Portability fix.

[wine/wine64.git] / documentation / configuring.sgml

  <chapter id="configuring">
    <title>Configuring Wine</title>
    <para>Setting up config files, etc.</para>

    <sect1 id="config">
      <title>General Configuration</title>
      <para>
        Copyright 1999 &name-adam-sacarny; <email>&email-adam-sacarny;</email>
      </para>
      <para>
        (Extracted from <filename>wine/documentation/config</filename>)
      </para>

      <sect2>
        <title>The Wine Config File</title>
        <para>
          The Wine config file stores various settings for Wine. These include:
          <itemizedlist>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                Drives and Information about them
              </para>
            </listitem>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                Directory Settings
              </para>
            </listitem>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                Port Settings
              </para>
            </listitem>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                The Wine look and feel
              </para>
            </listitem>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                Wine's DLL Usage
              </para>
            </listitem>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                Wine's Multimedia drivers and DLL configuration
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </itemizedlist>
        </para>
      </sect2>

      <sect2>
        <title>How Do I Make One?</title>
        <para>
          This section will guide you through the process of making a
          config file. Take a look at the file <filename>&lt;dirs to
          wine>/documentation/samples/config</filename>. It is organized by section.
        </para>

        <informaltable frame="all">
          <tgroup cols="3">
            <thead>
              <row>
                <entry>Section Name</entry>
                <entry>Needed?</entry>
                <entry>What it Does</entry>
              </row>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>[Drive X]</entry>
                <entry>yes</entry>
                <entry>Sets up drives recognized by wine</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[wine]</entry>
                <entry>yes</entry>
                <entry>Settings for wine directories</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[DllDefaults]</entry>
                <entry>recmd</entry>
                <entry>Defaults for loading DLL's</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[DllPairs]</entry>
                <entry>recmd</entry>
                <entry>Sanity checkers for DLL's</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[DllOverrides]</entry>
                <entry>recmd</entry>
                <entry>Overides defaults for DLL loading</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[x11drv]</entry>
                <entry>recmd</entry>
                <entry>Graphic driver settings</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[fonts]</entry>
                <entry>yes</entry>
                <entry>Font appearance and recognition</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[serialports]</entry>
                <entry>no</entry>
                <entry>COM ports seen by wine</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[parallelports]</entry>
                <entry>no</entry>
                <entry>LPT ports seen by wine</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[ppdev]</entry>
                <entry>no</entry>
                <entry>Parallelport emulation</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[spooler]</entry>
                <entry>no</entry>
                <entry>Print spooling</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[ports]</entry>
                <entry>no</entry>
                <entry>Direct port access</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[spy]</entry>
                <entry>no</entry>
                <entry>What to do with certain debug messages</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[Registry]</entry>
                <entry>no</entry>
                <entry>Specifies locations of windows registry files</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[tweak.layout]</entry>
                <entry>recmd</entry>
                <entry>Appearance of wine</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[programs]</entry>
                <entry>no</entry>
                <entry>Programs to be run automatically</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[Console]</entry>
                <entry>no</entry>
                <entry>Console settings</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[Clipboard]</entry>
                <entry>no</entry>
                <entry>Interaction for wine and X11 clipboard</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[afmdirs]</entry>
                <entry>no</entry>
                <entry>Postscript driver settings</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[WinMM]</entry>
                <entry>yes</entry>
                <entry>Multimedia settings</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>[AppDefaults]</entry>
                <entry>no</entry>
                <entry>Overwrite the settings of previous sections for special programs</entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>

        <sect3>
          <title>The [Drive X] Section</title>
          <para>
            These sections are supposed to make certain Unix
            directory locations accessible to Wine as a DOS/Windows drive
            (drive 'X:') and thus accessible to Windows programs
            under the drive name you specified.
            Every DOS/Windows program sort of expects at least a C: drive (and
            sometimes also an A: floppy drive), so your config file should
            at least contain the corresponding sections, [Drive C] and
            [Drive A].
            You need to decide on whether you want to use an existing Windows
            partition as the C drive or whether you want to create your own
            Wine drive C directory tree somewhere (take care about
            permissions !).
            Each drive section may specify up to 6 different settings
            as explained below.
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>[Drive X]</programlisting>
            The above line begins the section for a drive whose letter is X
            (DOS notation: drive 'X:').
            You could e.g. create an equivalent to a drive 'C:'
            under DOS/Windows by using a [Drive C] section name.
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"Path" = "/dir/to/path"</programlisting>
            This specifies the directory where the drive will begin.
            When Wine is browsing in drive X, it will be able
            to see the files that are in the directory
            <filename>/dir/to/path</filename> and below.
            (note that symlinks to directories won't get included !
            see "<link linkend="dirsymlinks">ShowDirSymlinks</link>"
            config setting)
            You can also make use of environment variables like $HOME here,
            an example for using a mywinedrive directory in your home dir
            would be
            "Path" = "${HOME}/mywinedrive"
            Don't forget to leave off the trailing slash!
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"Type" = "hd|cdrom|network|floppy"</programlisting>
            Sets up the type of drive Wine will see it as. Type must
            equal one of the four <literal>floppy</literal>,
            <literal>hd</literal>, <literal>cdrom</literal>, or
            <literal>network</literal>. They are self-explanatory.
            (The |'s mean "Type = '&lt;one of the options&gt;'".)
            Usually, you choose "hd" for a drive ("hd" is default anyway).
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"Label" = "blah"</programlisting>
            Defines the drive label. Generally only needed
            for programs that look for a special CD-ROM.
            The label may be up to 11 characters.
            Note that the preferred way of managing labels and serial numbers
            of CD-ROMs and floppies is to give Wine raw device access for
            reading these on a per-CD case (see "Device" below) instead of
            hardcoding one specific "Label".
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"Serial" = "deadbeef"</programlisting>
            Tells Wine the serial number of the drive. A few programs with
            intense protection for pirating might need this, but otherwise
            it's not needed. Up to 8 characters and hexadecimal.
            Using a "Device" entry instead of hardcoding the "Serial" probably
            is a smarter choice.
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"Filesystem" = "win95|unix|msdos"</programlisting>
            Sets up the way Wine looks at files on the drive.
          </para>

          <variablelist>
            <varlistentry>
              <term><literal>win95</literal></term>
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  Case insensitive. Alike to Windows 9x/NT 4. This is
                  the long filename filesystem you are probably used
                  to working with. The filesystem of choice for most
                  applications to be run under wine.  PROBABLY THE ONE
                  YOU WANT!
                </para>
              </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term><literal>unix</literal></term>
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  Case sensitive. This filesystem has almost no use
                  (Windows apps expect case insensitive filenames).
                  Try it if you dare, but win95 is a  much better
                  choice.
                </para>
              </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term><literal>msdos</literal></term>
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  Case insensitive filesystem. Alike to DOS and
                  Windows 3.x. <literal>8.3</literal> is the maximum
                  length of files (eightdot.123) - longer ones will be
                  truncated. (NOTE: this is a very bad choice if you
                  plan on running apps that use long filenames. win95
                  should work fine with apps that were designed to run
                  under the msdos system. In other words, you might
                  not want to use this.)
                </para>
              </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
          </variablelist>

          <programlisting>"Device" = "/dev/xx"</programlisting>
          <para>
            Needed for raw device access and label and serial number reading.
            Use this ONLY for floppy and cdrom devices. Using it on
            Extended2 or other Unix file systems can have dire results
            (when a windows app tries to do a lowlevel write,
            they do it in a FAT way -- FAT format is completely different from
            any Unix file system).
            Also, make sure that you have proper permissions to this device
            file.
          </para>
          <note>
            <para>
              This setting is not really important; almost all apps
              will have no problem if it remains unspecified. For
              CD-ROMs it's quite useful in order to get automatic label
              detection, though. If you are unsure about specifying
              device names, just leave out this setting for your
              drives.
            </para>
          </note>
          <para>
            Here are a few sample entries:
            <programlisting>
Here is a setup for Drive C, a generic hard drive:
[Drive C]
"Path" = "/dosc"
"Type" = "hd"
"Label" = "Hard Drive"
"Filesystem" = "win95"
This is a setup for Drive E, a generic CD-ROM drive:
[Drive E]
"Path" = "/mnt/cdrom"
"Type" = "cdrom"
"Label" = "Total Annihilation"
"Filesystem" = "win95"
"Device" = "/dev/cdrom"
And here is a setup for Drive A, a generic floppy drive:
[Drive A]
"Type" = "floppy"
"Path" = "/mnt/floppy"
"Label" = "Floppy Drive"
"Serial" = "87654321"
"Filesystem" = "win95"
"Device" = "/dev/fd0"
            </programlisting>
          </para>
        </sect3>

        <sect3>
          <title>The [wine] Section </title>
          <para>
            The [wine] section of the configuration file contains all kinds
            of general settings for Wine.
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"Windows" = "c:\\windows"</programlisting>
            This tells Wine and Windows programs where the
            <filename>Windows</filename> directory is.  It is
            recommended to have this directory somewhere on your
            configured <medialabel>C</medialabel> drive, and it's also
            recommended to just call the directory "windows" (this is
            the default setup on Windows, and some stupid applications
            might rely on this).  So in case you chose a "Windows"
            setting of "c:\\windows" and you chose to set up a drive C
            e.g. at <filename>/usr/local/wine_c</filename>, the
            corresponding directory would be
            <filename>/usr/local/wine_c/windows</filename>.  Make one
            if you don't already have one. NO TRAILING SLASH (NOT
            <filename>C:\\windows\</filename>)! Write access strongly
            recommended!
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"System" = "c:\\windows\\system"</programlisting>
            This sets up where the windows system files are. The Windows
            system directory should reside below the directory used for the
            <literal>Windows</literal> setting.
            Thus when using the example above, the system directory would be
            <filename>/usr/local/wine_c/windows/system</filename>.
            Again, no trailing slash, and write access!
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"Temp" = "c:\\temp"</programlisting> This should
            be the directory you want your temp files stored in,
            /usr/local/wine_c/temp in our example.
            Again, no trailing slash, and WRITE ACCESS!!
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>
"Path" = "c:\\windows;c:\\windows\\system;c:\\blanco"
            </programlisting>
          </para>
          <para>
            Behaves like the <envar>PATH</envar> setting on UNIX
            boxes. When wine is run like <userinput>wine
              sol.exe</userinput>, if <filename>sol.exe</filename>
            resides in a directory specified in the
            <literal>Path</literal> setting, wine will run it (Of
            course, if <filename>sol.exe</filename> resides in the
            current directory, wine will run that one). Make sure it
            always has your <filename>windows</filename> directory and
            system directory (For this setup, it must have
            <filename>"c:\\windows;c:\\windows\\system"</filename>).
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"GraphicsDriver" = "x11drv|ttydrv"</programlisting>
            Sets the graphics driver to use for Wine output.
            x11drv is for X11 output, ttydrv is for text console output.
            WARNING: if you use ttydrv here, then you won't be able to run
            any Windows GUI programs. Thus this option is mainly interesting
            for e.g. embedded use of Wine in web server scripts.
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"Printer" = "off|on"</programlisting> Tells wine
            whether to allow printing via printer drivers to work.
            This option isn't needed for our builtin psdrv printer driver
            at all.
            Using these things are pretty alpha, so you might want to
            watch out. Some people might find it useful, however. If
            you're not planning on working on printing via windows printer
            drivers, don't even add this to your wine config file
            (It probably isn't already in it).
            Check out the [spooler] and [parallelports] sections too.
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"ShellLinker" = "wineshelllink"</programlisting>
            This setting specifies the shell linker script to use for setting
            up Windows icons in e.g. KDE or Gnome that are given by programs
            making use of appropriate shell32.dll functionality to create
            icons on the desktop/start menu during installation.
          </para>
          <para id="dirsymlinks">
            <programlisting>"ShowDirSymlinks" = "1"</programlisting>
            Wine doesn't pass directory symlinks to Windows programs by
            default, as doing so may crash some programs that do
            recursive lookups of whole subdirectory trees
            whenever a directory symlink points back to itself or one of its
            parent directories.
            That's why we disallowed the use of directory symlinks
            and added this setting to reenable ("1") this functionality.
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"SymbolTableFile" = "wine.sym"</programlisting>
            Sets up the symbol table file for the wine debugger. You
            probably don't need to fiddle with this. May be useful if
            your wine is stripped.
          </para>
        </sect3>

        <sect3>
          <title>Introduction To DLL Sections</title>
          <para>
            There are a few things you will need to know before
            configuring the DLL sections in your wine configuration
            file.
          </para>
          <sect4>
            <title>Windows DLL Pairs</title>
            <para>
              Most windows DLL's have a win16 (Windows 3.x) and win32
              (Windows 9x/NT) form.  The combination of the win16 and
              win32 DLL versions are called the "DLL pair". This is a
              list of the most common pairs:
            </para>

            <informaltable>
              <tgroup cols="3">
                <thead>
                  <row>
                    <entry>Win16</entry>
                    <entry>Win32</entry>
                    <entry>
                      Native
                      <footnote>
                        <para>
                          Is it possible to use native dll with wine?
                          (See next section)
                        </para>
                      </footnote>
                    </entry>
                  </row>
                </thead>
                <tbody>
                  <row>
                    <entry>KERNEL</entry>
                    <entry>KERNEL32</entry>
                    <entry>No!</entry>
                  </row>
                  <row>
                    <entry>USER</entry>
                    <entry>USER32</entry>
                    <entry>No!</entry>
                  </row>
                  <row>
                    <entry>SHELL</entry>
                    <entry>SHELL32</entry>
                    <entry>Yes</entry>
                  </row>
                  <row>
                    <entry>GDI</entry>
                    <entry>GDI32</entry>
                    <entry>No!</entry>
                  </row>
                  <row>
                    <entry>COMMDLG</entry>
                    <entry>COMDLG32</entry>
                    <entry>Yes</entry>
                  </row>
                  <row>
                    <entry>VER</entry>
                    <entry>VERSION</entry>
                    <entry>Yes</entry>
                  </row>
                </tbody>
              </tgroup>
            </informaltable>
          </sect4>

          <sect4>
            <title>Different Forms Of DLL's</title>
            <para>
              There are a few different forms of DLL's wine can load:
              <variablelist>
                <varlistentry>
                  <term>native</term>
                  <listitem><para>
                      The DLL's that are included with windows. Many
                      windows DLL's can be loaded in their native
                      form. Many times these native versions work
                      better than their non-Microsoft equivalent --
                      other times they don't.
                    </para></listitem>
                </varlistentry>
                <varlistentry>
                  <term>elfdll</term>
                  <listitem><para>
                      ELF encapsulated windows DLL's. This is currently
                      experimental (Not working yet).
                    </para></listitem>
                </varlistentry>
                <varlistentry>
                  <term>so</term>
                  <listitem><para>
                      Native ELF libraries. Will not work yet.
                    </para></listitem>
                </varlistentry>
                <varlistentry>
                  <term>builtin</term>
                  <listitem><para>
                      The most common form of DLL loading. This is
                      what you will use if the DLL is error-prone in
                      native form (KERNEL for example), you don't have
                      the native DLL, or you just want to be
                      Microsoft-free.
                    </para></listitem>
                </varlistentry>
              </variablelist>
            </para>
          </sect4>
        </sect3>

        <sect3>
          <title>The [DllDefaults] Section</title>
          <para>
            These settings provide wine's default handling of DLL loading.
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"DefaultLoadOrder" =" native, so, builtin"</programlisting>
          </para>
          <para>
            This setting is a comma-delimited list of the order in
            which to attempt loading DLLs. If the first option fails,
            it will try the second, and so on. The order specified
            above is probably the best in most conditions.
          </para>
        </sect3>

        <sect3>
          <title>The [DllPairs] Section</title>
          <para>
          At one time, there was a section called [DllPairs] in the 
          default configuration file, but this has been obsoleted
          because the pairing information has now been embedded into
          Wine itself. (The purpose of this section was merely to be
          able to issue warnings if the user attempted to pair
          codependent 16-bit/32-bit DLLs of different types.) If you
          still have this in your <filename>wine.conf</filename> or
          <filename>~/.wine/config</filename>, you may safely delete it.
          </para>
        </sect3>

        <sect3>
          <title>The [DllOverrides] Section</title>
          <para>
            The format for this section is the same for each line:
            <programlisting>
&lt;DLL>{,&lt;DLL>,&lt;DLL>...} = &lt;FORM>{,&lt;FORM>,&lt;FORM>...}
            </programlisting>
          </para>
          <para>
            For example, to load builtin KERNEL pair (case doesn't
            matter here):
            <programlisting>
"kernel,kernel32" = "builtin"
            </programlisting>
          </para>
          <para>
            To load the native COMMDLG pair, but if that doesn't work
            try builtin:
            <programlisting>
"commdlg,comdlg32" = "native,builtin"
            </programlisting>
          </para>
          <para>
            To load the native COMCTL32:
            <programlisting>
"comctl32" = "native"
            </programlisting>
          </para>
          <para>
            Here is a good generic setup (As it is defined in config
            that was included with your wine package):
            <programlisting>
[DllOverrides]
"commdlg"      = "builtin, native"
"comdlg32"     = "builtin, native"
"ver"          = "builtin, native"
"version"      = "builtin, native"
"shell"        = "builtin, native"
"shell32"      = "builtin, native"
"lzexpand"     = "builtin, native"
"lz32"         = "builtin, native"
"comctl32"     = "builtin, native"
"commctrl"     = "builtin, native"
"wsock32"      = "builtin"
"winsock"      = "builtin"
"advapi32"     = "builtin, native"
"crtdll"       = "builtin, native"
"mpr"          = "builtin, native"
"winspool.drv" = "builtin, native"
"ddraw"        = "builtin, native"
"dinput"       = "builtin, native"
"dsound"       = "builtin, native"
"mmsystem"     = "builtin"
"winmm"        = "builtin"
"msvcrt"       = "native, builtin"
"msvideo"      = "builtin, native"
"msvfw32"      = "builtin, native"
"mcicda.drv"   = "builtin, native"
"mciseq.drv"   = "builtin, native"
"mciwave.drv"  = "builtin, native"
"mciavi.drv"   = "native, builtin"
"mcianim.drv"  = "native, builtin"
"msacm.drv"    = "builtin, native"
"msacm"        = "builtin, native"
"msacm32"      = "builtin, native"
"midimap.drv"  = "builtin, native"
"wnaspi32"     = "builtin"
"icmp"         = "builtin"
            </programlisting>
          </para>
          <note>
            <para>
              You see that elfdll or so is the first option for a few
              of these dll's. This will fail for you, but you won't
              notice it as wine will just use the second or third
              option.
            </para>
          </note>
        </sect3>

        <sect3>
          <title>The [fonts] Section</title>
          <para>
            This section sets up wine's font handling.
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"Resolution" = "96"</programlisting>
          </para>
          <para>
            Since the way X handles fonts is different from the way
            Windows does, wine uses a special mechanism to deal with
            them. It must scale them using the number defined in the
            "Resolution" setting. 60-120 are reasonable values, 96 is
            a nice in the middle one. If you have the real windows
            fonts available (<filename>&lt;dirs to
              wine>/documentation/ttfserver</filename> and
            <filename>fonts</filename>), this parameter will not be as
            important. Of course, it's always good to get your X fonts
            working acceptably in wine.
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"Default" = "-adobe-times-"</programlisting>
            The default font wine uses. Fool around with it if you'd like.
          </para>
          <para>
OPTIONAL: 
          </para>
          <para>
            The <literal>Alias</literal> setting allows you to map an X font to a font
            used in wine. This is good for apps that need a special font you don't have,
            but a good replacement exists. The syntax is like so:
            <programlisting>
"AliasX" = "[Fake windows name],[Real X name]"&lt;,optional "masking" section>
            </programlisting>
          </para>
          <para>
            Pretty straightforward. Replace "AliasX" with "Alias0",
            then "Alias1" and so on. The fake windows name is the name
            that the font will be under a windows app in wine. The
            real X name is the font name as seen by X (Run
            "xfontsel"). The optional "masking" section allows you to
            utilize the fake windows name you define. If it is not
            used, then wine will just try to extract the fake windows
            name itself and not use the value you enter.
          </para>
          <para>
            Here is an example of an alias without masking. The font will show up in windows
            apps as "Google". When defining an alias in a config file, forget about my
            comment text (The "&lt;-- blah" stuff)
            <programlisting>
"Alias0" = "Foo,--google-"      &lt;
            </programlisting>
          </para>
          <para>
            Here is an example with masking enabled. The font will show up as "Foo" in
            windows apps.
            <programlisting>
"Alias1" = "Foo,--google-,subst"
            </programlisting>
          </para>
          <para>
            For more info check out <filename>&lt;dirs to wine>/documentation/fonts</filename>
          </para>
        </sect3>

        <sect3>
          <title>The [serialports], [parallelports], [spooler], and [ports] Sections</title>
          <para>
            Even though it sounds like a lot of sections, these are
            all closely related. They are all for communications and
            parallel ports. 
          </para>
          <para>
            The [serialports] section tells wine what serial ports it
            is allowed to use.
            <programlisting>"ComX" = "/dev/cuaY"</programlisting>
          </para>
          <para>
            Replace <literal>X</literal> with the number of the COM
            port in Windows (1-8) and <literal>Y</literal> with the
            number of it in <literal>X</literal> (Usually the number
            of the port in Windows minus 1). <literal>ComX</literal>
            can actually equal any device
            (<medialabel>/dev/modem</medialabel> is acceptable). It is
            not always necessary to define any COM ports (An optional
            setting). Here is an example:
            <programlisting>"Com1" = "/dev/cua0"</programlisting>
          </para>
          <para>
            Use as many of these as you like in the section to define
            all of the COM ports you need.
          </para>
          <para>
            The [parallelports] section sets up any parallel ports
            that will be allowed access under wine.
            <programlisting>"LptX" = "/dev/lpY"</programlisting>
          </para>
          <para>
            Sounds familiar? Syntax is just like the COM port setting.
            Replace <literal>X</literal> with a value from 1-4 as it
            is in Windows and <literal>Y</literal> with a value from
            0-3 (<literal>Y</literal> is usually the value in windows
            minus 1, just like for COM ports). You don't always need
            to define a parallel port (AKA, it's optional). As with
            the other section, LptX can equal  any device (Maybe
            <medialabel>/dev/printer</medialabel>). Here is an
            example:  <programlisting>"Lpt1" = "/dev/lp0"</programlisting>
          </para>
          <para>
            The [spooler] section will inform wine where to spool
            print jobs. Use this if you want to try printing. Wine
            docs claim that spooling is "rather primitive" at this
            time, so it won't work perfectly. IT IS OPTIONAL. The only
            setting you use in this section works to map a port (LPT1,
            for example) to a file or a command. Here is an example,
            mapping LPT1 to the file <filename>out.ps</filename>: 
            <programlisting>"LPT1:" = "out.ps"</programlisting>
          </para>
          <para>
            The following command maps printing jobs to LPT1 to the
            command <command>lpr</command>. Notice  the |: 
            <programlisting>"LPT1:" = "|lpr"</programlisting>
          </para>
          <para>
            The [ports] section is usually useful only for people who
            need direct port access for programs requiring dongles or
            scanners. IF YOU DON'T NEED IT, DON'T USE IT! 
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"read" = "0x779,0x379,0x280-0x2a0"</programlisting>
            Gives direct read access to those IO's.
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"write" = "0x779,0x379,0x280-0x2a0"</programlisting>
            Gives direct write access to those IO's. It's probably a
            good idea to keep the values of the
            <literal>read</literal> and <literal>write</literal>
            settings the same. This stuff will only work when you're
            root.
          </para>
        </sect3>

        <sect3>
          <title>The [spy], [Registry], [tweak.layout], and [programs] Sections</title>
          <para>
            [spy] is used to include or exclude debug messages, and to
            output them to a file. The latter is rarely used. THESE
            ARE ALL OPTIONAL AND YOU PROBABLY DON'T NEED TO ADD OR
            REMOVE ANYTHING IN THIS SECTION TO YOUR CONFIG.
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"File" = "/blanco"</programlisting>
            Sets the logfile for wine. Set to CON to log to standard out.
            THIS IS RARELY USED.
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"Exclude" = "WM_SIZE;WM_TIMER;"</programlisting>
            Excludes debug messages about <constant>WM_SIZE</constant>
            and <constant>WM_TIMER</constant> in the logfile.
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"Include" = "WM_SIZE;WM_TIMER;"</programlisting>
            Includes debug messages about <constant>WM_SIZE</constant>
            and <constant>WM_TIMER</constant> in the logfile.
          </para>
          <para>
            [Registry] can be used to tell wine where your old windows
            registry files exist. This section is completely optional
            and useless to people using wine without an existing
            windows installation.
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"UserFileName" = "/dirs/to/user.reg"</programlisting>
            The location of your old <filename>user.reg</filename> file.
          </para>
          <para>
            [tweak.layout] is devoted to wine's look. There is only
            one setting for it.
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"WineLook" = "win31|win95|win98"</programlisting>
            Will change the look of wine from Windows 3.1 to Windows 95.
            The <literal>win98</literal> setting behaves
            just like <literal>win95</literal> most of the time.
          </para>
          <para>
            [programs] can be used to say what programs run under
            special conditions.
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"Default" = "/program/to/execute.exe"</programlisting>
            Sets the program to be run if wine is started without specifying a program.
          </para>
          <para>
            <programlisting>"Startup" = "/program/to/execute.exe"</programlisting>
            Sets the program to automatically be run at startup every time.
          </para>
        </sect3>

        <sect3>
          <title>The [WinMM] Section</title>
          <para>
            [WinMM] is used to define which multimedia drivers have to be loaded. Since
            those drivers may depend on the multimedia interfaces available on your sustem
            (OSS, Alsa... to name a few), it's needed to be able to configure which driver
            has to be loaded.
          </para>

          <para>
            The content of the section looks like:
            <programlisting> 
[WinMM]
"Drivers" = "wineoss.drv"
"WaveMapper" = "msacm.drv"
"MidiMapper" = "midimap.drv"
            </programlisting> 
            All the keys must be defined:
            <itemizedlist>
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  The "Drivers" key is a ';' separated list of modules name, each of 
                  them containing a low level driver. All those drivers will be loaded 
                  when MMSYSTEM/WINMM is started and will provide their inner features.
                </para>
              </listitem>
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  The "WaveMapper" represents the name of the module containing the Wave
                  Mapper driver. Only one wave mapper can be defined in the system.
                </para>
              </listitem>
              <listitem>
                <para>
                  The "MidiMapper" represents the name of the module containing the Midi 
                  Mapper driver. Only one Midi mapper can be defined in the system.
                </para>
              </listitem>
            </itemizedlist>
          </para>
        </sect3>

        <sect3>
          <title>The [AppDefaults] Section</title>
          <para>
            The section is used to overwrite the setting of this file for a
            special program with different settings.
            [AppDefaults] is not the real name of the section. The real name
            consists of the leading word AppDefaults followed by the name 
            of the executable the section is valid for. The end of the section
            name is the name of the section of the configuration file its 
            values should be overwritten with different settings. The three 
            parts of the section name are separated by two backslashes.
          </para>
          <para>
            Currently wine supports only overwriting the sections 
            [DllOverrides] and [x11drv].
          </para>
          <para>
            Here is an example that overwrites the normal settings for a
            program:
            <programlisting> 
;; default settings
[x11drv]
"Managed" = "Y"
"Desktop" = "N"

;; run install in desktop mode
[AppDefaults\\install.exe\\x11drv]
"Managed" = "N"
"Desktop" = "800x600"
            </programlisting> 
          </para>
        </sect3>
      </sect2>

      <sect2>
        <title>Where Do I Put It?</title>
        <para>
          The wine config file can go in two places.
        </para>
        <variablelist>
          <varlistentry>
            <term><filename>/usr/local/etc/wine.conf</filename></term>
            <listitem><para>
                A systemwide config file, used for anyone who doesn't
                have their own. NOTE: this file is currently unused as a
                new global configuration mechanism is not in place at this
                time
            </para></listitem>
          </varlistentry>
          <varlistentry>
            <term><filename>$HOME/.wine/config</filename></term>
            <listitem><para>
                Your own config file, that only is used for your user. 
            </para></listitem>
          </varlistentry>
        </variablelist>
        <para>
          So copy your version of the <filename>wine.conf</filename> file to
          <filename>/usr/local/etc/wine.conf</filename> or
          <filename>$HOME/.wine/config</filename> for wine to recognize
          it. 
        </para>
      </sect2>

      <sect2>
        <title>What If It Doesn't Work?</title>
        <para>
          There is always a chance that things will go wrong. If the
          unthinkable happens report the problem to
          <ulink url="http://bugs.winehq.com/">Wine Bugzilla</ulink>,
          try the newsgroup
          <systemitem>comp.emulators.ms-windows.wine</systemitem>,
          or the IRCnet channel <systemitem>#WineHQ</systemitem> found on
          irc.stealth.net:6668,  or connected servers.
          Make sure that you have looked over this document thoroughly,
          and have also read:
        </para>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem>
            <para><filename>README</filename></para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem>
            <para>
              <filename>http://www.la-sorciere.de/wine/index.html</filename>
              (optional but recommended)
            </para>
          </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
        <para>
          If indeed it looks like you've done your research, be
          prepared for helpful suggestions. If you haven't, brace
          yourself for heaving flaming.
        </para>
      </sect2>
    </sect1>

    <sect1 id="x11drv">
      <title>Configuring the x11drv Driver</title>

      <para>
        Written by &name-ove-kaaven; <email>&email-ove-kaaven;</email>
      </para>
      <para>
        (Extracted from <filename>wine/documentation/x11drv</filename>)
      </para>

      <para>
        Most Wine users run Wine under the windowing system known as
        X11. During most of Wine's history, this was the only display
        driver available, but in recent years, parts of Wine has been
        reorganized to allow for other display drivers (although the
        only alternative currently available is Patrik Stridvall's
        ncurses-based ttydrv, which he claims works for displaying
        calc.exe). The display driver is chosen with the
        <literal>GraphicsDriver</literal> option in the [wine] section
        of <filename>~/.wine/config</filename>, but I will only cover the
        x11drv driver in this article.
      </para>

      <sect2>
        <title>x11drv modes of operation</title>

        <para>
          <!-- FIXME: This is outdated -->
          Note: This is now all done in the config file. Needs an update...
        </para>

        <para>
          The x11drv driver consists of two conceptually distinct
          pieces, the graphics driver (GDI part), and the windowing
          driver (USER part). Both of these are linked into the
          <filename>libx11drv.so</filename> module, though (which you
          load with the <literal>GraphicsDriver</literal> option). In
          Wine, running on X11, the graphics driver must draw on
          drawables (window interiors) provided by the windowing
          driver. This differs a bit from the Windows model, where the
          windowing system creates and configures device contexts
          controlled by the graphics driver, and applications are
          allowed to hook into this relationship anywhere they like.
          Thus, to provide any reasonable tradeoff between
          compatibility and usability, the x11drv has three different
          modes of operation.
        </para>

        <variablelist>
          <varlistentry>
            <term>Unmanaged/Normal</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                The default. Window-manager-independent (any running
                window manager is ignored completely). Window
                decorations (title bars, borders, etc) are drawn by
                Wine to look and feel like the real Windows. This is
                compatible with applications that depend on being able
                to compute the exact sizes of any such decorations, or
                that want to draw their own.
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>          
          <varlistentry>
            <term>Managed</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                Specified by using the
                <parameter>--managed</parameter> command-line option
                or the <literal>Managed</literal>
                <filename>wine.conf</filename> option (see below).
                Ordinary top-level frame windows with thick borders,
                title bars, and system menus will be managed by your
                window manager. This lets these applications integrate
                better with the rest of your desktop, but may not
                always work perfectly. (A rewrite of this mode of
                operation, to make it more robust and less patchy, is
                highly desirable, though, and is planned to be done
                before the Wine 1.0 release.)
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>
          <varlistentry>
            <term>Desktop-in-a-Box</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                Specified by using the
                <parameter>--desktop</parameter> command-line option
                (with a geometry, e.g. <parameter>--desktop
                  800x600</parameter> for a such-sized desktop, or
                even <parameter>--desktop 800x600+0+0</parameter> to
                automatically position the desktop at the upper-left
                corner of the display). This is the mode most
                compatible with the Windows model. All application
                windows will just be Wine-drawn windows inside the
                Wine-provided desktop window (which will itself be
                managed by your window manager), and Windows
                applications can roam freely within this virtual
                workspace and think they own it all, without
                disturbing your other X apps.
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>
        </variablelist>
      </sect2>

      <sect2>
        <title>The [x11drv] section</title>

        <variablelist>
          <varlistentry>
            <term>AllocSystemColors</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                Applies only if you have a palette-based display, i.e.
                if your X server is set to a depth of 8bpp, and if you
                haven't requested a private color map. It specifies
                the maximum number of shared colormap cells (palette
                entries) Wine should occupy. The higher this value,
                the less colors will be available to other
                applications.
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>          
          <varlistentry>
            <term>PrivateColorMap</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                Applies only if you have a palette-based display, i.e.
                if your X server is set to a depth of 8bpp. It
                specifies that you don't want to use the shared color
                map, but a private color map, where all 256 colors are
                available. The disadvantage is that Wine's private
                color map is only seen while the mouse pointer is
                inside a Wine window, so psychedelic flashing and
                funky colors will become routine if you use the mouse
                a lot.
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>          
          <varlistentry>
            <term>PerfectGraphics</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                This option only determines whether fast X11 routines
                or exact Wine routines will be used for certain ROP
                codes in blit operations. Most users won't notice any
                difference.
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>          
          <varlistentry>
            <term>ScreenDepth</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                Applies only to multi-depth displays. It specifies
                which of the available depths Wine should use (and
                tell Windows apps about).
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>          
          <varlistentry>
            <term>Display</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                This specifies which X11 display to use, and if
                specified, will override both the
                <envar>DISPLAY</envar> environment variable and the
                <parameter>--display</parameter> command-line option.
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>          
          <varlistentry>
            <term>Managed</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                Wine can let frame windows be managed by your window
                manager. This option specifies whether you want that
                by default.
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>          
          <varlistentry>
            <term>UseDGA</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                This specifies whether you want DirectDraw to use
                XFree86's <firstterm>Direct Graphics
                  Architecture</firstterm> (DGA), which is able to
                take over the entire display and run the game
                full-screen at maximum speed. (With DGA1 (XFree86
                3.x), you still have to configure the X server to the
                game's requested bpp first, but with DGA2 (XFree86
                4.x), runtime depth-switching may be possible,
                depending on your driver's capabilities.) But be aware
                that if Wine crashes while in DGA mode, it may not be
                possible to regain control over your computer without
                rebooting. DGA normally requires either root
                privileges or read/write access to
                <filename>/dev/mem</filename>.
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>          
          <varlistentry>
            <term>UseXShm</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                If you don't want DirectX to use DGA, you can at least
                use X Shared Memory extensions (XShm). It is much
                slower than DGA, since the app doesn't have direct
                access to the physical frame buffer, but using shared
                memory to draw the frame is at least faster than
                sending the data through the standard X11 socket, even
                though Wine's XShm support is still known to crash
                sometimes.
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>          
          <varlistentry>
            <term>DXGrab</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                If you don't use DGA, you may want an alternative
                means to convince the mouse cursor to stay within the
                game window. This option does that. Of course, as with
                DGA, if Wine crashes, you're in trouble (although not
                as badly as in the DGA case, since you can still use
                the keyboard to get out of X).
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>          
          <varlistentry>
            <term>DesktopDoubleBuffered</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                Applies only if you use the
                <parameter>--desktop</parameter> command-line option
                to run in a desktop window. Specifies whether to
                create the desktop window with a double-buffered
                visual, something most OpenGL games need to run
                correctly.
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>
          <varlistentry>
            <term>TextCP</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                <!-- FIXME: To be documented -->
                To be documented...
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>
          <varlistentry>
            <term>XVideoPort</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                <!-- FIXME: To be documented -->
                To be documented...
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>
          <varlistentry>
            <term>Synchronous</term>
            <listitem>
              <para>
                <!-- FIXME: To be documented -->
                To be documented...
              </para>
            </listitem>
          </varlistentry>
        </variablelist>
      </sect2>          
    </sect1>

    &registry;

    <sect1 id="cdrom-labels">
      <sect1info>
        <authorgroup>
          <author>
            <firstname>Petr</firstname>
            <surname>Tomasek</surname>
            <affiliation>
              <address><email>&email-petr-tomasek;</email></address>
            </affiliation>
            <contrib>Nov 14 1999</contrib>
          </author>
          <author>
            <firstname>Andreas</firstname>
            <surname>Mohr</surname>
            <affiliation>
              <address><email>&email-andreas-mohr;</email></address>
            </affiliation>
            <contrib>Jan 25 2000</contrib>
          </author>
        </authorgroup>
      </sect1info>

      <title>Drive labels and serial numbers with wine</title>
      <para>
        Written by &name-petr-tomasek; <email>&email-petr-tomasek;</email>
        Nov 14 1999
      </para>
      <para>
        Changes by &name-andreas-mohr; <email>&email-andreas-mohr;</email>
        Jan 25 2000
      </para>
      <para>
        (Extracted from <filename>wine/documentation/cdrom-labels</filename>)
      </para>
      <para>
        Until now, your only possibility of specifying drive volume
        labels and serial numbers was to set them manually in the wine
        config file. By now, wine can read them directly from the
        device as well. This may be useful for many Win 9x games or
        for setup programs distributed on CD-ROMs that check for
        volume label.
      </para>

      <sect2>
        <title>What's Supported?</title>

        <informaltable frame="all">
          <tgroup cols="3">
            <thead>
              <row>
                <entry>File System</entry>
                <entry>Types</entry>
                <entry>Comment</entry>
              </row>
            </thead>
            <tbody>
              <row>
                <entry>FAT systems</entry>
                <entry>hd, floppy</entry>
                <entry>reads labels and serial numbers</entry>
              </row>
              <row>
                <entry>ISO9660</entry>
                <entry>cdrom</entry>
                <entry>reads labels and serial numbers (not mixed-mode CDs yet !)</entry>
              </row>
            </tbody>
          </tgroup>
        </informaltable>

      </sect2>

      <sect2>
        <title>How To Set Up?</title>
        <para>
          Reading labels and serial numbers just works automagically
          if you specify a <literal>Device=</literal> line in the
          [Drive X] section in your <filename>~/.wine/config</filename>.
          Note that the device has to exist and must be accessible if
          you do this, though.
        </para>
        <para>
          If you don't do that, then you should give fixed
          <literal>"Label" =</literal> or <literal>"Serial" =</literal>
          entries in <filename>~./wine/config</filename>, as Wine returns
          these entries instead if no device is given. If they don't
          exist, then Wine will return default values (label
          <literal>Drive X</literal> and serial
          <literal>12345678</literal>).
        </para>
        <para>
          If you want to give a <literal>"Device" =</literal> entry
          <emphasis>only</emphasis> for drive raw sector accesses,
          but not for reading the volume info from the device (i.e. you want
          a <emphasis>fixed</emphasis>, preconfigured label), you need
          to specify <literal>"ReadVolInfo" = "0"</literal> to tell Wine
          to skip the volume reading.
        </para>
      </sect2>

      <sect2>
        <title>EXAMPLES</title>
        <para>
          Here's a simple example of cdrom and floppy; labels will be
          read from the device on both cdrom and floppy; serial
          numbers on floppy only:
        </para>
        <screen>
[Drive A]
"Path" = "/mnt/floppy"
"Type" = "floppy"
"Device" = "/dev/fd0"
"Filesystem" = "msdos"

[Drive R]
"Path" = "/mnt/cdrom"
"Type" = "cdrom"
"Device" = "/dev/hda1"
"Filesystem" = "win95"
        </screen>
        <para>
          Here's an example of overriding the CD-ROM label:
        </para>
        <screen>
[Drive J]
"Path" = "/mnt/cdrom"
"Type" = "cdrom"
"Label" = "X234GCDSE"
; note that the device isn't really needed here as we have a fixed label
"Device" = "/dev/cdrom"
"Filesystem" = "msdos"
        </screen>
      </sect2>

      <sect2>
        <title>Todo / Open Issues</title>
        <itemizedlist>
          <listitem> <para>
              The cdrom label can be read only if the data track of
              the disk resides in the first track and the cdrom is
              iso9660.
            </para> </listitem>
          <listitem> <para>
              Better checking for FAT superblock (it now checks only
              one byte). </para>
          </listitem>
          <listitem> <para>
              Support for labels/serial nums WRITING.
            </para> </listitem>
          <listitem> <para>
              Can the label be longer than 11 chars? (iso9660 has 32
              chars).
            </para> </listitem>
          <listitem> <para>
              What about reading ext2 volume label? ....
            </para> </listitem>
        </itemizedlist>
      </sect2>
    </sect1>

    <sect1 id="dll-config">
      <title>DLL configuration</title>
      <sect2 id="dll-overrides">
        <title>DLL Overrides</title>
  
        <para>
          Written by &name-ove-kaaven; <email>&email-ove-kaaven;</email>
        </para>
        <para>
          (Extracted from <filename>wine/documentation/dll-overrides</filename>)
        </para>
  
        <para>
          The <filename>wine.conf</filename> directives [DllDefaults]
          and [DllOverrides] are the subject of some confusion. The
          overall purpose of most of these directives are clear enough,
          though - given a choice, should Wine use its own built-in
          DLLs, or should it use <filename>.DLL</filename> files found
          in an existing Windows installation? This document explains
          how this feature works.
        </para>
  
        <sect3>
          <title>DLL types</title>
          <variablelist>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>native</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  A "native" DLL is a <filename>.DLL</filename> file
                  written for the real Microsoft Windows.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>builtin</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  A "builtin" DLL is a Wine DLL. These can either be a
                  part of <filename>libwine.so</filename>, or more
                  recently, in a special <filename>.so</filename> file
                  that Wine is able to load on demand.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>elfdll</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  An "elfdll" is a Wine <filename>.so</filename> file
                  with a special Windows-like file structure that is as
                  close to Windows as possible, and that can also
                  seamlessly link dynamically with "native" DLLs, by
                  using special ELF loader and linker tricks. Bertho
                  Stultiens did some work on this, but this feature has
                  not yet been merged back into Wine (because of
                  political reasons and lack of time), so this DLL type
                  does not exist in the official Wine at this time. In
                  the meantime, the "builtin" DLL type gained some of
                  the features of elfdlls (such as dynamic loading), so
                  it's possible that "elfdll" functionality will be
                  folded into "builtin" at some point.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>so</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  A native Unix <filename>.so</filename> file, with
                  calling convention conversion thunks generated on the
                  fly as the library is loaded. This is mostly useful
                  for libraries such as "glide" that have exactly the
                  same API on both Windows and Unix.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
          </variablelist>          
        </sect3>
  
        <sect3>
          <title>The [DllDefaults] section</title>
          <variablelist>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>DefaultLoadOrder</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  This specifies in what order Wine should search for
                  available DLL types, if the DLL in question was not
                  found in the [DllOverrides] section.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
          </variablelist>
        </sect3>
  
        <sect3>
          <title>The [DllPairs] section</title>
          <para>
            At one time, there was a section called [DllPairs] in the
            default configuration file, but this has been obsoleted
            because the pairing information has now been embedded into
            Wine itself. (The purpose of this section was merely to be
            able to issue warnings if the user attempted to pair
            codependent 16-bit/32-bit DLLs of different types.) If you
            still have this in your <filename>wine.conf</filename> or
            <filename>~/.wine/config</filename>, you may safely delete it.
          </para>
        </sect3>
  
        <sect3>
          <title>The [DllOverrides] section</title>
          <para>
            This section specifies how you want specific DLLs to be
            handled, in particular whether you want to use "native" DLLs
            or not, if you have some from a real Windows configuration.
            Because builtins do not mix seamlessly with native DLLs yet,
            certain DLL dependencies may be problematic, but workarounds
            exist in Wine for many popular DLL configurations. Also see
            WWN's [16]Status Page to figure out how well your favorite
            DLL is implemented in Wine.
          </para>
          <para>
            It is of course also possible to override these settings by
            explictly using Wine's <parameter>--dll</parameter>
            command-line option (see the man page for details).  Some
            hints for choosing your optimal configuration (listed by
            16/32-bit DLL pair):
          </para>
          <variablelist>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>krnl386, kernel32</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Native versions of these will never work, so don't try. Leave
                  at <literal>builtin</literal>.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>gdi, gdi32</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Graphics Device Interface. No effort has been made at trying to
                  run native GDI. Leave at <literal>builtin</literal>.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>          
            <varlistentry>
              <term>user, user32</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Window management and standard controls. It was
                  possible to use Win95's <literal>native</literal>
                  versions at some point (if all other DLLs that depend
                  on it, such as comctl32 and comdlg32, were also run
                  <literal>native</literal>). However, this is no longer
                  possible after the Address Space Separation, so leave
                  at <literal>builtin</literal>.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>ntdll</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  NT kernel API. Although badly documented, the
                  <literal>native</literal> version of this will never
                  work. Leave at <literal>builtin</literal>.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>w32skrnl</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Win32s (for Win3.x). The <literal>native</literal>
                  version will probably never work. Leave at
                  <literal>builtin</literal>.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>wow32</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Win16 support library for NT. The
                  <literal>native</literal> version will probably never
                  work. Leave at <literal>builtin</literal>.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>system</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Win16 kernel stuff. Will never work
                  <literal>native</literal>. Leave at
                  <literal>builtin</literal>.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>          
            <varlistentry>
              <term>display</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Display driver. Definitely leave at <literal>builtin</literal>.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>toolhelp</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Tool helper routines. This is rarely a source of problems.
                  Leave at <literal>builtin</literal>.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>ver, version</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Versioning. Seldom useful to mess with.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>advapi32</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Registry and security features. Trying the
                  <literal>native</literal> version of this may or may
                  not work.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>commdlg, comdlg32</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Common Dialogs, such as color picker, font dialog,
                  print dialog, open/save dialog, etc. It is safe to try
                  <literal>native</literal>.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>commctrl, comctl32</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Common Controls. This is toolbars, status bars, list controls,
                  the works. It is safe to try <literal>native</literal>.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>shell, shell32</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Shell interface (desktop, filesystem, etc). Being one of the
                  most undocumented pieces of Windows, you may have luck with the
                  <literal>native</literal> version, should you need it.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>          
            <varlistentry>
              <term>winsock, wsock32</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Windows Sockets. The <literal>native</literal> version
                  will not work under Wine, so leave at
                  <literal>builtin</literal>.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>icmp</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  ICMP routines for wsock32. As with wsock32, leave at
                  <literal>builtin</literal>.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>mpr</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  The <literal>native</literal> version may not work due
                  to thunking issues. Leave at
                  <literal>builtin</literal>.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>lzexpand, lz32</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Lempel-Ziv decompression. Wine's
                  <literal>builtin</literal> version ought to work fine.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>winaspi, wnaspi32</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Advanced SCSI Peripheral Interface. The
                  <literal>native</literal> version will probably never
                  work. Leave at <literal>builtin</literal>.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>crtdll</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  C Runtime library. The <literal>native</literal>
                  version will easily work better than Wine's on this
                  one.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>winspool.drv</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Printer spooler. You are not likely to have more luck
                  with the <literal>native</literal> version.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>ddraw</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  DirectDraw/Direct3D. Since Wine does not implement the
                  DirectX HAL, the <literal>native</literal> version
                  will not work at this time.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>dinput</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  DirectInput. Running this <literal>native</literal>
                  may or may not work.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>          
            <varlistentry>
              <term>dsound</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  DirectSound. It may be possible to run this
                  <literal>native</literal>, but don't count on it.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>dplay/dplayx</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  DirectPlay. The <literal>native</literal> version
                  ought to work best on this, if at all.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>mmsystem, winmm</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Multimedia system. The <literal>native</literal>
                  version is not likely to work. Leave at
                  <literal>builtin</literal>.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>msacm, msacm32</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Audio Compression Manager. The
                  <literal>builtin</literal> version works best, if you
                  set msacm.drv to the same.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>msvideo, msvfw32</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Video for Windows. It is safe (and recommended) to try
                  <literal>native</literal>.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>mcicda.drv</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  CD Audio MCI driver.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>mciseq.drv</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  MIDI Sequencer MCI driver (<filename>.MID</filename>
                  playback).
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>mciwave.drv</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Wave audio MCI driver (<filename>.WAV</filename> playback).
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>mciavi.drv</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  AVI MCI driver (<filename>.AVI</filename> video
                  playback). Best to use <literal>native</literal>.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>mcianim.drv</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Animation MCI driver.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>msacm.drv</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  Audio Compression Manager. Set to same as msacm32.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>midimap.drv</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  MIDI Mapper.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
            <varlistentry>
              <term>wprocs</term>
              <listitem> <para>
                  This is a pseudo-DLL used by Wine for thunking
                  purposes. A <literal>native</literal> version of this
                  doesn't exist.
                </para> </listitem>
            </varlistentry>
          </variablelist>          
        </sect3>
      </sect2>
      <sect2 id="dll-missing">
        <title>Missing DLLs</title>
  
        <para>
          Written by &name-andreas-mohr; <email>&email-andreas-mohr;</email>
        </para>
  
        <para>
          In case Wine complains about a missing DLL, you should check whether
          this file is a publicly available DLL or a custom DLL belonging
          to your program (by searching for its name on the internet).
          If you managed to get hold of the DLL, then you should make sure
          that Wine is able to find and load it.
          DLLs usually get loaded according to the mechanism of the
          SearchPath() function.
          This function searches directories in the following order:
          
          a) The directory the program was started from.
          b) The current directory.
          c) The Windows system directory.
          d) The Windows directory.
          e) The PATH variable directories.
          
          In short: either put the required DLL into your application
          directory (might be ugly), or usually put it into the Windows system
          directory. Just find out its directory by having a look at the Wine
          config File variable "System" (which indicates the location of the
          Windows system directory) and the associated drive entry.
        </para>
      </sect2>
    </sect1>

    &fonts;
    &printing;

    <sect1 id="win95look">
      <title>Win95/98 Look</title>
      <para>
        Written by &name-david-cuthbert; <email>&email-david-cuthbert;</email>
      </para>
      <para>
        (Extracted from <filename>wine/documentation/win95look</filename>)
      </para>
      <para>
        Win95/Win98 interface code is being introduced.
      </para>
      <para>
        Instead of compiling Wine for Win3.1 vs. Win95 using
        <constant>#define</constant> switches, the code now looks in a
        special [Tweak.Layout] section of
        <filename>~/.wine/config</filename> for a
        <literal>"WineLook" = "Win95"</literal> or
        <literal>"WineLook" = "Win98"</literal> entry.
      </para>
      <para>
        A few new sections and a number of entries have been added to
        the <filename>~/.wine/config</filename> file -- these are for
        debugging the Win95 tweaks only and may be removed in a future
        release!  These entries/sections are:
      </para>
      <programlisting>
[Tweak.Fonts]
"System.Height" = "&lt;point size>"    # Sets the height of the system typeface
"System.Bold" = "[true|false]"      # Whether the system font should be boldfaced
"System.Italic" = "[true|false]"    # Whether the system font should be italicized
"System.Underline" = "[true|false]" # Whether the system font should be underlined
"System.StrikeOut" = "[true|false]" # Whether the system font should be struck out
"OEMFixed.xxx"                  # Same parameters for the OEM fixed typeface
"AnsiFixed.xxx"                 # Same parameters for the Ansi fixed typeface
"AnsiVar.xxx"                   # Same parameters for the Ansi variable typeface
"SystemFixed.xxx"               # Same parameters for the System fixed typeface

[Tweak.Layout]
"WineLook" = "[Win31|Win95|Win98]"  # Changes Wine's look and feel
      </programlisting>
    </sect1>

    <sect1 id="keyboard">
      <title>Keyboard</title>

      <para>
        Written by &name-ove-kaaven; <email>&email-ove-kaaven;</email>
      </para>
      <para>
        (Extracted from <filename>wine/documentation/keyboard</filename>)
      </para>

      <para>
        Wine now needs to know about your keyboard layout. This
        requirement comes from a need from many apps to have the
        correct scancodes available, since they read these directly,
        instead of just taking the characters returned by the X
        server. This means that Wine now needs to have a mapping from
        X keys to the scancodes these applications expect.
      </para>
      <para>
        On startup, Wine will try to recognize the active X layout by
        seeing if it matches any of the defined tables. If it does,
        everything is alright. If not, you need to define it.
      </para>
      <para>
        To do this, open the file
        <filename>dlls/x11drv/keyboard.c</filename> and take a look
        at the existing tables. Make a backup copy of it, especially
        if you don't use CVS.
      </para>
      <para>
        What you really would need to do, is find out which scancode
        each key needs to generate.  Find it in the
        <function>main_key_scan</function> table, which looks like
        this:
      </para>
      <programlisting>
static const int main_key_scan[MAIN_LEN] =
{
/* this is my (102-key) keyboard layout, sorry if it doesn't quite match yours */
   0x29,0x02,0x03,0x04,0x05,0x06,0x07,0x08,0x09,0x0A,0x0B,0x0C,0x0D,
   0x10,0x11,0x12,0x13,0x14,0x15,0x16,0x17,0x18,0x19,0x1A,0x1B,
   0x1E,0x1F,0x20,0x21,0x22,0x23,0x24,0x25,0x26,0x27,0x28,0x2B,
   0x2C,0x2D,0x2E,0x2F,0x30,0x31,0x32,0x33,0x34,0x35,
   0x56 /* the 102nd key (actually to the right of l-shift) */
};
      </programlisting>
      <para>
        Next, assign each scancode the characters imprinted on the
        keycaps. This was done (sort of) for the US 101-key keyboard,
        which you can find near the top in
        <filename>keyboard.c</filename>. It also shows that if there
        is no 102nd key, you can skip that.
      </para>
      <para>
        However, for most international 102-key keyboards, we have
        done it easy for you. The scancode layout for these already
        pretty much matches the physical layout in the
        <function>main_key_scan</function>, so all you need to do is
        to go through all the keys that generate characters on your
        main keyboard (except spacebar), and stuff those into an
        appropriate table. The only exception is that the 102nd key,
        which is usually to the left of the first key of the last line
        (usually <keycap>Z</keycap>), must be placed on a separate
        line after the last line.
      </para>
      <para>
        For example, my Norwegian keyboard looks like this
      </para>
      <screen>
§  !  "  #  ¤  %  &  /  (  )  =  ?  `  Back-
|  1  2@ 3£ 4$ 5  6  7{ 8[ 9] 0} +  \´ space

Tab Q  W  E  R  T  Y  U  I  O  P  Å  ^
                                     ¨~
                                        Enter
Caps A  S  D  F  G  H  J  K  L  Ø  Æ  *
Lock                                  '

Sh- > Z  X  C  V  B  N  M  ;  :  _  Shift
ift &lt;                      ,  .  -

Ctrl  Alt       Spacebar       AltGr  Ctrl
      </screen>
      <para>
        Note the 102nd key, which is the <keycap>&lt;></keycap> key, to
        the left of <keycap>Z</keycap>. The character to the right of
        the main character is the character generated by
        <keycap>AltGr</keycap>.
      </para>
      <para>
        This keyboard is defined as follows:
      </para>
      <programlisting>
static const char main_key_NO[MAIN_LEN][4] =
{
 "|§","1!","2\"@","3#£","4¤$","5%","6&","7/{","8([","9)]","0=}","+?","\\´",
 "qQ","wW","eE","rR","tT","yY","uU","iI","oO","pP","åÅ","¨^~",
 "aA","sS","dD","fF","gG","hH","jJ","kK","lL","øØ","æÆ","'*",
 "zZ","xX","cC","vV","bB","nN","mM",",;",".:","-_",
 "&lt;>"
};   
      </programlisting>
      <para>
        Except that " and \ needs to be quoted with a backslash, and
        that the 102nd key is on a separate line, it's pretty
        straightforward.
      </para>
      <para>
        After you have written such a table, you need to add it to the
        <function>main_key_tab[]</function> layout index table. This
        will look like this:
      </para>
      <programlisting>
static struct {
 WORD lang, ansi_codepage, oem_codepage;
 const char (*key)[MAIN_LEN][4];
} main_key_tab[]={
...
...
 {MAKELANGID(LANG_NORWEGIAN,SUBLANG_DEFAULT),  1252, 865, &amp;main_key_NO},  
...
      </programlisting>
      <para>
        After you have added your table, recompile Wine and test that
        it works. If it fails to detect your table, try running
      </para>
      <screen>
wine --debugmsg +key,+keyboard >& key.log
      </screen>
      <para>
        and look in the resulting <filename>key.log</filename> file to
        find the error messages it gives for your layout.
      </para>
      <para>
        Note that the <constant>LANG_*</constant> and
        <constant>SUBLANG_*</constant> definitions are in
        <filename>include/winnls.h</filename>, which you might need to
        know to find out which numbers your language is assigned, and
        find it in the debugmsg output. The numbers will be
        <literal>(SUBLANG * 0x400 + LANG)</literal>, so, for example
        the combination <literal>LANG_NORWEGIAN (0x14)</literal> and
        <literal>SUBLANG_DEFAULT (0x1)</literal> will be (in hex)
        <literal>14 + 1*400 = 414</literal>, so since I'm Norwegian, I
        could look for <literal>0414</literal> in the debugmsg output
        to find out why my keyboard won't detect.
      </para>
      <para>
        Once it works, submit it to the Wine project. If you use CVS,
        you will just have to do
      </para>
      <screen>
cvs -z3 diff -u dlls/x11drv/keyboard.c > layout.diff
      </screen>
      <para>
        from your main Wine directory, then submit
        <filename>layout.diff</filename> to
        <email>wine-patches@winehq.com</email> along with a brief note
        of what it is.
      </para>
      <para>
        If you don't use CVS, you need to do
      </para>
      <screen>
diff -u the_backup_file_you_made dlls/x11drv/keyboard.c > layout.diff
      </screen>
      <para>
        and submit it as explained above.
      </para>
      <para>
        If you did it right, it will be included in the next Wine
        release, and all the troublesome applications (especially
        remote-control applications) and games that use scancodes will
        be happily using your keyboard layout, and you won't get those
        annoying fixme messages either.
      </para>
      <para>
        Good luck.
      </para>
    </sect1>

  </chapter>

<!-- Keep this comment at the end of the file
Local variables:
mode: sgml
sgml-parent-document:("wine-doc.sgml" "set" "book" "chapter" "")
End:
-->