2 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
3 **************************
7 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
8 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA
10 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
11 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
16 The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
17 freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public
18 License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
19 software--to make sure the software is free for all its users. This
20 General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
21 Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
22 using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
23 the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
26 When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
27 price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
28 have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
29 this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
30 if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in
31 new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
33 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
34 anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
35 These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
36 distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
38 For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
39 gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
40 you have. You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
41 source code. And you must show them these terms so they know their
44 We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software,
45 and (2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
46 distribute and/or modify the software.
48 Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
49 that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
50 software. If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
51 want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
52 that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
55 Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
56 patents. We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
57 program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
58 program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
59 patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
61 The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
64 TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
66 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a
67 notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
68 under the terms of this General Public License. The "Program",
69 below, refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on
70 the Program" means either the Program or any derivative work under
71 copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Program or a
72 portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or
73 translated into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is
74 included without limitation in the term "modification".) Each
75 licensee is addressed as "you".
77 Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are
78 not covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act
79 of running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the
80 Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on
81 the Program (independent of having been made by running the
82 Program). Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
84 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
85 source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
86 conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
87 copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
88 notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any
89 warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of
90 this License along with the Program.
92 You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy,
93 and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange
96 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
97 of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
98 distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
99 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
101 a. You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
102 stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
104 b. You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that
105 in whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program
106 or any part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge
107 to all third parties under the terms of this License.
109 c. If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
110 when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
111 interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display
112 an announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and
113 a notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you
114 provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the
115 program under these conditions, and telling the user how to
116 view a copy of this License. (Exception: if the Program
117 itself is interactive but does not normally print such an
118 announcement, your work based on the Program is not required
119 to print an announcement.)
121 These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If
122 identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the
123 Program, and can be reasonably considered independent and separate
124 works in themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not
125 apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate
126 works. But when you distribute the same sections as part of a
127 whole which is a work based on the Program, the distribution of
128 the whole must be on the terms of this License, whose permissions
129 for other licensees extend to the entire whole, and thus to each
130 and every part regardless of who wrote it.
132 Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or
133 contest your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the
134 intent is to exercise the right to control the distribution of
135 derivative or collective works based on the Program.
137 In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the
138 Program with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on
139 a volume of a storage or distribution medium does not bring the
140 other work under the scope of this License.
142 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
143 under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms
144 of Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the
147 a. Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
148 source code, which must be distributed under the terms of
149 Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for
150 software interchange; or,
152 b. Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
153 years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
154 cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
155 machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
156 distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a
157 medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
159 c. Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
160 to distribute corresponding source code. (This alternative is
161 allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
162 received the program in object code or executable form with
163 such an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
165 The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
166 making modifications to it. For an executable work, complete
167 source code means all the source code for all modules it contains,
168 plus any associated interface definition files, plus the scripts
169 used to control compilation and installation of the executable.
170 However, as a special exception, the source code distributed need
171 not include anything that is normally distributed (in either
172 source or binary form) with the major components (compiler,
173 kernel, and so on) of the operating system on which the executable
174 runs, unless that component itself accompanies the executable.
176 If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
177 access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
178 access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
179 distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
180 compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
182 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
183 except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
184 otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
185 void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this
186 License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights,
187 from you under this License will not have their licenses
188 terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.
190 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
191 signed it. However, nothing else grants you permission to modify
192 or distribute the Program or its derivative works. These actions
193 are prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.
194 Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Program (or any work
195 based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this
196 License to do so, and all its terms and conditions for copying,
197 distributing or modifying the Program or works based on it.
199 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
200 Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
201 original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program
202 subject to these terms and conditions. You may not impose any
203 further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights
204 granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance
205 by third parties to this License.
207 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
208 infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent
209 issues), conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order,
210 agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this
211 License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this
212 License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously
213 your obligations under this License and any other pertinent
214 obligations, then as a consequence you may not distribute the
215 Program at all. For example, if a patent license would not permit
216 royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those who
217 receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only
218 way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain
219 entirely from distribution of the Program.
221 If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable
222 under any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is
223 intended to apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply
224 in other circumstances.
226 It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
227 patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of
228 any such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting
229 the integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
230 implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
231 generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
232 through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
233 system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is
234 willing to distribute software through any other system and a
235 licensee cannot impose that choice.
237 This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed
238 to be a consequence of the rest of this License.
240 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
241 certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces,
242 the original copyright holder who places the Program under this
243 License may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation
244 excluding those countries, so that distribution is permitted only
245 in or among countries not thus excluded. In such case, this
246 License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of
249 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new
250 versions of the General Public License from time to time. Such
251 new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but
252 may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.
254 Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
255 Program specifies a version number of this License which applies
256 to it and "any later version", you have the option of following
257 the terms and conditions either of that version or of any later
258 version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program
259 does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose
260 any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
262 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
263 programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the
264 author to ask for permission. For software which is copyrighted
265 by the Free Software Foundation, write to the Free Software
266 Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this. Our decision
267 will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of
268 all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing
269 and reuse of software generally.
273 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO
274 WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE
275 LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
276 HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT
277 WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT
278 NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
279 FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE
280 QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
281 PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY
282 SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
284 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN
285 WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY
286 MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE
287 LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL,
288 INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR
289 INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
290 DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU
291 OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY
292 OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN
293 ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
295 END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
297 How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
298 =============================================
300 If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
301 possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
302 free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these
305 To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
306 to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
307 convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
308 the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
310 ONE LINE TO GIVE THE PROGRAM'S NAME AND A BRIEF IDEA OF WHAT IT DOES.
311 Copyright (C) 19YY NAME OF AUTHOR
313 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
314 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
315 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
316 (at your option) any later version.
318 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
319 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
320 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
321 GNU General Public License for more details.
323 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
324 along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
325 Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
327 Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper
330 If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like
331 this when it starts in an interactive mode:
333 Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) 19YY NAME OF AUTHOR
334 Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details
336 This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
337 under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
339 The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the
340 appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the
341 commands you use may be called something other than `show w' and `show
342 c'; they could even be mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your
345 You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or
346 your school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program,
347 if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:
349 Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
350 `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
352 SIGNATURE OF TY COON, 1 April 1989
353 Ty Coon, President of Vice
355 This General Public License does not permit incorporating your
356 program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine
357 library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary
358 applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the
359 GNU Library General Public License instead of this License.