
 * Parameter frame: The frame to append.
 * Throws std::bad_alloc: Not enough memory.
 * Throws std::runtime_error: Port type mismatch.
 */
        void append(frame frame) throw(std::bad_alloc, std::runtime_error);
/**
 * Change length of vector.
 *
 * - Reducing length of vector will discard extra elements.
 * - Extending length of vector will add all-zero elements.
 *
 * Parameter newsize: New size of vector.
 * Throws std::bad_alloc: Not enough memory.
 */
        void resize(size_t newsize) throw(std::bad_alloc);
/**
 * Walk the indexes of sync subframes.
 *
 * - If frame is in range and there is at least one more sync subframe after it, the index of first sync subframe
 *   after given frame.
 * - If frame is in range, but there are no more sync subframes after it, the length of vector is returned.
 * - If frame is out of range, the given frame is returned.
 *
 * Parameter frame: The frame number to start search from.
 * Returns: Index of next sync frame.
 */
        size_t walk_sync(size_t frame) throw()
        {
                return walk_helper(frame, true);
        }
/**
 * Get number of subframes in frame. The given subframe is assumed to be sync subframe.
 *
 * - The return value is the same as (walk_sync(frame) - frame).
 *
 * Parameter frame: The frame number to start search from.
 * Returns: Number of subframes in this frame.
 */
        size_t subframe_count(size_t frame) throw()
        {
                return walk_helper(frame, false);
        }
/**
 * Count number of subframes in vector with sync flag set.
 *
 * Returns: The number of frames.
 */
        size_t count_frames() throw() { return real_frame_count; }
/**
 * Recount number of frames.
 *
 * This is to be used after direct editing of pointers obtained by get_page_buffer().
 *
 * Returns: The number of frames.
 */
        size_t recount_frames() throw();
/**
 * Return blank controller frame with correct type and dedicated memory.
 *
 * Parameter sync: If set, the frame will have sync flag set, otherwise it will have sync flag clear.
 * Returns: Blank frame.
 */
        frame blank_frame(bool sync)
        {
                frame c(*types);
                c.sync(sync);
                return c;
        }
/**
 * Return number of pages in movie.
 */
        size_t get_page_count() const { return pages.size(); }
/**
 * Return the stride.
 */
        size_t get_stride() const { return frame_size; }
/**
 * Return number of frames per page.
 */
        size_t get_frames_per_page() const { return frames_per_page; }
/**
 * Get content of given page.
 */
        unsigned char* get_page_buffer(size_t page) { return pages[page].content; }
/**
 * Get content of given page.
 */
        const unsigned char* get_page_buffer(size_t page) const { return pages.find(page)->second.content; }
/**
 * Get binary save size.
 *
 * Returns: The number of bytes for binary save.
 */
        uint64_t binary_size() const throw();
/**
 * Save in binary form.
 *
 * Parameter stream: The stream to save to.
 * Throws std::runtime_error: Error saving.
 */
        void save_binary(binarystream::output& stream) const throw(std::runtime_error);
/**
 * Load from binary form. May partially overwrite on failure.
 *
 * Parameter stream: The stream to load from.
 * Throws std::bad_alloc: Not enough memory.
 * Throws std::runtime_error: Error saving.
 */
        void load_binary(binarystream::input& stream) throw(std::bad_alloc, std::runtime_error);
/**
 * Check that the movies are compatible up to a point.
 *
 * Parameter with: The 2nd frame vector to check.
 * Parameter frame: The frame number (1-based) to check to.
 * Parameter polls: The poll counters within frame to check to.
 * Returns: True if compatible, false if not.
 */
        bool compatible(frame_vector& with, uint64_t frame, const uint32_t* polls);
/**
 * Find subframe number corresponding to given frame (1-based).
 */
        int64_t find_frame(uint64_t n);
/**
 * Notify sync flag polarity change.
 *
 * Parameter polarity: 1 if positive edge, -1 if negative edge. 0 is ignored.
 */
        void notify_sync_change(short polarity) {
                uint64_t old_frame_count = real_frame_count;
                real_frame_count = real_frame_count + polarity;
                if(!freeze_count) call_framecount_notification(old_frame_count);
        }
/**
 * Set where to deliver frame count change notifications to.
 *
 * Parameter cb: Callback to register.
 * Returns: Handle for callback.
 */
        void set_framecount_notification(fchange_listener& cb)
        {
                threads::alock h(mlock);
                on_framecount_change.insert(&cb);
        }
/**
 * Clear framecount change notification.
 *
 * Parameter handle: Handle to clear.
 */
        void clear_framecount_notification(fchange_listener& cb)
        {
                threads::alock h(mlock);
                on_framecount_change.erase(&cb);
        }
/**
 * Call framecount change notification.
 */
        void call_framecount_notification(uint64_t oldcount)
        {
                std::set<fchange_listener*> tmp;
                {
                        threads::alock h(mlock);
                        tmp = on_framecount_change;
                }
                for(auto i : tmp)
                        try { i->notify(*this, oldcount); } catch(...) {}
        }
/**
 * Swap frame data.
 *
 * Only the frame data is swapped, not the notifications.
 */
        void swap_data(frame_vector& v) throw();

/**
 * Freeze framecount notifications.
 */
        struct notify_freeze
        {
                notify_freeze(frame_vector& parent)
                        : frozen(parent)
                {
                        frozen.freeze_count++;
                        if(frozen.freeze_count == 1)
                                frozen.frame_count_at_freeze = frozen.real_frame_count;
                }
                ~notify_freeze()
                {
                        frozen.freeze_count--;
                        if(frozen.freeze_count == 0)
                                frozen.call_framecount_notification(frozen.frame_count_at_freeze);
                }
        private:
                notify_freeze(const notify_freeze&);
                notify_freeze& operator=(const notify_freeze&);
                frame_vector& frozen;
        };
private:
        friend class notify_freeze;
        class page
        {
        public:
                page() { memset(content, 0, CONTROLLER_PAGE_SIZE); }
                unsigned char content[CONTROLLER_PAGE_SIZE];
        };
        size_t frames_per_page;
        size_t frame_size;
        size_t frames;
        const type_set* types;
        size_t cache_page_num;
        page* cache_page;
        std::map<size_t, page> pages;
        uint64_t real_frame_count;
        uint64_t frame_count_at_freeze;
        size_t freeze_count;
        std::set<fchange_listener*> on_framecount_change;
        size_t walk_helper(size_t frame, bool sflag) throw();
        threads::lock mlock;
        void clear_cache()
        {
                cache_page_num = 0;
                cache_page_num--;
                cache_page = NULL;
        }
};

void frame::sync(bool x) throw()
{
        short old = (backing[0] & 1);
        if(x)
                backing[0] |= 1;
        else
                backing[0] &= ~1;
        if(host) host->notify_sync_change((backing[0] & 1) - old);
}

void frame::deserialize(const char* buf) throw(std::runtime_error)
{
        short old = sync();
        size_t offset = 0;
        for(size_t i = 0; i < types->ports(); i++) {
                size_t s;
                auto& t = types->port_type(i);
                s = t.deserialize(&t, backing + types->port_offset(i), buf + offset);
                if(s != DESERIALIZE_SPECIAL_BLANK) {
                        offset += s;
                        while(is_nonterminator(buf[offset]))
                                offset++;
                        if(buf[offset] == '|')
                                offset++;
                }
        }
        if(host) host->notify_sync_change(sync() - old);
}


//Parse a controller macro.
struct macro_data
{
        struct axis_transform
        {
                axis_transform() { coeffs[0] = coeffs[3] = 1; coeffs[1] = coeffs[2] = coeffs[4] = coeffs[5] = 0; }
                axis_transform(const std::string& expr);
                double coeffs[6];
                int16_t transform(const button& b, int16_t v);
                std::pair<int16_t, int16_t> transform(const button& b1,
                        const button& b2, int16_t v1, int16_t v2);
                static double unscale_axis(const button& b, int16_t v);
                static int16_t scale_axis(const button& b, double v);
        };
        enum apply_mode
        {
                AM_OVERWRITE,
                AM_OR,
                AM_XOR
        };
        macro_data() { buttons = 0; }
        macro_data(const std::string& spec, const JSON::node& desc, unsigned i);
        macro_data(const JSON::node& ser, unsigned i);
        void serialize(JSON::node& v);
        static JSON::node make_descriptor(const controller& ctrl);
        const JSON::node& get_descriptor() { return _descriptor; }
        static bool syntax_check(const std::string& spec, const JSON::node& ctrl);
        void write(frame& frame, unsigned port, unsigned controller, int64_t nframe, apply_mode amode);
        std::string dump(const controller& ctrl); //Mainly for debugging.
        size_t get_frames() { return data.size() / get_stride(); }
        size_t get_stride() { return buttons; }
        size_t buttons;
        std::vector<unsigned char> data;
        std::vector<std::pair<unsigned, unsigned>> aaxes;
        std::vector<unsigned> btnmap;
        std::vector<axis_transform> adata;
        std::string orig;
        JSON::node _descriptor;
        bool enabled;
        bool autoterminate;
};

struct macro
{
        macro_data::apply_mode amode;
        std::map<unsigned, macro_data> macros;
        void write(frame& frame, int64_t nframe);
        macro() { amode = macro_data::AM_XOR; }
        macro(const JSON::node& ser);
        JSON::node serialize();
};


/**
 * Get generic default system port type.
 */
type& get_default_system_port_type();
}

#endif