4 You may find these things in your git repository (`.git`
5 directory for a repository associated with your working tree, or
6 `'project'.git` directory for a public 'bare' repository).
9 Object store associated with this repository. Usually
10 an object store is self sufficient (i.e. all the objects
11 that are referred to by an object found in it are also
12 found in it), but there are couple of ways to violate
15 . You could populate the repository by running a commit walker
16 without `-a` option. Depending on which options are given, you
17 could have only commit objects without associated blobs and
18 trees this way, for example. A repository with this kind of
19 incomplete object store is not suitable to be published to the
20 outside world but sometimes useful for private repository.
21 . You also could have an incomplete but locally usable repository
22 by cloning shallowly. See gitlink:git-clone[1].
23 . You can be using `objects/info/alternates` mechanism, or
24 `$GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES` mechanism to 'borrow'
25 objects from other object stores. A repository with this kind
26 of incomplete object store is not suitable to be published for
27 use with dumb transports but otherwise is OK as long as
28 `objects/info/alternates` points at the right object stores
31 objects/[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]::
32 Traditionally, each object is stored in its own file.
33 They are split into 256 subdirectories using the first
34 two letters from its object name to keep the number of
35 directory entries `objects` directory itself needs to
36 hold. Objects found here are often called 'unpacked'
40 Packs (files that store many object in compressed form,
41 along with index files to allow them to be randomly
42 accessed) are found in this directory.
45 Additional information about the object store is
46 recorded in this directory.
49 This file is to help dumb transports discover what packs
50 are available in this object store. Whenever a pack is
51 added or removed, `git update-server-info` should be run
52 to keep this file up-to-date if the repository is
53 published for dumb transports. `git repack` does this
56 objects/info/alternates::
57 This file records paths to alternate object stores that
58 this object store borrows objects from, one pathname per
59 line. Note that not only native Git tools use it locally,
60 but the HTTP fetcher also tries to use it remotely; this
61 will usually work if you have relative paths (relative
62 to the object database, not to the repository!) in your
63 alternates file, but it will not work if you use absolute
64 paths unless the absolute path in filesystem and web URL
65 is the same. See also 'objects/info/http-alternates'.
67 objects/info/http-alternates::
68 This file records URLs to alternate object stores that
69 this object store borrows objects from, to be used when
70 the repository is fetched over HTTP.
73 References are stored in subdirectories of this
74 directory. The `git prune` command knows to keep
75 objects reachable from refs found in this directory and
79 records tip-of-the-tree commit objects of branch `name`
82 records any object name (not necessarily a commit
83 object, or a tag object that points at a commit object).
86 A symref (see glossary) to the `refs/heads/` namespace
87 describing the currently active branch. It does not mean
88 much if the repository is not associated with any working tree
89 (i.e. a 'bare' repository), but a valid git repository
90 *must* have the HEAD file; some porcelains may use it to
91 guess the designated "default" branch of the repository
92 (usually 'master'). It is legal if the named branch
93 'name' does not (yet) exist. In some legacy setups, it is
94 a symbolic link instead of a symref that points at the current
97 HEAD can also record a specific commit directly, instead of
98 being a symref to point at the current branch. Such a state
99 is often called 'detached HEAD', and almost all commands work
100 identically as normal. See gitlink:git-checkout[1] for
104 A slightly deprecated way to store shorthands to be used
105 to specify URL to `git fetch`, `git pull` and `git push`
106 commands is to store a file in `branches/'name'` and
107 give 'name' to these commands in place of 'repository'
111 Hooks are customization scripts used by various git
112 commands. A handful of sample hooks are installed when
113 `git init` is run, but all of them are disabled by
114 default. To enable, they need to be made executable.
115 Read link:hooks.html[hooks] for more details about
119 The current index file for the repository. It is
120 usually not found in a bare repository.
123 Additional information about the repository is recorded
127 This file is to help dumb transports to discover what
128 refs are available in this repository. Whenever you
129 create/delete a new branch or a new tag, `git
130 update-server-info` should be run to keep this file
131 up-to-date if the repository is published for dumb
132 transports. The `git-receive-pack` command, which is
133 run on a remote repository when you `git push` into it,
134 runs `hooks/update` hook to help you achieve this.
137 This file records fake commit ancestry information, to
138 pretend the set of parents a commit has is different
139 from how the commit was actually created. One record
140 per line describes a commit and its fake parents by
141 listing their 40-byte hexadecimal object names separated
142 by a space and terminated by a newline.
145 This file, by convention among Porcelains, stores the
146 exclude pattern list. `.gitignore` is the per-directory
147 ignore file. `git status`, `git add`, `git rm` and `git
148 clean` look at it but the core git commands do not look
149 at it. See also: gitlink:git-ls-files[1] `--exclude-from`
150 and `--exclude-per-directory`.
153 Stores shorthands to be used to give URL and default
154 refnames to interact with remote repository to `git
155 fetch`, `git pull` and `git push` commands.
158 Records of changes made to refs are stored in this
159 directory. See the documentation on git-update-ref
160 for more information.
162 logs/refs/heads/`name`::
163 Records all changes made to the branch tip named `name`.
165 logs/refs/tags/`name`::
166 Records all changes made to the tag named `name`.
169 This is similar to `info/grafts` but is internally used
170 and maintained by shallow clone mechanism. See `--depth`
171 option to gitlink:git-clone[1] and gitlink:git-fetch[1].