Merge branch 'black_magic'

[unleashed.git] / kernel / os / timers.c

/*
 * CDDL HEADER START
 *
 * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
 * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
 * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 *
 * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
 * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
 * and limitations under the License.
 *
 * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
 * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
 * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
 * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
 * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
 *
 * CDDL HEADER END
 */

/*
 * Copyright 2010 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
 * Use is subject to license terms.
 */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 1982, 1986 Regents of the University of California.
 * All rights reserved.  The Berkeley software License Agreement
 * specifies the terms and conditions for redistribution.
 */

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/user.h>
#include <sys/vnode.h>
#include <sys/proc.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include <sys/systm.h>
#include <sys/kmem.h>
#include <sys/cmn_err.h>
#include <sys/cpuvar.h>
#include <sys/timer.h>
#include <sys/debug.h>
#include <sys/sysmacros.h>
#include <sys/cyclic.h>

static void     realitexpire(void *);
static void     realprofexpire(void *);
static void     timeval_advance(struct timeval *, struct timeval *);

kmutex_t tod_lock;      /* protects time-of-day stuff */

/*
 * Constant to define the minimum interval value of the ITIMER_REALPROF timer.
 * Value is in microseconds; defaults to 500 usecs.  Setting this value
 * significantly lower may allow for denial-of-service attacks.
 */
int itimer_realprof_minimum = 500;

/*
 * macro to compare a timeval to a timestruc
 */

#define TVTSCMP(tvp, tsp, cmp) \
        /* CSTYLED */ \
        ((tvp)->tv_sec cmp (tsp)->tv_sec || \
        ((tvp)->tv_sec == (tsp)->tv_sec && \
        /* CSTYLED */ \
        (tvp)->tv_usec * 1000 cmp (tsp)->tv_nsec))

/*
 * Time of day and interval timer support.
 *
 * These routines provide the kernel entry points to get and set
 * the time-of-day and per-process interval timers.  Subroutines
 * here provide support for adding and subtracting timeval structures
 * and decrementing interval timers, optionally reloading the interval
 * timers when they expire.
 */

/*
 * SunOS function to generate monotonically increasing time values.
 */
void
uniqtime(struct timeval *tv)
{
        static struct timeval last;
        static int last_timechanged;
        timestruc_t ts;
        time_t sec;
        int usec, nsec;

        /*
         * protect modification of last
         */
        mutex_enter(&tod_lock);
        gethrestime(&ts);

        /*
         * Fast algorithm to convert nsec to usec -- see hrt2ts()
         * in kernel/os/timers.c for a full description.
         */
        nsec = ts.tv_nsec;
        usec = nsec + (nsec >> 2);
        usec = nsec + (usec >> 1);
        usec = nsec + (usec >> 2);
        usec = nsec + (usec >> 4);
        usec = nsec - (usec >> 3);
        usec = nsec + (usec >> 2);
        usec = nsec + (usec >> 3);
        usec = nsec + (usec >> 4);
        usec = nsec + (usec >> 1);
        usec = nsec + (usec >> 6);
        usec = usec >> 10;
        sec = ts.tv_sec;

        /*
         * If the system hres time has been changed since the last time
         * we are called. then all bets are off; just update our
         * local copy of timechanged and accept the reported time as is.
         */
        if (last_timechanged != timechanged) {
                last_timechanged = timechanged;
        }
        /*
         * Try to keep timestamps unique, but don't be obsessive about
         * it in the face of large differences.
         */
        else if ((sec <= last.tv_sec) &&        /* same or lower seconds, and */
            ((sec != last.tv_sec) ||            /* either different second or */
            (usec <= last.tv_usec)) &&          /* lower microsecond, and */
            ((last.tv_sec - sec) <= 5)) {       /* not way back in time */
                sec = last.tv_sec;
                usec = last.tv_usec + 1;
                if (usec >= MICROSEC) {
                        usec -= MICROSEC;
                        sec++;
                }
        }
        last.tv_sec = sec;
        last.tv_usec = usec;
        mutex_exit(&tod_lock);

        tv->tv_sec = sec;
        tv->tv_usec = usec;
}

/*
 * Timestamps are exported from the kernel in several places.
 * Such timestamps are commonly used for either uniqueness or for
 * sequencing - truncation to 32-bits is fine for uniqueness,
 * but sequencing is going to take more work as we get closer to 2038!
 */
void
uniqtime32(struct timeval32 *tv32p)
{
        struct timeval tv;

        uniqtime(&tv);
        TIMEVAL_TO_TIMEVAL32(tv32p, &tv);
}

int
gettimeofday(struct timeval *tp)
{
        struct timeval atv;

        if (tp) {
                uniqtime(&atv);
                if (get_udatamodel() == DATAMODEL_NATIVE) {
                        if (copyout(&atv, tp, sizeof (atv)))
                                return (set_errno(EFAULT));
                } else {
                        struct timeval32 tv32;

                        if (TIMEVAL_OVERFLOW(&atv))
                                return (set_errno(EOVERFLOW));
                        TIMEVAL_TO_TIMEVAL32(&tv32, &atv);

                        if (copyout(&tv32, tp, sizeof (tv32)))
                                return (set_errno(EFAULT));
                }
        }
        return (0);
}

int
getitimer(uint_t which, struct itimerval *itv)
{
        int error;

        if (get_udatamodel() == DATAMODEL_NATIVE)
                error = xgetitimer(which, itv, 0);
        else {
                struct itimerval kitv;

                if ((error = xgetitimer(which, &kitv, 1)) == 0) {
                        if (ITIMERVAL_OVERFLOW(&kitv)) {
                                error = EOVERFLOW;
                        } else {
                                struct itimerval32 itv32;

                                ITIMERVAL_TO_ITIMERVAL32(&itv32, &kitv);
                                if (copyout(&itv32, itv, sizeof (itv32)) != 0)
                                        error = EFAULT;
                        }
                }
        }

        return (error ? (set_errno(error)) : 0);
}

int
xgetitimer(uint_t which, struct itimerval *itv, int iskaddr)
{
        struct proc *p = curproc;
        struct timeval now;
        struct itimerval aitv;
        hrtime_t ts, first, interval, remain;

        mutex_enter(&p->p_lock);

        switch (which) {
        case ITIMER_VIRTUAL:
        case ITIMER_PROF:
                aitv = ttolwp(curthread)->lwp_timer[which];
                break;

        case ITIMER_REAL:
                uniqtime(&now);
                aitv = p->p_realitimer;

                if (timerisset(&aitv.it_value)) {
                        /*CSTYLED*/
                        if (timercmp(&aitv.it_value, &now, <)) {
                                timerclear(&aitv.it_value);
                        } else {
                                timevalsub(&aitv.it_value, &now);
                        }
                }
                break;

        case ITIMER_REALPROF:
                if (curproc->p_rprof_cyclic == CYCLIC_NONE) {
                        bzero(&aitv, sizeof (aitv));
                        break;
                }

                aitv = curproc->p_rprof_timer;

                first = tv2hrt(&aitv.it_value);
                interval = tv2hrt(&aitv.it_interval);

                if ((ts = gethrtime()) < first) {
                        /*
                         * We haven't gone off for the first time; the time
                         * remaining is simply the first time we will go
                         * off minus the current time.
                         */
                        remain = first - ts;
                } else {
                        if (interval == 0) {
                                /*
                                 * This was set as a one-shot, and we've
                                 * already gone off; there is no time
                                 * remaining.
                                 */
                                remain = 0;
                        } else {
                                /*
                                 * We have a non-zero interval; we need to
                                 * determine how far we are into the current
                                 * interval, and subtract that from the
                                 * interval to determine the time remaining.
                                 */
                                remain = interval - ((ts - first) % interval);
                        }
                }

                hrt2tv(remain, &aitv.it_value);
                break;

        default:
                mutex_exit(&p->p_lock);
                return (EINVAL);
        }

        mutex_exit(&p->p_lock);

        if (iskaddr) {
                bcopy(&aitv, itv, sizeof (*itv));
        } else {
                ASSERT(get_udatamodel() == DATAMODEL_NATIVE);
                if (copyout(&aitv, itv, sizeof (*itv)))
                        return (EFAULT);
        }

        return (0);
}


int
setitimer(uint_t which, struct itimerval *itv, struct itimerval *oitv)
{
        int error;

        if (oitv != NULL)
                if ((error = getitimer(which, oitv)) != 0)
                        return (error);

        if (itv == NULL)
                return (0);

        if (get_udatamodel() == DATAMODEL_NATIVE)
                error = xsetitimer(which, itv, 0);
        else {
                struct itimerval32 itv32;
                struct itimerval kitv;

                if (copyin(itv, &itv32, sizeof (itv32)))
                        error = EFAULT;
                ITIMERVAL32_TO_ITIMERVAL(&kitv, &itv32);
                error = xsetitimer(which, &kitv, 1);
        }

        return (error ? (set_errno(error)) : 0);
}

int
xsetitimer(uint_t which, struct itimerval *itv, int iskaddr)
{
        struct itimerval aitv;
        struct timeval now;
        struct proc *p = curproc;
        kthread_t *t;
        timeout_id_t tmp_id;
        cyc_handler_t hdlr;
        cyc_time_t when;
        cyclic_id_t cyclic;
        hrtime_t ts;
        int min;

        if (itv == NULL)
                return (0);

        if (iskaddr) {
                bcopy(itv, &aitv, sizeof (aitv));
        } else {
                ASSERT(get_udatamodel() == DATAMODEL_NATIVE);
                if (copyin(itv, &aitv, sizeof (aitv)))
                        return (EFAULT);
        }

        if (which == ITIMER_REALPROF) {
                min = MAX((int)(cyclic_getres() / (NANOSEC / MICROSEC)),
                    itimer_realprof_minimum);
        } else {
                min = usec_per_tick;
        }

        if (itimerfix(&aitv.it_value, min) ||
            (itimerfix(&aitv.it_interval, min) && timerisset(&aitv.it_value)))
                return (EINVAL);

        mutex_enter(&p->p_lock);
        switch (which) {
        case ITIMER_REAL:
                /*
                 * The SITBUSY flag prevents conflicts with multiple
                 * threads attempting to perform setitimer(ITIMER_REAL)
                 * at the same time, even when we drop p->p_lock below.
                 * Any blocked thread returns successfully because the
                 * effect is the same as if it got here first, finished,
                 * and the other thread then came through and destroyed
                 * what it did.  We are just protecting the system from
                 * malfunctioning due to the race condition.
                 */
                if (p->p_flag & SITBUSY) {
                        mutex_exit(&p->p_lock);
                        return (0);
                }
                p->p_flag |= SITBUSY;
                while ((tmp_id = p->p_itimerid) != 0) {
                        /*
                         * Avoid deadlock in callout_delete (called from
                         * untimeout) which may go to sleep (while holding
                         * p_lock). Drop p_lock and re-acquire it after
                         * untimeout returns. Need to clear p_itimerid
                         * while holding p_lock.
                         */
                        p->p_itimerid = 0;
                        mutex_exit(&p->p_lock);
                        (void) untimeout(tmp_id);
                        mutex_enter(&p->p_lock);
                }
                if (timerisset(&aitv.it_value)) {
                        uniqtime(&now);
                        timevaladd(&aitv.it_value, &now);
                        p->p_itimerid = realtime_timeout(realitexpire,
                            p, hzto(&aitv.it_value));
                }
                p->p_realitimer = aitv;
                p->p_flag &= ~SITBUSY;
                break;

        case ITIMER_REALPROF:
                cyclic = p->p_rprof_cyclic;
                p->p_rprof_cyclic = CYCLIC_NONE;

                mutex_exit(&p->p_lock);

                /*
                 * We're now going to acquire cpu_lock, remove the old cyclic
                 * if necessary, and add our new cyclic.
                 */
                mutex_enter(&cpu_lock);

                if (cyclic != CYCLIC_NONE)
                        cyclic_remove(cyclic);

                if (!timerisset(&aitv.it_value)) {
                        /*
                         * If we were passed a value of 0, we're done.
                         */
                        mutex_exit(&cpu_lock);
                        return (0);
                }

                hdlr.cyh_func = realprofexpire;
                hdlr.cyh_arg = p;
                hdlr.cyh_level = CY_LOW_LEVEL;

                when.cyt_when = (ts = gethrtime() + tv2hrt(&aitv.it_value));
                when.cyt_interval = tv2hrt(&aitv.it_interval);

                if (when.cyt_interval == 0) {
                        /*
                         * Using the same logic as for CLOCK_HIGHRES timers, we
                         * set the interval to be INT64_MAX - when.cyt_when to
                         * effect a one-shot; see the comment in clock_highres.c
                         * for more details on why this works.
                         */
                        when.cyt_interval = INT64_MAX - when.cyt_when;
                }

                cyclic = cyclic_add(&hdlr, &when);

                mutex_exit(&cpu_lock);

                /*
                 * We have now successfully added the cyclic.  Reacquire
                 * p_lock, and see if anyone has snuck in.
                 */
                mutex_enter(&p->p_lock);

                if (p->p_rprof_cyclic != CYCLIC_NONE) {
                        /*
                         * We're racing with another thread establishing an
                         * ITIMER_REALPROF interval timer.  We'll let the other
                         * thread win (this is a race at the application level,
                         * so letting the other thread win is acceptable).
                         */
                        mutex_exit(&p->p_lock);
                        mutex_enter(&cpu_lock);
                        cyclic_remove(cyclic);
                        mutex_exit(&cpu_lock);

                        return (0);
                }

                /*
                 * Success.  Set our tracking variables in the proc structure,
                 * cancel any outstanding ITIMER_PROF, and allocate the
                 * per-thread SIGPROF buffers, if possible.
                 */
                hrt2tv(ts, &aitv.it_value);
                p->p_rprof_timer = aitv;
                p->p_rprof_cyclic = cyclic;

                t = p->p_tlist;
                do {
                        struct itimerval *itvp;

                        itvp = &ttolwp(t)->lwp_timer[ITIMER_PROF];
                        timerclear(&itvp->it_interval);
                        timerclear(&itvp->it_value);

                        if (t->t_rprof != NULL)
                                continue;

                        t->t_rprof =
                            kmem_zalloc(sizeof (struct rprof), KM_NOSLEEP);
                        aston(t);
                } while ((t = t->t_forw) != p->p_tlist);

                break;

        case ITIMER_VIRTUAL:
                ttolwp(curthread)->lwp_timer[ITIMER_VIRTUAL] = aitv;
                break;

        case ITIMER_PROF:
                if (p->p_rprof_cyclic != CYCLIC_NONE) {
                        /*
                         * Silently ignore ITIMER_PROF if ITIMER_REALPROF
                         * is in effect.
                         */
                        break;
                }

                ttolwp(curthread)->lwp_timer[ITIMER_PROF] = aitv;
                break;

        default:
                mutex_exit(&p->p_lock);
                return (EINVAL);
        }
        mutex_exit(&p->p_lock);
        return (0);
}

/*
 * Delete the ITIMER_REALPROF interval timer.
 * Called only from exec_args() when exec occurs.
 * The other ITIMER_* interval timers are specified
 * to be inherited across exec(), so leave them alone.
 */
void
delete_itimer_realprof(void)
{
        kthread_t *t = curthread;
        struct proc *p = ttoproc(t);
        klwp_t *lwp = ttolwp(t);
        cyclic_id_t cyclic;

        mutex_enter(&p->p_lock);

        /* we are performing execve(); assert we are single-threaded */
        ASSERT(t == p->p_tlist && t == t->t_forw);

        if ((cyclic = p->p_rprof_cyclic) == CYCLIC_NONE) {
                mutex_exit(&p->p_lock);
        } else {
                p->p_rprof_cyclic = CYCLIC_NONE;
                /*
                 * Delete any current instance of SIGPROF.
                 */
                if (lwp->lwp_cursig == SIGPROF) {
                        lwp->lwp_cursig = 0;
                        lwp->lwp_extsig = 0;
                        if (lwp->lwp_curinfo) {
                                siginfofree(lwp->lwp_curinfo);
                                lwp->lwp_curinfo = NULL;
                        }
                }
                /*
                 * Delete any pending instances of SIGPROF.
                 */
                sigdelset(&p->p_sig, SIGPROF);
                sigdelset(&p->p_extsig, SIGPROF);
                sigdelq(p, NULL, SIGPROF);
                sigdelset(&t->t_sig, SIGPROF);
                sigdelset(&t->t_extsig, SIGPROF);
                sigdelq(p, t, SIGPROF);

                mutex_exit(&p->p_lock);

                /*
                 * Remove the ITIMER_REALPROF cyclic.
                 */
                mutex_enter(&cpu_lock);
                cyclic_remove(cyclic);
                mutex_exit(&cpu_lock);
        }
}

/*
 * Real interval timer expired:
 * send process whose timer expired an alarm signal.
 * If time is not set up to reload, then just return.
 * Else compute next time timer should go off which is > current time.
 * This is where delay in processing this timeout causes multiple
 * SIGALRM calls to be compressed into one.
 */
static void
realitexpire(void *arg)
{
        struct proc *p = arg;
        struct timeval *valp = &p->p_realitimer.it_value;
        struct timeval *intervalp = &p->p_realitimer.it_interval;
#if !defined(_LP64)
        clock_t ticks;
#endif

        mutex_enter(&p->p_lock);
#if !defined(_LP64)
        if ((ticks = hzto(valp)) > 1) {
                /*
                 * If we are executing before we were meant to, it must be
                 * because of an overflow in a prior hzto() calculation.
                 * In this case, we want to go to sleep for the recalculated
                 * number of ticks. For the special meaning of the value "1"
                 * see comment in timespectohz().
                 */
                p->p_itimerid = realtime_timeout(realitexpire, p, ticks);
                mutex_exit(&p->p_lock);
                return;
        }
#endif
        sigtoproc(p, NULL, SIGALRM);
        if (!timerisset(intervalp)) {
                timerclear(valp);
                p->p_itimerid = 0;
        } else {
                /* advance timer value past current time */
                timeval_advance(valp, intervalp);
                p->p_itimerid = realtime_timeout(realitexpire, p, hzto(valp));
        }
        mutex_exit(&p->p_lock);
}

/*
 * Real time profiling interval timer expired:
 * Increment microstate counters for each lwp in the process
 * and ensure that running lwps are kicked into the kernel.
 * If time is not set up to reload, then just return.
 * Else compute next time timer should go off which is > current time,
 * as above.
 */
static void
realprofexpire(void *arg)
{
        struct proc *p = arg;
        kthread_t *t;

        mutex_enter(&p->p_lock);
        if (p->p_rprof_cyclic == CYCLIC_NONE ||
            (t = p->p_tlist) == NULL) {
                mutex_exit(&p->p_lock);
                return;
        }
        do {
                int mstate;

                /*
                 * Attempt to allocate the SIGPROF buffer, but don't sleep.
                 */
                if (t->t_rprof == NULL)
                        t->t_rprof = kmem_zalloc(sizeof (struct rprof),
                            KM_NOSLEEP);
                if (t->t_rprof == NULL)
                        continue;

                thread_lock(t);
                switch (t->t_state) {
                case TS_SLEEP:
                        switch (mstate = ttolwp(t)->lwp_mstate.ms_prev) {
                        case LMS_TFAULT:
                        case LMS_DFAULT:
                        case LMS_KFAULT:
                        case LMS_USER_LOCK:
                                break;
                        default:
                                mstate = LMS_SLEEP;
                                break;
                        }
                        break;
                case TS_RUN:
                case TS_WAIT:
                        mstate = LMS_WAIT_CPU;
                        break;
                case TS_ONPROC:
                        switch (mstate = t->t_mstate) {
                        case LMS_USER:
                        case LMS_SYSTEM:
                        case LMS_TRAP:
                                break;
                        default:
                                mstate = LMS_SYSTEM;
                                break;
                        }
                        break;
                default:
                        mstate = t->t_mstate;
                        break;
                }
                t->t_rprof->rp_anystate = 1;
                t->t_rprof->rp_state[mstate]++;
                aston(t);
                /*
                 * force the thread into the kernel
                 * if it is not already there.
                 */
                if (t->t_state == TS_ONPROC && t->t_cpu != CPU)
                        poke_cpu(t->t_cpu->cpu_id);
                thread_unlock(t);
        } while ((t = t->t_forw) != p->p_tlist);

        mutex_exit(&p->p_lock);
}

/*
 * Advances timer value past the current time of day.  See the detailed
 * comment for this logic in realitsexpire(), above.
 */
static void
timeval_advance(struct timeval *valp, struct timeval *intervalp)
{
        int cnt2nth;
        struct timeval interval2nth;

        for (;;) {
                interval2nth = *intervalp;
                for (cnt2nth = 0; ; cnt2nth++) {
                        timevaladd(valp, &interval2nth);
                        /*CSTYLED*/
                        if (TVTSCMP(valp, &hrestime, >))
                                break;
                        timevaladd(&interval2nth, &interval2nth);
                }
                if (cnt2nth == 0)
                        break;
                timevalsub(valp, &interval2nth);
        }
}

/*
 * Check that a proposed value to load into the .it_value or .it_interval
 * part of an interval timer is acceptable, and set it to at least a
 * specified minimal value.
 */
int
itimerfix(struct timeval *tv, int minimum)
{
        if (tv->tv_sec < 0 || tv->tv_sec > 100000000 ||
            tv->tv_usec < 0 || tv->tv_usec >= MICROSEC)
                return (EINVAL);
        if (tv->tv_sec == 0 && tv->tv_usec != 0 && tv->tv_usec < minimum)
                tv->tv_usec = minimum;
        return (0);
}

/*
 * Same as itimerfix, except a) it takes a timespec instead of a timeval and
 * b) it doesn't truncate based on timeout granularity; consumers of this
 * interface (e.g. timer_settime()) depend on the passed timespec not being
 * modified implicitly.
 */
int
itimerspecfix(timespec_t *tv)
{
        if (tv->tv_sec < 0 || tv->tv_nsec < 0 || tv->tv_nsec >= NANOSEC)
                return (EINVAL);
        return (0);
}

/*
 * Decrement an interval timer by a specified number
 * of microseconds, which must be less than a second,
 * i.e. < 1000000.  If the timer expires, then reload
 * it.  In this case, carry over (usec - old value) to
 * reducint the value reloaded into the timer so that
 * the timer does not drift.  This routine assumes
 * that it is called in a context where the timers
 * on which it is operating cannot change in value.
 */
int
itimerdecr(struct itimerval *itp, int usec)
{
        if (itp->it_value.tv_usec < usec) {
                if (itp->it_value.tv_sec == 0) {
                        /* expired, and already in next interval */
                        usec -= itp->it_value.tv_usec;
                        goto expire;
                }
                itp->it_value.tv_usec += MICROSEC;
                itp->it_value.tv_sec--;
        }
        itp->it_value.tv_usec -= usec;
        usec = 0;
        if (timerisset(&itp->it_value))
                return (1);
        /* expired, exactly at end of interval */
expire:
        if (timerisset(&itp->it_interval)) {
                itp->it_value = itp->it_interval;
                itp->it_value.tv_usec -= usec;
                if (itp->it_value.tv_usec < 0) {
                        itp->it_value.tv_usec += MICROSEC;
                        itp->it_value.tv_sec--;
                }
        } else
                itp->it_value.tv_usec = 0;              /* sec is already 0 */
        return (0);
}

/*
 * Add and subtract routines for timevals.
 * N.B.: subtract routine doesn't deal with
 * results which are before the beginning,
 * it just gets very confused in this case.
 * Caveat emptor.
 */
void
timevaladd(struct timeval *t1, struct timeval *t2)
{
        t1->tv_sec += t2->tv_sec;
        t1->tv_usec += t2->tv_usec;
        timevalfix(t1);
}

void
timevalsub(struct timeval *t1, struct timeval *t2)
{
        t1->tv_sec -= t2->tv_sec;
        t1->tv_usec -= t2->tv_usec;
        timevalfix(t1);
}

void
timevalfix(struct timeval *t1)
{
        if (t1->tv_usec < 0) {
                t1->tv_sec--;
                t1->tv_usec += MICROSEC;
        }
        if (t1->tv_usec >= MICROSEC) {
                t1->tv_sec++;
                t1->tv_usec -= MICROSEC;
        }
}

/*
 * Same as the routines above. These routines take a timespec instead
 * of a timeval.
 */
void
timespecadd(timespec_t *t1, timespec_t *t2)
{
        t1->tv_sec += t2->tv_sec;
        t1->tv_nsec += t2->tv_nsec;
        timespecfix(t1);
}

void
timespecsub(timespec_t *t1, timespec_t *t2)
{
        t1->tv_sec -= t2->tv_sec;
        t1->tv_nsec -= t2->tv_nsec;
        timespecfix(t1);
}

void
timespecfix(timespec_t *t1)
{
        if (t1->tv_nsec < 0) {
                t1->tv_sec--;
                t1->tv_nsec += NANOSEC;
        } else {
                if (t1->tv_nsec >= NANOSEC) {
                        t1->tv_sec++;
                        t1->tv_nsec -= NANOSEC;
                }
        }
}

/*
 * Compute number of hz until specified time.
 * Used to compute third argument to timeout() from an absolute time.
 */
clock_t
hzto(struct timeval *tv)
{
        timespec_t ts, now;

        ts.tv_sec = tv->tv_sec;
        ts.tv_nsec = tv->tv_usec * 1000;
        gethrestime_lasttick(&now);

        return (timespectohz(&ts, now));
}

/*
 * Compute number of hz until specified time for a given timespec value.
 * Used to compute third argument to timeout() from an absolute time.
 */
clock_t
timespectohz(timespec_t *tv, timespec_t now)
{
        clock_t ticks;
        time_t  sec;
        int     nsec;

        /*
         * Compute number of ticks we will see between now and
         * the target time; returns "1" if the destination time
         * is before the next tick, so we always get some delay,
         * and returns LONG_MAX ticks if we would overflow.
         */
        sec = tv->tv_sec - now.tv_sec;
        nsec = tv->tv_nsec - now.tv_nsec + nsec_per_tick - 1;

        if (nsec < 0) {
                sec--;
                nsec += NANOSEC;
        } else if (nsec >= NANOSEC) {
                sec++;
                nsec -= NANOSEC;
        }

        ticks = NSEC_TO_TICK(nsec);

        /*
         * Compute ticks, accounting for negative and overflow as above.
         * Overflow protection kicks in at about 70 weeks for hz=50
         * and at about 35 weeks for hz=100. (Rather longer for the 64-bit
         * kernel :-)
         */
        if (sec < 0 || (sec == 0 && ticks < 1))
                ticks = 1;                      /* protect vs nonpositive */
        else if (sec > (LONG_MAX - ticks) / hz)
                ticks = LONG_MAX;               /* protect vs overflow */
        else
                ticks += sec * hz;              /* common case */

        return (ticks);
}

/*
 * Compute number of hz with the timespec tv specified.
 * The return type must be 64 bit integer.
 */
int64_t
timespectohz64(timespec_t *tv)
{
        int64_t ticks;
        int64_t sec;
        int64_t nsec;

        sec = tv->tv_sec;
        nsec = tv->tv_nsec + nsec_per_tick - 1;

        if (nsec < 0) {
                sec--;
                nsec += NANOSEC;
        } else if (nsec >= NANOSEC) {
                sec++;
                nsec -= NANOSEC;
        }

        ticks = NSEC_TO_TICK(nsec);

        /*
         * Compute ticks, accounting for negative and overflow as above.
         * Overflow protection kicks in at about 70 weeks for hz=50
         * and at about 35 weeks for hz=100. (Rather longer for the 64-bit
         * kernel
         */
        if (sec < 0 || (sec == 0 && ticks < 1))
                ticks = 1;                      /* protect vs nonpositive */
        else if (sec > (((~0ULL) >> 1) - ticks) / hz)
                ticks = (~0ULL) >> 1;           /* protect vs overflow */
        else
                ticks += sec * hz;              /* common case */

        return (ticks);
}

/*
 * hrt2ts(): convert from hrtime_t to timestruc_t.
 *
 * All this routine really does is:
 *
 *      tsp->sec  = hrt / NANOSEC;
 *      tsp->nsec = hrt % NANOSEC;
 *
 * The black magic below avoids doing a 64-bit by 32-bit integer divide,
 * which is quite expensive.  There's actually much more going on here than
 * it might first appear -- don't try this at home.
 *
 * For the adventuresome, here's an explanation of how it works.
 *
 * Multiplication by a fixed constant is easy -- you just do the appropriate
 * shifts and adds.  For example, to multiply by 10, we observe that
 *
 *      x * 10  = x * (8 + 2)
 *              = (x * 8) + (x * 2)
 *              = (x << 3) + (x << 1).
 *
 * In general, you can read the algorithm right off the bits: the number 10
 * is 1010 in binary; bits 1 and 3 are ones, so x * 10 = (x << 1) + (x << 3).
 *
 * Sometimes you can do better.  For example, 15 is 1111 binary, so the normal
 * shift/add computation is x * 15 = (x << 0) + (x << 1) + (x << 2) + (x << 3).
 * But, it's cheaper if you capitalize on the fact that you have a run of ones:
 * 1111 = 10000 - 1, hence x * 15 = (x << 4) - (x << 0).  [You would never
 * actually perform the operation << 0, since it's a no-op; I'm just writing
 * it that way for clarity.]
 *
 * The other way you can win is if you get lucky with the prime factorization
 * of your constant.  The number 1,000,000,000, which we have to multiply
 * by below, is a good example.  One billion is 111011100110101100101000000000
 * in binary.  If you apply the bit-grouping trick, it doesn't buy you very
 * much, because it's only a win for groups of three or more equal bits:
 *
 * 111011100110101100101000000000 = 1000000000000000000000000000000
 *                                -  000100011001010011011000000000
 *
 * Thus, instead of the 13 shift/add pairs (26 operations) implied by the LHS,
 * we have reduced this to 10 shift/add pairs (20 operations) on the RHS.
 * This is better, but not great.
 *
 * However, we can factor 1,000,000,000 = 2^9 * 5^9 = 2^9 * 125 * 125 * 125,
 * and multiply by each factor.  Multiplication by 125 is particularly easy,
 * since 128 is nearby: x * 125 = (x << 7) - x - x - x, which is just four
 * operations.  So, to multiply by 1,000,000,000, we perform three multipli-
 * cations by 125, then << 9, a total of only 3 * 4 + 1 = 13 operations.
 * This is the algorithm we actually use in both hrt2ts() and ts2hrt().
 *
 * Division is harder; there is no equivalent of the simple shift-add algorithm
 * we used for multiplication.  However, we can convert the division problem
 * into a multiplication problem by pre-computing the binary representation
 * of the reciprocal of the divisor.  For the case of interest, we have
 *
 *      1 / 1,000,000,000 = 1.0001001011100000101111101000001B-30,
 *
 * to 32 bits of precision.  (The notation B-30 means "* 2^-30", just like
 * E-18 means "* 10^-18".)
 *
 * So, to compute x / 1,000,000,000, we just multiply x by the 32-bit
 * integer 10001001011100000101111101000001, then normalize (shift) the
 * result.  This constant has several large bits runs, so the multiply
 * is relatively cheap:
 *
 *      10001001011100000101111101000001 = 10001001100000000110000001000001
 *                                       - 00000000000100000000000100000000
 *
 * Again, you can just read the algorithm right off the bits:
 *
 *                      sec = hrt;
 *                      sec += (hrt << 6);
 *                      sec -= (hrt << 8);
 *                      sec += (hrt << 13);
 *                      sec += (hrt << 14);
 *                      sec -= (hrt << 20);
 *                      sec += (hrt << 23);
 *                      sec += (hrt << 24);
 *                      sec += (hrt << 27);
 *                      sec += (hrt << 31);
 *                      sec >>= (32 + 30);
 *
 * Voila!  The only problem is, since hrt is 64 bits, we need to use 96-bit
 * arithmetic to perform this calculation.  That's a waste, because ultimately
 * we only need the highest 32 bits of the result.
 *
 * The first thing we do is to realize that we don't need to use all of hrt
 * in the calculation.  The lowest 30 bits can contribute at most 1 to the
 * quotient (2^30 / 1,000,000,000 = 1.07...), so we'll deal with them later.
 * The highest 2 bits have to be zero, or hrt won't fit in a timestruc_t.
 * Thus, the only bits of hrt that matter for division are bits 30..61.
 * These 32 bits are just the lower-order word of (hrt >> 30).  This brings
 * us down from 96-bit math to 64-bit math, and our algorithm becomes:
 *
 *                      tmp = (uint32_t) (hrt >> 30);
 *                      sec = tmp;
 *                      sec += (tmp << 6);
 *                      sec -= (tmp << 8);
 *                      sec += (tmp << 13);
 *                      sec += (tmp << 14);
 *                      sec -= (tmp << 20);
 *                      sec += (tmp << 23);
 *                      sec += (tmp << 24);
 *                      sec += (tmp << 27);
 *                      sec += (tmp << 31);
 *                      sec >>= 32;
 *
 * Next, we're going to reduce this 64-bit computation to a 32-bit
 * computation.  We begin by rewriting the above algorithm to use relative
 * shifts instead of absolute shifts.  That is, instead of computing
 * tmp << 6, tmp << 8, tmp << 13, etc, we'll just shift incrementally:
 * tmp <<= 6, tmp <<= 2 (== 8 - 6), tmp <<= 5 (== 13 - 8), etc:
 *
 *                      tmp = (uint32_t) (hrt >> 30);
 *                      sec = tmp;
 *                      tmp <<= 6; sec += tmp;
 *                      tmp <<= 2; sec -= tmp;
 *                      tmp <<= 5; sec += tmp;
 *                      tmp <<= 1; sec += tmp;
 *                      tmp <<= 6; sec -= tmp;
 *                      tmp <<= 3; sec += tmp;
 *                      tmp <<= 1; sec += tmp;
 *                      tmp <<= 3; sec += tmp;
 *                      tmp <<= 4; sec += tmp;
 *                      sec >>= 32;
 *
 * Now for the final step.  Instead of throwing away the low 32 bits at
 * the end, we can throw them away as we go, only keeping the high 32 bits
 * of the product at each step.  So, for example, where we now have
 *
 *                      tmp <<= 6; sec = sec + tmp;
 * we will instead have
 *                      tmp <<= 6; sec = (sec + tmp) >> 6;
 * which is equivalent to
 *                      sec = (sec >> 6) + tmp;
 *
 * The final shift ("sec >>= 32") goes away.
 *
 * All we're really doing here is long multiplication, just like we learned in
 * grade school, except that at each step, we only look at the leftmost 32
 * columns.  The cumulative error is, at most, the sum of all the bits we
 * throw away, which is 2^-32 + 2^-31 + ... + 2^-2 + 2^-1 == 1 - 2^-32.
 * Thus, the final result ("sec") is correct to +/- 1.
 *
 * It turns out to be important to keep "sec" positive at each step, because
 * we don't want to have to explicitly extend the sign bit.  Therefore,
 * starting with the last line of code above, each line that would have read
 * "sec = (sec >> n) - tmp" must be changed to "sec = tmp - (sec >> n)", and
 * the operators (+ or -) in all previous lines must be toggled accordingly.
 * Thus, we end up with:
 *
 *                      tmp = (uint32_t) (hrt >> 30);
 *                      sec = tmp + (sec >> 6);
 *                      sec = tmp - (tmp >> 2);
 *                      sec = tmp - (sec >> 5);
 *                      sec = tmp + (sec >> 1);
 *                      sec = tmp - (sec >> 6);
 *                      sec = tmp - (sec >> 3);
 *                      sec = tmp + (sec >> 1);
 *                      sec = tmp + (sec >> 3);
 *                      sec = tmp + (sec >> 4);
 *
 * This yields a value for sec that is accurate to +1/-1, so we have two
 * cases to deal with.  The mysterious-looking "+ 7" in the code below biases
 * the rounding toward zero, so that sec is always less than or equal to
 * the correct value.  With this modified code, sec is accurate to +0/-2, with
 * the -2 case being very rare in practice.  With this change, we only have to
 * deal with one case (sec too small) in the cleanup code.
 *
 * The other modification we make is to delete the second line above
 * ("sec = tmp + (sec >> 6);"), since it only has an effect when bit 31 is
 * set, and the cleanup code can handle that rare case.  This reduces the
 * *guaranteed* accuracy of sec to +0/-3, but speeds up the common cases.
 *
 * Finally, we compute nsec = hrt - (sec * 1,000,000,000).  nsec will always
 * be positive (since sec is never too large), and will at most be equal to
 * the error in sec (times 1,000,000,000) plus the low-order 30 bits of hrt.
 * Thus, nsec < 3 * 1,000,000,000 + 2^30, which is less than 2^32, so we can
 * safely assume that nsec fits in 32 bits.  Consequently, when we compute
 * sec * 1,000,000,000, we only need the low 32 bits, so we can just do 32-bit
 * arithmetic and let the high-order bits fall off the end.
 *
 * Since nsec < 3 * 1,000,000,000 + 2^30 == 4,073,741,824, the cleanup loop:
 *
 *                      while (nsec >= NANOSEC) {
 *                              nsec -= NANOSEC;
 *                              sec++;
 *                      }
 *
 * is guaranteed to complete in at most 4 iterations.  In practice, the loop
 * completes in 0 or 1 iteration over 95% of the time.
 *
 * On an SS2, this implementation of hrt2ts() takes 1.7 usec, versus about
 * 35 usec for software division -- about 20 times faster.
 */
void
hrt2ts(hrtime_t hrt, timestruc_t *tsp)
{
        uint32_t sec, nsec, tmp;

        tmp = (uint32_t)(hrt >> 30);
        sec = tmp - (tmp >> 2);
        sec = tmp - (sec >> 5);
        sec = tmp + (sec >> 1);
        sec = tmp - (sec >> 6) + 7;
        sec = tmp - (sec >> 3);
        sec = tmp + (sec >> 1);
        sec = tmp + (sec >> 3);
        sec = tmp + (sec >> 4);
        tmp = (sec << 7) - sec - sec - sec;
        tmp = (tmp << 7) - tmp - tmp - tmp;
        tmp = (tmp << 7) - tmp - tmp - tmp;
        nsec = (uint32_t)hrt - (tmp << 9);
        while (nsec >= NANOSEC) {
                nsec -= NANOSEC;
                sec++;
        }
        tsp->tv_sec = (time_t)sec;
        tsp->tv_nsec = nsec;
}

/*
 * Convert from timestruc_t to hrtime_t.
 *
 * The code below is equivalent to:
 *
 *      hrt = tsp->tv_sec * NANOSEC + tsp->tv_nsec;
 *
 * but requires no integer multiply.
 */
hrtime_t
ts2hrt(const timestruc_t *tsp)
{
        hrtime_t hrt;

        hrt = tsp->tv_sec;
        hrt = (hrt << 7) - hrt - hrt - hrt;
        hrt = (hrt << 7) - hrt - hrt - hrt;
        hrt = (hrt << 7) - hrt - hrt - hrt;
        hrt = (hrt << 9) + tsp->tv_nsec;
        return (hrt);
}

/*
 * For the various 32-bit "compatibility" paths in the system.
 */
void
hrt2ts32(hrtime_t hrt, timestruc32_t *ts32p)
{
        timestruc_t ts;

        hrt2ts(hrt, &ts);
        TIMESPEC_TO_TIMESPEC32(ts32p, &ts);
}

/*
 * If this ever becomes performance critical (ha!), we can borrow the
 * code from ts2hrt(), above, to multiply tv_sec by 1,000,000 and the
 * straightforward (x << 10) - (x << 5) + (x << 3) to multiply tv_usec by
 * 1,000.  For now, we'll opt for readability (besides, the compiler does
 * a passable job of optimizing constant multiplication into shifts and adds).
 */
hrtime_t
tv2hrt(struct timeval *tvp)
{
        return ((hrtime_t)tvp->tv_sec * NANOSEC +
            (hrtime_t)tvp->tv_usec * (NANOSEC / MICROSEC));
}

void
hrt2tv(hrtime_t hrt, struct timeval *tvp)
{
        uint32_t sec, nsec, tmp;
        uint32_t q, r, t;

        tmp = (uint32_t)(hrt >> 30);
        sec = tmp - (tmp >> 2);
        sec = tmp - (sec >> 5);
        sec = tmp + (sec >> 1);
        sec = tmp - (sec >> 6) + 7;
        sec = tmp - (sec >> 3);
        sec = tmp + (sec >> 1);
        sec = tmp + (sec >> 3);
        sec = tmp + (sec >> 4);
        tmp = (sec << 7) - sec - sec - sec;
        tmp = (tmp << 7) - tmp - tmp - tmp;
        tmp = (tmp << 7) - tmp - tmp - tmp;
        nsec = (uint32_t)hrt - (tmp << 9);
        while (nsec >= NANOSEC) {
                nsec -= NANOSEC;
                sec++;
        }
        tvp->tv_sec = (time_t)sec;
/*
 * this routine is very similar to hr2ts, but requires microseconds
 * instead of nanoseconds, so an interger divide by 1000 routine
 * completes the conversion
 */
        t = (nsec >> 7) + (nsec >> 8) + (nsec >> 12);
        q = (nsec >> 1) + t + (nsec >> 15) + (t >> 11) + (t >> 14);
        q = q >> 9;
        r = nsec - q*1000;
        tvp->tv_usec = q + ((r + 24) >> 10);

}

int
nanosleep(timespec_t *rqtp, timespec_t *rmtp)
{
        timespec_t rqtime;
        timespec_t rmtime;
        timespec_t now;
        int timecheck;
        int ret = 1;
        model_t datamodel = get_udatamodel();

        timecheck = timechanged;
        gethrestime(&now);

        if (datamodel == DATAMODEL_NATIVE) {
                if (copyin(rqtp, &rqtime, sizeof (rqtime)))
                        return (set_errno(EFAULT));
        } else {
                timespec32_t rqtime32;

                if (copyin(rqtp, &rqtime32, sizeof (rqtime32)))
                        return (set_errno(EFAULT));
                TIMESPEC32_TO_TIMESPEC(&rqtime, &rqtime32);
        }

        if (rqtime.tv_sec < 0 || rqtime.tv_nsec < 0 ||
            rqtime.tv_nsec >= NANOSEC)
                return (set_errno(EINVAL));

        if (timerspecisset(&rqtime)) {
                timespecadd(&rqtime, &now);
                mutex_enter(&curthread->t_delay_lock);
                while ((ret = cv_waituntil_sig(&curthread->t_delay_cv,
                    &curthread->t_delay_lock, &rqtime, timecheck)) > 0)
                        continue;
                mutex_exit(&curthread->t_delay_lock);
        }

        if (rmtp) {
                /*
                 * If cv_waituntil_sig() returned due to a signal, and
                 * there is time remaining, then set the time remaining.
                 * Else set time remaining to zero
                 */
                rmtime.tv_sec = rmtime.tv_nsec = 0;
                if (ret == 0) {
                        timespec_t delta = rqtime;

                        gethrestime(&now);
                        timespecsub(&delta, &now);
                        if (delta.tv_sec > 0 || (delta.tv_sec == 0 &&
                            delta.tv_nsec > 0))
                                rmtime = delta;
                }

                if (datamodel == DATAMODEL_NATIVE) {
                        if (copyout(&rmtime, rmtp, sizeof (rmtime)))
                                return (set_errno(EFAULT));
                } else {
                        timespec32_t rmtime32;

                        TIMESPEC_TO_TIMESPEC32(&rmtime32, &rmtime);
                        if (copyout(&rmtime32, rmtp, sizeof (rmtime32)))
                                return (set_errno(EFAULT));
                }
        }

        if (ret == 0)
                return (set_errno(EINTR));
        return (0);
}

/*
 * Routines to convert standard UNIX time (seconds since Jan 1, 1970)
 * into year/month/day/hour/minute/second format, and back again.
 * Note: these routines require tod_lock held to protect cached state.
 */
static int days_thru_month[64] = {
        0, 0, 31, 60, 91, 121, 152, 182, 213, 244, 274, 305, 335, 366, 0, 0,
        0, 0, 31, 59, 90, 120, 151, 181, 212, 243, 273, 304, 334, 365, 0, 0,
        0, 0, 31, 59, 90, 120, 151, 181, 212, 243, 273, 304, 334, 365, 0, 0,
        0, 0, 31, 59, 90, 120, 151, 181, 212, 243, 273, 304, 334, 365, 0, 0,
};

todinfo_t saved_tod;
int saved_utc = -60;

todinfo_t
utc_to_tod(time_t utc)
{
        long dse, day, month, year;
        todinfo_t tod;

        ASSERT(MUTEX_HELD(&tod_lock));

        /*
         * Note that tod_set_prev() assumes utc will be set to zero in
         * the case of it being negative.  Consequently, any change made
         * to this behavior would have to be reflected in that function
         * as well.
         */
        if (utc < 0)                    /* should never happen */
                utc = 0;

        saved_tod.tod_sec += utc - saved_utc;
        saved_utc = utc;
        if (saved_tod.tod_sec >= 0 && saved_tod.tod_sec < 60)
                return (saved_tod);     /* only the seconds changed */

        dse = utc / 86400;              /* days since epoch */

        tod.tod_sec = utc % 60;
        tod.tod_min = (utc % 3600) / 60;
        tod.tod_hour = (utc % 86400) / 3600;
        tod.tod_dow = (dse + 4) % 7 + 1;        /* epoch was a Thursday */

        year = dse / 365 + 72;  /* first guess -- always a bit too large */
        do {
                year--;
                day = dse - 365 * (year - 70) - ((year - 69) >> 2);
        } while (day < 0);

        month = ((year & 3) << 4) + 1;
        while (day >= days_thru_month[month + 1])
                month++;

        tod.tod_day = day - days_thru_month[month] + 1;
        tod.tod_month = month & 15;
        tod.tod_year = year;

        saved_tod = tod;
        return (tod);
}

time_t
tod_to_utc(todinfo_t tod)
{
        time_t utc;
        int year = tod.tod_year;
        int month = tod.tod_month + ((year & 3) << 4);
#ifdef DEBUG
        /* only warn once, not each time called */
        static int year_warn = 1;
        static int month_warn = 1;
        static int day_warn = 1;
        static int hour_warn = 1;
        static int min_warn = 1;
        static int sec_warn = 1;
        int days_diff = days_thru_month[month + 1] - days_thru_month[month];
#endif

        ASSERT(MUTEX_HELD(&tod_lock));

#ifdef DEBUG
        if (year_warn && (year < 70 || year > 8029)) {
                cmn_err(CE_WARN,
                    "The hardware real-time clock appears to have the "
                    "wrong years value %d -- time needs to be reset\n",
                    year);
                year_warn = 0;
        }

        if (month_warn && (tod.tod_month < 1 || tod.tod_month > 12)) {
                cmn_err(CE_WARN,
                    "The hardware real-time clock appears to have the "
                    "wrong months value %d -- time needs to be reset\n",
                    tod.tod_month);
                month_warn = 0;
        }

        if (day_warn && (tod.tod_day < 1 || tod.tod_day > days_diff)) {
                cmn_err(CE_WARN,
                    "The hardware real-time clock appears to have the "
                    "wrong days value %d -- time needs to be reset\n",
                    tod.tod_day);
                day_warn = 0;
        }

        if (hour_warn && (tod.tod_hour < 0 || tod.tod_hour > 23)) {
                cmn_err(CE_WARN,
                    "The hardware real-time clock appears to have the "
                    "wrong hours value %d -- time needs to be reset\n",
                    tod.tod_hour);
                hour_warn = 0;
        }

        if (min_warn && (tod.tod_min < 0 || tod.tod_min > 59)) {
                cmn_err(CE_WARN,
                    "The hardware real-time clock appears to have the "
                    "wrong minutes value %d -- time needs to be reset\n",
                    tod.tod_min);
                min_warn = 0;
        }

        if (sec_warn && (tod.tod_sec < 0 || tod.tod_sec > 59)) {
                cmn_err(CE_WARN,
                    "The hardware real-time clock appears to have the "
                    "wrong seconds value %d -- time needs to be reset\n",
                    tod.tod_sec);
                sec_warn = 0;
        }
#endif

        utc = (year - 70);              /* next 3 lines: utc = 365y + y/4 */
        utc += (utc << 3) + (utc << 6);
        utc += (utc << 2) + ((year - 69) >> 2);
        utc += days_thru_month[month] + tod.tod_day - 1;
        utc = (utc << 3) + (utc << 4) + tod.tod_hour;   /* 24 * day + hour */
        utc = (utc << 6) - (utc << 2) + tod.tod_min;    /* 60 * hour + min */
        utc = (utc << 6) - (utc << 2) + tod.tod_sec;    /* 60 * min + sec */

        return (utc);
}