1 Copyright 1999 Adam Sacarny (magicbox@bestweb.net)
2 1. WHAT IS THE WINE CONFIG FILE?
4 The Wine config file stores various settings for Wine. These include:
5 Drives and Information about them
13 This section will guide you through the process of making a config file. Take a
14 look at the file <dirs to wine>/wine.ini
15 It is organized by section.
18 Name | Needed? | What it does
19 ----------------------------------------------------------------
20 [Drive X] | yes | Sets up drives recognized by wine
21 [wine] | yes | Settings for wine directories
22 [DllDefaults] | recmd | Defaults for loading DLL's
23 [DllPairs] | recmd | Sanity checkers for DLL's
24 [DllOverrides] | recmd | Overides defaults for DLL loading
25 [options] | no | No one seems to know
26 [fonts] | yes | Font appearance and recognition
27 [serialports] | no | COM ports seen by wine
28 [parallelports] | no | LPT ports seen by wine
29 [spooler] | no | Print spooling
30 [ports] | no | Direct port access
31 [spy] | no | What to do with certain debug messages
32 [Registry] | no | Specifies locations of windows registry files
33 [tweak.layout] | recmd | Appearance of wine
34 [programs] | no | Programs to be run automatically
35 [Console] | no | Console settings
37 2.1 THE [Drive X] SECTION
38 It should be pretty self explanatory, but here is an in-depth tutorial about
40 There are up to 6 lines for each drive in Wine.
44 The above line begins the section for a drive whose letter is X.
48 This path is where the drive will begin. When Wine is browsing in drive X, it
49 will see the files that are in the directory "/dir/to/path". Don't forget to
50 leave off the trailing slash!
52 Type=floppy|hd|cdrom|network <--- the |'s mean Type=<one of the options>
54 Sets up the type of drive Wine will see it as. Type must equal one of the four
55 "floppy", "hd", "cdrom", or "network". They are self-explanatory.
59 Defines the drive label. Generally only needed for programs that look for a
60 special CD-ROM. Info on finding the lable is in <dirs to
61 wine>/documentation/cdrom-labels. The label may be up to 11 characters.
65 Tells Wine the serial number of the drive. A few programs with intense
66 protection for pirating might need this, but otherwise don't use it. Up to 8
67 characters and hexadecimal.
69 Filesystem=msdos|win95|unix
71 Sets up the way Wine looks at files on the drive.
73 msdos -> Case insensitive filesystem. Alike to DOS and Windows 3.x.
74 8.3 is the maximum length of files (eightdot.123) - longer ones will be
75 truncated. (NOTE: this is a very bad choice if you plan on running apps
76 that use long filenames. win95 should work fine with apps that were
77 designed to run under the msdos system. In other words, you might not
80 win95 -> Case insensitive. Alike to Windows 9x/NT 4. This is the long
81 filename filesystem you are probably used to working with. The
82 filesystem of choice for most applications to be run under wine.
83 PROBABLY THE ONE YOU WANT
85 unix -> Case sensitive. This filesystem has almost no use (Windows apps
86 expect case insensitive filenames). Try it if you dare, but win95 is a
91 Use this ONLY for floppy and cdrom devices. Using it on Extended2 partitions can
92 have dire results (When a windows app tries to do a lowlevel write, they do it
93 in a FAT way -- FAT does not mix with Extended2). Currently, it is useless when
94 used on cdrom's, however functionality could be implemented later to allow wine
95 to automatically find the cdrom label.
96 NOTE: This setting is not terribly important, almost all apps will have no
97 problem if it remains unspecified. If you are unsure about specifying device
98 names, just leave out this setting for your drives.
100 Here is a setup for Drive X, a generic hard drive:
106 This is a setup for Drive X, a generic CD-ROM drive:
110 Label=Total Annihilation
113 And here is a setup for Drive X, a generic floppy drive:
122 2.2 THE [wine] SECTION
124 The [wine] section of the configuration file contains information wine uses for
125 directories. When specifying the directories for the settings, make them as they
126 would appear in wine. If your drive C has a Path of /dos, and your windows
127 directory is located in /dos/windows, Windows=c:\windows.
131 Sets up the windows directory. Make one if you don't have windows. NO TRAILING
132 SLASH (NOT C:\windows\)!
134 System=c:\windows\system
136 Sets up where the windows system files are. Should reside in the directory used
137 for the "Windows" setting. If you don't have windows then this is where the
138 system files will go. NO TRAILING SLASH!
142 This should be the directory you want your temp files stored in. YOU MUST HAVE
145 Path=c:\windows;c:\windows\system;c:\blanco
147 Behaves like the PATH setting on unix boxes. When wine is run like "wine
148 sol.exe", if sol.exe resides in a directory specified in the "Path" setting,
149 wine will run it (Of course, if sol.exe resides in the current directory, wine
150 will run that one). Make sure it always has your windows directory and system
151 directory (For this setup, it must have c:\windows;c:\windows\system).
153 SymbolTableFile=wine.sym
155 Sets up the symbol table file for the wine debugger. You probably don't need to
156 fiddle with this. May be useful if your wine is stripped.
160 Tells wine whether to allow printer drivers and printing to work. Using these
161 things are pretty alpha, so you might want to watch out. Some people might find
162 it useful, however. If you're not planning on working on printing, don't even
163 add this to your wine.ini (It probably isn't already in it). Check out the
164 [spooler] and [parallelports] sections too.
166 2.3 INTRODUCTION TO DLL SECTIONS
168 There are a few things you will need to know before configuring the DLL sections
169 in your wine configuration file.
171 2.3.1 WINDOWS DLL PAIRS
173 Most windows DLL's have a win16 (Windows 3.x) and win32 (Windows 9x/NT)
174 form. The combination of the win16 and win32 DLL versions are called
175 the "DLL pair". This is a list of the most common pairs:
176 Win16 | Win32 | Native*
177 -----------------------------
178 KERNEL | KERNEL32 | No!
180 SHELL | SHELL32 | Yes
182 COMMDLG | COMDLG32 | Yes
184 *-Is it possible to use native dll with wine?(See next section)
186 2.3.2 DIFFERENT FORMS OF DLL'S
188 There are a few different forms of DLL's wine can load:
189 native -> The DLL's that are included with windows. Many windows
190 DLL's can be loaded in their native form. Many times these
191 native versions work better than their non-Microsoft equivalent
192 -- other times they don't.
193 elfdll -> ELF encapsulated windows DLL's. This is currently
194 experimental (Not working yet).
195 so -> Native ELF libraries. Will not work yet.
196 builtin -> The most common form of DLL loading. This is what you
197 will use if the DLL is error-prone in native form (KERNEL for
198 example), you don't have the native DLL, or you just want to be
201 2.4 THE [DllDefaults] SECTION
203 These settings provide wine's default handling of DLL loading.
205 EXTRA_LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/dirs
207 The directory specified here is appended to the normal search path for certain
208 forms of DLL's (elfdll and .so).
210 DefaultLoadOrder = native, elfdll, so, builtin
212 This setting is a comma-delimited list of which order to attempt loading DLL's.
213 If the first option fails, it will try the second, and so on. The order
214 specified above is probably the best in most conditions.
216 2.5 THE [DllPairs] SECTION
218 This section is optional, but strongly recommended. If you try to use native
219 SHELL32, but builtin SHELL, you could have some big problems (native and
220 builtin/so/elfdll do certain things in different ways). Using different forms of
221 a pair is a *very*, **very** bad idea. By specifying DLL pairs here, wine will
222 print out a message if you use different forms of a pair.
223 You shouldn't need to change anything in this section, the following should work
237 2.6 THE [DllOverrides] SECTION
239 The format for this section is the same for each line:
241 <DLL>{,<DLL>,<DLL>...} = <FORM>{,<FORM>,<FORM>...}
243 For example, to load builtin KERNEL pair (Case doesn't matter here):
245 kernel,kernel32 = builtin
247 To load the native COMMDLG pair, but if that doesn't work try builtin:
249 commdlg,comdlg32 = native,builtin
251 To load the native COMCTL32:
255 Here is a good generic setup (As it is defined in wine.ini that was included
256 with your wine package):
259 kernel32, gdi32, user32 = builtin
260 kernel, gdi, user = builtin
262 comdlg32, commdlg = elfdll, builtin, native
263 version, ver = elfdll, builtin, native
264 shell32, shell = builtin, native
265 lz32, lzexpand = builtin, native
266 commctrl, comctl32 = builtin, native
267 wsock32, winsock = builtin
268 advapi32, crtdll, ntdll = builtin, native
269 mpr, winspool = builtin, native
270 ddraw, dinput, dsound = builtin, native
271 winmm, w32skrnl, msvfw32= builtin
272 wnaspi32, wow32 = builtin
273 system, display, wprocs = builtin
276 NOTE: You see that elfdll or so is the first option for a few of these dll's.
277 This will fail for you, but you won't notice it as wine will just use the second
280 2.7 THE [options] SECTION
282 No one seems to know what this section is...
284 AllocSystemColors=100
286 System colors to allocate? Just leave it at 100.
288 2.8 THE [fonts] SECTION
290 This section sets up wine's font handling.
294 Since the way X handles fonts is different from the way Windows does, wine uses
295 a special mechanism to deal with them. It must scale them using the number
296 defined in the "Resolution" setting. 60-120 are reasonable values, 96 is a nice
297 in the middle one. If you have the real windows fonts available (<dirs to
298 wine>/documentation/ttfserver and fonts), this parameter will not be as
299 important. Of course, it's always good to get your X fonts working acceptably in
302 Default = -adobe-times-
304 The default font wine uses. Fool around with it if you'd like.
308 The "Alias" setting allows you to map an X font to a font used in wine. This is
309 good for apps that need a special font you don't have, but a good replacement
310 exists. The syntax is like so:
312 AliasX = [Fake windows name],[Real X name]<,optional "masking" section>
314 Pretty straightforward. Replace "AliasX" with "Alias0", then "Alias1" and so on.
315 The fake windows name is the name that the font will be under a windows app in
316 wine. The real X name is the font name as seen by X (Run "xfontsel").
317 The optional "masking" section allows you to utilize the fake windows name you
318 define. If it is not used, then wine will just try to extract the fake windows
319 name itself and not use the value you enter.
321 Here is an example of an alias without masking. The font will show up in windows
322 apps as "Google". When defining an alias in a config file, forget about my
323 comment text (The "<-- blah" stuff)
325 Alias0 = Foo,--google- <-- Note the no spaces after the " = ". Important!
327 Here is an example with masking enabled. The font will show up as "Foo" in
330 Alias1 = Foo,--google-,subst
332 For more info check out <dirs to wine>/documentation/fonts
334 2.9 THE [serialports], [parallelports], [spooler], AND [ports] SECTIONS
336 Even though it sounds like a lot of sections, these are all closely related.
337 They all are for communications and parallel ports.
339 The [serialports] section tells wine what serial ports it is allowed to use.
343 Replace X with the number of the COM port in Windows (1-8) and Y with the
344 number of it in X (Usually the number of the port in Windows minus 1). ComX can
345 actually equal any device (/dev/modem is acceptable). It is not always necessary
346 to define any COM ports (An optional setting). Here is an example:
350 Use as many of these as you like in the section to define all of the COM ports
353 The [parallelports] section sets up any parallel ports that will be allowed
358 Seem farmiliar? Syntax is just like the COM port setting. Replace X with a value
359 from 1-4 as it is in Windows and Y with a value from 0-3 (Y is usually the value
360 in windows minus 1, just like for COM ports). You don't always need to define a
361 parallel port (AKA, it's optional). As with the other section, LptX can equal
362 any device (Maybe /dev/printer). Here is an example:
366 The [spooler] section will inform wine where to spool print jobs. Use this if
367 you want to try printing. Wine docs claim that spooling is "rather primitive" at
368 this time, so it won't work perfectly. IT IS OPTIONAL
369 The only setting you use in this section works to map a port (LPT1, for example)
370 to a file or a command. Here is an example, mapping LPT1 to the file "out.ps":
374 The following command maps printing jobs to LPT1 to the command "lpr". Notice
379 The [ports] section is usually useful only for people who need direct port
380 access for programs requiring dongles or scanners. IF YOU DON'T NEED IT, DON'T
383 read=0x779,0x379,0x280-0x2a0
385 Gives direct read access to those IO's.
387 write=0x779,0x379,0x280-0x2a0
389 Gives direct write access to those IO's. It probably a good idea to keep the
390 values of the "read" and "write" settings the same. This stuff will only work
393 2.10 THE [spy], [Registry], [tweak.layout], and [programs] SECTIONS
395 [spy] is used to Include or exclude debug messages, and to output them to a
396 file. The latter is rarely used. THESE ARE ALL OPTIONAL AND YOU PROBABLY DON'T
397 NEED TO ADD OR REMOVE ANYTHING IN THIS SECTION TO YOUR CONFIG.
401 Sets the logfile for wine. Set to CON to log to standard out. THIS IS RARELY
404 Exclude=WM_SIZE;WM_TIMER;
406 Excludes debug messages about WM_SIZE and WM_TIMER in the logfile.
408 Include=WM_SIZE;WM_TIMER;
410 Includes debug messages about WM_SIZE and WM_TIMER in the logfile.
412 [Registry] can be used to tell wine where your old windows registry files exist. This
413 section is completely optional and useless to people using wine without an existing
414 windows installation.
416 UserFileName=/dirs/to/user.reg
418 The location of your old user.reg file.
420 LocalMachineFileName=/dirs/to/system.reg
422 The location of your old system.reg file.
424 [tweak.layout] is devoted to wine's look. There is only one setting for it.
426 WineLook=win31|win95|win98
428 Will change the look of wine from Windows 3.1 to Windows 95. "win98" behaves
429 just like "win95" most of the time.
431 [programs] can be used to say what programs run under special conditions.
433 Default=/program/to/execute.exe
435 Sets the program to be run if wine is started without specifying a program.
437 Startup=/program/to/execute.exe
439 Sets the program to automatically be run at startup every time.
441 3. WHERE DO I PUT IT?
443 The wine config file can go in two places.
445 /usr/local/etc/wine.conf <--- A systemwide config file, used for anyone
446 who doesn't have their own.
447 $HOME/.winerc <--- Your own config file, that only is used for your
450 So copy the file you made to be the wine.conf to /usr/local/etc/wine.conf or
451 $HOME/.winerc for wine to recognize it.
453 4. WHAT IF IT DOESN'T WORK?
455 There is always a chance that things will go wrong. If the unthinkable happens,
456 try the newsgroup, comp.emulators.ms-windows.wine
457 Make sure that you have looked over this document thoroughly, and have also
460 documentation/bugreports
461 http://www.westfalen.de/witch/wine-HOWTO.txt (Optional but recommended)
462 If indeed it looks like you've done your research, be prepared for helpful
463 suggestions. If you haven't, brace yourself for heaving flaming.