1 .\" $OpenBSD: EVP_BytesToKey.3,v 1.6 2018/03/20 23:56:07 schwarze Exp $
2 .\" OpenSSL b97fdb57 Nov 11 09:33:09 2016 +0100
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52 .Dd $Mdocdate: March 20 2018 $
57 .Nd password based encryption routine
62 .Fa "const EVP_CIPHER *type"
63 .Fa "const EVP_MD *md"
64 .Fa "const unsigned char *salt"
65 .Fa "const unsigned char *data"
68 .Fa "unsigned char *key"
69 .Fa "unsigned char *iv"
73 derives a key and IV from various parameters.
75 is the cipher to derive the key and IV for.
77 is the message digest to use.
80 parameter is used as a salt in the derivation:
81 it should point to an 8-byte buffer or
85 is a buffer containing
87 bytes which is used to derive the keying data.
89 is the iteration count to use.
90 The derived key and IV will be written to
96 A typical application of this function is to derive keying material for
97 an encryption algorithm from a password in the
103 parameter slows down the algorithm, which makes it harder for an attacker
104 to perform a brute force attack using a large number of candidate
107 If the total key and IV length is less than the digest length and MD5
108 is used, then the derivation algorithm is compatible with PKCS#5 v1.5.
109 Otherwise, a non-standard extension is used to derive the extra data.
111 Newer applications should use more standard algorithms such as PBKDF2 as
112 defined in PKCS#5v2.1 for key derivation.
113 .Sh KEY DERIVATION ALGORITHM
114 The key and IV is derived by concatenating D_1, D_2, etc. until enough
115 data is available for the key and IV.
116 D_i is defined recursively as:
118 .Dl D_i = HASH^count(D_(i-1) || data || salt)
120 where || denotes concatenation, D_0 is empty, HASH is the digest
121 algorithm in use, HASH^1(data) is simply HASH(data), HASH^2(data) is
122 HASH(HASH(data)) and so on.
124 The initial bytes are used for the key and the subsequent bytes for the
132 returns the number of bytes needed to store the derived key.
135 returns the size of the derived key in bytes or 0 on error.
138 .Xr EVP_EncryptInit 3 ,
139 .Xr PKCS5_PBKDF2_HMAC 3 ,
143 appeared in SSLeay 0.8.1b or earlier and has been available since