usr/src/boot/sys/boot/efi/loader/arch/amd64/framebuffer.c

   1 /*-
   2  * Copyright (c) 2013 The FreeBSD Foundation
   3  * All rights reserved.
   4  *
   5  * This software was developed by Benno Rice under sponsorship from
   6  * the FreeBSD Foundation.
   7  * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
   8  * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
   9  * are met:
  10  * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
  11  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
  12  * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
  13  *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
  14  *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
  15  *
  16  * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
  17  * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
  18  * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
  19  * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
  20  * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
  21  * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
  22  * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
  23  * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
  24  * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
  25  * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
  26  * SUCH DAMAGE.
  27  */
  28
  29 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
  30 __FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");
  31
  32 #include <bootstrap.h>
  33 #include <sys/endian.h>
  34 #include <stand.h>
  35
  36 #include <efi.h>
  37 #include <efilib.h>
  38 #include <efiuga.h>
  39 #include <efipciio.h>
  40 #include <machine/metadata.h>
  41
  42 #include "framebuffer.h"
  43
  44 static EFI_GUID gop_guid = EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_PROTOCOL_GUID;
  45 static EFI_GUID pciio_guid = EFI_PCI_IO_PROTOCOL_GUID;
  46 static EFI_GUID uga_guid = EFI_UGA_DRAW_PROTOCOL_GUID;
  47
  48 static u_int
  49 efifb_color_depth(struct efi_fb *efifb)
  50 {
  51         uint32_t mask;
  52         u_int depth;
  53
  54         mask = efifb->fb_mask_red | efifb->fb_mask_green |
  55             efifb->fb_mask_blue | efifb->fb_mask_reserved;
  56         if (mask == 0)
  57                 return (0);
  58         for (depth = 1; mask != 1; depth++)
  59                 mask >>= 1;
  60         return (depth);
  61 }
  62
  63 static int
  64 efifb_mask_from_pixfmt(struct efi_fb *efifb, EFI_GRAPHICS_PIXEL_FORMAT pixfmt,
  65     EFI_PIXEL_BITMASK *pixinfo)
  66 {
  67         int result;
  68
  69         result = 0;
  70         switch (pixfmt) {
  71         case PixelRedGreenBlueReserved8BitPerColor:
  72                 efifb->fb_mask_red = 0x000000ff;
  73                 efifb->fb_mask_green = 0x0000ff00;
  74                 efifb->fb_mask_blue = 0x00ff0000;
  75                 efifb->fb_mask_reserved = 0xff000000;
  76                 break;
  77         case PixelBlueGreenRedReserved8BitPerColor:
  78                 efifb->fb_mask_red = 0x00ff0000;
  79                 efifb->fb_mask_green = 0x0000ff00;
  80                 efifb->fb_mask_blue = 0x000000ff;
  81                 efifb->fb_mask_reserved = 0xff000000;
  82                 break;
  83         case PixelBitMask:
  84                 efifb->fb_mask_red = pixinfo->RedMask;
  85                 efifb->fb_mask_green = pixinfo->GreenMask;
  86                 efifb->fb_mask_blue = pixinfo->BlueMask;
  87                 efifb->fb_mask_reserved = pixinfo->ReservedMask;
  88                 break;
  89         default:
  90                 result = 1;
  91                 break;
  92         }
  93         return (result);
  94 }
  95
  96 static int
  97 efifb_from_gop(struct efi_fb *efifb, EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_PROTOCOL_MODE *mode,
  98     EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_MODE_INFORMATION *info)
  99 {
 100         int result;
 101
 102         efifb->fb_addr = mode->FrameBufferBase;
 103         efifb->fb_size = mode->FrameBufferSize;
 104         efifb->fb_height = info->VerticalResolution;
 105         efifb->fb_width = info->HorizontalResolution;
 106         efifb->fb_stride = info->PixelsPerScanLine;
 107         result = efifb_mask_from_pixfmt(efifb, info->PixelFormat,
 108             &info->PixelInformation);
 109         return (result);
 110 }
 111
 112 static ssize_t
 113 efifb_uga_find_pixel(EFI_UGA_DRAW_PROTOCOL *uga, u_int line,
 114     EFI_PCI_IO_PROTOCOL *pciio, uint64_t addr, uint64_t size)
 115 {
 116         EFI_UGA_PIXEL pix0, pix1;
 117         uint8_t *data1, *data2;
 118         size_t count, maxcount = 1024;
 119         ssize_t ofs;
 120         EFI_STATUS status;
 121         u_int idx;
 122
 123         status = uga->Blt(uga, &pix0, EfiUgaVideoToBltBuffer,
 124             0, line, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0);
 125         if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
 126                 printf("UGA BLT operation failed (video->buffer)");
 127                 return (-1);
 128         }
 129         pix1.Red = ~pix0.Red;
 130         pix1.Green = ~pix0.Green;
 131         pix1.Blue = ~pix0.Blue;
 132         pix1.Reserved = 0;
 133
 134         data1 = calloc(maxcount, 2);
 135         if (data1 == NULL) {
 136                 printf("Unable to allocate memory");
 137                 return (-1);
 138         }
 139         data2 = data1 + maxcount;
 140
 141         ofs = 0;
 142         while (size > 0) {
 143                 count = min(size, maxcount);
 144
 145                 status = pciio->Mem.Read(pciio, EfiPciIoWidthUint32,
 146                     EFI_PCI_IO_PASS_THROUGH_BAR, addr + ofs, count >> 2,
 147                     data1);
 148                 if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
 149                         printf("Error reading frame buffer (before)");
 150                         goto fail;
 151                 }
 152                 status = uga->Blt(uga, &pix1, EfiUgaBltBufferToVideo,
 153                     0, 0, 0, line, 1, 1, 0);
 154                 if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
 155                         printf("UGA BLT operation failed (modify)");
 156                         goto fail;
 157                 }
 158                 status = pciio->Mem.Read(pciio, EfiPciIoWidthUint32,
 159                     EFI_PCI_IO_PASS_THROUGH_BAR, addr + ofs, count >> 2,
 160                     data2);
 161                 if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
 162                         printf("Error reading frame buffer (after)");
 163                         goto fail;
 164                 }
 165                 status = uga->Blt(uga, &pix0, EfiUgaBltBufferToVideo,
 166                     0, 0, 0, line, 1, 1, 0);
 167                 if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
 168                         printf("UGA BLT operation failed (restore)");
 169                         goto fail;
 170                 }
 171                 for (idx = 0; idx < count; idx++) {
 172                         if (data1[idx] != data2[idx]) {
 173                                 free(data1);
 174                                 return (ofs + (idx & ~3));
 175                         }
 176                 }
 177                 ofs += count;
 178                 size -= count;
 179         }
 180         printf("No change detected in frame buffer");
 181
 182  fail:
 183         printf(" -- error %lu\n", EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
 184         free(data1);
 185         return (-1);
 186 }
 187
 188 static EFI_PCI_IO_PROTOCOL *
 189 efifb_uga_get_pciio(void)
 190 {
 191         EFI_PCI_IO_PROTOCOL *pciio;
 192         EFI_HANDLE *buf, *hp;
 193         EFI_STATUS status;
 194         UINTN bufsz;
 195
 196         /* Get all handles that support the UGA protocol. */
 197         bufsz = 0;
 198         status = BS->LocateHandle(ByProtocol, &uga_guid, NULL, &bufsz, NULL);
 199         if (status != EFI_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL)
 200                 return (NULL);
 201         buf = malloc(bufsz);
 202         status = BS->LocateHandle(ByProtocol, &uga_guid, NULL, &bufsz, buf);
 203         if (status != EFI_SUCCESS) {
 204                 free(buf);
 205                 return (NULL);
 206         }
 207         bufsz /= sizeof(EFI_HANDLE);
 208
 209         /* Get the PCI I/O interface of the first handle that supports it. */
 210         pciio = NULL;
 211         for (hp = buf; hp < buf + bufsz; hp++) {
 212                 status = BS->HandleProtocol(*hp, &pciio_guid, (void **)&pciio);
 213                 if (status == EFI_SUCCESS) {
 214                         free(buf);
 215                         return (pciio);
 216                 }
 217         }
 218         free(buf);
 219         return (NULL);
 220 }
 221
 222 static EFI_STATUS
 223 efifb_uga_locate_framebuffer(EFI_PCI_IO_PROTOCOL *pciio, uint64_t *addrp,
 224     uint64_t *sizep)
 225 {
 226         uint8_t *resattr;
 227         uint64_t addr, size;
 228         EFI_STATUS status;
 229         u_int bar;
 230
 231         if (pciio == NULL)
 232                 return (EFI_DEVICE_ERROR);
 233
 234         /* Attempt to get the frame buffer address (imprecise). */
 235         *addrp = 0;
 236         *sizep = 0;
 237         for (bar = 0; bar < 6; bar++) {
 238                 status = pciio->GetBarAttributes(pciio, bar, NULL,
 239                     (void **)&resattr);
 240                 if (status != EFI_SUCCESS)
 241                         continue;
 242                 /* XXX magic offsets and constants. */
 243                 if (resattr[0] == 0x87 && resattr[3] == 0) {
 244                         /* 32-bit address space descriptor (MEMIO) */
 245                         addr = le32dec(resattr + 10);
 246                         size = le32dec(resattr + 22);
 247                 } else if (resattr[0] == 0x8a && resattr[3] == 0) {
 248                         /* 64-bit address space descriptor (MEMIO) */
 249                         addr = le64dec(resattr + 14);
 250                         size = le64dec(resattr + 38);
 251                 } else {
 252                         addr = 0;
 253                         size = 0;
 254                 }
 255                 BS->FreePool(resattr);
 256                 if (addr == 0 || size == 0)
 257                         continue;
 258
 259                 /* We assume the largest BAR is the frame buffer. */
 260                 if (size > *sizep) {
 261                         *addrp = addr;
 262                         *sizep = size;
 263                 }
 264         }
 265         return ((*addrp == 0 || *sizep == 0) ? EFI_DEVICE_ERROR : 0);
 266 }
 267
 268 static int
 269 efifb_from_uga(struct efi_fb *efifb, EFI_UGA_DRAW_PROTOCOL *uga)
 270 {
 271         EFI_PCI_IO_PROTOCOL *pciio;
 272         char *ev, *p;
 273         EFI_STATUS status;
 274         ssize_t offset;
 275         uint64_t fbaddr;
 276         uint32_t horiz, vert, stride;
 277         uint32_t np, depth, refresh;
 278
 279         status = uga->GetMode(uga, &horiz, &vert, &depth, &refresh);
 280         if (EFI_ERROR(status))
 281                 return (1);
 282         efifb->fb_height = vert;
 283         efifb->fb_width = horiz;
 284         /* Paranoia... */
 285         if (efifb->fb_height == 0 || efifb->fb_width == 0)
 286                 return (1);
 287
 288         /* The color masks are fixed AFAICT. */
 289         efifb_mask_from_pixfmt(efifb, PixelBlueGreenRedReserved8BitPerColor,
 290             NULL);
 291
 292         /* pciio can be NULL on return! */
 293         pciio = efifb_uga_get_pciio();
 294
 295         /* Try to find the frame buffer. */
 296         status = efifb_uga_locate_framebuffer(pciio, &efifb->fb_addr,
 297             &efifb->fb_size);
 298         if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
 299                 efifb->fb_addr = 0;
 300                 efifb->fb_size = 0;
 301         }
 302
 303         /*
 304          * There's no reliable way to detect the frame buffer or the
 305          * offset within the frame buffer of the visible region, nor
 306          * the stride. Our only option is to look at the system and
 307          * fill in the blanks based on that. Luckily, UGA was mostly
 308          * only used on Apple hardware.
 309          */
 310         offset = -1;
 311         ev = getenv("smbios.system.maker");
 312         if (ev != NULL && !strcmp(ev, "Apple Inc.")) {
 313                 ev = getenv("smbios.system.product");
 314                 if (ev != NULL && !strcmp(ev, "iMac7,1")) {
 315                         /* These are the expected values we should have. */
 316                         horiz = 1680;
 317                         vert = 1050;
 318                         fbaddr = 0xc0000000;
 319                         /* These are the missing bits. */
 320                         offset = 0x10000;
 321                         stride = 1728;
 322                 } else if (ev != NULL && !strcmp(ev, "MacBook3,1")) {
 323                         /* These are the expected values we should have. */
 324                         horiz = 1280;
 325                         vert = 800;
 326                         fbaddr = 0xc0000000;
 327                         /* These are the missing bits. */
 328                         offset = 0x0;
 329                         stride = 2048;
 330                 }
 331         }
 332
 333         /*
 334          * If this is hardware we know, make sure that it looks familiar
 335          * before we accept our hardcoded values.
 336          */
 337         if (offset >= 0 && efifb->fb_width == horiz &&
 338             efifb->fb_height == vert && efifb->fb_addr == fbaddr) {
 339                 efifb->fb_addr += offset;
 340                 efifb->fb_size -= offset;
 341                 efifb->fb_stride = stride;
 342                 return (0);
 343         } else if (offset >= 0) {
 344                 printf("Hardware make/model known, but graphics not "
 345                     "as expected.\n");
 346                 printf("Console may not work!\n");
 347         }
 348
 349         /*
 350          * The stride is equal or larger to the width. Often it's the
 351          * next larger power of two. We'll start with that...
 352          */
 353         efifb->fb_stride = efifb->fb_width;
 354         do {
 355                 np = efifb->fb_stride & (efifb->fb_stride - 1);
 356                 if (np) {
 357                         efifb->fb_stride |= (np - 1);
 358                         efifb->fb_stride++;
 359                 }
 360         } while (np);
 361
 362         ev = getenv("hw.efifb.address");
 363         if (ev == NULL) {
 364                 if (efifb->fb_addr == 0) {
 365                         printf("Please set hw.efifb.address and "
 366                             "hw.efifb.stride.\n");
 367                         return (1);
 368                 }
 369
 370                 /*
 371                  * The visible part of the frame buffer may not start at
 372                  * offset 0, so try to detect it. Note that we may not
 373                  * always be able to read from the frame buffer, which
 374                  * means that we may not be able to detect anything. In
 375                  * that case, we would take a long time scanning for a
 376                  * pixel change in the frame buffer, which would have it
 377                  * appear that we're hanging, so we limit the scan to
 378                  * 1/256th of the frame buffer. This number is mostly
 379                  * based on PR 202730 and the fact that on a MacBoook,
 380                  * where we can't read from the frame buffer the offset
 381                  * of the visible region is 0. In short: we want to scan
 382                  * enough to handle all adapters that have an offset
 383                  * larger than 0 and we want to scan as little as we can
 384                  * to not appear to hang when we can't read from the
 385                  * frame buffer.
 386                  */
 387                 offset = efifb_uga_find_pixel(uga, 0, pciio, efifb->fb_addr,
 388                     efifb->fb_size >> 8);
 389                 if (offset == -1) {
 390                         printf("Unable to reliably detect frame buffer.\n");
 391                 } else if (offset > 0) {
 392                         efifb->fb_addr += offset;
 393                         efifb->fb_size -= offset;
 394                 }
 395         } else {
 396                 offset = 0;
 397                 efifb->fb_size = efifb->fb_height * efifb->fb_stride * 4;
 398                 efifb->fb_addr = strtoul(ev, &p, 0);
 399                 if (*p != '\0')
 400                         return (1);
 401         }
 402
 403         ev = getenv("hw.efifb.stride");
 404         if (ev == NULL) {
 405                 if (pciio != NULL && offset != -1) {
 406                         /* Determine the stride. */
 407                         offset = efifb_uga_find_pixel(uga, 1, pciio,
 408                             efifb->fb_addr, horiz * 8);
 409                         if (offset != -1)
 410                                 efifb->fb_stride = offset >> 2;
 411                 } else {
 412                         printf("Unable to reliably detect the stride.\n");
 413                 }
 414         } else {
 415                 efifb->fb_stride = strtoul(ev, &p, 0);
 416                 if (*p != '\0')
 417                         return (1);
 418         }
 419
 420         /*
 421          * We finalized on the stride, so recalculate the size of the
 422          * frame buffer.
 423          */
 424         efifb->fb_size = efifb->fb_height * efifb->fb_stride * 4;
 425         return (0);
 426 }
 427
 428 int
 429 efi_find_framebuffer(struct efi_fb *efifb)
 430 {
 431         EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT *gop;
 432         EFI_UGA_DRAW_PROTOCOL *uga;
 433         EFI_STATUS status;
 434
 435         status = BS->LocateProtocol(&gop_guid, NULL, (VOID **)&gop);
 436         if (status == EFI_SUCCESS)
 437                 return (efifb_from_gop(efifb, gop->Mode, gop->Mode->Info));
 438
 439         status = BS->LocateProtocol(&uga_guid, NULL, (VOID **)&uga);
 440         if (status == EFI_SUCCESS)
 441                 return (efifb_from_uga(efifb, uga));
 442
 443         return (1);
 444 }
 445
 446 static void
 447 print_efifb(int mode, struct efi_fb *efifb, int verbose)
 448 {
 449         u_int depth;
 450
 451         if (mode >= 0)
 452                 printf("mode %d: ", mode);
 453         depth = efifb_color_depth(efifb);
 454         printf("%ux%ux%u, stride=%u", efifb->fb_width, efifb->fb_height,
 455             depth, efifb->fb_stride);
 456         if (verbose) {
 457                 printf("\n    frame buffer: address=%jx, size=%jx",
 458                     (uintmax_t)efifb->fb_addr, (uintmax_t)efifb->fb_size);
 459                 printf("\n    color mask: R=%08x, G=%08x, B=%08x\n",
 460                     efifb->fb_mask_red, efifb->fb_mask_green,
 461                     efifb->fb_mask_blue);
 462         }
 463 }
 464
 465 COMMAND_SET(gop, "gop", "graphics output protocol", command_gop);
 466
 467 static int
 468 command_gop(int argc, char *argv[])
 469 {
 470         struct efi_fb efifb;
 471         EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT *gop;
 472         EFI_STATUS status;
 473         u_int mode;
 474
 475         status = BS->LocateProtocol(&gop_guid, NULL, (VOID **)&gop);
 476         if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
 477                 snprintf(command_errbuf, sizeof (command_errbuf),
 478                     "%s: Graphics Output Protocol not present (error=%lu)",
 479                     argv[0], EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
 480                 return (CMD_ERROR);
 481         }
 482
 483         if (argc < 2)
 484                 goto usage;
 485
 486         if (!strcmp(argv[1], "set")) {
 487                 char *cp;
 488
 489                 if (argc != 3)
 490                         goto usage;
 491                 mode = strtol(argv[2], &cp, 0);
 492                 if (cp[0] != '\0') {
 493                         sprintf(command_errbuf, "mode is an integer");
 494                         return (CMD_ERROR);
 495                 }
 496                 status = gop->SetMode(gop, mode);
 497                 if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
 498                         snprintf(command_errbuf, sizeof (command_errbuf),
 499                             "%s: Unable to set mode to %u (error=%lu)",
 500                             argv[0], mode, EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
 501                         return (CMD_ERROR);
 502                 }
 503         } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "get")) {
 504                 if (argc != 2)
 505                         goto usage;
 506                 efifb_from_gop(&efifb, gop->Mode, gop->Mode->Info);
 507                 print_efifb(gop->Mode->Mode, &efifb, 1);
 508                 printf("\n");
 509         } else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "list")) {
 510                 EFI_GRAPHICS_OUTPUT_MODE_INFORMATION *info;
 511                 UINTN infosz;
 512
 513                 if (argc != 2)
 514                         goto usage;
 515                 pager_open();
 516                 for (mode = 0; mode < gop->Mode->MaxMode; mode++) {
 517                         status = gop->QueryMode(gop, mode, &infosz, &info);
 518                         if (EFI_ERROR(status))
 519                                 continue;
 520                         efifb_from_gop(&efifb, gop->Mode, info);
 521                         print_efifb(mode, &efifb, 0);
 522                         if (pager_output("\n"))
 523                                 break;
 524                 }
 525                 pager_close();
 526         }
 527         return (CMD_OK);
 528
 529  usage:
 530         snprintf(command_errbuf, sizeof (command_errbuf),
 531             "usage: %s [list | get | set <mode>]", argv[0]);
 532         return (CMD_ERROR);
 533 }
 534
 535 COMMAND_SET(uga, "uga", "universal graphics adapter", command_uga);
 536
 537 static int
 538 command_uga(int argc, char *argv[])
 539 {
 540         struct efi_fb efifb;
 541         EFI_UGA_DRAW_PROTOCOL *uga;
 542         EFI_STATUS status;
 543
 544         status = BS->LocateProtocol(&uga_guid, NULL, (VOID **)&uga);
 545         if (EFI_ERROR(status)) {
 546                 snprintf(command_errbuf, sizeof (command_errbuf),
 547                     "%s: UGA Protocol not present (error=%lu)",
 548                     argv[0], EFI_ERROR_CODE(status));
 549                 return (CMD_ERROR);
 550         }
 551
 552         if (argc != 1)
 553                 goto usage;
 554
 555         if (efifb_from_uga(&efifb, uga) != CMD_OK) {
 556                 snprintf(command_errbuf, sizeof (command_errbuf),
 557                     "%s: Unable to get UGA information", argv[0]);
 558                 return (CMD_ERROR);
 559         }
 560
 561         print_efifb(-1, &efifb, 1);
 562         printf("\n");
 563         return (CMD_OK);
 564
 565  usage:
 566         snprintf(command_errbuf, sizeof (command_errbuf), "usage: %s", argv[0]);
 567         return (CMD_ERROR);
 568 }