1 .TH WHOIS 1 "Oct 2, 2009"
4 \- Internet domain name and network number directory service
9 [\fB\-c\fP \fIcountry-code\fP | \fIFl\fP h \fIhost\fP]
10 [\fB\-p\fP \fIport\fP]
15 utility looks up records in the databases maintained by several
16 Network Information Centers (NICs).
18 The options are as follows:
21 Use the American Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN) database.
22 It contains network numbers used in those parts of the world covered neither by
23 APNIC, AfriNIC, LACNIC, nor by RIPE.
25 (Hint: All point of contact handles in the ARIN whois database end with -ARIN.)
29 Use the Asia/Pacific Network Information Center (APNIC) database.
30 It contains network numbers used in East Asia, Australia,
31 New Zealand, and the Pacific islands.
34 Use the Network Abuse Clearinghouse database.
35 It contains addresses to which network abuse should be reported,
36 indexed by domain name.
38 \fB\-c\fP \fIcountry-code\fP
39 This is the equivalent of using the
41 option with an argument of \fIcountry-code\fP.whois-servers.net.
44 Use the African Network Information Centre (AfriNIC) database.
45 It contains network numbers used in Africa and the islands of the
49 Use the US non-military federal government database, which contains points of
50 contact for subdomains of
54 Use the specified host instead of the default variant.
55 Either a host name or an IP address may be specified.
59 constructs the name of a whois server to use from the top-level domain (TLD)
60 of the supplied (single) argument, and appending .whois-servers.net .
61 This effectively allows a suitable whois server to be selected
62 automatically for a large number of TLDs.
64 In the event that an IP
65 address is specified, the whois server will default to the American
66 Registry for Internet Numbers (ARIN).
67 If a query to ARIN references APNIC, AfriNIC, LACNIC, or RIPE,
68 that server will be queried also, provided that the
70 option is not specified.
72 If the query is not a domain name or IP address,
75 \fIwhois.crsnic.net\fP.
78 Use the Network Solutions Registry for Internet Numbers
79 (\fIwhois.networksolutions.com\fP)
81 It contains network numbers and domain contact information for most of
82 \fI\&.COM\fP,.NET,.ORG
88 The registration of these domains is now done by a number of
89 independent and competing registrars and this database holds no information
90 on the domains registered by organizations other than Network Solutions, Inc.
91 Also, note that the InterNIC database
92 (\fIwhois.internic.net\fP)
93 is no longer handled by Network Solutions, Inc.
95 \fIhttp://www.internic.net/\fP.
97 (Hint: Contact information, identified by the term
99 can be looked up by prefixing "handle" to the NIC
100 handle in the query.)
103 Use the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) database.
104 It contains network information for top-level domains.
107 Use the National Internet Development Agency of Korea's (KRNIC)
109 It contains network numbers and domain contact information
113 Use the Latin American and Caribbean IP address Regional Registry
116 It contains network numbers used in much of Latin America and the
120 Use the Route Arbiter Database (RADB) database.
121 It contains route policy specifications for a large
122 number of operators' networks.
125 Connect to the whois server on
127 If this option is not specified,
135 will not attempt to lookup the name in the authoritative whois
136 server (if one is listed).
137 This option has no effect when combined with any other options.
140 Use the R\(aaeseaux IP Europ\(aaeens (RIPE) database.
141 It contains network numbers and domain contact information
144 The operands specified to
146 are treated independently and may be used
147 as queries on different whois servers.
149 The \fBwhois\fP utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.
151 Most types of data, such as domain names and IP addresses, can be used as
154 without any options, and
156 will choose the correct whois server to query.
157 Some exceptions, where
159 will not be able to handle data correctly, are detailed below.
161 To obtain contact information about an
162 administrator located in the Russian TLD domain RU,
165 option as shown in the following example, where
167 is substituted with the actual contact identifier.
169 whois -c RU CONTACT-ID
171 (Note: This example is specific to the TLD RU,
172 but other TLDs can be queried by using a similar syntax.)
174 The following example demonstrates how to query
175 a whois server using a non-standard port, where
177 is the query to be sent to
178 ``whois.example.com''
181 (written numerically as 4321).
183 whois -h whois.example.com -p rwhois query-data
186 Vic White and Ken Harrenstien, \fINICNAME/WHOIS\fP, 1 March 1982, RFC 812.