3 .\" Copyright (c) 2010, 2011 Marco Peereboom <marco@peereboom.us>
4 .\" Copyright (c) 2011 Jason McIntyre <jmc@openbsd.org>
6 .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
7 .\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
8 .\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
10 .\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
11 .\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
12 .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
13 .\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
14 .\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
15 .\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
16 .\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
23 .Nd lightweight web browser
29 .Op Fl s Ar session_name
34 is a minimalistic web browser that tries to stay out of the way so that
35 valuable screen real estate can be used for much more important stuff.
36 It has sane defaults and does not require one to learn a language to do any
38 It was written by hackers for hackers
39 and it strives to be small, compact, and fast.
42 is very simple in its use.
43 Most actions are initiated via key or mouse bindings.
44 Key bindings are based on those of the
47 giving web browsing a similar feel to navigating a text document.
50 section below documents the various defaults and possible customizations.
52 The options are as follows:
55 Specify an alternative configuration file.
57 Open a new tab in a running
59 for each specified URL.
64 Execute arbitrary command (see the
66 section below) in a running
68 instance. This option requires
70 to be enabled. Example run: xxxterm -e "tabnew openbsd.org"; xxxterm -e
71 tabclose; xxxterm -e wq.
74 .It Fl s Ar session_name
75 Open session that was saved with ":session save" command.
77 Disable visualization of tabs.
81 Display version and exit.
84 The following notation is used throughout this page:
86 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
92 Meta 1 (sometimes marked Alt)
98 Meta 4 (sometimes marked Windows)
105 To browse to a specific address,
106 either use the mouse to click on the address bar
109 to shift the keyboard focus to the address bar.
110 The address is then entered manually.
112 The mouse can be used to navigate the page in the traditional manner,
113 or the keyboard can be used instead.
118 will scroll up and down the page.
121 either click on it or use the
125 assign numbers to each link on the page;
126 entering that number on the keyboard will prompt
131 provides many actions accessed via key or mouse bindings.
132 Most can be reprogrammed using a
134 entry in the configuration file.
135 Each keyboard shortcut requires exactly one entry in the configuration file.
136 A shortcut can have multiple entries in the configuration file.
137 The format of the keybinding entry is as follows:
139 .D1 keybinding = action,keystroke(s)
141 For example, "keybinding = tabnew,C-t" where
149 key word is special and is meant to reset the key binding list to the GTK+
151 This keyword should be the first
153 entry in the configuration file.
155 Shift should be used sparingly since it gets in the way of non-USA keyboards.
156 See the accompanying configuration file for examples.
158 The various bindings are documented below.
159 The relevant keybinding action is given afterwards, in parentheses.
161 These commands are used to search for text strings within a web page.
163 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
168 Start a backwards search
171 Next item matching search
174 Previous item matching search
178 These commands are used to shift the focus of
180 from one area to another.
182 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
187 Focus on search entry
191 These commands allow the user to map specific actions to specific keys.
192 It can be useful when the
196 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
201 Alias for ":open current-uri"
202 .Pq Cm promptopencurrent
207 Alias for ":tabnew current-uri"
208 .Pq Cm prompttabnewcurrent
210 .Ss Navigation Commands
211 These commands allow the user to navigate web pages and,
215 .Bl -tag -width "Space, C-f, PageDownXXX" -offset indent -compact
220 Reload page without using any cached data
222 .It Cm Backspace, M-Left
225 .It Cm S-BackSpace, M-Right
232 Previous line on page
240 .It Cm Space, C-f, PageDown
242 .Pq Cm scrollpagedown
254 .Pq Cm scrollfarright
274 Toggle Java Script enabled for FQDN
280 Toggle cookie enabled for FQDN
285 supports tabbed browsing.
286 That is, web pages may be opened in separate tabs,
287 allowing the user to quickly move from one page to another,
289 These commands then are used to create, destroy, and move between tabs.
291 .Bl -tag -width "C-plus, C-equalXXX" -offset indent -compact
293 Open new tab with the clicked link
295 Create new tab with focus in URL entry
304 Go to the previous tab
314 Shrink font size by one point
316 .It Cm C-plus, C-equal
317 Grow font size by one point
320 .Ss Yanking and pasting
321 These commands copy and paste text to and from the clipboard.
323 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
325 Paste the contents of the clipboard into the address bar
328 Paste the contents of the clipboard into a new tab
331 Yank the current URL into the clipboard
334 .Ss Hyperlink Following
335 This allows the user to follow hyperlinks
336 without using a mouse.
337 Enter the corresponding number to follow the link.
338 Alternatively one can type the name of the link and when there are no more
341 will follow the link.
343 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
345 Highlight all links and prefix them with a number.
349 Commands to exit the browser.
351 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
356 .Ss Low-Contrast Color Scheme
357 This command toggles the page's style between the default CSS and a
358 low-contrast color scheme with light grey text on a dark grey background.
360 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
362 Toggle the current tab's style.
366 Command mode works in a similar fashion to the
369 it is entered by typing a colon and exited by typing Esc.
370 The commands and their descriptions are listed below.
371 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent
372 .It Cm about , version
373 Show the "About" page.
375 Display CA certificates.
376 .It Cm cert , cert show
377 Download and display certificates of domain on tab.
379 Save certificate into a local store.
380 The next time the site is visited it is compared against the store.
381 If the certificate matches,
382 the address bar will be blue;
383 if it doesn't the bar will be red.
387 command is used to manipulate the cookie whitelist.
388 Used by itself it expands to
389 .Cm cookie show all .
391 Show cookie jar contents.
392 .It Cm cookie save, cookie save fqdn
393 Save the current fully qualified domain name (FQDN)
394 to the persistent whitelist.
396 the www.peereboom.us domain would result in saving .www.peereboom.us.
397 .It Cm cookie save domain
398 Save the top level domain name to the persistent whitelist.
400 the www.peereboom.us domain would result in saving .peereboom.us.
402 This action enables cookies if it is currently disabled for this entry.
403 .It Cm cookie show all
404 Show all persistent and session entries in the cookie whitelist.
405 .It Cm cookie show persistent
406 Show all persistent entries in the cookie whitelist.
407 .It Cm cookie show session
408 Show all session entries in the cookie whitelist.
409 .It Cm cookie toggle domain
410 Toggle cookie support for the current top level domain.
411 .It Cm cookie toggle, cookie toggle fqdn
412 Toggle Java Script execution for the current FQDN.
414 Show download manager.
418 Add the current page to favorites.
419 .It Cm fullscreen , f
420 Toggle hiding tabs and url entry toolbar.
421 .It Cm h , hist , history
430 command is used to manipulate the Java Script whitelist.
431 Used by itself it expands to
433 .It Cm js save, save fqdn
434 Saves the FQDN to the persistent whitelist.
436 the www.peereboom.us domain would result in saving .www.peereboom.us.
437 .It Cm js save domain
438 Saves the top level domain name to the persistent whitelist.
440 the www.peereboom.us domain would result in saving .peereboom.us.
442 This action enables Java Script if it is currently disabled for this entry.
444 Shows all persistent and session entries in the JS whitelist.
445 .It Cm js show persistent
446 Shows all persistent entries in the JS whitelist.
447 .It Cm js show session
448 Shows all session entries in the JS whitelist.
449 .It Cm js toggle, js toggle fqdn
450 Toggle Java Script execution for the current FQDN.
451 .It Cm js toggle domain
452 Toggle Java Script execution for the current top level domain.
453 .It Cm open , op , o URL
461 Close current tab and quit
463 if it is the last tab.
467 and reload all current tabs.
468 .It Cm session , Cm session show
469 Display the current session name.
470 By default the session name is main_session.
471 To create a new session use the
474 A session is defined as the lifetime of the browser application.
475 .It Cm session delete <session_name>
476 Delete session session_name from persistent storage.
477 If session_name is the current session then the session will revert to
479 .It Cm session open <session_name>
480 Open session_name and close all currently open tabs.
481 Going forward this session is named session_name.
482 .It Cm session save <session_name>
483 Save current tabs to session_name session.
484 This will close the current session and going forward this session is named
487 Show blocked cookie statistics.
488 These statistics vary based on settings and are not persistent.
489 .It Cm statushide , statush
491 .It Cm statusshow , statuss
493 .It Cm tabclose , tabc
495 .It Cm tabhide , tabh
497 .It Cm tabnew , tabedit , tabe URL
498 Create new tab and optionally open provided URL.
499 .It Cm tabnext , tabn
501 .It Cm tabprevious , tabp
502 Go to the previous tab.
503 .It Cm tabshow , tabs
505 .It Cm urlhide , urlh
506 Hide url entry and tool bar.
507 .It Cm urlshow , urls
508 Show url entry and tool bar.
510 Save open tabs to current session.
511 The tabs will be restored next time
513 the session is opened.
514 See the session command for additional details.
516 Save open tabs and quit.
517 The tabs will be restored next time
519 the session is opened.
520 See the session command for additional details.
523 The about screens are internally generated web pages by
525 for user interaction.
526 These are entered in the address bar and the format is
528 where screen is the desired screen to display.
529 For example about:favorites.
530 Any about screen can be used as the home page as specified by
532 in the configuration file.
534 .Bl -tag -width "downloadsXXX" -offset indent -compact
536 show the about screen
540 show the cookie whitelist screen
542 show the cookiejar screen
544 show the downloads screen
546 show the favorites screen
548 show the help web page
550 show the history screen
552 show the Java Script whitelist screen
554 show the settings screen
556 show the statistics screen
559 This section descibes advanced usage settings.
560 Most users should use
564 and skip over this section.
567 has a number of whitelists to control blocking cookies and Java Script
568 execution for FQDNs or domains.
569 When properly enabled these whitelists require either the FQDN or top level
570 domain to exist in the whitelists in order to allow cookies to be stored or
571 Java Script to execute.
572 Both Java Script and cookies have two whitelists associated with them.
573 The whitelists are called session and persistent.
574 Items in the session whitelists are only allowed for the lifetime of the
577 Items in the persistent whitelists are stored on disk and are restored
580 Setting up the whitelists is a little tricky due to intricacies of WebKit.
581 In fact the semantics are different for cookies and Java Script.
583 Cookie whitelist requires the following configuration to be set:
585 .Bl -tag -width "enable_cookie_whitelistXXX" -offset indent -compact
586 .It Cm cookies_enabled
587 This is a WebKit setting and must be set to
590 in order to be able to use a
592 .It Cm enable_cookie_whitelist
593 This needs to be set to
595 to enable the cookie whitelist functionality.
597 These entries in the configuration file are the actual domains names in the
601 Java Script whitelist requires the following configuration to be set:
603 .Bl -tag -width "enable_js_whitelistXXX" -offset indent -compact
604 .It Cm enable_scripts
605 This is a WebKit setting and must be set to
608 in order to be able to use a
609 Java Script whitelist.
610 .It Cm enable_js_whitelist
611 This needs to be set to
613 to enable the Java Script whitelist functionality.
615 These entries in the configuration file are the actual domains names in the
616 Java Script whitelist.
621 section for additional configuration file entries and details
622 that alter runtime behavior.
624 .Bl -tag -width "/etc/xxxterm.confXXX" -compact
625 .It Pa ~/.xxxterm.conf
627 user specific settings.
634 tries to open the user specific file,
635 .Pa ~/.xxxterm.conf .
636 If that file is unavailable,
637 it then uses built-in defaults.
639 The format of the file is \*(Ltkeyword\*(Gt = \*(Ltsetting\*(Gt.
642 .Dl http_proxy = http://127.0.0.1:8080
644 Enabling or disabling an option is done by using 1 or 0 respectively.
646 The file supports the following keywords:
648 .Bl -tag -width "enable_cookie_whitelistXXX" -offset indent -compact
650 Defines an alias for a given URL, so that the URL is loaded when the alias is
651 entered in the address bar.
652 If the aliased URL includes a %s format specifier, then any argument given after
653 the alias on the address bar is substituted.
654 For example, if g,http://www.google.com/search?q=%s is defined as an alias,
655 then the URL http://www.google.com/search?q=foo is loaded when navigating to
657 .It Cm allow_volatile_cookies
658 If set cookies are stored in the session cache but will be discarded once
661 Unfortunately enabling this does allow for some limited tracking on the web.
663 When set a new tab is appended after the current tab instead of being appended
668 browser has 3 default operating modes:
676 mode the browser allows all cookies and Java Script as any other browser
678 This means that all cookies are saved to persistent storage and that all
681 On the other hand, using the
683 mode enables whitelists.
684 This requires the user to add all the required
689 If a domain does not appear in the whitelists
691 disallows cookies and Java Script execution.
695 mode the browse works just like
697 mode however the toolbar only has the backward, forward and home button.
699 This setting must be the first entry in
701 because it sets advanced settings that can be overridden later in the file.
702 See the default config file for more details.
704 This field delineates the cookie policy.
705 Possible values are: no3rdparty, reject 3rd party cookies.
706 accept, accept all cookies.
707 reject, reject all cookies.
709 This is a cookie whitelist item.
710 Use multiple times to add multiple entries.
711 Valid entries are for example *.moo.com and the equivalent .moo.com.
712 A fully qualified host is also valid and is for example www.moo.com.
713 .It Cm cookies_enabled
715 .It Cm ctrl_click_focus
716 Give focus in newly created tab instead of opening it in the background.
717 .It Cm default_font_size
718 Set the default browsing font size.
719 .It Cm default_zoom_level
720 Set the default browsing zoom level.
722 Locations where files are downloaded to.
723 This directory must exist and
725 validates that during startup.
726 .It Cm enable_cookie_whitelist
727 When enabled all cookies must be in the whitelist or they are rejected.
728 .It Cm enable_js_whitelist
729 When enabled all domains must be in the js whitelist in order to run Java Script.
733 .It Cm enable_plugins
735 .It Cm enable_scripts
738 When enabled the first instance of
740 will create a socket in the
743 Using the -n url option on subsequent
745 invocations will cause the specified URL to be loaded in a new tab.
746 Only a user with identical UID and GID can use this option.
748 Enables a backward, forward, and stop button to the toolbar.
751 is set it'll enable an entry box for searches.
755 will try to guess if the string you entered, in the URI entry widget or
756 the command widget, is term you want to search for using search_string
758 If the string does not contain a dot nor a slash, is not a
759 path to a local file and does not resolves to an IP then it is assumed
762 Homepage in URL format.
764 Proxy server in URL format.
768 if it is specified as an environment variable.
769 It must be noted that one MUST use an IP address and not a FQDN.
771 If one desires to use a socks proxy then an intermediary tool must be used.
772 It has been reported that tsocks works with
775 Permits icon sizes to be changed if
778 Size 1 is small; 2 is normal; 3 through 6 are progressively larger.
780 This is a Java Script whitelist item.
783 for semantics and more details.
785 Sets an action for a specific or default MIME type.
786 For example, to download and view a pdf using kpdf set
787 .Pa mime_type = application/pdf,kpdf .
788 To set a default value use *, for example,
789 .Pa mime_type = video/*,mplayer .
790 Note that the action is only passed the URL and not all applications are
791 capable of dealing with a URL and therefore one might have to create a wrapper
792 script to download the content first. Alternatively one can add the
794 in front of the MIME type to indicate "download first".
796 .Pa mime_type = @application/pdf,xpdf .
799 is use the file will be downloaded to the
801 before the MIME handler is called.
802 .It Cm read_only_cookies
803 Mark cookies file read-only and discard all cookies once the session is
805 .It Cm refresh_interval
806 Refresh interval while in the download manager.
809 Directory that contains various
811 resources such as icons.
812 This is OS-specific and should be handled by the porter.
813 .It Cm save_global_history
814 If set the global history will be saved to
815 .Pa ~/.xxxterm/history
817 and restored at startup.
820 section above for how the global history is accessed.
821 Global history is not saved to disk by default.
822 .It Cm save_rejected_cookies
823 Saves rejected cookies in cookie format in {work_dir}/rejected.txt.
824 All cookies are saved and unlike a cookie jar they are never replaced.
825 Make sure there is enough disk space to enable this feature.
827 Default search engine string.
831 .It Cm session_autosave
832 Enable session auto-saving when changing state (e.g. adding or removing a tab).
833 The session name is what is currently in use and is described in the
838 .It Cm session_timeout
839 This value is the time that is added in seconds to a session cookie.
841 Enable or disable showing tabs.
843 Enable or disable showing the url and toolbar.
844 .It Cm show_statusbar
845 Enable or disable showing the status bar.
846 .It Cm single_instance
849 will be permitted to run.
850 If there is a URL specified it will be opened in a new tab in the already
855 If set to a valid PEM file
856 all server certificates will be validated against it.
857 The URL bar will be colored green when the certificate is trusted
858 and yellow when untrusted.
862 is not set then the URL bar will color all HTTPS connections red.
863 .It Cm ssl_strict_certs
864 If this value is set connections to untrusted sites will be aborted.
865 This value is only used if
869 Set to override the default
873 Set the default height of the browser window.
875 Set the default width of the browser window.
877 Set the work directory where all
879 scratch files are stored.
885 was inspired by vimprobable2 and the bloat in other
892 .An Marco Peereboom Aq marco@peereboom.us ,
893 .An Stevan Andjelkovic Aq stevan@student.chalmers.se ,
894 .An Edd Barrett Aq vext01@gmail.com ,
896 .An Todd T. Fries Aq todd@fries.net .
899 .Cm save_global_history
902 is supposed to, in addition to restoring the global history, color the
903 visited links accordingly; however due to bug #51747 in WebKit this does