3 .\" Copyright (c) 2010, 2011 Marco Peereboom <marco@peereboom.us>
4 .\" Copyright (c) 2011 Jason McIntyre <jmc@openbsd.org>
6 .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
7 .\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
8 .\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
10 .\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
11 .\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
12 .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
13 .\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
14 .\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
15 .\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
16 .\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
23 .Nd lightweight web browser
29 .Op Fl s Ar session_name
34 is a minimalistic web browser that tries to stay out of the way so that
35 valuable screen real estate can be used for much more important stuff.
36 It has sane defaults and does not require one to learn a language to do any
38 It was written by hackers for hackers
39 and it strives to be small, compact, and fast.
42 is very simple in its use.
43 Most actions are initiated via key or mouse bindings.
44 Key bindings are based on those of the
47 giving web browsing a similar feel to navigating a text document.
50 section below documents the various defaults and possible customizations.
52 The options are as follows:
55 Specify an alternative configuration file.
57 Open a new tab in a running
59 for each specified URL.
64 Execute arbitrary command (see the
66 section below) in a running
68 instance. This option requires
70 to be enabled. Example run: xxxterm -e "tabnew openbsd.org"; xxxterm -e
71 tabclose; xxxterm -e wq.
74 .It Fl s Ar session_name
75 Open session that was saved with ":session save" command.
77 Disable visualization of tabs.
81 Display version and exit.
84 The following notation is used throughout this page:
86 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
92 Meta 1 (sometimes marked Alt)
98 Meta 4 (sometimes marked Windows)
105 To browse to a specific address,
106 either use the mouse to click on the address bar
109 to shift the keyboard focus to the address bar.
110 The address is then entered manually.
112 The mouse can be used to navigate the page in the traditional manner,
113 or the keyboard can be used instead.
118 will scroll up and down the page.
121 either click on it or use the
125 assign numbers to each link on the page;
126 entering that number on the keyboard will prompt
131 provides many actions accessed via key or mouse bindings.
132 Most can be reprogrammed using a
134 entry in the configuration file.
135 Each keyboard shortcut requires exactly one entry in the configuration file.
136 A shortcut can have multiple entries in the configuration file.
137 The format of the keybinding entry is as follows:
139 .D1 keybinding = action,(!)keystroke(s)
141 For example, "keybinding = tabnew,C-t" where
147 GTK has some default keybindings for manipulating text inside input
148 fields, such as the URI or search entry widget, for example
150 deletes a word. To override these defaults prefix your key with an
151 exclamation mark, like this: "keybinding = tabclose,!C-w".
154 key word is special and is meant to reset the key binding list to the GTK+
156 This keyword should be the first
158 entry in the configuration file.
160 Shift should be used sparingly since it gets in the way of non-USA keyboards.
161 See the accompanying configuration file for examples.
163 The various bindings are documented below.
164 The relevant keybinding action is given afterwards, in parentheses.
166 These commands are used to search for text strings within a web page.
168 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
173 Start a backwards search
176 Next item matching search
179 Previous item matching search
183 These commands are used to shift the focus of
185 from one area to another.
187 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
192 Focus on search entry
196 These commands allow the user to map specific actions to specific keys.
197 It can be useful when the
201 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
205 Alias for ":toplevel toggle"
210 Alias for ":open current-uri"
211 .Pq Cm promptopencurrent
216 Alias for ":tabnew current-uri"
217 .Pq Cm prompttabnewcurrent
219 .Ss Navigation Commands
220 These commands allow the user to navigate web pages and,
224 .Bl -tag -width "Space, C-f, PageDownXXX" -offset indent -compact
229 Reload page without using any cached data
231 .It Cm Backspace, M-Left
234 .It Cm S-BackSpace, M-Right
241 Previous line on page
249 .It Cm Space, C-f, PageDown
251 .Pq Cm scrollpagedown
263 .Pq Cm scrollfarright
283 Toggle Java Script enabled for FQDN
289 Toggle cookie enabled for FQDN
294 supports tabbed browsing.
295 That is, web pages may be opened in separate tabs,
296 allowing the user to quickly move from one page to another,
298 These commands then are used to create, destroy, and move between tabs.
300 .Bl -tag -width "C-plus, C-equalXXX" -offset indent -compact
302 Open new tab with the clicked link
304 Create new tab with focus in URL entry
313 Go to the previous tab
321 .Pq Cm tabnext [1..0]
323 Shrink font size by one point
325 .It Cm C-plus, C-equal
326 Grow font size by one point
329 .Ss Yanking and pasting
330 These commands copy and paste text to and from the clipboard.
332 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
334 Paste the contents of the clipboard into the address bar
337 Paste the contents of the clipboard into a new tab
340 Yank the current URL into the clipboard
343 .Ss Hyperlink Following
344 This allows the user to follow hyperlinks
345 without using a mouse.
346 Enter the corresponding number to follow the link.
347 Alternatively one can type the name of the link and when there are no more
350 will follow the link.
352 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
354 Highlight all links and prefix them with a number.
358 Commands to exit the browser.
360 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
365 .Ss Low-Contrast Color Scheme
366 This command toggles the page's style between the default CSS and a
367 low-contrast color scheme with light grey text on a dark grey background.
369 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
371 Toggle the current tab's style.
375 Command mode works in a similar fashion to the
378 it is entered by typing a colon and exited by typing Esc.
379 The commands and their descriptions are listed below.
380 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent
381 .It Cm about , version
382 Show the "About" page.
383 .It Cm buffers , ls , tabs
384 Displays the currently open tabs and lets the user switch tab by typing
385 the tab number or using the mouse.
387 Display CA certificates.
388 .It Cm cert , cert show
389 Download and display certificates of domain on tab.
391 Save certificate into a local store.
392 The next time the site is visited it is compared against the store.
393 If the certificate matches,
394 the address bar will be blue;
395 if it doesn't the bar will be red.
399 command is used to manipulate the cookie whitelist.
400 Used by itself it expands to
401 .Cm cookie show all .
403 Show cookie jar contents.
404 .It Cm cookie save, cookie save fqdn
405 Save the current fully qualified domain name (FQDN)
406 to the persistent whitelist.
408 the www.peereboom.us domain would result in saving .www.peereboom.us.
409 .It Cm cookie save domain
410 Save the top level domain name to the persistent whitelist.
412 the www.peereboom.us domain would result in saving .peereboom.us.
414 This action enables cookies if it is currently disabled for this entry.
415 .It Cm cookie show all
416 Show all persistent and session entries in the cookie whitelist.
417 .It Cm cookie show persistent
418 Show all persistent entries in the cookie whitelist.
419 .It Cm cookie show session
420 Show all session entries in the cookie whitelist.
421 .It Cm cookie toggle domain
422 Toggle cookie support for the current top level domain.
423 .It Cm cookie toggle, cookie toggle fqdn
424 Toggle cookie support for the current FQDN.
426 Show download manager.
430 Add the current page to favorites.
431 .It Cm fullscreen , f
432 Toggle hiding tabs and url entry toolbar.
433 .It Cm h , hist , history
442 command is used to manipulate the Java Script whitelist.
443 Used by itself it expands to
445 .It Cm js save, save fqdn
446 Saves the FQDN to the persistent whitelist.
448 the www.peereboom.us domain would result in saving .www.peereboom.us.
449 .It Cm js save domain
450 Saves the top level domain name to the persistent whitelist.
452 the www.peereboom.us domain would result in saving .peereboom.us.
454 This action enables Java Script if it is currently disabled for this entry.
456 Shows all persistent and session entries in the JS whitelist.
457 .It Cm js show persistent
458 Shows all persistent entries in the JS whitelist.
459 .It Cm js show session
460 Shows all session entries in the JS whitelist.
461 .It Cm js toggle, js toggle fqdn
462 Toggle Java Script execution for the current FQDN.
463 .It Cm js toggle domain
464 Toggle Java Script execution for the current top level domain.
465 .It Cm open , op , o URL
469 .It Cm qa , qall , quitall
473 Close current tab and quit
475 if it is the last tab.
479 and reload all current tabs.
480 .It Cm run_script [path_to_script]
481 Runs the script path_to_script with the current uri as the argument.
482 If path_to_script is not provided, the value of default_script is used
484 .It Cm session , Cm session show
485 Display the current session name.
486 By default the session name is main_session.
487 To create a new session use the
490 A session is defined as the lifetime of the browser application.
491 .It Cm session delete <session_name>
492 Delete session session_name from persistent storage.
493 If session_name is the current session then the session will revert to
495 .It Cm session open <session_name>
496 Open session_name and close all currently open tabs.
497 Going forward this session is named session_name.
498 .It Cm session save <session_name>
499 Save current tabs to session_name session.
500 This will close the current session and going forward this session is named
503 Show blocked cookie statistics.
504 These statistics vary based on settings and are not persistent.
505 .It Cm statustoggle , statust
507 .It Cm tabclose , tabc
511 .It Cm tabnew , tabedit , tabe URL
512 Create new tab and optionally open provided URL.
513 .It Cm tabnext , tabn
515 .It Cm tabprevious , tabp
516 Go to the previous tab.
519 .It Cm toplevel , toplevel toggle
520 Toggle the top level domain name cookie and JS session whitelist.
521 This is to enable/disable short lived full site functionality without
522 permanently adding the top level domain to the persistent whitelist.
523 .It Cm urlhide , urlh
524 Hide url entry and tool bar.
525 .It Cm urlshow , urls
526 Show url entry and tool bar.
528 Save open tabs to current session.
529 The tabs will be restored next time
531 the session is opened.
532 See the session command for additional details.
534 Save open tabs and quit.
535 The tabs will be restored next time
537 the session is opened.
538 See the session command for additional details.
541 The about screens are internally generated web pages by
543 for user interaction.
544 These are entered in the address bar and the format is
546 where screen is the desired screen to display.
547 For example about:favorites.
548 Any about screen can be used as the home page as specified by
550 in the configuration file.
552 .Bl -tag -width "downloadsXXX" -offset indent -compact
554 show the about screen
558 show the cookie whitelist screen
560 show the cookiejar screen
562 show the downloads screen
564 show the favorites screen
566 show the help web page
568 show the history screen
570 show the Java Script whitelist screen
572 show the settings screen
574 show the statistics screen
577 This section descibes advanced usage settings.
578 Most users should use
582 and skip over this section.
585 has a number of whitelists to control blocking cookies and Java Script
586 execution for FQDNs or domains.
587 When properly enabled these whitelists require either the FQDN or top level
588 domain to exist in the whitelists in order to allow cookies to be stored or
589 Java Script to execute.
590 Both Java Script and cookies have two whitelists associated with them.
591 The whitelists are called session and persistent.
592 Items in the session whitelists are only allowed for the lifetime of the
595 Items in the persistent whitelists are stored on disk and are restored
598 Setting up the whitelists is a little tricky due to intricacies of WebKit.
599 In fact the semantics are different for cookies and Java Script.
601 Cookie whitelist requires the following configuration to be set:
603 .Bl -tag -width "enable_cookie_whitelistXXX" -offset indent -compact
604 .It Cm cookies_enabled
605 This is a WebKit setting and must be set to
608 in order to be able to use a
610 .It Cm enable_cookie_whitelist
611 This needs to be set to
613 to enable the cookie whitelist functionality.
615 These entries in the configuration file are the actual domains names in the
619 Java Script whitelist requires the following configuration to be set:
621 .Bl -tag -width "enable_js_whitelistXXX" -offset indent -compact
622 .It Cm enable_scripts
623 This is a WebKit setting and must be set to
626 in order to be able to use a
627 Java Script whitelist.
628 .It Cm enable_js_whitelist
629 This needs to be set to
631 to enable the Java Script whitelist functionality.
633 These entries in the configuration file are the actual domains names in the
634 Java Script whitelist.
639 section for additional configuration file entries and details
640 that alter runtime behavior.
642 .Bl -tag -width "/etc/xxxterm.confXXX" -compact
643 .It Pa ~/.xxxterm.conf
645 user specific settings.
652 tries to open the user specific file,
653 .Pa ~/.xxxterm.conf .
654 If that file is unavailable,
655 it then uses built-in defaults.
657 The format of the file is \*(Ltkeyword\*(Gt = \*(Ltsetting\*(Gt.
660 .Dl http_proxy = http://127.0.0.1:8080
662 Enabling or disabling an option is done by using 1 or 0 respectively.
664 The file supports the following keywords:
666 .Bl -tag -width "enable_cookie_whitelistXXX" -offset indent -compact
668 Defines an alias for a given URL, so that the URL is loaded when the alias is
669 entered in the address bar.
670 If the aliased URL includes a %s format specifier, then any argument given after
671 the alias on the address bar is substituted.
672 For example, if g,http://www.google.com/search?q=%s is defined as an alias,
673 then the URL http://www.google.com/search?q=foo is loaded when navigating to
675 .It Cm allow_volatile_cookies
676 If set cookies are stored in the session cache but will be discarded once
679 Unfortunately enabling this does allow for some limited tracking on the web.
681 When set a new tab is appended after the current tab instead of being appended
686 browser has 3 default operating modes:
694 mode the browser allows all cookies and Java Script as any other browser
696 This means that all cookies are saved to persistent storage and that all
699 On the other hand, using the
701 mode enables whitelists.
702 This requires the user to add all the required
707 If a domain does not appear in the whitelists
709 disallows cookies and Java Script execution.
713 mode the browse works just like
715 mode however the toolbar only has the backward, forward and home button.
717 This setting must be the first entry in
719 because it sets advanced settings that can be overridden later in the file.
720 See the default config file for more details.
722 Set the command prompt font.
724 .Pa cmd_font = monospace normal 9 .
726 This field delineates the cookie policy.
727 Possible values are: no3rdparty, reject 3rd party cookies.
728 accept, accept all cookies.
729 reject, reject all cookies.
731 This is a cookie whitelist item.
732 Use multiple times to add multiple entries.
733 Valid entries are for example *.moo.com and the equivalent .moo.com.
734 A fully qualified host is also valid and is for example www.moo.com.
735 .It Cm cookies_enabled
737 .It Cm ctrl_click_focus
738 Give focus in newly created tab instead of opening it in the background.
739 .It Cm default_font_size
740 Set the default browsing font size.
741 .It Cm default_script
742 Path to the script used as the default value for the run_script
744 .It Cm default_zoom_level
745 Set the default browsing zoom level.
747 Locations where files are downloaded to.
748 This directory must exist and
750 validates that during startup.
751 .It Cm enable_cookie_whitelist
752 When enabled all cookies must be in the whitelist or they are rejected.
753 .It Cm enable_js_whitelist
754 When enabled all domains must be in the js whitelist in order to run Java Script.
758 .It Cm enable_plugins
760 .It Cm enable_scripts
763 When enabled the first instance of
765 will create a socket in the
768 Using the -n url option on subsequent
770 invocations will cause the specified URL to be loaded in a new tab.
771 Only a user with identical UID and GID can use this option.
772 .It Cm enable_localstorage
773 Enable html5 Local Storage.
774 .It Cm enable_spell_checking
775 Enables spell checking. Preferred languages can be set using
776 .Cm spell_check_languages
779 Enables a backward, forward, and stop button to the toolbar.
782 is set it'll enable an entry box for searches.
786 will try to guess if the string you entered, in the URI entry widget or
787 the command widget, is term you want to search for using search_string
789 If the string does not contain a dot nor a slash, is not a
790 path to a local file and does not resolves to an IP then it is assumed
793 Homepage in URL format.
795 Proxy server in URL format.
799 if it is specified as an environment variable.
800 It must be noted that one MUST use an IP address and not a FQDN.
802 If one desires to use a socks proxy then an intermediary tool must be used.
803 It has been reported that tsocks works with
806 Permits icon sizes to be changed if
809 Size 1 is small; 2 is normal; 3 through 6 are progressively larger.
811 This is a Java Script whitelist item.
814 for semantics and more details.
815 .It Cm max_connections
816 The maximum number of connections that
819 .It Cm max_host_connections
820 The maximum number of connections that
822 can open at once to a given host.
824 Sets an action for a specific or default MIME type.
825 For example, to download and view a pdf using kpdf set
826 .Pa mime_type = application/pdf,kpdf .
827 To set a default value use *, for example,
828 .Pa mime_type = video/*,mplayer .
829 Note that the action is only passed the URL and not all applications are
830 capable of dealing with a URL and therefore one might have to create a wrapper
831 script to download the content first. Alternatively one can add the
833 in front of the MIME type to indicate "download first".
835 .Pa mime_type = @application/pdf,xpdf .
838 is use the file will be downloaded to the
840 before the MIME handler is called.
842 Set the font used to display error messages.
844 .Pa oops_font = monospace normal 9 .
845 .It Cm read_only_cookies
846 Mark cookies file read-only and discard all cookies once the session is
848 .It Cm refresh_interval
849 Refresh interval while in the download manager.
852 Directory that contains various
854 resources such as icons.
855 This is OS-specific and should be handled by the porter.
856 .It Cm save_global_history
857 If set the global history will be saved to
858 .Pa ~/.xxxterm/history
860 and restored at startup.
863 section above for how the global history is accessed.
864 Global history is not saved to disk by default.
865 .It Cm save_rejected_cookies
866 Saves rejected cookies in cookie format in {work_dir}/rejected.txt.
867 All cookies are saved and unlike a cookie jar they are never replaced.
868 Make sure there is enough disk space to enable this feature.
870 Default search engine string.
874 .It Cm session_autosave
875 Enable session auto-saving when changing state (e.g. adding or removing a tab).
876 The session name is what is currently in use and is described in the
881 .It Cm session_timeout
882 This value is the time that is added in seconds to a session cookie.
884 Enable or disable showing tabs.
886 Enable or disable showing the url and toolbar.
887 .It Cm show_statusbar
888 Enable or disable showing the status bar.
889 .It Cm single_instance
892 will be permitted to run.
893 If there is a URL specified it will be opened in a new tab in the already
897 .It Cm spell_check_languages
898 The languages to be used for spell checking, separated by commas. For example, en_US.
900 If set to a valid PEM file
901 all server certificates will be validated against it.
902 The URL bar will be colored green when the certificate is trusted
903 and yellow when untrusted.
907 is not set then the URL bar will color all HTTPS connections red.
908 .It Cm ssl_strict_certs
909 If this value is set connections to untrusted sites will be aborted.
910 This value is only used if
913 .It Cm statusbar_font
914 Set the status bar font.
916 .Pa statusbar_font = monospace normal 9 .
918 Set the tab style to either
920 - the default gtk notebook tabs, or
923 You can switch the tab style with the
927 Set the compact tab bar font.
929 .Pa tabbar_font = monospace normal 9 .
931 Set to override the default
935 Set the default height of the browser window.
937 Set the default width of the browser window.
939 Set the work directory where all
941 scratch files are stored.
947 was inspired by vimprobable2 and the bloat in other
954 .An Marco Peereboom Aq marco@peereboom.us ,
955 .An Stevan Andjelkovic Aq stevan@student.chalmers.se ,
956 .An Edd Barrett Aq vext01@gmail.com ,
957 .An Todd T. Fries Aq todd@fries.net ,
958 .An Raphael Graf Aq r@undefined.ch ,
960 .An Michal Mazurek Aq akfaew@jasminek.net .
963 .Cm save_global_history
966 is supposed to, in addition to restoring the global history, color the
967 visited links accordingly; however due to bug #51747 in WebKit this does