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21 <h1 align=
"center">ICONV
</h1>
23 <a href=
"#NAME">NAME
</a><br>
24 <a href=
"#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS
</a><br>
25 <a href=
"#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION
</a><br>
26 <a href=
"#EXAMPLES">EXAMPLES
</a><br>
27 <a href=
"#CONFORMING TO">CONFORMING TO
</a><br>
28 <a href=
"#SEE ALSO">SEE ALSO
</a><br>
38 <p style=
"margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">iconv
−
39 character set conversion
</p>
42 <a name=
"SYNOPSIS"></a>
46 <p style=
"margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">iconv
47 [
<i>OPTION
</i>...] [
<b>−f
</b> <i>encoding
</i>]
48 [
<b>−t
</b> <i>encoding
</i>] [
<i>inputfile
</i> ...]
50 iconv
<b>−l
</b></p>
53 <a name=
"DESCRIPTION"></a>
57 <p style=
"margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The
58 <b>iconv
</b> program converts text from one encoding to
59 another encoding. More precisely, it converts
<b>from
</b>
60 the encoding given for the
<b>−f
</b> option
<b>to
</b>
61 the encoding given for the
<b>−t
</b> option. Either of
62 these encodings defaults to the encoding of the current
63 locale. All the
<i>inputfile
</i>s are read and converted in
64 turn; if no
<i>inputfile
</i> is given, the standard input is
65 used. The converted text is printed to standard output.
</p>
67 <p style=
"margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The encodings
68 permitted are system dependent. For the libiconv
69 implementation, they are listed in the iconv_open(
3) manual
72 <p style=
"margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Options
73 controlling the input and output format:
<b><br>
74 −f
</b> <i>encoding
</i>,
75 <b>−−from
−code=
</b><i>encoding
</i></p>
77 <p style=
"margin-left:22%;">Specifies the encoding of the
80 <p style=
"margin-left:11%;"><b>−t
</b>
82 <b>−−to
−code=
</b><i>encoding
</i></p>
84 <p style=
"margin-left:22%;">Specifies the encoding of the
87 <p style=
"margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Options
88 controlling conversion problems:
</p>
90 <table width=
"100%" border=
"0" rules=
"none" frame=
"void"
91 cellspacing=
"0" cellpadding=
"0">
92 <tr valign=
"top" align=
"left">
97 <p><b>−c
</b></p></td>
102 <p>When this option is given, characters that cannot be
103 converted are silently discarded, instead of leading to a
104 conversion error.
</p></td></tr>
108 <p style=
"margin-left:11%;"><b>−−unicode
−subst=
</b><i>formatstring
</i></p>
110 <p style=
"margin-left:22%;">When this option is given,
111 Unicode characters that cannot be represented in the target
112 encoding are replaced with a placeholder string that is
113 constructed from the given
<i>formatstring
</i>, applied to
114 the Unicode code point. The
<i>formatstring
</i> must be a
115 format string in the same format as for the
<i>printf
</i>
116 command or the
<i>printf()
</i> function, taking either no
117 argument or exactly one unsigned integer argument.
</p>
120 <p style=
"margin-left:11%;"><b>−−byte
−subst=
</b><i>formatstring
</i></p>
122 <p style=
"margin-left:22%;">When this option is given,
123 bytes in the input that are not valid in the source encoding
124 are replaced with a placeholder string that is constructed
125 from the given
<i>formatstring
</i>, applied to the
126 byte
’s value. The
<i>formatstring
</i> must be a format
127 string in the same format as for the
<i>printf
</i> command
128 or the
<i>printf()
</i> function, taking either no argument
129 or exactly one unsigned integer argument.
</p>
132 <p style=
"margin-left:11%;"><b>−−widechar
−subst=
</b><i>formatstring
</i></p>
134 <p style=
"margin-left:22%;">When this option is given, wide
135 characters in the input that are not valid in the source
136 encoding are replaced with a placeholder string that is
137 constructed from the given
<i>formatstring
</i>, applied to
138 the byte
’s value. The
<i>formatstring
</i> must be a
139 format string in the same format as for the
<i>printf
</i>
140 command or the
<i>printf()
</i> function, taking either no
141 argument or exactly one unsigned integer argument.
</p>
143 <p style=
"margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">Options
144 controlling error output:
<b><br>
145 −s
</b>,
<b>−−silent
</b></p>
147 <p style=
"margin-left:22%;">When this option is given,
148 error messages about invalid or unconvertible characters are
149 omitted, but the actual converted text is unaffected.
</p>
151 <p style=
"margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">The
<b>iconv
152 −l
</b> or
<b>iconv
−−list
</b> command
153 lists the names of the supported encodings, in a system
154 dependent format. For the libiconv implementation, the names
155 are printed in upper case, separated by whitespace, and
156 alias names of an encoding are listed on the same line as
157 the encoding itself.
</p>
160 <a name=
"EXAMPLES"></a>
164 <p style=
"margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>iconv
165 −f ISO
−8859−1 −t UTF
−8</b></p>
167 <p style=
"margin-left:22%;">converts input from the old
168 West-European encoding ISO
−8859−1 to
171 <p style=
"margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>iconv
172 −f KOI8
−R
173 −−byte
−subst=
"<0x%x
>" <br>
175 −−unicode
−subst=
"<U+%
04X
>"</b></p>
177 <p style=
"margin-left:22%;">converts input from the old
178 Russian encoding KOI8
−R to the locale encoding,
179 substituting an angle bracket notation with hexadecimal
180 numbers for invalid bytes and for valid but unconvertible
183 <p style=
"margin-left:11%;"><b>iconv
184 −−list
</b></p>
186 <p style=
"margin-left:22%;">lists the supported
190 <a name=
"CONFORMING TO"></a>
194 <p style=
"margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em">POSIX:
2001</p>
197 <a name=
"SEE ALSO"></a>
202 <p style=
"margin-left:11%; margin-top: 1em"><b>iconv_open
</b>(
3),
