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12 .TH WHO 1 "Nov 3, 2000"
13 .SH NAME
14 who \- who is on the system
15 .SH SYNOPSIS
16 .LP
17 .nf
18 \fB/usr/bin/who\fR [\fB-abdHlmpqrstTu\fR] [\fIfile\fR]
19 .fi
21 .LP
22 .nf
23 \fB/usr/bin/who\fR \fB-q\fR [\fB-n\fR \fIx\fR] [\fIfile\fR]
24 .fi
26 .LP
27 .nf
28 \fB/usr/bin/who\fR am i
29 .fi
31 .LP
32 .nf
33 \fB/usr/bin/who\fR am I
34 .fi
36 .LP
37 .nf
38 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/who\fR [\fB-abdHlmpqrtTu\fR] [\fIfile\fR]
39 .fi
41 .LP
42 .nf
43 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/who\fR \fB-q\fR [\fB-n\fR \fIx\fR] [\fIfile\fR]
44 .fi
46 .LP
47 .nf
48 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/who\fR \fB-s\fR [\fB-bdHlmpqrtu\fR] [\fIfile\fR]
49 .fi
51 .LP
52 .nf
53 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/who\fR am i
54 .fi
56 .LP
57 .nf
58 \fB/usr/xpg4/bin/who\fR am I
59 .fi
61 .SH DESCRIPTION
62 .sp
63 .LP
64 The \fBwho\fR utility can list the user's name, terminal line, login time,
65 elapsed time since activity occurred on the line, and the process-ID of the
66 command interpreter (shell) for each current UNIX system user. It examines the
67 \fB/var/adm/utmpx\fR file to obtain its information. If \fIfile\fR is given,
68 that file (which must be in \fButmpx\fR(4) format) is examined. Usually,
69 \fIfile\fR will be \fB/var/adm/wtmpx\fR, which contains a history of all the
70 logins since the file was last created.
71 .sp
72 .LP
73 The general format for output is:
74 .sp
75 .in +2
76 .nf
77 \fIname\fR [\fIstate\fR] \fIline time\fR [\fIidle\fR] [\fIpid\fR] [\fIcomment\fR] [\fIexit\fR]
78 .fi
79 .in -2
80 .sp
82 .sp
83 .LP
84 where:
85 .sp
86 .ne 2
87 .na
88 \fB\fIname\fR \fR
89 .ad
90 .RS 12n
91 User's login name
92 .RE
94 .sp
95 .ne 2
96 .na
97 \fB\fIstate\fR \fR
98 .ad
99 .RS 12n
100 Capability of writing to the terminal
101 .RE
103 .sp
104 .ne 2
105 .na
106 \fB\fIline\fR \fR
107 .ad
108 .RS 12n
109 Name of the line found in \fB/dev\fR
110 .RE
112 .sp
113 .ne 2
114 .na
115 \fB\fItime\fR \fR
116 .ad
117 .RS 12n
118 Time since user's login
119 .RE
121 .sp
122 .ne 2
123 .na
124 \fB\fIidle\fR \fR
125 .ad
126 .RS 12n
127 Time elapsed since the user's last activity
128 .RE
130 .sp
131 .ne 2
132 .na
133 \fB\fIpid\fR \fR
134 .ad
135 .RS 12n
136 User's process id
137 .RE
139 .sp
140 .ne 2
141 .na
142 \fB\fIcomment\fR \fR
143 .ad
144 .RS 12n
145 Comment line in \fBinittab\fR(4)
146 .RE
148 .sp
149 .ne 2
150 .na
151 \fB\fIexit\fR \fR
152 .ad
153 .RS 12n
154 Exit status for dead processes
155 .RE
157 .SH OPTIONS
158 .sp
159 .LP
160 The following options are supported:
161 .sp
162 .ne 2
163 .na
164 \fB\fB-a\fR \fR
165 .ad
166 .RS 9n
167 Processes \fB/var/adm/utmpx\fR or the named \fIfile\fR with \fB-b\fR, \fB-d\fR,
168 \fB-l\fR, \fB-p\fR, \fB-r\fR, \fB-t\fR, \fB-T\fR, and \fB-u\fR options turned
169 on.
170 .RE
172 .sp
173 .ne 2
174 .na
175 \fB\fB-b\fR \fR
176 .ad
177 .RS 9n
178 Indicates the time and date of the last reboot.
179 .RE
181 .sp
182 .ne 2
183 .na
184 \fB\fB-d\fR \fR
185 .ad
186 .RS 9n
187 Displays all processes that have expired and not been respawned by \fBinit\fR.
188 The \fBexit\fR field appears for dead processes and contains the termination
189 and exit values (as returned by \fBwait\fR(3UCB)), of the dead process. This
190 can be useful in determining why a process terminated.
191 .RE
193 .sp
194 .ne 2
195 .na
196 \fB\fB-H\fR \fR
197 .ad
198 .RS 9n
199 Outputs column headings above the regular output.
200 .RE
202 .sp
203 .ne 2
204 .na
205 \fB\fB-l\fR \fR
206 .ad
207 .RS 9n
208 Lists only those lines on which the system is waiting for someone to login. The
209 \fIname\fR field is \fBLOGIN\fR in such cases. Other fields are the same as for
210 user entries except that the \fIstate\fR field does not exist.
211 .RE
213 .sp
214 .ne 2
215 .na
216 \fB\fB-m\fR \fR
217 .ad
218 .RS 9n
219 Outputs only information about the current terminal.
220 .RE
222 .sp
223 .ne 2
224 .na
225 \fB\fB-n\fR \fIx\fR \fR
226 .ad
227 .RS 9n
228 Takes a numeric argument, \fIx\fR, which specifies the number of users to
229 display per line. \fIx\fR must be at least \fB1\fR. The \fB-n\fR option can
230 only be used with \fB-q\fR.
231 .RE
233 .sp
234 .ne 2
235 .na
236 \fB\fB-p\fR \fR
237 .ad
238 .RS 9n
239 Lists any other process that is currently active and has been previously
240 spawned by \fBinit\fR. The \fIname\fR field is the name of the program executed
241 by \fBinit\fR as found in \fB/sbin/inittab\fR. The \fIstate\fR, \fIline\fR, and
242 \fIidle\fR fields have no meaning. The \fIcomment\fR field shows the \fBid\fR
243 field of the line from \fB/sbin/inittab\fR that spawned this process. See
244 \fBinittab\fR(4).
245 .RE
247 .sp
248 .ne 2
249 .na
250 \fB\fB-q\fR \fR
251 .ad
252 .RS 9n
253 (Quick \fBwho\fR) Displays only the names and the number of users currently
254 logged on. When this option is used, all other options are ignored.
255 .RE
257 .sp
258 .ne 2
259 .na
260 \fB\fB-r\fR \fR
261 .ad
262 .RS 9n
263 Indicates the current \fIrun-level\fR of the \fBinit\fR process.
264 .RE
266 .sp
267 .ne 2
268 .na
269 \fB\fB-s\fR \fR
270 .ad
271 .RS 9n
272 (Default) Lists only the \fIname\fR, \fIline\fR, and \fItime\fR fields.
273 .RE
275 .SS "/usr/bin/who"
276 .sp
277 .ne 2
278 .na
279 \fB\fB-T\fR \fR
280 .ad
281 .RS 7n
282 Same as the \fB-s\fR option, except that the \fIstate\fR \fIidle\fR, \fIpid\fR,
283 and \fIcomment\fR, fields are also written. \fIstate\fR is one of the following
284 characters:
285 .sp
286 .ne 2
287 .na
288 \fB\fB+\fR \fR
289 .ad
290 .RS 9n
291 The terminal allows write access to other users.
292 .RE
294 .sp
295 .ne 2
296 .na
297 \fB\fB\(mi\fR \fR
298 .ad
299 .RS 9n
300 The terminal denies write access to other users.
301 .RE
303 .sp
304 .ne 2
305 .na
306 \fB\fB?\fR \fR
307 .ad
308 .RS 9n
309 The terminal write-access state cannot be determined.
310 .RE
312 .RE
314 .SS "/usr/xpg4/bin/who"
315 .sp
316 .ne 2
317 .na
318 \fB\fB-T\fR \fR
319 .ad
320 .RS 7n
321 Same as the \fB-s\fR option, except that the \fIstate\fR field is also written.
322 \fIstate\fR is one of the characters listed under the \fB/usr/bin/who\fR
323 version of this option. If the \fB-u\fR option is used with \fB-T\fR, the idle
324 time is added to the end of the previous format.
325 .RE
327 .sp
328 .ne 2
329 .na
330 \fB\fB-t\fR \fR
331 .ad
332 .RS 7n
333 Indicates the last change to the system clock (using the \fBdate\fR utility) by
334 \fBroot\fR. See \fBsu\fR(1M) and \fBdate\fR(1).
335 .RE
337 .sp
338 .ne 2
339 .na
340 \fB\fB-u\fR \fR
341 .ad
342 .RS 7n
343 Lists only those users who are currently logged in. The \fIname\fR is the
344 user's login name. The \fIline\fR is the name of the line as found in the
345 directory \fB/dev\fR. The \fItime\fR is the time that the user logged in. The
346 \fIidle\fR column contains the number of hours and minutes since activity last
347 occurred on that particular line. A dot (\fB\&.\fR) indicates that the terminal
348 has seen activity in the last minute and is therefore ``current.'' If more than
349 twenty-four hours have elapsed or the line has not been used since boot time,
350 the entry is marked \fBold\fR. This field is useful when trying to determine
351 whether a person is working at the terminal or not. The \fIpid\fR is the
352 process-ID of the user's shell. The \fIcomment\fR is the comment field
353 associated with this line as found in \fB/sbin/inittab\fR (see
354 \fBinittab\fR(4)). This can contain information about where the terminal is
355 located, the telephone number of the dataset, type of terminal if hard-wired,
356 and so forth.
357 .RE
359 .SH OPERANDS
360 .sp
361 .LP
362 The following operands are supported:
363 .sp
364 .ne 2
365 .na
366 \fB\fBam\fR \fBi\fR \fR
367 .ad
368 .br
369 .na
370 \fB\fBam\fR \fBI\fR \fR
371 .ad
372 .RS 9n
373 In the "C" locale, limits the output to describing the invoking user,
374 equivalent to the \fB-m\fR option. The \fBam\fR and \fBi\fR or \fBI\fR must be
375 separate arguments.
376 .RE
378 .sp
379 .ne 2
380 .na
381 \fB\fIfile\fR \fR
382 .ad
383 .RS 9n
384 Specifies a path name of a file to substitute for the database of logged-on
385 users that \fBwho\fR uses by default.
386 .RE
388 .SH ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
389 .sp
390 .LP
391 See \fBenviron\fR(5) for descriptions of the following environment variables
392 that affect the execution of \fBwho\fR: \fBLANG\fR, \fBLC_ALL\fR,
393 \fBLC_CTYPE\fR, \fBLC_MESSAGES\fR, \fBLC_TIME\fR, and \fBNLSPATH\fR.
394 .SH EXIT STATUS
395 .sp
396 .LP
397 The following exit values are returned:
398 .sp
399 .ne 2
400 .na
401 \fB\fB0\fR \fR
402 .ad
403 .RS 7n
404 Successful completion.
405 .RE
407 .sp
408 .ne 2
409 .na
410 \fB\fB>0\fR \fR
411 .ad
412 .RS 7n
413 An error occurred.
414 .RE
416 .SH FILES
417 .sp
418 .ne 2
419 .na
420 \fB\fB/sbin/inittab\fR \fR
421 .ad
422 .RS 19n
423 Script for \fBinit\fR
424 .RE
426 .sp
427 .ne 2
428 .na
429 \fB\fB/var/adm/utmpx\fR \fR
430 .ad
431 .RS 19n
432 Current user and accounting information
433 .RE
435 .sp
436 .ne 2
437 .na
438 \fB\fB/var/adm/wtmpx\fR \fR
439 .ad
440 .RS 19n
441 Historic user and accounting information
442 .RE
444 .SH ATTRIBUTES
445 .sp
446 .LP
447 See \fBattributes\fR(5) for descriptions of the following attributes:
448 .SS "/usr/xpg4/bin/who"
449 .sp
451 .sp
452 .TS
453 box;
454 c | c
455 l | l .
456 ATTRIBUTE TYPE ATTRIBUTE VALUE
457 _
458 Interface Stability Standard
459 .TE
461 .SH SEE ALSO
462 .sp
463 .LP
464 \fBdate\fR(1), \fBlogin\fR(1), \fBmesg\fR(1), \fBinit\fR(1M), \fBsu\fR(1M),
465 \fBwait\fR(3UCB), \fBinittab\fR(4), \fButmpx\fR(4), \fBattributes\fR(5),
466 \fBenviron\fR(5), \fBstandards\fR(5)
467 .SH NOTES
468 .sp
469 .LP
470 \fBSuperuser:\fR After a shutdown to the single-user state, \fBwho\fR returns a
471 prompt. Since \fB/var/adm/utmpx\fR is updated at login time and there is no
472 login in single-user state, \fBwho\fR cannot report accurately on this state.
473 The command, \fBwho\fR \fBam i\fR, however, returns the correct information.