loader: updates from review

[unleashed.git] / usr / src / boot / lib / libstand / ext2fs.c

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1999,2000 Jonathan Lemon <jlemon@freebsd.org>
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 */

#include <sys/cdefs.h>
__FBSDID("$FreeBSD$");

/*-
 * Copyright (c) 1993
 *      The Regents of the University of California.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by
 * The Mach Operating System project at Carnegie-Mellon University.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
 *    must display the following acknowledgement:
 *      This product includes software developed by the University of
 *      California, Berkeley and its contributors.
 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
 *    may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
 *    without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
 * SUCH DAMAGE.
 *  
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1990, 1991 Carnegie Mellon University
 * All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Author: David Golub
 * 
 * Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software and its
 * documentation is hereby granted, provided that both the copyright
 * notice and this permission notice appear in all copies of the
 * software, derivative works or modified versions, and any portions
 * thereof, and that both notices appear in supporting documentation.
 * 
 * CARNEGIE MELLON ALLOWS FREE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE IN ITS "AS IS"
 * CONDITION.  CARNEGIE MELLON DISCLAIMS ANY LIABILITY OF ANY KIND FOR
 * ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
 * 
 * Carnegie Mellon requests users of this software to return to
 * 
 *  Software Distribution Coordinator  or  Software.Distribution@CS.CMU.EDU
 *  School of Computer Science
 *  Carnegie Mellon University
 *  Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890
 * 
 * any improvements or extensions that they make and grant Carnegie the
 * rights to redistribute these changes.
 */

#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
#include "stand.h"
#include "string.h"

static int      ext2fs_open(const char *path, struct open_file *f);
static int      ext2fs_close(struct open_file *f);
static int      ext2fs_read(struct open_file *f, void *buf,
                         size_t size, size_t *resid);
static off_t    ext2fs_seek(struct open_file *f, off_t offset, int where);
static int      ext2fs_stat(struct open_file *f, struct stat *sb);
static int      ext2fs_readdir(struct open_file *f, struct dirent *d);

static int dtmap[] = { DT_UNKNOWN, DT_REG, DT_DIR, DT_CHR,
                         DT_BLK, DT_FIFO, DT_SOCK, DT_LNK };
#define EXTFTODT(x)     (x) > sizeof(dtmap) / sizeof(dtmap[0]) ? \
                        DT_UNKNOWN : dtmap[x]

struct fs_ops ext2fs_fsops = {
        "ext2fs",
        ext2fs_open,
        ext2fs_close,
        ext2fs_read,
        null_write,
        ext2fs_seek,
        ext2fs_stat,
        ext2fs_readdir
};

#define EXT2_SBSIZE     1024
#define EXT2_SBLOCK     (1024 / DEV_BSIZE)      /* block offset of superblock */
#define EXT2_MAGIC      0xef53
#define EXT2_ROOTINO    2

#define EXT2_REV0               0       /* original revision of ext2 */
#define EXT2_R0_ISIZE           128     /* inode size */
#define EXT2_R0_FIRSTINO        11      /* first inode */

#define EXT2_MINBSHIFT          10      /* mininum block shift */
#define EXT2_MINFSHIFT          10      /* mininum frag shift */

#define NDADDR          12              /* # of direct blocks */
#define NIADDR          3               /* # of indirect blocks */

/*
 * file system block to disk address
 */
#define fsb_to_db(fs, blk)      ((blk) << (fs)->fs_fsbtodb)

/*
 * inode to block group offset
 * inode to block group
 * inode to disk address
 * inode to block offset
 */
#define ino_to_bgo(fs, ino)     (((ino) - 1) % (fs)->fs_ipg)
#define ino_to_bg(fs, ino)      (((ino) - 1) / (fs)->fs_ipg)
#define ino_to_db(fs, bg, ino) \
        fsb_to_db(fs, ((bg)[ino_to_bg(fs, ino)].bg_inotbl + \
            ino_to_bgo(fs, ino) / (fs)->fs_ipb))
#define ino_to_bo(fs, ino)      (ino_to_bgo(fs, ino) % (fs)->fs_ipb)

#define nindir(fs) \
        ((fs)->fs_bsize / sizeof(u_int32_t))
#define lblkno(fs, loc)                         /* loc / bsize */ \
        ((loc) >> (fs)->fs_bshift)
#define smalllblktosize(fs, blk)                /* blk * bsize */ \
        ((blk) << (fs)->fs_bshift)
#define blkoff(fs, loc)                         /* loc % bsize */ \
        ((loc) & (fs)->fs_bmask)
#define fragroundup(fs, size)                   /* roundup(size, fsize) */ \
        (((size) + (fs)->fs_fmask) & ~(fs)->fs_fmask)
#define dblksize(fs, dip, lbn) \
        (((lbn) >= NDADDR || (dip)->di_size >= smalllblktosize(fs, (lbn) + 1)) \
            ? (fs)->fs_bsize \
            : (fragroundup(fs, blkoff(fs, (dip)->di_size))))

/*
 * superblock describing ext2fs
 */
struct ext2fs_disk {
        u_int32_t       fd_inodes;      /* # of inodes */
        u_int32_t       fd_blocks;      /* # of blocks */
        u_int32_t       fd_resblk;      /* # of reserved blocks */
        u_int32_t       fd_freeblk;     /* # of free blocks */
        u_int32_t       fd_freeino;     /* # of free inodes */
        u_int32_t       fd_firstblk;    /* first data block */
        u_int32_t       fd_bsize;       /* block size */
        u_int32_t       fd_fsize;       /* frag size */
        u_int32_t       fd_bpg;         /* blocks per group */
        u_int32_t       fd_fpg;         /* frags per group */
        u_int32_t       fd_ipg;         /* inodes per group */
        u_int32_t       fd_mtime;       /* mount time */
        u_int32_t       fd_wtime;       /* write time */
        u_int16_t       fd_mount;       /* # of mounts */
        int16_t         fd_maxmount;    /* max # of mounts */
        u_int16_t       fd_magic;       /* magic number */
        u_int16_t       fd_state;       /* state */
        u_int16_t       fd_eflag;       /* error flags */
        u_int16_t       fd_mnrrev;      /* minor revision */
        u_int32_t       fd_lastchk;     /* last check */
        u_int32_t       fd_chkintvl;    /* maximum check interval */
        u_int32_t       fd_os;          /* os */
        u_int32_t       fd_revision;    /* revision */
        u_int16_t       fd_uid;         /* uid for reserved blocks */
        u_int16_t       fd_gid;         /* gid for reserved blocks */

        u_int32_t       fd_firstino;    /* first non-reserved inode */
        u_int16_t       fd_isize;       /* inode size */
        u_int16_t       fd_nblkgrp;     /* block group # of superblock */
        u_int32_t       fd_fcompat;     /* compatible features */
        u_int32_t       fd_fincompat;   /* incompatible features */
        u_int32_t       fd_frocompat;   /* read-only compatibilties */
        u_int8_t        fd_uuid[16];    /* volume uuid */
        char            fd_volname[16]; /* volume name */
        char            fd_fsmnt[64];   /* name last mounted on */
        u_int32_t       fd_bitmap;      /* compression bitmap */

        u_int8_t        fd_nblkpa;      /* # of blocks to preallocate */        
        u_int8_t        fd_ndblkpa;     /* # of dir blocks to preallocate */
};

struct ext2fs_core {
        int             fc_bsize;       /* block size */
        int             fc_bshift;      /* block shift amount */
        int             fc_bmask;       /* block mask */
        int             fc_fsize;       /* frag size */
        int             fc_fshift;      /* frag shift amount */
        int             fc_fmask;       /* frag mask */
        int             fc_isize;       /* inode size */
        int             fc_imask;       /* inode mask */
        int             fc_firstino;    /* first non-reserved inode */
        int             fc_ipb;         /* inodes per block */
        int             fc_fsbtodb;     /* fsb to ds shift */
};

struct ext2fs {
        struct          ext2fs_disk fs_fd;
        char            fs_pad[EXT2_SBSIZE - sizeof(struct ext2fs_disk)];
        struct          ext2fs_core fs_fc;

#define fs_magic        fs_fd.fd_magic
#define fs_revision     fs_fd.fd_revision
#define fs_blocks       fs_fd.fd_blocks
#define fs_firstblk     fs_fd.fd_firstblk
#define fs_bpg          fs_fd.fd_bpg
#define fs_ipg          fs_fd.fd_ipg
            
#define fs_bsize        fs_fc.fc_bsize
#define fs_bshift       fs_fc.fc_bshift
#define fs_bmask        fs_fc.fc_bmask
#define fs_fsize        fs_fc.fc_fsize
#define fs_fshift       fs_fc.fc_fshift
#define fs_fmask        fs_fc.fc_fmask
#define fs_isize        fs_fc.fc_isize
#define fs_imask        fs_fc.fc_imask
#define fs_firstino     fs_fc.fc_firstino
#define fs_ipb          fs_fc.fc_ipb
#define fs_fsbtodb      fs_fc.fc_fsbtodb
};

struct ext2blkgrp {
        u_int32_t       bg_blkmap;      /* block bitmap */
        u_int32_t       bg_inomap;      /* inode bitmap */
        u_int32_t       bg_inotbl;      /* inode table */
        u_int16_t       bg_nfblk;       /* # of free blocks */
        u_int16_t       bg_nfino;       /* # of free inodes */
        u_int16_t       bg_ndirs;       /* # of dirs */
        char            bg_pad[14];
};

struct ext2dinode {
        u_int16_t       di_mode;        /* mode */
        u_int16_t       di_uid;         /* uid */
        u_int32_t       di_size;        /* byte size */
        u_int32_t       di_atime;       /* access time */
        u_int32_t       di_ctime;       /* creation time */
        u_int32_t       di_mtime;       /* modification time */
        u_int32_t       di_dtime;       /* deletion time */
        u_int16_t       di_gid;         /* gid */
        u_int16_t       di_nlink;       /* link count */
        u_int32_t       di_nblk;        /* block count */
        u_int32_t       di_flags;       /* file flags */

        u_int32_t       di_osdep1;      /* os dependent stuff */

        u_int32_t       di_db[NDADDR];  /* direct blocks */
        u_int32_t       di_ib[NIADDR];  /* indirect blocks */
        u_int32_t       di_version;     /* version */
        u_int32_t       di_facl;        /* file acl */
        u_int32_t       di_dacl;        /* dir acl */
        u_int32_t       di_faddr;       /* fragment addr */

        u_int8_t        di_frag;        /* fragment number */
        u_int8_t        di_fsize;       /* fragment size */

        char            di_pad[10];

#define di_shortlink    di_db
};

#define EXT2_MAXNAMLEN       255

struct ext2dirent {
        u_int32_t       d_ino;          /* inode */
        u_int16_t       d_reclen;       /* directory entry length */
        u_int8_t        d_namlen;       /* name length */
        u_int8_t        d_type;         /* file type */
        char            d_name[EXT2_MAXNAMLEN];
};

struct file {
        off_t           f_seekp;                /* seek pointer */
        struct          ext2fs *f_fs;           /* pointer to super-block */
        struct          ext2blkgrp *f_bg;       /* pointer to blkgrp map */
        struct          ext2dinode f_di;        /* copy of on-disk inode */
        int             f_nindir[NIADDR];       /* number of blocks mapped by
                                                   indirect block at level i */
        char            *f_blk[NIADDR];         /* buffer for indirect block
                                                   at level i */
        size_t          f_blksize[NIADDR];      /* size of buffer */
        daddr_t         f_blkno[NIADDR];        /* disk address of block in
                                                   buffer */
        char            *f_buf;                 /* buffer for data block */
        size_t          f_buf_size;             /* size of data block */
        daddr_t         f_buf_blkno;            /* block number of data block */
};

/* forward decls */
static int      read_inode(ino_t inumber, struct open_file *f);
static int      block_map(struct open_file *f, daddr_t file_block,
                    daddr_t *disk_block_p);
static int      buf_read_file(struct open_file *f, char **buf_p,
                    size_t *size_p);
static int      search_directory(char *name, struct open_file *f,
                    ino_t *inumber_p);

/*
 * Open a file.
 */
static int
ext2fs_open(const char *upath, struct open_file *f)
{
        struct file *fp;
        struct ext2fs *fs;
        size_t buf_size;
        ino_t inumber, parent_inumber;
        int i, len, groups, bg_per_blk, blkgrps, mult;
        int nlinks = 0;
        int error = 0;
        char *cp, *ncp, *path = NULL, *buf = NULL;
        char namebuf[MAXPATHLEN+1];
        char c;

        /* allocate file system specific data structure */
        fp = malloc(sizeof(struct file));
        if (fp == NULL)
                return (ENOMEM);
        bzero(fp, sizeof(struct file));
        f->f_fsdata = (void *)fp;

        /* allocate space and read super block */
        fs = (struct ext2fs *)malloc(sizeof(*fs));
        fp->f_fs = fs;
        twiddle(1);
        error = (f->f_dev->dv_strategy)(f->f_devdata, F_READ,
            EXT2_SBLOCK, EXT2_SBSIZE, (char *)fs, &buf_size);
        if (error)
                goto out;

        if (buf_size != EXT2_SBSIZE || fs->fs_magic != EXT2_MAGIC) {
                error = EINVAL;
                goto out;
        }

        /*
         * compute in-core values for the superblock
         */
        fs->fs_bshift = EXT2_MINBSHIFT + fs->fs_fd.fd_bsize;
        fs->fs_bsize = 1 << fs->fs_bshift;
        fs->fs_bmask = fs->fs_bsize - 1;

        fs->fs_fshift = EXT2_MINFSHIFT + fs->fs_fd.fd_fsize;
        fs->fs_fsize = 1 << fs->fs_fshift;
        fs->fs_fmask = fs->fs_fsize - 1;

        if (fs->fs_revision == EXT2_REV0) {
                fs->fs_isize = EXT2_R0_ISIZE;
                fs->fs_firstino = EXT2_R0_FIRSTINO;
        } else {
                fs->fs_isize = fs->fs_fd.fd_isize;
                fs->fs_firstino = fs->fs_fd.fd_firstino;
        }
        fs->fs_imask = fs->fs_isize - 1;
        fs->fs_ipb = fs->fs_bsize / fs->fs_isize;
        fs->fs_fsbtodb = (fs->fs_bsize / DEV_BSIZE) - 1;

        /*
         * we have to load in the "group descriptors" here
         */
        groups = howmany(fs->fs_blocks - fs->fs_firstblk, fs->fs_bpg);
        bg_per_blk = fs->fs_bsize / sizeof(struct ext2blkgrp);
        blkgrps = howmany(groups, bg_per_blk);
        len = blkgrps * fs->fs_bsize;

        fp->f_bg = malloc(len);
        twiddle(1);
        error = (f->f_dev->dv_strategy)(f->f_devdata, F_READ,
            EXT2_SBLOCK + EXT2_SBSIZE / DEV_BSIZE, len,
            (char *)fp->f_bg, &buf_size);
        if (error)
                goto out;

        /*
         * XXX
         * validation of values?  (blocksize, descriptors, etc?)
         */

        /*
         * Calculate indirect block levels.
         */
        mult = 1;
        for (i = 0; i < NIADDR; i++) {
                mult *= nindir(fs);
                fp->f_nindir[i] = mult;
        }

        inumber = EXT2_ROOTINO;
        if ((error = read_inode(inumber, f)) != 0)
                goto out;

        path = strdup(upath);
        if (path == NULL) {
                error = ENOMEM;
                goto out;
        }
        cp = path;
        while (*cp) {
                /*
                 * Remove extra separators
                 */
                while (*cp == '/')
                        cp++;
                if (*cp == '\0')
                        break;

                /*
                 * Check that current node is a directory.
                 */
                if (! S_ISDIR(fp->f_di.di_mode)) {
                        error = ENOTDIR;
                        goto out;
                }

                /*
                 * Get next component of path name.
                 */
                len = 0;

                ncp = cp;
                while ((c = *cp) != '\0' && c != '/') {
                        if (++len > EXT2_MAXNAMLEN) {
                                error = ENOENT;
                                goto out;
                        }
                        cp++;
                }
                *cp = '\0';

                /*
                 * Look up component in current directory.
                 * Save directory inumber in case we find a
                 * symbolic link.
                 */
                parent_inumber = inumber;
                error = search_directory(ncp, f, &inumber);
                *cp = c;
                if (error)
                        goto out;

                /*
                 * Open next component.
                 */
                if ((error = read_inode(inumber, f)) != 0)
                        goto out;

                /*
                 * Check for symbolic link.
                 */
                if (S_ISLNK(fp->f_di.di_mode)) {
                        int link_len = fp->f_di.di_size;
                        int len;

                        len = strlen(cp);
                        if (link_len + len > MAXPATHLEN ||
                            ++nlinks > MAXSYMLINKS) {
                                error = ENOENT;
                                goto out;
                        }

                        bcopy(cp, &namebuf[link_len], len + 1);
                        if (fp->f_di.di_nblk == 0) {
                                bcopy(fp->f_di.di_shortlink,
                                    namebuf, link_len);
                        } else {
                                /*
                                 * Read file for symbolic link
                                 */
                                struct ext2fs *fs = fp->f_fs;
                                daddr_t disk_block;
                                size_t buf_size;

                                if (! buf)
                                        buf = malloc(fs->fs_bsize);
                                error = block_map(f, (daddr_t)0, &disk_block);
                                if (error)
                                        goto out;
                                
                                twiddle(1);
                                error = (f->f_dev->dv_strategy)(f->f_devdata,
                                    F_READ, fsb_to_db(fs, disk_block),
                                    fs->fs_bsize, buf, &buf_size);
                                if (error)
                                        goto out;

                                bcopy((char *)buf, namebuf, link_len);
                        }

                        /*
                         * If relative pathname, restart at parent directory.
                         * If absolute pathname, restart at root.
                         */
                        cp = namebuf;
                        if (*cp != '/')
                                inumber = parent_inumber;
                        else
                                inumber = (ino_t)EXT2_ROOTINO;

                        if ((error = read_inode(inumber, f)) != 0)
                                goto out;
                }
        }

        /*
         * Found terminal component.
         */
        error = 0;
        fp->f_seekp = 0;
out:
        if (buf)
                free(buf);
        if (path)
                free(path);
        if (error) {
                if (fp->f_buf)
                        free(fp->f_buf);
                free(fp->f_fs);
                free(fp);
        }
        return (error);
}

/*
 * Read a new inode into a file structure.
 */
static int
read_inode(ino_t inumber, struct open_file *f)
{
        struct file *fp = (struct file *)f->f_fsdata;
        struct ext2fs *fs = fp->f_fs;
        struct ext2dinode *dp;
        char *buf;
        size_t rsize;
        int level, error = 0;

        /*
         * Read inode and save it.
         */
        buf = malloc(fs->fs_bsize);
        twiddle(1);
        error = (f->f_dev->dv_strategy)(f->f_devdata, F_READ,
            ino_to_db(fs, fp->f_bg, inumber), fs->fs_bsize, buf, &rsize);
        if (error)
                goto out;
        if (rsize != fs->fs_bsize) {
                error = EIO;
                goto out;
        }

        dp = (struct ext2dinode *)buf;
        fp->f_di = dp[ino_to_bo(fs, inumber)];

        /* clear out old buffers */
        for (level = 0; level < NIADDR; level++)
                fp->f_blkno[level] = -1;
        fp->f_buf_blkno = -1;
        fp->f_seekp = 0;

out:
        free(buf);
        return (error);  
}

/*
 * Given an offset in a file, find the disk block number that
 * contains that block.
 */
static int
block_map(struct open_file *f, daddr_t file_block, daddr_t *disk_block_p)
{
        struct file *fp = (struct file *)f->f_fsdata;
        struct ext2fs *fs = fp->f_fs;
        daddr_t ind_block_num;
        int32_t *ind_p;
        int idx, level;
        int error;

        /*
         * Index structure of an inode:
         *
         * di_db[0..NDADDR-1]   hold block numbers for blocks
         *                      0..NDADDR-1
         *
         * di_ib[0]             index block 0 is the single indirect block
         *                      holds block numbers for blocks
         *                      NDADDR .. NDADDR + NINDIR(fs)-1
         *
         * di_ib[1]             index block 1 is the double indirect block
         *                      holds block numbers for INDEX blocks for blocks
         *                      NDADDR + NINDIR(fs) ..
         *                      NDADDR + NINDIR(fs) + NINDIR(fs)**2 - 1
         *
         * di_ib[2]             index block 2 is the triple indirect block
         *                      holds block numbers for double-indirect
         *                      blocks for blocks
         *                      NDADDR + NINDIR(fs) + NINDIR(fs)**2 ..
         *                      NDADDR + NINDIR(fs) + NINDIR(fs)**2
         *                              + NINDIR(fs)**3 - 1
         */

        if (file_block < NDADDR) {
                /* Direct block. */
                *disk_block_p = fp->f_di.di_db[file_block];
                return (0);
        }

        file_block -= NDADDR;

        /*
         * nindir[0] = NINDIR
         * nindir[1] = NINDIR**2
         * nindir[2] = NINDIR**3
         *      etc
         */
        for (level = 0; level < NIADDR; level++) {
                if (file_block < fp->f_nindir[level])
                        break;
                file_block -= fp->f_nindir[level];
        }
        if (level == NIADDR) {
                /* Block number too high */
                return (EFBIG);
        }

        ind_block_num = fp->f_di.di_ib[level];

        for (; level >= 0; level--) {
                if (ind_block_num == 0) {
                        *disk_block_p = 0;      /* missing */
                        return (0);
                }

                if (fp->f_blkno[level] != ind_block_num) {
                        if (fp->f_blk[level] == (char *)0)
                                fp->f_blk[level] =
                                        malloc(fs->fs_bsize);
                        twiddle(1);
                        error = (f->f_dev->dv_strategy)(f->f_devdata, F_READ,
                            fsb_to_db(fp->f_fs, ind_block_num), fs->fs_bsize,
                            fp->f_blk[level], &fp->f_blksize[level]);
                        if (error)
                                return (error);
                        if (fp->f_blksize[level] != fs->fs_bsize)
                                return (EIO);
                        fp->f_blkno[level] = ind_block_num;
                }

                ind_p = (int32_t *)fp->f_blk[level];

                if (level > 0) {
                        idx = file_block / fp->f_nindir[level - 1];
                        file_block %= fp->f_nindir[level - 1];
                } else {
                        idx = file_block;
                }
                ind_block_num = ind_p[idx];
        }

        *disk_block_p = ind_block_num;

        return (0);
}

/*
 * Read a portion of a file into an internal buffer.  Return
 * the location in the buffer and the amount in the buffer.
 */
static int
buf_read_file(struct open_file *f, char **buf_p, size_t *size_p)
{
        struct file *fp = (struct file *)f->f_fsdata;
        struct ext2fs *fs = fp->f_fs;
        long off;
        daddr_t file_block;
        daddr_t disk_block;
        size_t block_size;
        int error = 0;

        off = blkoff(fs, fp->f_seekp);
        file_block = lblkno(fs, fp->f_seekp);
        block_size = dblksize(fs, &fp->f_di, file_block);

        if (file_block != fp->f_buf_blkno) {
                error = block_map(f, file_block, &disk_block);
                if (error)
                        goto done;

                if (fp->f_buf == (char *)0)
                        fp->f_buf = malloc(fs->fs_bsize);

                if (disk_block == 0) {
                        bzero(fp->f_buf, block_size);
                        fp->f_buf_size = block_size;
                } else {
                        twiddle(4);
                        error = (f->f_dev->dv_strategy)(f->f_devdata, F_READ,
                            fsb_to_db(fs, disk_block), block_size,
                            fp->f_buf, &fp->f_buf_size);
                        if (error)
                                goto done;
                }
                fp->f_buf_blkno = file_block;
        }

        /*
         * Return address of byte in buffer corresponding to
         * offset, and size of remainder of buffer after that
         * byte.
         */
        *buf_p = fp->f_buf + off;
        *size_p = block_size - off;

        /*
         * But truncate buffer at end of file.
         */
        if (*size_p > fp->f_di.di_size - fp->f_seekp)
                *size_p = fp->f_di.di_size - fp->f_seekp;
done:
        return (error);
}

/*
 * Search a directory for a name and return its
 * i_number.
 */
static int
search_directory(char *name, struct open_file *f, ino_t *inumber_p)
{
        struct file *fp = (struct file *)f->f_fsdata;
        struct ext2dirent *dp, *edp;
        char *buf;
        size_t buf_size;
        int namlen, length;
        int error;

        length = strlen(name);
        fp->f_seekp = 0;
        while (fp->f_seekp < fp->f_di.di_size) {
                error = buf_read_file(f, &buf, &buf_size);
                if (error)
                        return (error);
                dp = (struct ext2dirent *)buf;
                edp = (struct ext2dirent *)(buf + buf_size);
                while (dp < edp) {
                        if (dp->d_ino == (ino_t)0)
                                goto next;
                        namlen = dp->d_namlen;
                        if (namlen == length &&
                            strncmp(name, dp->d_name, length) == 0) {
                                /* found entry */
                                *inumber_p = dp->d_ino;
                                return (0);
                        }
                next:
                        dp = (struct ext2dirent *)((char *)dp + dp->d_reclen);
                }
                fp->f_seekp += buf_size;
        }
        return (ENOENT);
}

static int
ext2fs_close(struct open_file *f)
{
        struct file *fp = (struct file *)f->f_fsdata;
        int level;

        f->f_fsdata = (void *)0;
        if (fp == (struct file *)0)
                return (0);

        for (level = 0; level < NIADDR; level++) {
                if (fp->f_blk[level])
                        free(fp->f_blk[level]);
        }
        if (fp->f_buf)
                free(fp->f_buf);
        if (fp->f_bg)
                free(fp->f_bg);
        free(fp->f_fs);
        free(fp);
        return (0);
}

static int
ext2fs_read(struct open_file *f, void *addr, size_t size, size_t *resid)
{
        struct file *fp = (struct file *)f->f_fsdata;
        size_t csize, buf_size;
        char *buf;
        int error = 0;

        while (size != 0) {
                if (fp->f_seekp >= fp->f_di.di_size)
                        break;

                error = buf_read_file(f, &buf, &buf_size);
                if (error)
                        break;

                csize = size;
                if (csize > buf_size)
                        csize = buf_size;

                bcopy(buf, addr, csize);

                fp->f_seekp += csize;
                addr = (char *)addr + csize;
                size -= csize;
        }
        if (resid)
                *resid = size;
        return (error);
}

static off_t
ext2fs_seek(struct open_file *f, off_t offset, int where)
{
        struct file *fp = (struct file *)f->f_fsdata;

        switch (where) {
        case SEEK_SET:
                fp->f_seekp = offset;
                break;
        case SEEK_CUR:
                fp->f_seekp += offset;
                break;
        case SEEK_END:
                fp->f_seekp = fp->f_di.di_size - offset;
                break;
        default:
                errno = EINVAL;
                return (-1);
        }
        return (fp->f_seekp);
}

static int
ext2fs_stat(struct open_file *f, struct stat *sb)
{
        struct file *fp = (struct file *)f->f_fsdata;

        /* only important stuff */
        sb->st_mode = fp->f_di.di_mode;
        sb->st_uid = fp->f_di.di_uid;
        sb->st_gid = fp->f_di.di_gid;
        sb->st_size = fp->f_di.di_size;
        return (0);
}

static int
ext2fs_readdir(struct open_file *f, struct dirent *d)
{
        struct file *fp = (struct file *)f->f_fsdata;
        struct ext2dirent *ed;
        char *buf;
        size_t buf_size;
        int error;

        /*
         * assume that a directory entry will not be split across blocks
         */
again:
        if (fp->f_seekp >= fp->f_di.di_size)
                return (ENOENT);
        error = buf_read_file(f, &buf, &buf_size);
        if (error)
                return (error);
        ed = (struct ext2dirent *)buf;
        fp->f_seekp += ed->d_reclen;
        if (ed->d_ino == (ino_t)0)
                goto again;
        d->d_type = EXTFTODT(ed->d_type);
        strncpy(d->d_name, ed->d_name, ed->d_namlen);
        d->d_name[ed->d_namlen] = '\0';
        return (0);
}