1 .\" $Id: tbl.7,v 1.28 2017/06/28 00:59:57 schwarze Exp $
3 .\" Copyright (c) 2010, 2011 Kristaps Dzonsons <kristaps@bsd.lv>
4 .\" Copyright (c) 2014, 2015, 2017 Ingo Schwarze <schwarze@openbsd.org>
6 .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
7 .\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
8 .\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
10 .\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
11 .\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
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15 .\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
16 .\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
18 .Dd $Mdocdate: June 28 2017 $
23 .Nd tbl language reference for mandoc
27 language formats tables.
33 This manual describes the subset of the
35 language accepted by the
39 Each table is started with a
42 macro, consist of at most one line of
48 lines, and ends with a
51 All input must be 7-bit ASCII.
53 If the first input line of a table ends with a semicolon, it contains
54 case-insensitive options separated by spaces, tabs, or commas.
55 Otherwise, it is interpreted as the first
59 The following options are available.
60 Some of them require arguments enclosed in parentheses:
63 Draw a single-line box around each table cell.
65 Draw a single-line box around the table.
66 For GNU compatibility, this may also be invoked with
69 Center the table instead of left-adjusting it.
70 For GNU compatibility, this may also be invoked with
73 Use the single-character argument as the decimal point with the
76 This is a GNU extension.
78 Use the two characters of the argument as
81 Currently unsupported.
83 Draw a double-line box around the table.
84 For GNU compatibility, this may also be invoked with
87 Increase the width of the table to the current line length.
90 Draw lines with the point size given by the unsigned integer argument.
93 Allow page breaks within the table.
94 This is a GNU extension and currently ignored.
96 Ignore leading and trailing spaces in data cells.
97 This is a GNU extension and currently ignored.
99 Suppress warnings about tables exceeding the current line length.
100 This is a GNU extension and currently ignored.
102 Use the single-character argument as a delimiter between data cells.
103 By default, the horizontal tabulator character is used.
106 The table layout follows an
114 Each layout line specifies how one line of
117 The last layout line ends with a full stop.
118 It also applies to all remaining data lines.
119 Multiple layout lines can be joined by commas on a single physical
122 Each layout line consists of one or more layout cell specifications,
123 optionally separated by whitespace.
124 The following case-insensitive key characters start a new cell
128 Center the string in this cell.
130 Right-justify the string in this cell.
132 Left-justify the string in this cell.
134 Justify a number around its last decimal point.
135 If no decimal point is found in the number,
136 it is assumed to trail the number.
138 Horizontally span columns from the last
141 It is an error if a column span follows a
145 cell, or comes first on a layout line.
146 The combined cell as a whole consumes only one cell
147 of the corresponding data line.
149 Left-justify a string and pad with one space.
151 Vertically span rows from the last
154 It is an error to invoke a vertical span on the first layout line.
155 Unlike a horizontal span, a vertical span consumes a data cell
156 and discards the content.
158 Draw a single horizontal line in this cell.
159 This consumes a data cell and discards the content.
160 It may also be invoked with
163 Draw a double horizontal line in this cell.
164 This consumes a data cell and discards the content.
167 Each cell key may be followed by zero or more of the following
168 case-insensitive modifiers:
171 Use a bold font for the contents of this cell.
173 Move content down to the last row of this vertical span.
176 Make this column wider to match the maximum width
177 of any other column also having the
181 The next character selects the font to use for this cell.
184 manual for supported one-character font names.
186 Use an italic font for the contents of this cell.
188 Specify a cell start macro.
189 This is a GNU extension and currently unsupported.
191 Set the point size to the following unsigned argument,
192 or change it by the following signed argument.
195 Set the vertical line spacing to the following unsigned argument,
196 or change it by the following signed argument.
199 Do not vertically center content in this vertical span,
200 leave it in the top row.
203 Move cell content up by half a table row.
206 Specify a minimum column width.
208 After determining the width of all other columns, distribute the
209 rest of the line length among all columns having the
213 Do not use this cell for determining the width of this column.
215 Draw a single vertical line to the right of this cell.
217 Draw a double vertical line to the right of this cell.
220 If a modifier consists of decimal digits,
221 it specifies a minimum spacing in units of
223 between this column and the next column to the right.
225 If there is a vertical line, it is drawn inside the spacing.
227 The data section follows the last
230 Each data line consists of one or more data cells, delimited by
234 If a data cells contains only the single character
238 a single or double horizontal line is drawn across the cell,
239 joining its neighbours.
240 If a data cells contains only the two character sequence
244 a single or double horizontal line is drawn inside the cell,
245 not joining its neighbours.
246 If a data line contains nothing but the single character
250 a horizontal line across the whole table is inserted
251 without consuming a layout row.
253 In place of any data cell, a text block can be used.
256 at the end of a physical input line.
257 Input line breaks inside the text block
258 neither end the text block nor its data cell.
261 occurs at the beginning of a physical input line and is followed
262 by an end-of-cell indicator.
265 is followed by the end of the physical input line, the text block,
266 the data cell, and the data line ends at this point.
271 character, only the text block and the data cell end,
272 but the data line continues with the data cell following the
277 is followed by any other character, it does not end the text block,
278 which instead continues to the following physical input line.
280 String justification and font selection:
281 .Bd -literal -offset indent
290 .Bd -filled -offset indent
302 to show number alignment and line drawing:
303 .Bd -literal -offset indent
316 .Bd -filled -offset indent
330 Spans and skipping width calculations:
331 .Bd -literal -offset indent
342 .Bd -filled -offset indent
354 Text blocks, specifying spacings and specifying and equalizing
355 column widths, putting lines into individual cells, and overriding
357 .Bd -literal -offset indent
361 The fourth line:_:line 1
362 of this column:=:line 2
365 This text is too wide to fit into a column of width 17.
372 .Bd -filled -offset indent
376 The fourth line:_:line 1
377 of this column:=:line 2
380 This text is too wide to fit into a column of width 17.
388 These examples were constructed to demonstrate many
390 features in a compact way.
391 In real manual pages, keep tables as simple as possible:
392 Like that, they usually look better, are less fragile, and more portable.
404 equations inside tables.
413 .%T Tbl\(emA Program to Format Tables
417 The tbl utility, a preprocessor for troff, was originally written by M.
418 E. Lesk at Bell Labs in 1975.
419 The GNU reimplementation of tbl, part of the groff package, was released
420 in 1990 by James Clark.
421 A standalone tbl implementation was written by Kristaps Dzonsons in
423 This formed the basis of the implementation that is part of the
429 reference was written by
430 .An Kristaps Dzonsons Aq Mt kristaps@bsd.lv
432 .An Ingo Schwarze Aq Mt schwarze@openbsd.org .