1 Filename: 129-reject-plaintext-ports.txt
2 Title: Block Insecure Protocols by Default
5 Author: Kevin Bauer & Damon McCoy
11 Below is a proposal to mitigate insecure protocol use over Tor.
13 This document 1) demonstrates the extent to which insecure protocols are
14 currently used within the Tor network, and 2) proposes a simple solution
15 to prevent users from unknowingly using these insecure protocols. By
16 insecure, we consider protocols that explicitly leak sensitive user names
17 and/or passwords, such as POP, IMAP, Telnet, and FTP.
21 As part of a general study of Tor use in 2006/2007 [1], we attempted to
22 understand what types of protocols are used over Tor. While we observed a
23 enormous volume of Web and Peer-to-peer traffic, we were surprised by the
24 number of insecure protocols that were used over Tor. For example, over an
25 8 day observation period, we observed the following number of connections
26 over insecure protocols:
28 POP and IMAP:10,326 connections
29 Telnet: 8,401 connections
30 FTP: 3,788 connections
32 Each of the above listed protocols exchange user name and password
33 information in plain-text. As an upper bound, we could have observed
34 22,515 user names and passwords. This observation echos the reports of
35 a Tor router logging and posting e-mail passwords in August 2007 [2]. The
36 response from the Tor community has been to further educate users
37 about the dangers of using insecure protocols over Tor. However, we
38 recently repeated our Tor usage study from last year and noticed that the
39 trend in insecure protocol use has not declined. Therefore, we propose that
40 additional steps be taken to protect naive Tor users from inadvertently
41 exposing their identities (and even passwords) over Tor.
43 Security Implications:
45 This proposal is intended to improve Tor's security by limiting the
46 use of insecure protocols.
48 Roger added: By adding these warnings for only some of the risky
49 behavior, users may do other risky behavior, not get a warning, and
50 believe that it is therefore safe. But overall, I think it's better
51 to warn for some of it than to warn for none of it.
55 As an initial step towards mitigating the use of the above-mentioned
56 insecure protocols, we propose that the default ports for each respective
57 insecure service be blocked at the Tor client's socks proxy. These default
65 Notice that FTP is not included in the proposed list of ports to block. This
66 is because FTP is often used anonymously, i.e., without any identifying
67 user name or password.
69 This blocking scheme can be implemented as a set of flags in the client's
70 torrc configuration file:
72 BlockInsecureProtocols 0|1
73 WarnInsecureProtocols 0|1
75 When the warning flag is activated, a message should be displayed to
76 the user similar to the message given when Tor's socks proxy is given an IP
77 address rather than resolving a host name.
79 We recommend that the default torrc configuration file block insecure
80 protocols and provide a warning to the user to explain the behavior.
82 Finally, there are many popular web pages that do not offer secure
83 login features, such as MySpace, and it would be prudent to provide
84 additional rules to Privoxy to attempt to protect users from unknowingly
85 submitting their login credentials in plain-text.
89 None, as the proposed changes are to be implemented in the client.
93 [1] Shining Light in Dark Places: A Study of Anonymous Network Usage.
94 University of Colorado Technical Report CU-CS-1032-07. August 2007.
96 [2] Rogue Nodes Turn Tor Anonymizer Into Eavesdropper's Paradise.
97 http://www.wired.com/politics/security/news/2007/09/embassy_hacks.
98 Wired. September 10, 2007.
102 Roger added this feature in
103 http://archives.seul.org/or/cvs/Jan-2008/msg00182.html
104 He also added a status event for Vidalia to recognize attempts to use
105 vulnerable-plaintext ports, so it can help the user understand what's
106 going on and how to fix it.
110 a) Vidalia should learn to recognize this controller status event,
111 so we don't leave users out in the cold when we enable this feature.
113 b) We should decide which ports to reject by default. The current
114 consensus is 23,109,110,143 -- the same set that we warn for now.