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129 .\" ========================================================================
132 .TH GPL 7 "2010-08-01" "gcc-4.2.4" "GNU"
134 gpl \- GNU General Public License
136 .IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
137 .Sh "\s-1GNU\s0 General Public License"
138 .IX Subsection "GNU General Public License"
139 .Sh "Version 3, 29 June 2007"
140 .IX Subsection "Version 3, 29 June 2007"
142 \& Copyright (c) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>
146 \& Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this
147 \& license document, but changing it is not allowed.
150 .IX Subsection "Preamble"
151 The \s-1GNU\s0 General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
152 software and other kinds of works.
154 The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
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157 to share and change all versions of a program\*(--to make sure it remains
158 free software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation,
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213 .Sh "\s-1TERMS\s0 \s-1AND\s0 \s-1CONDITIONS\s0"
214 .IX Subsection "TERMS AND CONDITIONS"
215 .IP "0. Definitions." 4
216 .IX Item "0. Definitions."
217 \&\*(L"This License\*(R" refers to version 3 of the \s-1GNU\s0 General Public License.
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234 To \*(L"propagate\*(R" a work means to do anything with it that, without
235 permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for
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254 .IP "1. Source Code." 4
255 .IX Item "1. Source Code."
256 The \*(L"source code\*(R" for a work means the preferred form of the work for
257 making modifications to it. \*(L"Object code\*(R" means any non-source form
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294 .IP "2. Basic Permissions." 4
295 .IX Item "2. Basic Permissions."
296 All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of
297 copyright on the Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated
298 conditions are met. This License explicitly affirms your unlimited
299 permission to run the unmodified Program. The output from running a
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318 .IP "3. Protecting Users' Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law." 4
319 .IX Item "3. Protecting Users' Legal Rights From Anti-Circumvention Law."
320 No covered work shall be deemed part of an effective technological
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323 similar laws prohibiting or restricting circumvention of such
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333 .IP "4. Conveying Verbatim Copies." 4
334 .IX Item "4. Conveying Verbatim Copies."
335 You may convey verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you
336 receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and
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344 and you may offer support or warranty protection for a fee.
345 .IP "5. Conveying Modified Source Versions." 4
346 .IX Item "5. Conveying Modified Source Versions."
347 You may convey a work based on the Program, or the modifications to
348 produce it from the Program, in the form of source code under the
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353 The work must carry prominent notices stating that you modified it,
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386 .IP "6. Conveying Non-Source Forms." 4
387 .IX Item "6. Conveying Non-Source Forms."
388 You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms of
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397 used for software interchange.
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429 Convey the object code using peer-to-peer transmission, provided you
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440 A \*(L"User Product\*(R" is either (1) a \*(L"consumer product\*(R", which means any
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483 in accord with this section must be in a format that is publicly
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485 source code form), and must require no special password or key for
486 unpacking, reading or copying.
488 .IP "7. Additional Terms." 4
489 .IX Item "7. Additional Terms."
490 \&\*(L"Additional permissions\*(R" are terms that supplement the terms of this
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492 Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall
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494 that they are valid under applicable law. If additional permissions
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499 When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option
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551 Additional terms, permissive or non\-permissive, may be stated in the
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553 above requirements apply either way.
555 .IP "8. Termination." 4
556 .IX Item "8. Termination."
557 You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly
558 provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to propagate or
559 modify it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under
560 this License (including any patent licenses granted under the third
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563 However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license
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570 Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
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577 Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
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581 material under section 10.
582 .IP "9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies." 4
583 .IX Item "9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies."
584 You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or run
585 a copy of the Program. Ancillary propagation of a covered work
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587 to receive a copy likewise does not require acceptance. However,
588 nothing other than this License grants you permission to propagate or
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592 .IP "10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients." 4
593 .IX Item "10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients."
594 Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically
595 receives a license from the original licensors, to run, modify and
596 propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not responsible
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609 You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the
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613 (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that
614 any patent claim is infringed by making, using, selling, offering for
615 sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.
617 .IX Item "11. Patents."
618 A \*(L"contributor\*(R" is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this
619 License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The
620 work thus licensed is called the contributor's \*(L"contributor version\*(R".
622 A contributor's \*(L"essential patent claims\*(R" are all patent claims owned
623 or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or
624 hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted
625 by this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version,
626 but do not include claims that would be infringed only as a
627 consequence of further modification of the contributor version. For
628 purposes of this definition, \*(L"control\*(R" includes the right to grant
629 patent sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of
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637 In the following three paragraphs, a \*(L"patent license\*(R" is any express
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642 patent against the party.
644 If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license,
645 and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone
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649 available, or (2) arrange to deprive yourself of the benefit of the
650 patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner
651 consistent with the requirements of this License, to extend the patent
652 license to downstream recipients. \*(L"Knowingly relying\*(R" means you have
653 actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the
654 covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work
655 in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that
656 country that you have reason to believe are valid.
658 If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or
659 arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a
660 covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties
661 receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify
662 or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license
663 you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered
664 work and works based on it.
666 A patent license is \*(L"discriminatory\*(R" if it does not include within the
667 scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is conditioned on
668 the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are specifically
669 granted under this License. You may not convey a covered work if you
670 are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is in the
671 business of distributing software, under which you make payment to the
672 third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying the
673 work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the parties
674 who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory patent
675 license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work conveyed by
676 you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily for and in
677 connection with specific products or compilations that contain the
678 covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement, or that patent
679 license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
681 Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
682 any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
683 otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
684 .IP "12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom." 4
685 .IX Item "12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom."
686 If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
687 otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
688 excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey
689 a covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under
690 this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a
691 consequence you may not convey it at all. For example, if you agree
692 to terms that obligate you to collect a royalty for further conveying
693 from those to whom you convey the Program, the only way you could
694 satisfy both those terms and this License would be to refrain entirely
695 from conveying the Program.
696 .IP "13. Use with the \s-1GNU\s0 Affero General Public License." 4
697 .IX Item "13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License."
698 Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
699 permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
700 under version 3 of the \s-1GNU\s0 Affero General Public License into a single
701 combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this
702 License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
703 but the special requirements of the \s-1GNU\s0 Affero General Public License,
704 section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
706 .IP "14. Revised Versions of this License." 4
707 .IX Item "14. Revised Versions of this License."
708 The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
709 of the \s-1GNU\s0 General Public License from time to time. Such new
710 versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may
711 differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
713 Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program
714 specifies that a certain numbered version of the \s-1GNU\s0 General Public
715 License \*(L"or any later version\*(R" applies to it, you have the option of
716 following the terms and conditions either of that numbered version or
717 of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If
718 the Program does not specify a version number of the \s-1GNU\s0 General
719 Public License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free
722 If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions
723 of the \s-1GNU\s0 General Public License can be used, that proxy's public
724 statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you to
725 choose that version for the Program.
727 Later license versions may give you additional or different
728 permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
729 author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
731 .IP "15. Disclaimer of Warranty." 4
732 .IX Item "15. Disclaimer of Warranty."
733 \&\s-1THERE\s0 \s-1IS\s0 \s-1NO\s0 \s-1WARRANTY\s0 \s-1FOR\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0, \s-1TO\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1EXTENT\s0 \s-1PERMITTED\s0 \s-1BY\s0
734 \&\s-1APPLICABLE\s0 \s-1LAW\s0. \s-1EXCEPT\s0 \s-1WHEN\s0 \s-1OTHERWISE\s0 \s-1STATED\s0 \s-1IN\s0 \s-1WRITING\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1COPYRIGHT\s0
735 \&\s-1HOLDERS\s0 \s-1AND/OR\s0 \s-1OTHER\s0 \s-1PARTIES\s0 \s-1PROVIDE\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0 \*(L"\s-1AS\s0 \s-1IS\s0\*(R" \s-1WITHOUT\s0
736 \&\s-1WARRANTY\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1ANY\s0 \s-1KIND\s0, \s-1EITHER\s0 \s-1EXPRESSED\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1IMPLIED\s0, \s-1INCLUDING\s0, \s-1BUT\s0 \s-1NOT\s0
737 \&\s-1LIMITED\s0 \s-1TO\s0, \s-1THE\s0 \s-1IMPLIED\s0 \s-1WARRANTIES\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1MERCHANTABILITY\s0 \s-1AND\s0 \s-1FITNESS\s0 \s-1FOR\s0
738 A \s-1PARTICULAR\s0 \s-1PURPOSE\s0. \s-1THE\s0 \s-1ENTIRE\s0 \s-1RISK\s0 \s-1AS\s0 \s-1TO\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1QUALITY\s0 \s-1AND\s0
739 \&\s-1PERFORMANCE\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0 \s-1IS\s0 \s-1WITH\s0 \s-1YOU\s0. \s-1SHOULD\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0 \s-1PROVE\s0
740 \&\s-1DEFECTIVE\s0, \s-1YOU\s0 \s-1ASSUME\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1COST\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1ALL\s0 \s-1NECESSARY\s0 \s-1SERVICING\s0, \s-1REPAIR\s0 \s-1OR\s0
742 .IP "16. Limitation of Liability." 4
743 .IX Item "16. Limitation of Liability."
744 \&\s-1IN\s0 \s-1NO\s0 \s-1EVENT\s0 \s-1UNLESS\s0 \s-1REQUIRED\s0 \s-1BY\s0 \s-1APPLICABLE\s0 \s-1LAW\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1AGREED\s0 \s-1TO\s0 \s-1IN\s0 \s-1WRITING\s0
745 \&\s-1WILL\s0 \s-1ANY\s0 \s-1COPYRIGHT\s0 \s-1HOLDER\s0, \s-1OR\s0 \s-1ANY\s0 \s-1OTHER\s0 \s-1PARTY\s0 \s-1WHO\s0 \s-1MODIFIES\s0 \s-1AND/OR\s0
746 \&\s-1CONVEYS\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0 \s-1AS\s0 \s-1PERMITTED\s0 \s-1ABOVE\s0, \s-1BE\s0 \s-1LIABLE\s0 \s-1TO\s0 \s-1YOU\s0 \s-1FOR\s0 \s-1DAMAGES\s0,
747 \&\s-1INCLUDING\s0 \s-1ANY\s0 \s-1GENERAL\s0, \s-1SPECIAL\s0, \s-1INCIDENTAL\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1CONSEQUENTIAL\s0 \s-1DAMAGES\s0
748 \&\s-1ARISING\s0 \s-1OUT\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1USE\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1INABILITY\s0 \s-1TO\s0 \s-1USE\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0 (\s-1INCLUDING\s0 \s-1BUT\s0
749 \&\s-1NOT\s0 \s-1LIMITED\s0 \s-1TO\s0 \s-1LOSS\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1DATA\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1DATA\s0 \s-1BEING\s0 \s-1RENDERED\s0 \s-1INACCURATE\s0 \s-1OR\s0
750 \&\s-1LOSSES\s0 \s-1SUSTAINED\s0 \s-1BY\s0 \s-1YOU\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1THIRD\s0 \s-1PARTIES\s0 \s-1OR\s0 A \s-1FAILURE\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1PROGRAM\s0
751 \&\s-1TO\s0 \s-1OPERATE\s0 \s-1WITH\s0 \s-1ANY\s0 \s-1OTHER\s0 \s-1PROGRAMS\s0), \s-1EVEN\s0 \s-1IF\s0 \s-1SUCH\s0 \s-1HOLDER\s0 \s-1OR\s0 \s-1OTHER\s0
752 \&\s-1PARTY\s0 \s-1HAS\s0 \s-1BEEN\s0 \s-1ADVISED\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1THE\s0 \s-1POSSIBILITY\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1SUCH\s0 \s-1DAMAGES\s0.
753 .IP "17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16." 4
754 .IX Item "17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16."
755 If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
756 above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
757 reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
758 an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
759 Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
760 copy of the Program in return for a fee.
761 .Sh "\s-1END\s0 \s-1OF\s0 \s-1TERMS\s0 \s-1AND\s0 \s-1CONDITIONS\s0"
762 .IX Subsection "END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS"
763 .Sh "How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs"
764 .IX Subsection "How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs"
765 If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
766 possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
767 free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these
770 To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
771 to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
772 state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
773 the \*(L"copyright\*(R" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
776 \& <one line to give the program\(aqs name and a brief idea of what it does.>
777 \& Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
781 \& This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
782 \& it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
783 \& the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at
784 \& your option) any later version.
788 \& This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
789 \& WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
790 \& MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
791 \& General Public License for more details.
795 \& You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
796 \& along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
799 Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
801 If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
802 notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
805 \& <program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
806 \& This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type "show w".
807 \& This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
808 \& under certain conditions; type "show c" for details.
811 The hypothetical commands \fBshow w\fR and \fBshow c\fR should show
812 the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, your
813 program's commands might be different; for a \s-1GUI\s0 interface, you would
814 use an \*(L"about box\*(R".
816 You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
817 if any, to sign a \*(L"copyright disclaimer\*(R" for the program, if necessary.
818 For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the \s-1GNU\s0 \s-1GPL\s0, see
819 <\fBhttp://www.gnu.org/licenses/\fR>.
821 The \s-1GNU\s0 General Public License does not permit incorporating your
822 program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine
823 library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary
824 applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use
825 the \s-1GNU\s0 Lesser General Public License instead of this License. But
826 first, please read <\fBhttp://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why\-not\-lgpl.html\fR>.
828 .IX Header "SEE ALSO"
829 \&\fIgfdl\fR\|(7), \fIfsf\-funding\fR\|(7).
831 .IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
832 Copyright (c) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
834 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this
835 license document, but changing it is not allowed.