1 Tor's extensions to the SOCKS protocol
5 The SOCKS protocol provides a generic interface for TCP proxies. Client
6 software connects to a SOCKS server via TCP, and requests a TCP connection
7 to another address and port. The SOCKS server establishes the connection,
8 and reports success or failure to the client. After the connection has
9 been established, the client application uses the TCP stream as usual.
11 Tor supports SOCKS4 as defined in [1], SOCKS4A as defined in [2], and
12 SOCKS5 as defined in [3].
14 The stickiest issue for Tor in supporting clients, in practice, is forcing
15 DNS lookups to occur at the OR side: if clients do their own DNS lookup,
16 the DNS server can learn which addresses the client wants to reach.
17 SOCKS4 supports addressing by IPv4 address; SOCKS4A is a kludge on top of
18 SOCKS4 to allow addressing by hostname; SOCKS5 supports IPv4, IPv6, and
21 1.1. Extent of support
23 Tor supports the SOCKS4, SOCKS4A, and SOCKS5 standards, except as follows:
26 - The BIND command is not supported.
29 - SOCKS4 usernames are ignored.
32 - The (SOCKS5) "UDP ASSOCIATE" command is not supported.
33 - IPv6 is not supported in CONNECT commands.
34 - The "NO AUTHENTICATION REQUIRED" (SOCKS5) authentication method [00] is
35 supported; and as of Tor 0.2.3.2-alpha, the "USERNAME/PASSWORD" (SOCKS5)
36 authentication method [02] is supported too. Any credentials passed to
37 the latter are ignored. As an extension to support some broken clients,
38 we allow clients to pass "USERNAME/PASSWORD" authentication to us even if
39 no authentication was selected.
43 As an extension to SOCKS4A and SOCKS5, Tor implements a new command value,
44 "RESOLVE" [F0]. When Tor receives a "RESOLVE" SOCKS command, it initiates
45 a remote lookup of the hostname provided as the target address in the SOCKS
46 request. The reply is either an error (if the address couldn't be
47 resolved) or a success response. In the case of success, the address is
48 stored in the portion of the SOCKS response reserved for remote IP address.
50 (We support RESOLVE in SOCKS4 too, even though it is unnecessary.)
52 For SOCKS5 only, we support reverse resolution with a new command value,
53 "RESOLVE_PTR" [F1]. In response to a "RESOLVE_PTR" SOCKS5 command with
54 an IPv4 address as its target, Tor attempts to find the canonical
55 hostname for that IPv4 record, and returns it in the "server bound
56 address" portion of the reply.
57 (This command was not supported before Tor 0.1.2.2-alpha.)
59 3. Other command extensions.
61 Tor 0.1.2.4-alpha added a new command value: "CONNECT_DIR" [F2].
62 In this case, Tor will open an encrypted direct TCP connection to the
63 directory port of the Tor server specified by address:port (the port
64 specified should be the ORPort of the server). It uses a one-hop tunnel
65 and a "BEGIN_DIR" relay cell to accomplish this secure connection.
67 The F2 command value was removed in Tor 0.2.0.10-alpha in favor of a
68 new use_begindir flag in edge_connection_t.
72 Tor checks the first byte of each SOCKS request to see whether it looks
73 more like an HTTP request (that is, it starts with a "G", "H", or "P"). If
74 so, Tor returns a small webpage, telling the user that his/her browser is
75 misconfigured. This is helpful for the many users who mistakenly try to
76 use Tor as an HTTP proxy instead of a SOCKS proxy.
80 Tor allows SOCKS clients to send connection data before Tor has sent a
81 SOCKS response. When using an exit node that supports "optimistic data",
82 Tor will send such data to the server without waiting to see whether the
83 connection attempt succeeds. This behavior can save a single round-trip
84 time when starting connections with a protocol where the client speaks
85 first (like HTTP). Clients that do this must be ready to hear that
86 their connection has succeeded or failed _after_ they have sent the
92 [1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCKS#SOCKS4
93 [2] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOCKS#SOCKS4a