3 .\" Copyright (c) 2010, 2011 Marco Peereboom <marco@peereboom.us>
4 .\" Copyright (c) 2011 Jason McIntyre <jmc@openbsd.org>
6 .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
7 .\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
8 .\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
10 .\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
11 .\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
12 .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
13 .\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
14 .\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
15 .\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
16 .\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
23 .Nd lightweight web browser
29 .Op Fl s Ar session_name
34 is a minimalistic web browser that tries to stay out of the way so that
35 valuable screen real estate can be used for much more important stuff.
36 It has sane defaults and does not require one to learn a language to do any
38 It was written by hackers for hackers
39 and it strives to be small, compact, and fast.
42 is very simple in its use.
43 Most actions are initiated via key or mouse bindings.
44 Key bindings are based on those of the
47 giving web browsing a similar feel to navigating a text document.
50 section below documents the various defaults and possible customizations.
52 The options are as follows:
55 Specify an alternative configuration file.
57 Open a new tab in a running
59 for each specified URL.
64 Execute arbitrary command (see the
66 section below) in a running
68 instance. This option requires
70 to be enabled. Example run: xxxterm -e "tabnew openbsd.org"; xxxterm -e
71 tabclose; xxxterm -e wq.
74 .It Fl s Ar session_name
75 Open session that was saved with ":session save" command.
77 Disable visualization of tabs.
81 Display version and exit.
84 The following notation is used throughout this page:
86 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
92 Meta 1 (sometimes marked Alt)
98 Meta 4 (sometimes marked Windows)
105 To browse to a specific address,
106 either use the mouse to click on the address bar
109 to shift the keyboard focus to the address bar.
110 The address is then entered manually.
112 The mouse can be used to navigate the page in the traditional manner,
113 or the keyboard can be used instead.
118 will scroll up and down the page.
121 either click on it or use the
125 assign numbers to each link on the page;
126 entering that number on the keyboard will prompt
131 provides many actions accessed via key or mouse bindings.
132 Most can be reprogrammed using a
134 entry in the configuration file.
135 Each keyboard shortcut requires exactly one entry in the configuration file.
136 A shortcut can have multiple entries in the configuration file.
137 The format of the keybinding entry is as follows:
139 .D1 keybinding = action,(!)keystroke(s)
141 For example, "keybinding = tabnew,C-t" where
147 GTK has some default keybindings for manipulating text inside input
148 fields, such as the URI or search entry widget, for example
150 deletes a word. To override these defaults prefix your key with an
151 exclamation mark, like this: "keybinding = tabclose,!C-w".
154 key word is special and is meant to reset the key binding list to the GTK+
156 This keyword should be the first
158 entry in the configuration file.
160 Shift should be used sparingly since it gets in the way of non-USA keyboards.
161 See the accompanying configuration file for examples.
163 The various bindings are documented below.
164 The relevant keybinding action is given afterwards, in parentheses.
166 These commands are used to search for text strings within a web page.
168 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
173 Start a backwards search
176 Next item matching search
179 Previous item matching search
183 These commands are used to shift the focus of
185 from one area to another.
187 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
192 Focus on search entry
196 These commands allow the user to map specific actions to specific keys.
197 It can be useful when the
201 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
206 Alias for ":open current-uri"
207 .Pq Cm promptopencurrent
212 Alias for ":tabnew current-uri"
213 .Pq Cm prompttabnewcurrent
215 .Ss Navigation Commands
216 These commands allow the user to navigate web pages and,
220 .Bl -tag -width "Space, C-f, PageDownXXX" -offset indent -compact
225 Reload page without using any cached data
227 .It Cm Backspace, M-Left
230 .It Cm S-BackSpace, M-Right
237 Previous line on page
245 .It Cm Space, C-f, PageDown
247 .Pq Cm scrollpagedown
259 .Pq Cm scrollfarright
279 Toggle Java Script enabled for FQDN
285 Toggle cookie enabled for FQDN
290 supports tabbed browsing.
291 That is, web pages may be opened in separate tabs,
292 allowing the user to quickly move from one page to another,
294 These commands then are used to create, destroy, and move between tabs.
296 .Bl -tag -width "C-plus, C-equalXXX" -offset indent -compact
298 Open new tab with the clicked link
300 Create new tab with focus in URL entry
309 Go to the previous tab
317 .Pq Cm tabnext [1..0]
319 Shrink font size by one point
321 .It Cm C-plus, C-equal
322 Grow font size by one point
325 .Ss Yanking and pasting
326 These commands copy and paste text to and from the clipboard.
328 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
330 Paste the contents of the clipboard into the address bar
333 Paste the contents of the clipboard into a new tab
336 Yank the current URL into the clipboard
339 .Ss Hyperlink Following
340 This allows the user to follow hyperlinks
341 without using a mouse.
342 Enter the corresponding number to follow the link.
343 Alternatively one can type the name of the link and when there are no more
346 will follow the link.
348 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
350 Highlight all links and prefix them with a number.
354 Commands to exit the browser.
356 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
361 .Ss Low-Contrast Color Scheme
362 This command toggles the page's style between the default CSS and a
363 low-contrast color scheme with light grey text on a dark grey background.
365 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
367 Toggle the current tab's style.
371 Command mode works in a similar fashion to the
374 it is entered by typing a colon and exited by typing Esc.
375 The commands and their descriptions are listed below.
376 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent
377 .It Cm about , version
378 Show the "About" page.
380 Display CA certificates.
381 .It Cm cert , cert show
382 Download and display certificates of domain on tab.
384 Save certificate into a local store.
385 The next time the site is visited it is compared against the store.
386 If the certificate matches,
387 the address bar will be blue;
388 if it doesn't the bar will be red.
392 command is used to manipulate the cookie whitelist.
393 Used by itself it expands to
394 .Cm cookie show all .
396 Show cookie jar contents.
397 .It Cm cookie save, cookie save fqdn
398 Save the current fully qualified domain name (FQDN)
399 to the persistent whitelist.
401 the www.peereboom.us domain would result in saving .www.peereboom.us.
402 .It Cm cookie save domain
403 Save the top level domain name to the persistent whitelist.
405 the www.peereboom.us domain would result in saving .peereboom.us.
407 This action enables cookies if it is currently disabled for this entry.
408 .It Cm cookie show all
409 Show all persistent and session entries in the cookie whitelist.
410 .It Cm cookie show persistent
411 Show all persistent entries in the cookie whitelist.
412 .It Cm cookie show session
413 Show all session entries in the cookie whitelist.
414 .It Cm cookie toggle domain
415 Toggle cookie support for the current top level domain.
416 .It Cm cookie toggle, cookie toggle fqdn
417 Toggle cookie support for the current FQDN.
419 Show download manager.
423 Add the current page to favorites.
424 .It Cm fullscreen , f
425 Toggle hiding tabs and url entry toolbar.
426 .It Cm h , hist , history
435 command is used to manipulate the Java Script whitelist.
436 Used by itself it expands to
438 .It Cm js save, save fqdn
439 Saves the FQDN to the persistent whitelist.
441 the www.peereboom.us domain would result in saving .www.peereboom.us.
442 .It Cm js save domain
443 Saves the top level domain name to the persistent whitelist.
445 the www.peereboom.us domain would result in saving .peereboom.us.
447 This action enables Java Script if it is currently disabled for this entry.
449 Shows all persistent and session entries in the JS whitelist.
450 .It Cm js show persistent
451 Shows all persistent entries in the JS whitelist.
452 .It Cm js show session
453 Shows all session entries in the JS whitelist.
454 .It Cm js toggle, js toggle fqdn
455 Toggle Java Script execution for the current FQDN.
456 .It Cm js toggle domain
457 Toggle Java Script execution for the current top level domain.
458 .It Cm open , op , o URL
462 .It Cm qa , qall , quitall
466 Close current tab and quit
468 if it is the last tab.
472 and reload all current tabs.
473 .It Cm session , Cm session show
474 Display the current session name.
475 By default the session name is main_session.
476 To create a new session use the
479 A session is defined as the lifetime of the browser application.
480 .It Cm session delete <session_name>
481 Delete session session_name from persistent storage.
482 If session_name is the current session then the session will revert to
484 .It Cm session open <session_name>
485 Open session_name and close all currently open tabs.
486 Going forward this session is named session_name.
487 .It Cm session save <session_name>
488 Save current tabs to session_name session.
489 This will close the current session and going forward this session is named
492 Show blocked cookie statistics.
493 These statistics vary based on settings and are not persistent.
494 .It Cm statushide , statush
496 .It Cm statusshow , statuss
498 .It Cm tabclose , tabc
500 .It Cm tabhide , tabh
502 .It Cm tabnew , tabedit , tabe URL
503 Create new tab and optionally open provided URL.
504 .It Cm tabnext , tabn
506 .It Cm tabprevious , tabp
507 Go to the previous tab.
508 .It Cm tabshow , tabs
510 .It Cm urlhide , urlh
511 Hide url entry and tool bar.
512 .It Cm urlshow , urls
513 Show url entry and tool bar.
515 Save open tabs to current session.
516 The tabs will be restored next time
518 the session is opened.
519 See the session command for additional details.
521 Save open tabs and quit.
522 The tabs will be restored next time
524 the session is opened.
525 See the session command for additional details.
528 The about screens are internally generated web pages by
530 for user interaction.
531 These are entered in the address bar and the format is
533 where screen is the desired screen to display.
534 For example about:favorites.
535 Any about screen can be used as the home page as specified by
537 in the configuration file.
539 .Bl -tag -width "downloadsXXX" -offset indent -compact
541 show the about screen
545 show the cookie whitelist screen
547 show the cookiejar screen
549 show the downloads screen
551 show the favorites screen
553 show the help web page
555 show the history screen
557 show the Java Script whitelist screen
559 show the settings screen
561 show the statistics screen
564 This section descibes advanced usage settings.
565 Most users should use
569 and skip over this section.
572 has a number of whitelists to control blocking cookies and Java Script
573 execution for FQDNs or domains.
574 When properly enabled these whitelists require either the FQDN or top level
575 domain to exist in the whitelists in order to allow cookies to be stored or
576 Java Script to execute.
577 Both Java Script and cookies have two whitelists associated with them.
578 The whitelists are called session and persistent.
579 Items in the session whitelists are only allowed for the lifetime of the
582 Items in the persistent whitelists are stored on disk and are restored
585 Setting up the whitelists is a little tricky due to intricacies of WebKit.
586 In fact the semantics are different for cookies and Java Script.
588 Cookie whitelist requires the following configuration to be set:
590 .Bl -tag -width "enable_cookie_whitelistXXX" -offset indent -compact
591 .It Cm cookies_enabled
592 This is a WebKit setting and must be set to
595 in order to be able to use a
597 .It Cm enable_cookie_whitelist
598 This needs to be set to
600 to enable the cookie whitelist functionality.
602 These entries in the configuration file are the actual domains names in the
606 Java Script whitelist requires the following configuration to be set:
608 .Bl -tag -width "enable_js_whitelistXXX" -offset indent -compact
609 .It Cm enable_scripts
610 This is a WebKit setting and must be set to
613 in order to be able to use a
614 Java Script whitelist.
615 .It Cm enable_js_whitelist
616 This needs to be set to
618 to enable the Java Script whitelist functionality.
620 These entries in the configuration file are the actual domains names in the
621 Java Script whitelist.
626 section for additional configuration file entries and details
627 that alter runtime behavior.
629 .Bl -tag -width "/etc/xxxterm.confXXX" -compact
630 .It Pa ~/.xxxterm.conf
632 user specific settings.
639 tries to open the user specific file,
640 .Pa ~/.xxxterm.conf .
641 If that file is unavailable,
642 it then uses built-in defaults.
644 The format of the file is \*(Ltkeyword\*(Gt = \*(Ltsetting\*(Gt.
647 .Dl http_proxy = http://127.0.0.1:8080
649 Enabling or disabling an option is done by using 1 or 0 respectively.
651 The file supports the following keywords:
653 .Bl -tag -width "enable_cookie_whitelistXXX" -offset indent -compact
655 Defines an alias for a given URL, so that the URL is loaded when the alias is
656 entered in the address bar.
657 If the aliased URL includes a %s format specifier, then any argument given after
658 the alias on the address bar is substituted.
659 For example, if g,http://www.google.com/search?q=%s is defined as an alias,
660 then the URL http://www.google.com/search?q=foo is loaded when navigating to
662 .It Cm allow_volatile_cookies
663 If set cookies are stored in the session cache but will be discarded once
666 Unfortunately enabling this does allow for some limited tracking on the web.
668 When set a new tab is appended after the current tab instead of being appended
673 browser has 3 default operating modes:
681 mode the browser allows all cookies and Java Script as any other browser
683 This means that all cookies are saved to persistent storage and that all
686 On the other hand, using the
688 mode enables whitelists.
689 This requires the user to add all the required
694 If a domain does not appear in the whitelists
696 disallows cookies and Java Script execution.
700 mode the browse works just like
702 mode however the toolbar only has the backward, forward and home button.
704 This setting must be the first entry in
706 because it sets advanced settings that can be overridden later in the file.
707 See the default config file for more details.
709 This field delineates the cookie policy.
710 Possible values are: no3rdparty, reject 3rd party cookies.
711 accept, accept all cookies.
712 reject, reject all cookies.
714 This is a cookie whitelist item.
715 Use multiple times to add multiple entries.
716 Valid entries are for example *.moo.com and the equivalent .moo.com.
717 A fully qualified host is also valid and is for example www.moo.com.
718 .It Cm cookies_enabled
720 .It Cm ctrl_click_focus
721 Give focus in newly created tab instead of opening it in the background.
722 .It Cm default_font_size
723 Set the default browsing font size.
724 .It Cm default_zoom_level
725 Set the default browsing zoom level.
727 Locations where files are downloaded to.
728 This directory must exist and
730 validates that during startup.
731 .It Cm enable_cookie_whitelist
732 When enabled all cookies must be in the whitelist or they are rejected.
733 .It Cm enable_js_whitelist
734 When enabled all domains must be in the js whitelist in order to run Java Script.
738 .It Cm enable_plugins
740 .It Cm enable_scripts
743 When enabled the first instance of
745 will create a socket in the
748 Using the -n url option on subsequent
750 invocations will cause the specified URL to be loaded in a new tab.
751 Only a user with identical UID and GID can use this option.
752 .It Cm enable_spell_checking
753 Enables spell checking. Preferred languages can be set using
754 .Cm spell_check_languages
757 Enables a backward, forward, and stop button to the toolbar.
760 is set it'll enable an entry box for searches.
764 will try to guess if the string you entered, in the URI entry widget or
765 the command widget, is term you want to search for using search_string
767 If the string does not contain a dot nor a slash, is not a
768 path to a local file and does not resolves to an IP then it is assumed
771 Homepage in URL format.
773 Proxy server in URL format.
777 if it is specified as an environment variable.
778 It must be noted that one MUST use an IP address and not a FQDN.
780 If one desires to use a socks proxy then an intermediary tool must be used.
781 It has been reported that tsocks works with
784 Permits icon sizes to be changed if
787 Size 1 is small; 2 is normal; 3 through 6 are progressively larger.
789 This is a Java Script whitelist item.
792 for semantics and more details.
793 .It Cm max_connections
794 The maximum number of connections that
797 .It Cm max_host_connections
798 The maximum number of connections that
800 can open at once to a given host.
802 Sets an action for a specific or default MIME type.
803 For example, to download and view a pdf using kpdf set
804 .Pa mime_type = application/pdf,kpdf .
805 To set a default value use *, for example,
806 .Pa mime_type = video/*,mplayer .
807 Note that the action is only passed the URL and not all applications are
808 capable of dealing with a URL and therefore one might have to create a wrapper
809 script to download the content first. Alternatively one can add the
811 in front of the MIME type to indicate "download first".
813 .Pa mime_type = @application/pdf,xpdf .
816 is use the file will be downloaded to the
818 before the MIME handler is called.
819 .It Cm read_only_cookies
820 Mark cookies file read-only and discard all cookies once the session is
822 .It Cm refresh_interval
823 Refresh interval while in the download manager.
826 Directory that contains various
828 resources such as icons.
829 This is OS-specific and should be handled by the porter.
830 .It Cm save_global_history
831 If set the global history will be saved to
832 .Pa ~/.xxxterm/history
834 and restored at startup.
837 section above for how the global history is accessed.
838 Global history is not saved to disk by default.
839 .It Cm save_rejected_cookies
840 Saves rejected cookies in cookie format in {work_dir}/rejected.txt.
841 All cookies are saved and unlike a cookie jar they are never replaced.
842 Make sure there is enough disk space to enable this feature.
844 Default search engine string.
848 .It Cm session_autosave
849 Enable session auto-saving when changing state (e.g. adding or removing a tab).
850 The session name is what is currently in use and is described in the
855 .It Cm session_timeout
856 This value is the time that is added in seconds to a session cookie.
858 Enable or disable showing tabs.
860 Enable or disable showing the url and toolbar.
861 .It Cm show_statusbar
862 Enable or disable showing the status bar.
863 .It Cm single_instance
866 will be permitted to run.
867 If there is a URL specified it will be opened in a new tab in the already
871 .It Cm spell_check_languages
872 The languages to be used for spell checking, separated by commas. For example, en_US.
874 If set to a valid PEM file
875 all server certificates will be validated against it.
876 The URL bar will be colored green when the certificate is trusted
877 and yellow when untrusted.
881 is not set then the URL bar will color all HTTPS connections red.
882 .It Cm ssl_strict_certs
883 If this value is set connections to untrusted sites will be aborted.
884 This value is only used if
888 Set to override the default
892 Set the default height of the browser window.
894 Set the default width of the browser window.
896 Set the work directory where all
898 scratch files are stored.
904 was inspired by vimprobable2 and the bloat in other
911 .An Marco Peereboom Aq marco@peereboom.us ,
912 .An Stevan Andjelkovic Aq stevan@student.chalmers.se ,
913 .An Edd Barrett Aq vext01@gmail.com ,
915 .An Todd T. Fries Aq todd@fries.net .
918 .Cm save_global_history
921 is supposed to, in addition to restoring the global history, color the
922 visited links accordingly; however due to bug #51747 in WebKit this does