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1 '\" te
2 .\" To view license terms, attribution, and copyright for IP Filter, the default path is /usr/lib/ipf/IPFILTER.LICENCE. If the Solaris operating environment has been installed anywhere other than the default, modify the given path to access the file at the installed
3 .\" location.
4 .\" Portions Copyright (c) 2009, Sun Microsystems Inc. All Rights Reserved.
5 .\" Portions Copyright (c) 2015, Joyent, Inc.
6 .TH IPF 8 "April 9, 2016"
7 .SH NAME
8 ipf \- alter packet filtering lists for IP packet input and output
9 .SH SYNOPSIS
10 .LP
11 .nf
12 \fBipf\fR [\fB-6AdDEGInoPRrsvVyzZ\fR] [\fB-l\fR block | pass | nomatch]
13 [\fB-T\fR \fIoptionlist\fR] [\fB-F\fR i | o | a | s | S] \fB-f\fR \fIfilename\fR
14 [\fB-f\fR \fIfilename\fR...] [\fIzonename\fR]
15 .fi
17 .SH DESCRIPTION
18 .LP
19 The \fBipf\fR utility is part of a suite of commands associated with the
20 Solaris IP Filter feature. See \fBipfilter\fR(5).
21 .sp
22 .LP
23 The \fBipf\fR utility opens the filenames listed (treating a hyphen (\fB-\fR)
24 as stdin) and parses the file for a set of rules which are to be added or
25 removed from the packet filter rule set.
26 .sp
27 .LP
28 If there are no parsing problems, each rule processed by \fBipf\fR is added to
29 the kernel's internal lists. Rules are added to the end of the internal lists,
30 matching the order in which they appear when given to \fBipf\fR.
31 .sp
32 .LP
33 \fBipf\fR's use is restricted through access to \fB/dev/ipauth\fR,
34 \fB/dev/ipl\fR, and \fB/dev/ipstate\fR. The default permissions of these files
35 require \fBipf\fR to be run as root for all operations.
36 .SS "Enabling Solaris IP Filter Feature"
37 .LP
38 Solaris IP Filter is installed with the Solaris operating system. However,
39 packet filtering is not enabled by default. Use the following procedure to
40 activate the Solaris IP Filter feature.
41 .RS +4
42 .TP
43 1.
44 Assume a role that includes the IP Filter Management rights profile (see
45 \fBrbac\fR(5)) or become superuser.
46 .RE
47 .RS +4
48 .TP
49 2.
50 Configure system and services' firewall policies. See \fBsvc.ipfd\fR(8) and
51 \fBipf\fR(4).
52 .RE
53 .RS +4
54 .TP
55 3.
56 (Optional) Create a network address translation (NAT) configuration file.
57 See \fBipnat\fR(4).
58 .RE
59 .RS +4
60 .TP
61 4.
62 (Optional) Create an address pool configuration file. See \fBippool\fR(4).
63 .sp
64 Create an \fBipool.conf\fR file if you want to refer to a group of addresses as
65 a single address pool. If you want the address pool configuration file to be
66 loaded at boot time, create a file called \fB/etc/ipf/ippool.conf\fR in which
67 to put the address pool. If you do not want the address pool configuration file
68 to be loaded at boot time, put the \fBippool.conf\fR file in a location other
69 than \fB/etc/ipf\fR and manually activate the rules.
70 .RE
71 .RS +4
72 .TP
73 5.
74 Enable Solaris IP Filter, as follows:
75 .sp
76 .in +2
77 .nf
78 # \fBsvcadm enable network/ipfilter\fR
79 .fi
80 .in -2
81 .sp
83 .RE
84 .sp
85 .LP
86 To re-enable packet filtering after it has been temporarily disabled either
87 reboot the machine or enter the following command:
88 .sp
89 .in +2
90 .nf
91 # \fBsvcadm enable network/ipfilter\fR
92 .fi
93 .in -2
94 .sp
96 .sp
97 .LP
98 \&...which essentially executes the following \fBipf\fR commands:
99 .RS +4
100 .TP
101 1.
102 Enable Solaris IP Filter:
103 .sp
104 .in +2
105 .nf
106 # \fBipf -E\fR
107 .fi
108 .in -2
109 .sp
111 .RE
112 .RS +4
113 .TP
114 2.
115 Load \fBippools\fR:
116 .sp
117 .in +2
118 .nf
119 \fB# ippool -f\fR \fI<ippool configuration file>\fR
120 .fi
121 .in -2
122 .sp
124 See \fBippool\fR(8).
125 .RE
126 .RS +4
127 .TP
128 3.
129 (Optional) Activate packet filtering:
130 .sp
131 .in +2
132 .nf
133 \fBipf -f\fR \fI<ipf configuration file>\fR
134 .fi
135 .in -2
136 .sp
138 .RE
139 .RS +4
140 .TP
141 4.
142 (Optional) Activate NAT:
143 .sp
144 .in +2
145 .nf
146 \fBipnat -f\fR \fI<IPNAT configuration file>\fR
147 .fi
148 .in -2
149 .sp
151 See \fBipnat\fR(8).
152 .RE
153 .LP
154 Note -
155 .sp
156 .RS 2
157 If you reboot your system, the IPfilter configuration is automatically
158 activated.
159 .RE
160 .SH OPTIONS
161 .LP
162 The following options are supported:
163 .sp
164 .ne 2
165 .na
166 \fB\fB-6\fR\fR
167 .ad
168 .sp .6
169 .RS 4n
170 This option is required to parse IPv6 rules and to have them loaded. Loading of
171 IPv6 rules is subject to change in the future.
172 .RE
174 .sp
175 .ne 2
176 .na
177 \fB\fB-A\fR\fR
178 .ad
179 .sp .6
180 .RS 4n
181 Set the list to make changes to the active list (default).
182 .RE
184 .sp
185 .ne 2
186 .na
187 \fB\fB-d\fR\fR
188 .ad
189 .sp .6
190 .RS 4n
191 Turn debug mode on. Causes a hex dump of filter rules to be generated as it
192 processes each one.
193 .RE
195 .sp
196 .ne 2
197 .na
198 \fB\fB-D\fR\fR
199 .ad
200 .sp .6
201 .RS 4n
202 Disable the filter (if enabled). Not effective for loadable kernel versions.
203 .RE
205 .sp
206 .ne 2
207 .na
208 \fB\fB-E\fR\fR
209 .ad
210 .sp .6
211 .RS 4n
212 Enable the filter (if disabled). Not effective for loadable kernel versions.
213 .RE
215 .sp
216 .ne 2
217 .na
218 \fB\fB-F\fR \fBi\fR | \fBo\fR | \fBa\fR\fR
219 .ad
220 .sp .6
221 .RS 4n
222 Specifies which filter list to flush. The parameter should either be \fBi\fR
223 (input), \fBo\fR (output) or \fBa\fR (remove all filter rules). Either a single
224 letter or an entire word starting with the appropriate letter can be used. This
225 option can be before or after any other, with the order on the command line
226 determining that used to execute options.
227 .RE
229 .sp
230 .ne 2
231 .na
232 \fB\fB-F\fR \fBs\fR | \fBS\fR\fR
233 .ad
234 .sp .6
235 .RS 4n
236 To flush entries from the state table, use the \fB-F\fR option in conjunction
237 with either \fBs\fR (removes state information about any non-fully established
238 connections) or \fBS\fR (deletes the entire state table). You can specify only
239 one of these two options. A fully established connection will show up in
240 \fBipfstat\fR \fB-s\fR output as \fB4/4\fR, with deviations either way
241 indicating the connection is not fully established.
242 .RE
244 .sp
245 .ne 2
246 .na
247 \fB\fB-f\fR \fIfilename\fR\fR
248 .ad
249 .sp .6
250 .RS 4n
251 Specifies which files \fBipf\fR should use to get input from for modifying the
252 packet filter rule lists.
253 .RE
255 .sp
256 .ne 2
257 .na
258 \fB\fB-G\fR\fR
259 .ad
260 .sp .6
261 .RS 4n
262 Make changes to the Global Zone-controlled ipfilter for the zone given as an
263 argument. See the \fBZONES\fR section for more information.
264 .RE
266 .sp
267 .ne 2
268 .na
269 \fB\fB-I\fR\fR
270 .ad
271 .sp .6
272 .RS 4n
273 Set the list to make changes to the inactive list.
274 .RE
276 .sp
277 .ne 2
278 .na
279 \fB\fB-l\fR \fBpass\fR | \fBblock\fR | \fBnomatch\fR\fR
280 .ad
281 .sp .6
282 .RS 4n
283 Toggles default logging of packets. Valid arguments to this option are
284 \fBpass\fR, \fBblock\fR and \fBnomatch\fR. When an option is set, any packet
285 which exits filtering and matches the set category is logged. This is most
286 useful for causing all packets that do not match any of the loaded rules to be
287 logged.
288 .RE
290 .sp
291 .ne 2
292 .na
293 \fB\fB-n\fR\fR
294 .ad
295 .sp .6
296 .RS 4n
297 Prevents \fBipf\fR from making any ioctl calls or doing anything which would
298 alter the currently running kernel.
299 .RE
301 .sp
302 .ne 2
303 .na
304 \fB\fB-o\fR\fR
305 .ad
306 .sp .6
307 .RS 4n
308 Force rules by default to be added/deleted to/from the output list, rather than
309 the (default) input list.
310 .RE
312 .sp
313 .ne 2
314 .na
315 \fB\fB-P\fR\fR
316 .ad
317 .sp .6
318 .RS 4n
319 Add rules as temporary entries in the authentication rule table.
320 .RE
322 .sp
323 .ne 2
324 .na
325 \fB\fB-R\fR\fR
326 .ad
327 .sp .6
328 .RS 4n
329 Disable both IP address-to-hostname resolution and port number-to-service name
330 resolution.
331 .RE
333 .sp
334 .ne 2
335 .na
336 \fB\fB-r\fR\fR
337 .ad
338 .sp .6
339 .RS 4n
340 Remove matching filter rules rather than add them to the internal lists.
341 .RE
343 .sp
344 .ne 2
345 .na
346 \fB\fB-s\fR\fR
347 .ad
348 .sp .6
349 .RS 4n
350 Swap the currently active filter list to be an alternative list.
351 .RE
353 .sp
354 .ne 2
355 .na
356 \fB\fB-T\fR \fIoptionlist\fR\fR
357 .ad
358 .sp .6
359 .RS 4n
360 Allows run-time changing of IPFilter kernel variables. To allow for changing,
361 some variables require IPFilter to be in a disabled state (\fB-D\fR), others do
362 not. The \fIoptionlist\fR parameter is a comma-separated list of tuning
363 commands. A tuning command is one of the following:
364 .sp
365 .ne 2
366 .na
367 \fB\fBlist\fR\fR
368 .ad
369 .sp .6
370 .RS 4n
371 Retrieve a list of all variables in the kernel, their maximum, minimum, and
372 current value.
373 .RE
375 .sp
376 .ne 2
377 .na
378 \fBsingle variable name\fR
379 .ad
380 .sp .6
381 .RS 4n
382 Retrieve its current value.
383 .RE
385 .sp
386 .ne 2
387 .na
388 \fBvariable name with a following assignment\fR
389 .ad
390 .sp .6
391 .RS 4n
392 To set a new value.
393 .RE
395 Examples follow:
396 .sp
397 .in +2
398 .nf
399 # Print out all IPFilter kernel tunable parameters
400 ipf -T list
402 # Display the current TCP idle timeout and then set it to 3600
403 ipf -D -T fr_tcpidletimeout,fr_tcpidletimeout=3600 -E
405 # Display current values for fr_pass and fr_chksrc, then set
406 # fr_chksrc to 1.
407 ipf -T fr_pass,fr_chksrc,fr_chksrc=1
408 .fi
409 .in -2
410 .sp
412 .RE
414 .sp
415 .ne 2
416 .na
417 \fB\fB-v\fR\fR
418 .ad
419 .sp .6
420 .RS 4n
421 Turn verbose mode on. Displays information relating to rule processing.
422 .RE
424 .sp
425 .ne 2
426 .na
427 \fB\fB-V\fR\fR
428 .ad
429 .sp .6
430 .RS 4n
431 Show version information. This will display the version information compiled
432 into the \fBipf\fR binary and retrieve it from the kernel code (if running or
433 present). If it is present in the kernel, information about its current state
434 will be displayed; for example, whether logging is active, default filtering,
435 and so forth).
436 .RE
438 .sp
439 .ne 2
440 .na
441 \fB\fB-y\fR\fR
442 .ad
443 .sp .6
444 .RS 4n
445 Manually resync the in-kernel interface list maintained by IP Filter with the
446 current interface status list.
447 .RE
449 .sp
450 .ne 2
451 .na
452 \fB\fB-z\fR\fR
453 .ad
454 .sp .6
455 .RS 4n
456 For each rule in the input file, reset the statistics for it to zero and
457 display the statistics prior to them being zeroed.
458 .RE
460 .sp
461 .ne 2
462 .na
463 \fB\fB-Z\fR\fR
464 .ad
465 .sp .6
466 .RS 4n
467 Zero global statistics held in the kernel for filtering only. This does not
468 affect fragment or state statistics.
469 .RE
471 .SH ZONES
472 .LP
473 Each non-global zone has two ipfilter instances: the in-zone ipfilter, which
474 can be controlled from both the zone itself and the global zone, and the
475 Global Zone-controlled (GZ-controlled) instance, which can only be controlled
476 from the Global Zone. The non-global zone is not able to observe or control
477 the GZ-controlled ipfilter.
479 ipf optionally takes a zone name as an argument, which will change the
480 ipfilter settings for that zone, rather than the current one. The zonename
481 option is only available in the Global Zone. Using it in any other zone will
482 return an error. If the \fB-G\fR option is specified with this argument, the
483 Global Zone-controlled ipfilter is operated on. If \fB-G\fR is not specified,
484 the in-zone ipfilter is operated on. Note that ipf differs from the other
485 ipfilter tools in how the zone name is specified. It takes the zone name as the
486 last argument, while all of the other tools take the zone name as an argument
487 to the \fB-G\fR and \fB-z\fR options.
489 .SH FILES
490 .ne 2
491 .na
492 \fB\fB/dev/ipauth\fR\fR
493 .ad
494 .br
495 .na
496 \fB\fB/dev/ipl\fR\fR
497 .ad
498 .br
499 .na
500 \fB\fB/dev/ipstate\fR\fR
501 .ad
502 .sp .6
503 .RS 4n
504 Links to IP Filter pseudo devices.
505 .RE
507 .sp
508 .ne 2
509 .na
510 \fB\fB/etc/ipf/ipf.conf\fR\fR
511 .ad
512 .sp .6
513 .RS 4n
514 Location of \fBipf\fR startup configuration file. See \fBipf\fR(4).
515 .RE
517 .sp
518 .ne 2
519 .na
520 \fB\fB/usr/share/ipfilter/examples/\fR\fR
521 .ad
522 .sp .6
523 .RS 4n
524 Contains numerous IP Filter examples.
525 .RE
527 .SH ATTRIBUTES
528 .LP
529 See \fBattributes\fR(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
530 .sp
532 .sp
533 .TS
534 box;
535 c | c
536 l | l .
537 ATTRIBUTE TYPE ATTRIBUTE VALUE
538 _
539 Interface Stability Committed
540 .TE
542 .SH SEE ALSO
543 .LP
544 \fBipfstat\fR(8), \fBipmon\fR(8), \fBipnat\fR(8), \fBippool\fR(8),
545 \fBsvcadm\fR(8), \fBsvc.ipfd\fR(8), \fBipf\fR(4), \fBipnat\fR(4),
546 \fBippool\fR(4), \fBattributes\fR(5), \fBipfilter\fR(5), \fBzones(5)\fR
547 .sp
548 .LP
549 \fI\fR
550 .SH DIAGNOSTICS
551 .LP
552 Needs to be run as root for the packet filtering lists to actually be affected
553 inside the kernel.