net/ipv4/tcp_htcp.c

   1 /*
   2  * H-TCP congestion control. The algorithm is detailed in:
   3  * R.N.Shorten, D.J.Leith:
   4  *   "H-TCP: TCP for high-speed and long-distance networks"
   5  *   Proc. PFLDnet, Argonne, 2004.
   6  * http://www.hamilton.ie/net/htcp3.pdf
   7  */
   8
   9 #include <linux/mm.h>
  10 #include <linux/module.h>
  11 #include <net/tcp.h>
  12
  13 #define ALPHA_BASE      (1<<7)  /* 1.0 with shift << 7 */
  14 #define BETA_MIN        (1<<6)  /* 0.5 with shift << 7 */
  15 #define BETA_MAX        102     /* 0.8 with shift << 7 */
  16
  17 static int use_rtt_scaling __read_mostly = 1;
  18 module_param(use_rtt_scaling, int, 0644);
  19 MODULE_PARM_DESC(use_rtt_scaling, "turn on/off RTT scaling");
  20
  21 static int use_bandwidth_switch __read_mostly = 1;
  22 module_param(use_bandwidth_switch, int, 0644);
  23 MODULE_PARM_DESC(use_bandwidth_switch, "turn on/off bandwidth switcher");
  24
  25 struct htcp {
  26         u32     alpha;          /* Fixed point arith, << 7 */
  27         u8      beta;           /* Fixed point arith, << 7 */
  28         u8      modeswitch;     /* Delay modeswitch
  29                                    until we had at least one congestion event */
  30         u16     pkts_acked;
  31         u32     packetcount;
  32         u32     minRTT;
  33         u32     maxRTT;
  34         u32     last_cong;      /* Time since last congestion event end */
  35         u32     undo_last_cong;
  36
  37         u32     undo_maxRTT;
  38         u32     undo_old_maxB;
  39
  40         /* Bandwidth estimation */
  41         u32     minB;
  42         u32     maxB;
  43         u32     old_maxB;
  44         u32     Bi;
  45         u32     lasttime;
  46 };
  47
  48 static inline u32 htcp_cong_time(const struct htcp *ca)
  49 {
  50         return jiffies - ca->last_cong;
  51 }
  52
  53 static inline u32 htcp_ccount(const struct htcp *ca)
  54 {
  55         return htcp_cong_time(ca) / ca->minRTT;
  56 }
  57
  58 static inline void htcp_reset(struct htcp *ca)
  59 {
  60         ca->undo_last_cong = ca->last_cong;
  61         ca->undo_maxRTT = ca->maxRTT;
  62         ca->undo_old_maxB = ca->old_maxB;
  63
  64         ca->last_cong = jiffies;
  65 }
  66
  67 static u32 htcp_cwnd_undo(struct sock *sk)
  68 {
  69         const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
  70         struct htcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
  71
  72         ca->last_cong = ca->undo_last_cong;
  73         ca->maxRTT = ca->undo_maxRTT;
  74         ca->old_maxB = ca->undo_old_maxB;
  75
  76         return max(tp->snd_cwnd, (tp->snd_ssthresh << 7) / ca->beta);
  77 }
  78
  79 static inline void measure_rtt(struct sock *sk)
  80 {
  81         const struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
  82         const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
  83         struct htcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
  84         u32 srtt = tp->srtt >> 3;
  85
  86         /* keep track of minimum RTT seen so far, minRTT is zero at first */
  87         if (ca->minRTT > srtt || !ca->minRTT)
  88                 ca->minRTT = srtt;
  89
  90         /* max RTT */
  91         if (icsk->icsk_ca_state == TCP_CA_Open
  92             && tp->snd_ssthresh < 0xFFFF && htcp_ccount(ca) > 3) {
  93                 if (ca->maxRTT < ca->minRTT)
  94                         ca->maxRTT = ca->minRTT;
  95                 if (ca->maxRTT < srtt
  96                     && srtt <= ca->maxRTT + msecs_to_jiffies(20))
  97                         ca->maxRTT = srtt;
  98         }
  99 }
 100
 101 static void measure_achieved_throughput(struct sock *sk, u32 pkts_acked, ktime_t last)
 102 {
 103         const struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
 104         const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
 105         struct htcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
 106         u32 now = tcp_time_stamp;
 107
 108         if (icsk->icsk_ca_state == TCP_CA_Open)
 109                 ca->pkts_acked = pkts_acked;
 110
 111         if (!use_bandwidth_switch)
 112                 return;
 113
 114         /* achieved throughput calculations */
 115         if (icsk->icsk_ca_state != TCP_CA_Open &&
 116             icsk->icsk_ca_state != TCP_CA_Disorder) {
 117                 ca->packetcount = 0;
 118                 ca->lasttime = now;
 119                 return;
 120         }
 121
 122         ca->packetcount += pkts_acked;
 123
 124         if (ca->packetcount >= tp->snd_cwnd - (ca->alpha >> 7 ? : 1)
 125             && now - ca->lasttime >= ca->minRTT
 126             && ca->minRTT > 0) {
 127                 __u32 cur_Bi = ca->packetcount * HZ / (now - ca->lasttime);
 128
 129                 if (htcp_ccount(ca) <= 3) {
 130                         /* just after backoff */
 131                         ca->minB = ca->maxB = ca->Bi = cur_Bi;
 132                 } else {
 133                         ca->Bi = (3 * ca->Bi + cur_Bi) / 4;
 134                         if (ca->Bi > ca->maxB)
 135                                 ca->maxB = ca->Bi;
 136                         if (ca->minB > ca->maxB)
 137                                 ca->minB = ca->maxB;
 138                 }
 139                 ca->packetcount = 0;
 140                 ca->lasttime = now;
 141         }
 142 }
 143
 144 static inline void htcp_beta_update(struct htcp *ca, u32 minRTT, u32 maxRTT)
 145 {
 146         if (use_bandwidth_switch) {
 147                 u32 maxB = ca->maxB;
 148                 u32 old_maxB = ca->old_maxB;
 149                 ca->old_maxB = ca->maxB;
 150
 151                 if (!between(5 * maxB, 4 * old_maxB, 6 * old_maxB)) {
 152                         ca->beta = BETA_MIN;
 153                         ca->modeswitch = 0;
 154                         return;
 155                 }
 156         }
 157
 158         if (ca->modeswitch && minRTT > msecs_to_jiffies(10) && maxRTT) {
 159                 ca->beta = (minRTT << 7) / maxRTT;
 160                 if (ca->beta < BETA_MIN)
 161                         ca->beta = BETA_MIN;
 162                 else if (ca->beta > BETA_MAX)
 163                         ca->beta = BETA_MAX;
 164         } else {
 165                 ca->beta = BETA_MIN;
 166                 ca->modeswitch = 1;
 167         }
 168 }
 169
 170 static inline void htcp_alpha_update(struct htcp *ca)
 171 {
 172         u32 minRTT = ca->minRTT;
 173         u32 factor = 1;
 174         u32 diff = htcp_cong_time(ca);
 175
 176         if (diff > HZ) {
 177                 diff -= HZ;
 178                 factor = 1 + (10 * diff + ((diff / 2) * (diff / 2) / HZ)) / HZ;
 179         }
 180
 181         if (use_rtt_scaling && minRTT) {
 182                 u32 scale = (HZ << 3) / (10 * minRTT);
 183
 184                 /* clamping ratio to interval [0.5,10]<<3 */
 185                 scale = min(max(scale, 1U << 2), 10U << 3);
 186                 factor = (factor << 3) / scale;
 187                 if (!factor)
 188                         factor = 1;
 189         }
 190
 191         ca->alpha = 2 * factor * ((1 << 7) - ca->beta);
 192         if (!ca->alpha)
 193                 ca->alpha = ALPHA_BASE;
 194 }
 195
 196 /*
 197  * After we have the rtt data to calculate beta, we'd still prefer to wait one
 198  * rtt before we adjust our beta to ensure we are working from a consistent
 199  * data.
 200  *
 201  * This function should be called when we hit a congestion event since only at
 202  * that point do we really have a real sense of maxRTT (the queues en route
 203  * were getting just too full now).
 204  */
 205 static void htcp_param_update(struct sock *sk)
 206 {
 207         struct htcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
 208         u32 minRTT = ca->minRTT;
 209         u32 maxRTT = ca->maxRTT;
 210
 211         htcp_beta_update(ca, minRTT, maxRTT);
 212         htcp_alpha_update(ca);
 213
 214         /* add slowly fading memory for maxRTT to accommodate routing changes */
 215         if (minRTT > 0 && maxRTT > minRTT)
 216                 ca->maxRTT = minRTT + ((maxRTT - minRTT) * 95) / 100;
 217 }
 218
 219 static u32 htcp_recalc_ssthresh(struct sock *sk)
 220 {
 221         const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
 222         const struct htcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
 223
 224         htcp_param_update(sk);
 225         return max((tp->snd_cwnd * ca->beta) >> 7, 2U);
 226 }
 227
 228 static void htcp_cong_avoid(struct sock *sk, u32 ack,
 229                             u32 in_flight, int data_acked)
 230 {
 231         struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
 232         struct htcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
 233
 234         if (!tcp_is_cwnd_limited(sk, in_flight))
 235                 return;
 236
 237         if (tp->snd_cwnd <= tp->snd_ssthresh)
 238                 tcp_slow_start(tp);
 239         else {
 240                 measure_rtt(sk);
 241
 242                 /* In dangerous area, increase slowly.
 243                  * In theory this is tp->snd_cwnd += alpha / tp->snd_cwnd
 244                  */
 245                 if ((tp->snd_cwnd_cnt * ca->alpha)>>7 >= tp->snd_cwnd) {
 246                         if (tp->snd_cwnd < tp->snd_cwnd_clamp)
 247                                 tp->snd_cwnd++;
 248                         tp->snd_cwnd_cnt = 0;
 249                         htcp_alpha_update(ca);
 250                 } else
 251                         tp->snd_cwnd_cnt += ca->pkts_acked;
 252
 253                 ca->pkts_acked = 1;
 254         }
 255 }
 256
 257 static void htcp_init(struct sock *sk)
 258 {
 259         struct htcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
 260
 261         memset(ca, 0, sizeof(struct htcp));
 262         ca->alpha = ALPHA_BASE;
 263         ca->beta = BETA_MIN;
 264         ca->pkts_acked = 1;
 265         ca->last_cong = jiffies;
 266 }
 267
 268 static void htcp_state(struct sock *sk, u8 new_state)
 269 {
 270         switch (new_state) {
 271         case TCP_CA_Open:
 272                 {
 273                         struct htcp *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
 274                         ca->last_cong = jiffies;
 275                 }
 276                 break;
 277         case TCP_CA_CWR:
 278         case TCP_CA_Recovery:
 279         case TCP_CA_Loss:
 280                 htcp_reset(inet_csk_ca(sk));
 281                 break;
 282         }
 283 }
 284
 285 static struct tcp_congestion_ops htcp = {
 286         .init           = htcp_init,
 287         .ssthresh       = htcp_recalc_ssthresh,
 288         .cong_avoid     = htcp_cong_avoid,
 289         .set_state      = htcp_state,
 290         .undo_cwnd      = htcp_cwnd_undo,
 291         .pkts_acked     = measure_achieved_throughput,
 292         .owner          = THIS_MODULE,
 293         .name           = "htcp",
 294 };
 295
 296 static int __init htcp_register(void)
 297 {
 298         BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct htcp) > ICSK_CA_PRIV_SIZE);
 299         BUILD_BUG_ON(BETA_MIN >= BETA_MAX);
 300         return tcp_register_congestion_control(&htcp);
 301 }
 302
 303 static void __exit htcp_unregister(void)
 304 {
 305         tcp_unregister_congestion_control(&htcp);
 306 }
 307
 308 module_init(htcp_register);
 309 module_exit(htcp_unregister);
 310
 311 MODULE_AUTHOR("Baruch Even");
 312 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
 313 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("H-TCP");