2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
3 This document is part of the Bochs/VBEBios documentation,
4 it specifies the bochs host <-> vbebios client communication.
6 That means, the display code implementation and the vbebios code depend
7 very heavily on each other. As such, this documents needs be synchronised
8 between bochs CVS and the vgabios CVS.
10 This document does not describe hwo the VBEBios implements the VBE2/3 spec.
11 This document does not describe how the Bochs display code will display gfx based upon this spec.
16 0xb0c0 supports the following VBE_DISPI_ interfaces (present in Bochs 1.4):
21 VBE_DISPI_INDEX_ENABLE
24 Bpp format supported is:
27 0xb0c1 supports 0xb0c0 VBE_DISPI_ interfaces, additional interfaces (present in Bochs 2.0):
28 VBE_DISPI_INDEX_VIRT_WIDTH
29 VBE_DISPI_INDEX_VIRT_HEIGHT
30 VBE_DISPI_INDEX_X_OFFSET
31 VBE_DISPI_INDEX_Y_OFFSET
33 0xb0c2 supports 0xb0c1 VBE_DISPI_ interfaces, interfaces updated for
34 additional features (present in Bochs 2.1):
35 VBE_DISPI_INDEX_BPP supports >8bpp color depth (value = bits)
36 VBE_DISPI_INDEX_ENABLE supports new flags VBE_DISPI_NOCLEARMEM and VBE_DISPI_LFB_ENABLED
37 VBE i/o registers changed from 0xFF80/81 to 0x01CE/CF
39 0xb0c3 supports 0xb0c2 VBE_DISPI_ interfaces, interfaces updated for
41 VBE_DISPI_INDEX_ENABLE supports new flag VBE_DISPI_GETCAPS
46 Version 0.6 2002 Nov 23 Jeroen Janssen
48 - Added Virt width, height and x,y offset
50 Version 0.5 2002 March 08 Jeroen Janssen
51 - Added documentation about panic behaviour / current limits of the data values.
52 - Changed BPP API (in order to include future (A)RGB formats)
53 - Initial version (based upon extended display text of the vbe bochs display patch)
58 Version 0.6 - add virtual width, height, x offset, y offset in bios & bochs
59 (for set/get logical scan line length and set/get display start)
61 Version 0.6+ [random order]
62 - Add lots of different (A)RGB formats
66 [VBE3] VBE 3 Specification at
67 http://www.vesa.org/vbe3.pdf
69 [BOCHS] Bochs Open Source IA-32 Emulator at
70 http://bochs.sourceforge.net
72 [VBEBIOS] VBE Bios for Bochs at
73 http://savannah.gnu.org/projects/vgabios/
75 [Screenshots] Screenshots of programs using the VBE Bios at
76 http://japj.org/projects/bochs_plex86/screenshots.html
80 VBE Vesa Bios Extension
81 DISPI (Bochs) Display Interface
83 LFB Linear Frame Buffer
88 #define VBE_DISPI_TOTAL_VIDEO_MEMORY_MB 4
89 #define VBE_DISPI_BANK_ADDRESS 0xA0000
90 #define VBE_DISPI_BANK_SIZE_KB 64
92 #define VBE_DISPI_MAX_XRES 1024
93 #define VBE_DISPI_MAX_YRES 768
95 #define VBE_DISPI_IOPORT_INDEX 0x01CE
96 #define VBE_DISPI_IOPORT_DATA 0x01CF
98 #define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_ID 0x0
99 #define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_XRES 0x1
100 #define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_YRES 0x2
101 #define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_BPP 0x3
102 #define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_ENABLE 0x4
103 #define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_BANK 0x5
104 #define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_VIRT_WIDTH 0x6
105 #define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_VIRT_HEIGHT 0x7
106 #define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_X_OFFSET 0x8
107 #define VBE_DISPI_INDEX_Y_OFFSET 0x9
109 #define VBE_DISPI_ID0 0xB0C0
110 #define VBE_DISPI_ID1 0xB0C1
111 #define VBE_DISPI_ID2 0xB0C2
113 #define VBE_DISPI_DISABLED 0x00
114 #define VBE_DISPI_ENABLED 0x01
115 #define VBE_DISPI_VBE_ENABLED 0x40
116 #define VBE_DISPI_NOCLEARMEM 0x80
118 #define VBE_DISPI_LFB_PHYSICAL_ADDRESS 0xE0000000
122 The display api works by using a index (VBE_DISPI_IOPORT_INDEX) and
123 data (VBE_DISPI_IOPORT_DATA) ioport. One writes the index of the parameter to the index port.
124 Next, the parameter value can be read or written.
127 * VBE_DISPI_INDEX_ID : WORD {R,W}
128 This parameter can be used to detect the current display API (both bochs & vbebios).
129 The bios writes VBE_DISPI_ID0 to the dataport and reads it back again.
130 This way, the display code knows the vbebios 'ID' and the vbebios can check if the correct
131 display code is present.
132 As a result, a PANIC can be generated if an incompatible vbebios/display code combination is detected.
133 This panic can be generated from the bochs display code (NOT the bios, see Notes).
135 Example values: VBE_DISPI_ID0
137 * VBE_DISPI_INDEX_XRES : WORD {R,W}
138 This parameter can be used to read/write the vbe display X resolution (in pixels).
139 It's illegal to set the XRES when the VBE is enabled (display code should generate PANIC).
141 If the value written exceeds VBE_DISPI_MAX_XRES, the display code needs to generate a PANIC.
143 Example values: 320,640,800,1024
145 * VBE_DISPI_INDEX_YRES : WORD {R,W}
146 This parameter can be used to read/write the vbe display Y resolution (in pixels).
147 It's illegal to set the YRES when the VBE is enabled (display code should generate PANIC).
149 If the value written exceeds VBE_DISPI_MAX_YRES, the display code needs to generate a PANIC.
151 Example values: 200,400,480,600,768
153 * VBE_DISPI_INDEX_BPP : WORD {R,W}
154 This parameter can be used to read/write the vbe display BPP.
155 It's illegal to set the BPP when the VBE is enabled (display code should generate PANIC).
157 If the value written is an incompatible BPP, the display code needs to generate a PANIC.
159 Example values: VBE_DISPI_BPP_8
161 * VBE_DISPI_INDEX_ENABLE : WORD {R,W}
162 This parameter can be used to read/write the vbe ENABLED state.
163 If the bios writes VBE_DISPI_ENABLED then the display code will setup a hostside display mode
164 with the current XRES, YRES and BPP settings.
165 If the bios write VBE_DISPI_DISABLED then the display code will switch back to normal vga mode behaviour.
167 Example values: VBE_DISPI_ENABLED, VBE_DISPI_DISABLED
169 * VBE_DISPI_INDEX_BANK : WORD {R,W}
170 This parameter can be used to read/write the current selected BANK (at 0xA0000).
171 This can be used for switching banks in banked mode.
174 * VBE_DISPI_INDEX_VIRT_WIDTH : WORD {R,W}
175 This parameter can be used to read/write the current virtual width.
176 Upon enabling a mode, this will be set to the current xres
177 Setting this field during enabled mode will result in the virtual width to be changed.
178 Value will be adjusted if current setting is not possible.
180 * VBE_DISPI_INDEX_VIRT_HEIGHT : WORD {R}
181 This parameter can be read in order to obtain the current virtual height.
182 This setting will be adjusted after setting a virtual width in order to stay within limit of video memory.
184 * VBE_DISPI_INDEX_X_OFFSET : WORD {R,W}
185 The current X offset (in pixels!) of the visible screen part.
186 Writing a new offset will also result in a complete screen refresh.
188 * VBE_DISPI_INDEX_Y_OFFSET : WORD {R,W}
189 The current Y offset (in pixels!) of the visible screen part.
190 Writing a new offset will also result in a complete screen refresh.
194 * VBE_DISPI_INDEX_BPP : WORD {R,W}
195 The value written is now the number of bits per pixel. A value of 0 is treated
196 the same as 8 for backward compatibilty. These values are supported: 8, 15,
197 16, 24 and 32. The value of 4 is not handled in the VBE code.
198 * VBE_DISPI_INDEX_ENABLE : WORD {R,W}
199 The new flag VBE_DISPI_NOCLEARMEM allows to preserve the VBE video memory.
200 The new flag VBE_DISPI_LFB_ENABLED indicates the usage of the LFB.
203 * VBE_DISPI_INDEX_ENABLE : WORD {R,W}
204 If the new flag VBE_DISPI_GETCAPS is enabled, the xres, yres and bpp registers
205 return the gui capabilities.
207 Displaying GFX (banked mode)
209 What happens is that the total screen is devided in banks of 'VBE_DISPI_BANK_SIZE_KB' KiloByte in size.
210 If you want to set a pixel you can calculate its bank by doing:
212 offset = pixel_x + pixel_y * resolution_x;
213 bank = offset / 64 Kb (rounded 1.9999 -> 1)
215 bank_pixel_pos = offset - bank * 64Kb
217 Now you can set the current bank and put the pixel at VBE_DISPI_BANK_ADDRESS + bank_pixel_pos
219 Displaying GFX (linear frame buffer mode)
225 * Since the XRES/YRES/BPP may not be written when VBE is enabled, if you want to switch from one VBE mode
226 to another, you will need to disable VBE first.
228 * Note when the bios doesn't find a valid DISPI_ID, it can disable the VBE functions. This allows people to
229 use the same bios for both vbe enabled and disabled bochs executables.