4 * Copyright 1995 Alexandre Julliard
5 * Copyright 1996 Marcus Meissner
7 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
8 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
9 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
10 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
12 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
13 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
14 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
15 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
17 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
18 * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
19 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
26 #include <sys/types.h>
32 #include "wine/winbase16.h"
34 #include "kernel16_private.h"
36 #include "wine/debug.h"
38 WINE_DEFAULT_DEBUG_CHANNEL(dosmem
);
39 WINE_DECLARE_DEBUG_CHANNEL(selector
);
41 WORD DOSMEM_0000H
; /* segment at 0:0 */
42 WORD DOSMEM_BiosDataSeg
; /* BIOS data segment at 0x40:0 */
43 WORD DOSMEM_BiosSysSeg
; /* BIOS ROM segment at 0xf000:0 */
48 /* DOS memory highest address (including HMA) */
49 #define DOSMEM_SIZE 0x110000
50 #define DOSMEM_64KB 0x10000
53 * Memory Control Block (MCB) definition
54 * FIXME: implement Allocation Strategy
57 #define MCB_DUMP(mc) \
58 TRACE ("MCB_DUMP base=%p type=%02xh psp=%04xh size=%04xh\n", mc, mc->type, mc->psp , mc->size )
60 #define MCB_NEXT(mc) \
61 (MCB*) ((mc->type==MCB_TYPE_LAST) ? NULL : (char*)(mc) + ((mc->size + 1) << 4) )
63 /* FIXME: should we check more? */
64 #define MCB_VALID(mc) \
65 ((mc->type==MCB_TYPE_NORMAL) || (mc->type==MCB_TYPE_LAST))
68 #define MCB_TYPE_NORMAL 0x4d
69 #define MCB_TYPE_LAST 0x5a
71 #define MCB_PSP_DOS 0x0060
72 #define MCB_PSP_FREE 0
77 WORD psp
; /* segment of owner psp */
78 WORD size
; /* in paragraphs */
85 #define __DOSMEM_DEBUG__
88 #define VM_STUB(x) (0x90CF00CD|(x<<8)) /* INT x; IRET; NOP */
89 #define VM_STUB_SEGMENT 0xf000 /* BIOS segment */
91 /* FIXME: this should be moved to the LOL */
92 static MCB
* DOSMEM_root_block
;
94 /* when looking at DOS and real mode memory, we activate in three different
95 * modes, depending the situation.
96 * 1/ By default (protected mode), the first MB of memory (actually 0x110000,
97 * when you also look at the HMA part) is always reserved, whatever you do.
98 * We allocated some PM selectors to this memory, even if this area is not
99 * committed at startup
100 * 2/ if a program tries to use the memory through the selectors, we actually
101 * commit this memory, made of: BIOS segment, but also some system
102 * information, usually low in memory that we map for the circumstance also
103 * in the BIOS segment, so that we keep the low memory protected (for NULL
104 * pointer deref catching for example). In this case, we're still in PM
105 * mode, accessing part of the "physical" real mode memory. In fact, we don't
106 * map all the first meg, we keep 64k uncommitted to still catch NULL
107 * pointers dereference
108 * 3/ if the process enters the real mode, then we (also) commit the full first
109 * MB of memory (and also initialize the DOS structures in it).
112 /* DOS memory base (linear in process address space) */
113 static char *DOSMEM_dosmem
;
114 static char *DOSMEM_sysmem
;
115 /* number of bytes protected from _dosmem. 0 when DOS memory is initialized,
116 * 64k otherwise to trap NULL pointers deref */
117 static DWORD DOSMEM_protect
;
119 static LONG WINAPI
dosmem_handler(EXCEPTION_POINTERS
* except
);
120 static void *vectored_handler
;
122 /***********************************************************************
123 * DOSMEM_FillIsrTable
125 * Fill the interrupt table with fake BIOS calls to BIOSSEG (0xf000).
128 * Linux normally only traps INTs performed from or destined to BIOSSEG
129 * for us to handle, if the int_revectored table is empty. Filling the
130 * interrupt table with calls to INT stubs in BIOSSEG allows DOS programs
131 * to hook interrupts, as well as use their familiar retf tricks to call
132 * them, AND let Wine handle any unhooked interrupts transparently.
134 static void DOSMEM_FillIsrTable(void)
136 SEGPTR
*isr
= (SEGPTR
*)DOSMEM_sysmem
;
139 for (x
=0; x
<256; x
++) isr
[x
]=MAKESEGPTR(VM_STUB_SEGMENT
,x
*4);
142 static void DOSMEM_MakeIsrStubs(void)
144 DWORD
*stub
= (DWORD
*)(DOSMEM_dosmem
+ (VM_STUB_SEGMENT
<< 4));
147 for (x
=0; x
<256; x
++) stub
[x
]=VM_STUB(x
);
150 BIOSDATA
* DOSVM_BiosData(void)
152 return (BIOSDATA
*)(DOSMEM_sysmem
+ 0x400);
155 /**********************************************************************
156 * DOSMEM_GetTicksSinceMidnight
158 * Return number of clock ticks since midnight.
160 static DWORD
DOSMEM_GetTicksSinceMidnight(void)
164 /* This should give us the (approximately) correct
165 * 18.206 clock ticks per second since midnight.
168 GetLocalTime( &time
);
170 return (((time
.wHour
* 3600 + time
.wMinute
* 60 +
171 time
.wSecond
) * 18206) / 1000) +
172 (time
.wMilliseconds
* 1000 / 54927);
175 /***********************************************************************
176 * DOSMEM_FillBiosSegments
178 * Fill the BIOS data segment with dummy values.
180 static void DOSMEM_FillBiosSegments(void)
182 BYTE
*pBiosSys
= (BYTE
*)DOSMEM_dosmem
+ 0xf0000;
183 BYTE
*pBiosROMTable
= pBiosSys
+0xe6f5;
184 BIOSDATA
*pBiosData
= DOSVM_BiosData();
185 static const char bios_date
[] = "13/01/99";
187 /* Clear all unused values */
188 memset( pBiosData
, 0, sizeof(*pBiosData
) );
190 /* FIXME: should check the number of configured drives and ports */
191 pBiosData
->Com1Addr
= 0x3f8;
192 pBiosData
->Com2Addr
= 0x2f8;
193 pBiosData
->Lpt1Addr
= 0x378;
194 pBiosData
->Lpt2Addr
= 0x278;
195 pBiosData
->InstalledHardware
= 0x5463;
196 pBiosData
->MemSize
= 640;
197 pBiosData
->NextKbdCharPtr
= 0x1e;
198 pBiosData
->FirstKbdCharPtr
= 0x1e;
199 pBiosData
->VideoMode
= 3;
200 pBiosData
->VideoColumns
= 80;
201 pBiosData
->VideoPageSize
= 80 * 25 * 2;
202 pBiosData
->VideoPageStartAddr
= 0xb800;
203 pBiosData
->VideoCtrlAddr
= 0x3d4;
204 pBiosData
->Ticks
= DOSMEM_GetTicksSinceMidnight();
205 pBiosData
->NbHardDisks
= 2;
206 pBiosData
->KbdBufferStart
= 0x1e;
207 pBiosData
->KbdBufferEnd
= 0x3e;
208 pBiosData
->RowsOnScreenMinus1
= 24;
209 pBiosData
->BytesPerChar
= 0x10;
210 pBiosData
->ModeOptions
= 0x64;
211 pBiosData
->FeatureBitsSwitches
= 0xf9;
212 pBiosData
->VGASettings
= 0x51;
213 pBiosData
->DisplayCombination
= 0x08;
214 pBiosData
->DiskDataRate
= 0;
216 /* fill ROM configuration table (values from Award) */
217 *(pBiosROMTable
+0x0) = 0x08; /* number of bytes following LO */
218 *(pBiosROMTable
+0x1) = 0x00; /* number of bytes following HI */
219 *(pBiosROMTable
+0x2) = 0xfc; /* model */
220 *(pBiosROMTable
+0x3) = 0x01; /* submodel */
221 *(pBiosROMTable
+0x4) = 0x00; /* BIOS revision */
222 *(pBiosROMTable
+0x5) = 0x74; /* feature byte 1 */
223 *(pBiosROMTable
+0x6) = 0x00; /* feature byte 2 */
224 *(pBiosROMTable
+0x7) = 0x00; /* feature byte 3 */
225 *(pBiosROMTable
+0x8) = 0x00; /* feature byte 4 */
226 *(pBiosROMTable
+0x9) = 0x00; /* feature byte 5 */
228 /* BIOS date string */
229 memcpy(pBiosSys
+0xfff5, bios_date
, sizeof bios_date
);
232 *(pBiosSys
+0xfffe) = 0xfc;
234 /* Reboot vector (f000:fff0 or ffff:0000) */
235 *(DWORD
*)(pBiosSys
+ 0xfff0) = VM_STUB(0x19);
238 /***********************************************************************
241 * Increment the BIOS tick counter. Called by timer signal handler.
243 static void CALLBACK
BiosTick( LPVOID arg
, DWORD low
, DWORD high
)
245 BIOSDATA
*pBiosData
= arg
;
249 /***********************************************************************
252 static DWORD CALLBACK
timer_thread( void *arg
)
257 if (!(timer
= CreateWaitableTimerA( NULL
, FALSE
, NULL
))) return 0;
259 when
.u
.LowPart
= when
.u
.HighPart
= 0;
260 SetWaitableTimer( timer
, &when
, 55 /* actually 54.925 */, BiosTick
, arg
, FALSE
);
261 for (;;) SleepEx( INFINITE
, TRUE
);
264 /***********************************************************************
265 * DOSVM_start_bios_timer
267 * Start the BIOS ticks timer when the app accesses selector 0x40.
269 void DOSVM_start_bios_timer(void)
273 if (!InterlockedExchange( &running
, 1 ))
274 CloseHandle( CreateThread( NULL
, 0, timer_thread
, DOSVM_BiosData(), 0, NULL
));
277 /***********************************************************************
280 * Helper function for internal use only.
281 * Attach all following free blocks to this one, even if this one is not free.
283 static void DOSMEM_Collapse( MCB
* mcb
)
285 MCB
* next
= MCB_NEXT( mcb
);
287 while (next
&& next
->psp
== MCB_PSP_FREE
)
289 mcb
->size
= mcb
->size
+ next
->size
+ 1;
290 mcb
->type
= next
->type
; /* make sure keeping MCB_TYPE_LAST */
291 next
= MCB_NEXT( next
);
296 /***********************************************************************
297 * DOSMEM_InitSegments
299 static void DOSMEM_InitSegments(void)
305 * PM / offset N*5: Interrupt N in 16-bit protected mode.
307 int16_sel
= GLOBAL_Alloc( GMEM_FIXED
, 5 * 256, 0, LDT_FLAGS_CODE
);
308 ptr
= GlobalLock16( int16_sel
);
309 for(i
=0; i
<256; i
++) {
311 * Each 16-bit interrupt handler is 5 bytes:
312 * 0xCD,<i> = int <i> (interrupt)
313 * 0xCA,0x02,0x00 = ret 2 (16-bit far return and pop 2 bytes / eflags)
315 ptr
[i
* 5 + 0] = 0xCD;
317 ptr
[i
* 5 + 2] = 0xCA;
318 ptr
[i
* 5 + 3] = 0x02;
319 ptr
[i
* 5 + 4] = 0x00;
321 GlobalUnlock16( int16_sel
);
324 /******************************************************************
325 * DOSMEM_InitDosMemory
327 BOOL
DOSMEM_InitDosMemory(void)
330 static HANDLE hRunOnce
;
333 if (done
) return TRUE
;
335 /* FIXME: this isn't 100% thread safe, as we won't catch accesses while initializing */
338 HANDLE hEvent
= CreateEventW( NULL
, TRUE
, FALSE
, NULL
);
339 if (InterlockedCompareExchangePointer( &hRunOnce
, hEvent
, 0 ) == 0)
344 /* ok, we're the winning thread */
345 if (!(ret
= VirtualProtect( DOSMEM_dosmem
+ DOSMEM_protect
,
346 DOSMEM_SIZE
- DOSMEM_protect
,
347 PAGE_READWRITE
, &old_prot
)))
348 ERR("Cannot load access low 1Mb, DOS subsystem unavailable\n");
349 RemoveVectoredExceptionHandler( vectored_handler
);
353 * - lowest 64k for NULL pointer catching (Win16)
354 * - lowest 1k for interrupt handlers and
355 * another 0.5k for BIOS, DOS and intra-application
358 if (DOSMEM_dosmem
!= DOSMEM_sysmem
)
359 reserve
= 0x10000; /* 64k */
361 reserve
= 0x600; /* 1.5k */
364 * Set DOS memory base and initialize conventional memory.
366 DOSMEM_FillBiosSegments();
367 DOSMEM_FillIsrTable();
369 /* align root block to paragraph */
370 DOSMEM_root_block
= (MCB
*)(DOSMEM_dosmem
+ reserve
);
371 DOSMEM_root_block
->type
= MCB_TYPE_LAST
;
372 DOSMEM_root_block
->psp
= MCB_PSP_FREE
;
373 DOSMEM_root_block
->size
= (DOSMEM_dosmem
+ 0x9fffc - ((char*)DOSMEM_root_block
)) >> 4;
375 TRACE("DOS conventional memory initialized, %d bytes free.\n",
378 DOSMEM_InitSegments();
380 SetEvent( hRunOnce
);
384 /* someone beat us here... */
385 CloseHandle( hEvent
);
388 /* and wait for the winner to have finished */
389 WaitForSingleObject( hRunOnce
, INFINITE
);
393 /******************************************************************
396 * Handler to catch access to our 1MB address space reserved for real memory
398 static LONG WINAPI
dosmem_handler(EXCEPTION_POINTERS
* except
)
400 if (except
->ExceptionRecord
->ExceptionCode
== EXCEPTION_ACCESS_VIOLATION
)
402 char *addr
= (char *)except
->ExceptionRecord
->ExceptionInformation
[1];
403 if (addr
>= DOSMEM_dosmem
+ DOSMEM_protect
&& addr
< DOSMEM_dosmem
+ DOSMEM_SIZE
)
405 if (DOSMEM_InitDosMemory()) return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_EXECUTION
;
408 return EXCEPTION_CONTINUE_SEARCH
;
411 /***********************************************************************
414 * Create the dos memory segments, and store them into the KERNEL
417 BOOL
DOSMEM_Init(void)
419 void *addr
= (void *)1;
420 SIZE_T size
= DOSMEM_SIZE
- 1;
422 if (NtAllocateVirtualMemory( GetCurrentProcess(), &addr
, 0, &size
,
423 MEM_RESERVE
| MEM_COMMIT
, PAGE_NOACCESS
))
425 ERR( "Cannot allocate DOS memory\n" );
429 if (addr
<= (void *)DOSMEM_64KB
)
432 DOSMEM_protect
= DOSMEM_64KB
;
433 DOSMEM_sysmem
= (char *)0xf0000; /* store sysmem in high addresses for now */
437 WARN( "First megabyte not available for DOS address space.\n" );
438 DOSMEM_dosmem
= addr
;
440 DOSMEM_sysmem
= DOSMEM_dosmem
;
443 vectored_handler
= AddVectoredExceptionHandler(FALSE
, dosmem_handler
);
444 DOSMEM_0000H
= GLOBAL_CreateBlock( GMEM_FIXED
, DOSMEM_sysmem
,
445 DOSMEM_64KB
, 0, LDT_FLAGS_DATA
);
446 DOSMEM_BiosDataSeg
= GLOBAL_CreateBlock( GMEM_FIXED
, DOSMEM_sysmem
+ 0x400,
447 0x100, 0, LDT_FLAGS_DATA
);
448 DOSMEM_BiosSysSeg
= GLOBAL_CreateBlock( GMEM_FIXED
, DOSMEM_dosmem
+ 0xf0000,
449 DOSMEM_64KB
, 0, LDT_FLAGS_DATA
);
454 /***********************************************************************
455 * DOSMEM_MapLinearToDos
457 * Linear address to the DOS address space.
459 UINT
DOSMEM_MapLinearToDos(LPVOID ptr
)
461 if (((char*)ptr
>= DOSMEM_dosmem
) &&
462 ((char*)ptr
< DOSMEM_dosmem
+ DOSMEM_SIZE
))
463 return (char *)ptr
- DOSMEM_dosmem
;
468 /***********************************************************************
469 * DOSMEM_MapDosToLinear
471 * DOS linear address to the linear address space.
473 LPVOID
DOSMEM_MapDosToLinear(UINT ptr
)
475 if (ptr
< DOSMEM_SIZE
) return DOSMEM_dosmem
+ ptr
;
480 /***********************************************************************
481 * DOSMEM_MapRealToLinear
483 * Real mode DOS address into a linear pointer
485 LPVOID
DOSMEM_MapRealToLinear(DWORD x
)
489 lin
= DOSMEM_dosmem
+ HIWORD(x
) * 16 + LOWORD(x
);
490 TRACE_(selector
)("(0x%08lx) returns %p.\n", x
, lin
);
494 /***********************************************************************
497 * Carve a chunk of the DOS memory block (without selector).
499 LPVOID
DOSMEM_AllocBlock(UINT size
, UINT16
* pseg
)
505 DOSMEM_InitDosMemory();
507 curr
= DOSMEM_root_block
;
508 if (!(psp
= DOSVM_psp
)) psp
= MCB_PSP_DOS
;
512 TRACE( "(%04xh)\n", size
);
514 /* round up to paragraph */
515 size
= (size
+ 15) >> 4;
517 #ifdef __DOSMEM_DEBUG__
518 DOSMEM_Available(); /* checks the whole MCB list */
521 /* loop over all MCB and search the next large enough MCB */
524 if (!MCB_VALID (curr
))
526 ERR( "MCB List Corrupt\n" );
530 if (curr
->psp
== MCB_PSP_FREE
)
532 DOSMEM_Collapse( curr
);
533 /* is it large enough (one paragraph for the MCB)? */
534 if (curr
->size
>= size
)
536 if (curr
->size
> size
)
539 next
= (MCB
*) ((char*) curr
+ ((size
+1) << 4));
540 next
->psp
= MCB_PSP_FREE
;
541 next
->size
= curr
->size
- (size
+1);
542 next
->type
= curr
->type
;
543 curr
->type
= MCB_TYPE_NORMAL
;
546 /* curr is the found block */
548 if( pseg
) *pseg
= (((char*)curr
) + 16 - DOSMEM_dosmem
) >> 4;
549 return (LPVOID
) ((char*)curr
+ 16);
552 curr
= MCB_NEXT(curr
);
557 /***********************************************************************
560 BOOL
DOSMEM_FreeBlock(void* ptr
)
562 MCB
* mcb
= (MCB
*) ((char*)ptr
- 16);
564 TRACE( "(%p)\n", ptr
);
566 #ifdef __DOSMEM_DEBUG__
570 if (!MCB_VALID (mcb
))
572 ERR( "MCB invalid\n" );
577 mcb
->psp
= MCB_PSP_FREE
;
578 DOSMEM_Collapse( mcb
);
582 /***********************************************************************
585 * Resize DOS memory block in place. Returns block size or -1 on error.
587 * If exact is TRUE, returned value is either old or requested block
588 * size. If exact is FALSE, block is expanded even if there is not
589 * enough space for full requested block size.
591 * TODO: return also biggest block size
593 UINT
DOSMEM_ResizeBlock(void *ptr
, UINT size
, BOOL exact
)
595 MCB
* mcb
= (MCB
*) ((char*)ptr
- 16);
598 TRACE( "(%p,%04xh,%s)\n", ptr
, size
, exact
? "TRUE" : "FALSE" );
600 /* round up to paragraph */
601 size
= (size
+ 15) >> 4;
603 #ifdef __DOSMEM_DEBUG__
607 if (!MCB_VALID (mcb
))
609 ERR( "MCB invalid\n" );
615 if (mcb
->size
== size
)
618 /* collapse free blocks */
619 DOSMEM_Collapse( mcb
);
622 if (mcb
->size
> size
)
624 next
= (MCB
*) ((char*)mcb
+ ((size
+1) << 4));
625 next
->type
= mcb
->type
;
626 next
->psp
= MCB_PSP_FREE
;
627 next
->size
= mcb
->size
- (size
+1);
628 mcb
->type
= MCB_TYPE_NORMAL
;
635 return mcb
->size
<< 4;
641 /***********************************************************************
644 UINT
DOSMEM_Available(void)
648 MCB
*curr
= DOSMEM_root_block
;
649 /* loop over all MCB and search the largest free MCB */
652 #ifdef __DOSMEM_DEBUG__
655 if (!MCB_VALID (curr
))
657 ERR( "MCB List Corrupt\n" );
661 if (curr
->psp
== MCB_PSP_FREE
&&
662 curr
->size
> available
)
663 available
= curr
->size
;
665 total
+= curr
->size
+ 1;
666 curr
= MCB_NEXT( curr
);
668 TRACE( " %04xh of %04xh paragraphs available\n", available
, total
);
669 return available
<< 4;
672 /******************************************************************
673 * DOSMEM_MapDosLayout
675 * Initialize the first MB of memory to look like a real DOS setup
677 BOOL
DOSMEM_MapDosLayout(void)
679 static BOOL already_mapped
;
684 if (DOSMEM_dosmem
|| !VirtualProtect( NULL
, DOSMEM_SIZE
, PAGE_EXECUTE_READWRITE
, &old_prot
))
686 ERR( "Need full access to the first megabyte for DOS mode\n" );
689 /* copy the BIOS and ISR area down */
690 memcpy( DOSMEM_dosmem
, DOSMEM_sysmem
, 0x400 + 0x100 );
691 DOSMEM_sysmem
= DOSMEM_dosmem
;
692 SetSelectorBase( DOSMEM_0000H
, 0 );
693 SetSelectorBase( DOSMEM_BiosDataSeg
, 0x400 );
694 /* we may now need the actual interrupt stubs, and since we've just moved the
695 * interrupt vector table away, we can fill the area with stubs instead... */
696 DOSMEM_MakeIsrStubs();
697 already_mapped
= TRUE
;