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1 #This file was created by <tal197> Tue May 16 11:38:42 2000
2 #LyX 0.12 (C) 1995-1998 Matthias Ettrich and the LyX Team
3 \lyxformat 2.15
4 \textclass article
5 \begin_preamble
6 \def \Tab {\thinspace$\langle\hbox{Tab}\rangle$\thinspace}
7 \end_preamble
8 \language default
9 \inputencoding latin1
10 \fontscheme default
11 \graphics default
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13 \spacing single
14 \papersize Default
15 \paperpackage widemarginsa4
16 \use_geometry 0
17 \use_amsmath 0
18 \paperorientation portrait
19 \secnumdepth 3
20 \tocdepth 3
21 \paragraph_separation indent
22 \defskip medskip
23 \quotes_language english
24 \quotes_times 2
25 \papercolumns 1
26 \papersides 1
27 \paperpagestyle default
29 \layout Title
31 ROX-Filer User Manual
32 \layout Author
34 Thomas Leonard, tal197@ecs.soton.ac.uk
35 \layout Date
38 \latex latex
40 \backslash
41 today
42 \layout Abstract
44 ROX-Filer is a graphical file manger for the X Window System.
45 Its user interface is based on the RISC OS filer and it supports similar
46 features such as application directories and drag-and-drop loading and
47 saving of files.
48 \layout Standard
51 \begin_inset LatexCommand \tableofcontents
53 \end_inset
56 \layout Section
58 Introduction
59 \layout Standard
61 ROX-Filer is a simple and easy to use graphical file manager for X11, the
62 windowing system used on Unix and Unix-like operating systems.
63 It is also the core component of the ROX Desktop
64 \begin_inset LatexCommand \cite{ROX}
66 \end_inset
68 .
69 \layout Subsection
71 Features
72 \layout Description
74 XDND A common drag-and-drop protocol used, for example, by the GNOME desktop
75 \begin_inset LatexCommand \cite{GNOME}
77 \end_inset
79 .
80 This allows data to be loaded into an application by dragging it from a
81 filer window to a program.
82 The full specification is given in
83 \begin_inset LatexCommand \cite{DND}
85 \end_inset
87 .
88 \layout Description
90 XDS An extension to XDND that allows applications to save data by dragging
91 an icon back to a filer window.
92 The full specification is given in
93 \begin_inset LatexCommand \cite{XDS}
95 \end_inset
97 .
98 \layout Description
100 ROX
101 \protected_separator
102 Choices A simple, but flexible, system for managing user choices.
103 See
104 \begin_inset LatexCommand \cite{Choices}
106 \end_inset
108 for details.
109 \layout Description
111 Application
112 \protected_separator
113 directories Self contained relocatable applications, where installation
114 is as simple as copying it to where you want it and uninstalling it is
115 just a matter of deleting a directory.
116 Described later in this documentation.
117 \layout Section
119 Conditions
120 \layout Standard
122 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
123 under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
124 Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option)
125 any later version.
126 \layout Standard
128 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
129 ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
130 FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
131 See the GNU General Public License for more details.
132 \layout Standard
134 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
135 with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
136 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA, 02111-1307, USA.
137 \layout Section
139 Instructions
140 \layout Subsection
142 Compiling
143 \layout Standard
145 ROX-Filer is usually supplied in source-only form.
146 To compile and run it, you will require
147 \layout Itemize
149 Unix or Linux (root access is not required),
150 \layout Itemize
152 The X Window system (supplied as standard on all modern systems),
153 \layout Itemize
155 GTK+ 1.2.0 or later (libraries and headers) --- get the latest version from
157 \begin_inset LatexCommand \cite{GTK+}
159 \end_inset
161 ,
162 \layout Itemize
164 A C compiler (standard on most systems).
165 \layout Standard
167 All of the above are standard on most modern Linux distributions.
168 To check which version of GTK+ you have installed, run the
169 \family typewriter
170 gtk-config
171 \family default
172 command, like this (
173 \family typewriter
174 $
175 \family default
176 is the shell prompt):
177 \layout LyX-Code
179 $ gtk-config --version
180 \layout LyX-Code
182 1.2.3
183 \layout Standard
185 To compile:
186 \layout Enumerate
188 Change to the directory containing the ROX-Filer subdirectory.
189 \layout Enumerate
191 Run the AppRun script with the
192 \family typewriter
193 --compile
194 \family default
195 option, like this:
196 \begin_deeper
197 \layout LyX-Code
199 $ ROX-Filer/AppRun --compile
200 \end_deeper
201 \layout Enumerate
203 ROX-Filer will perform various checks to find out what kind of system it
204 is being run on and will then compile.
205 If it doesn't work then please e-mail me and complain! Tell me what kind
206 of system you have and what errors were reported.
207 If you manage to fix the problem yourself then please e-mail me the fix.
208 \layout Standard
210 You can now run the filer by running the AppRun script without any options,
211 like this:
212 \layout LyX-Code
214 $ ROX-Filer/AppRun
215 \layout Standard
217 A window should appear and display the contents of your home directory.
218 \layout Standard
220 The executables files are stored inside the ROX-Filer directory in a different
221 subdirectory for each platform.
222 Therefore, you can compile the same application on several different types
223 of machine and then run it from any of them using the AppRun script.
224 This is particularly useful in a network environment.
225 \layout Subsection
227 Invoking
228 \layout Standard
230 By default, ROX-Filer will start by displaying your home directory.
231 You can get it to display other directories instead by listing them after
232 the command:
233 \layout LyX-Code
235 $ ROX-Filer/AppRun /home /usr /usr/local
236 \layout Standard
238 If you want one of the directories to be opened as a panel put
239 \family typewriter
240 -b
241 \family default
242 or
243 \family typewriter
244 -t
245 \family default
246 before the directory (for `bottom' or `top' panels).
247 If you don't know what a panel is, try it and see! To run the filer in
248 the background, put an & at the end of the line.
249 \layout LyX-Code
251 $ mkdir ~/Panel
252 \layout LyX-Code
254 $ ln -s $HOME ~/Panel/Home
255 \layout LyX-Code
257 $ ROX-Filer/AppRun -b ~/Panel &
258 \layout Standard
260 The panel should be displayed in a window without a title bar.
261 If this does not work then you may need to update your window manager.
262 The filer was designed and tested using the Enlightenment window manager
263 \begin_inset LatexCommand \cite{enlightenment}
265 \end_inset
267 .
268 You could also try using the
269 \family typewriter
270 -o
271 \family default
272 option which bypasses the window manager entirely (also use this if the
273 panel appears in the wrong place):
274 \layout LyX-Code
276 $ ROX-Filer/AppRun -o -b ~/Panel &
277 \layout Standard
279 Note that if the same version of the filer is already running on this machine
280 then, by default, it will be used to open the directories and the new copy
281 will exit immediately.
282 You can override this (perhaps because the old copy has stopped responding
283 for some reason) using the `
284 \family typewriter
285 --new
286 \family default
287 ' option.
288 \layout Subsection
290 Mouse button and key bindings
291 \layout Standard
293 By default, the mouse button bindings are designed to fit in with X conventions.
294 You can get the old RISC OS bindings by opening the Options window and
295 clicking on a few toggle buttons.
296 By default, the mouse buttons and key bindings for filer windows are as
297 follows:
298 \latex latex
300 \backslash
301 medskip
302 \layout Standard
303 \LyXTable
304 multicol5
305 23 2 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1
306 1 1 0 0
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360 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
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364 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
365 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
366 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
367 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
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373 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
374 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
375 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
376 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
378 Key or mouse button
379 \newline
380 Action
381 \newline
382 Left button click
383 \newline
384 Select (only) the item clicked on, or clear the selection.
385 \newline
386 Middle button click
387 \newline
388 Toggle the item between being selected and unselected.
389 \newline
390 Right button click
391 \newline
392 Open the main menu.
393 Hold down Ctrl while clicking to go directly to
394 \newline
396 \newline
397 the Selection submenu.
398 \newline
399 Drag an item
400 \newline
401 Copy the file(s) to the destination (an application or another filer window).
402 \newline
403 (left mouse button)
404 \newline
405 Hold down Shift to move the file, or Ctrl+Shift to create a symbolic link.
406 \newline
407 Drag an item
408 \newline
409 As above, but always moves rather than copying or symlinking.
410 \newline
411 (middle mouse button)
412 \newline
414 \newline
415 Drag (not over an item)
416 \newline
417 Select a group of items by dragging a box around them.
418 \newline
420 \newline
421 If you use the left button then the boxed items only are selected, otherwise
422 \newline
424 \newline
425 the boxes items are toggled between selected and unselected.
426 \newline
427 Double click left button
428 \newline
429 Open the file or directory or run the application.
430 \newline
432 \newline
433 Holding down Shift while clicking does the same thing as choosing
434 \newline
436 \newline
437 `Shift Open' from the menu.
438 \newline
439 Double click middle button
440 \newline
441 Open the file and close the directory viewer,
442 \newline
444 \newline
445 or open the directory in a new window.
446 \newline
447 Backspace
448 \newline
449 Change to viewing the parent directory.
450 \newline
451 Cursor keys
452 \newline
453 Move the cursor around.
454 \newline
455 Page Up, Page Down
456 \newline
457 Move up and down in steps of ten rows at a time.
458 \newline
459 Home, End
460 \newline
461 Move to the first/last entry in the directory.
462 \newline
463 Return
464 \newline
465 Open the item under the cursor.
466 With Shift held down this acts like choosing 'Shift Open' from the menu.
467 \newline
468 Spacebar
469 \newline
470 Toggles the item under the cursor between being selected and unselected.
471 \layout Standard
474 \latex latex
476 \backslash
477 medskip
478 \backslash
479 noindent
480 \latex default
481 You can simulate a click of the middle mouse button by clicking with Ctrl
482 held down.
483 Other keys can easily be defined by opening the menu, moving the pointer
484 over the item you want to use and pressing a key.
485 The key will appear in the menu and can be used from then on.
486 To make the new key bindings permanent, open the Options box from the menu
487 and click on Save.
488 \layout Subsection
490 The selection
491 \layout Standard
493 While items are selected in a ROX-Filer window the filer has the global
494 selection.
495 You can then paste into another window to get the pathnames of the selected
496 files.
497 For example, to extract the files from a .tgz archive on a floppy disk into
498 your home directory:
499 \layout Enumerate
501 Choose `Xterm here' from the menu in your home directory.
502 \layout Enumerate
504 Type `tar xzf ' (but don't press Return)
505 \layout Enumerate
507 Click on the .tgz file to select it.
508 \layout Enumerate
510 Click the middle button in the xterm window to paste the name of the file
511 into the command.
512 \layout Enumerate
514 Press Return in the xterm to execute the command.
515 \layout Subsection
518 \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec: Toolbar}
520 \end_inset
522 The toolbar
523 \layout Standard
525 By default, each window has a toolbar along the top.
526 You can disable this from the Options window.
527 The three buttons on the toolbar are:
528 \layout Standard
529 \added_space_top 0.3cm \added_space_bottom 0.3cm \align center \LyXTable
530 multicol5
531 4 3 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1
532 1 1 0 0
533 1 1 0 0
534 0 1 0 0
535 0 1 0 0
536 8 1 0 "" ""
537 2 1 1 "4.5cm" ""
538 2 0 1 "4.5cm" ""
539 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
540 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
541 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
542 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
543 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
544 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
545 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
546 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
547 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
548 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
549 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
550 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
552 Icon
553 \newline
554 Action
555 \newline
556 Other action
557 \newline
558 Up arrow
559 \newline
560 Change to parent directory
561 \newline
562 Show parent in a new window
563 \newline
564 House
565 \newline
566 Change to home directory
567 \newline
568 Show home in a new window
569 \newline
570 Looping arrows
571 \newline
572 Reread the directory contents
573 \newline
574 Open a new window
575 \layout Standard
578 \latex latex
580 \backslash
581 noindent
582 \latex default
583 If the toolbar is in Normal mode (ie, not GNOME mode) then you may also
584 use button 3 (usually the right-most button) to perform the `Other action'.
585 \layout Subsection
587 The menus
588 \layout Standard
590 You can open a menu by right clicking
591 \begin_float footnote
592 \layout Standard
594 If the Use `RISC OS mouse bindings' option is on then use the middle button
595 instead.
596 \end_float
597 over a panel or filer window.
598 Here is a full description of each choice and what it does:
599 \layout Standard
600 \added_space_top 0.3cm \added_space_bottom 0.3cm \align center \LyXTable
601 multicol5
602 6 2 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1
603 1 1 0 0
604 1 1 0 0
605 0 1 0 0
606 0 1 0 0
607 0 1 0 0
608 0 1 0 0
609 8 1 0 "" ""
610 2 1 1 "8cm" ""
611 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
612 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
613 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
614 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
615 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
616 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
617 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
618 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
619 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
620 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
621 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
622 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
624 Entry
625 \newline
626 Action
627 \newline
628 Select All
629 \newline
630 Select every item in this window.
631 \newline
632 Clear Selection
633 \newline
634 Unselect every item in this window.
635 \newline
636 Options...
637 \newline
638 Configure ROX-Filer.
639 \newline
640 New Directory...
641 \newline
642 Create a new directory in this one.
643 \newline
644 Xterm Here
645 \newline
646 Open an xterm with its current directory set to this directory.
647 \layout Subsubsection
649 The display menu
650 \layout Standard
651 \added_space_top 0.3cm \added_space_bottom 0.3cm \align center \LyXTable
652 multicol5
653 11 2 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1
654 1 1 0 0
655 1 1 0 0
656 0 1 0 0
657 0 1 0 0
658 0 1 0 0
659 0 1 0 0
660 0 1 0 0
661 0 1 0 0
662 0 1 0 0
663 0 1 0 0
664 0 1 1 0
665 8 1 0 "" ""
666 2 1 1 "8cm" ""
667 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
668 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
669 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
670 0 2 1 1 0 0 0 "" ""
671 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
672 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
673 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
674 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
675 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
676 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
677 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
678 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
679 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
680 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
681 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
682 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
683 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
684 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
685 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
686 0 8 0 1 1 0 0 "" ""
687 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
688 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
690 Entry
691 \newline
692 Action
693 \newline
694 Large Icons
695 \newline
696 Each object in the directory is shown as a large icon with its name below.
697 \newline
698 Small Icons
699 \newline
700 Items are drawn smaller that usual, allowing you to see more files at once.
701 \latex latex
703 \backslash
704 dag
705 \latex default
707 \newline
708 Full Info
709 \newline
710 Entries are displayed with their icon, name, type, permissions, owner and
711 size.
712 \newline
713 Sort by Name
714 \newline
715 Items are arranged in ASCII order.
716 Note that `Z' is considered to come before `a'.
717 \newline
718 Sort by Type
719 \newline
720 Items are grouped by their MIME-types and sorted by name within the groups.
721 \newline
722 Sort by Date
723 \newline
724 Most recently modified first.
725 \newline
726 Sort by Size
727 \newline
728 Largest first.
729 \newline
730 Show Hidden
731 \newline
732 If on, files beginning with a dot are shown, otherwise they are hidden.
733 \newline
734 Refresh
735 \newline
736 Rereads the contents of the directory and details of all the files in it.
737 \newline
739 \newline
740 Use this if the display becomes out-of-date.
741 \layout Standard
744 \latex latex
746 \backslash
747 noindent
748 \backslash
749 dag
750 \backslash
751 thinspace{}
752 \latex default
753 If ROX-Filer was unable to find ImLib
754 \begin_inset LatexCommand \cite{ImLib}
756 \end_inset
758 when it was compiled then the icons are shown cropped rather than scaled.
759 Get ImLib and recompile if you want it to look nice.
760 \layout Subsubsection
763 \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec: Permissions}
765 \end_inset
767 Permissions
768 \layout Standard
770 The permissions display, shown in Full Info mode, is made up of four groups
771 of three flags.
772 Each flag is displayed as a letter if it is on and a dash (-) if not.
773 The first three characters show the permissions for the owner of the file,
774 the second for other members of the file's group and the third for everyone
775 else.
776 Whichever group applies to the ROX-Filer process itself is shown underlined.
777 The fourth group shows any special flags.
778 \layout Standard
780 The meanings of the characters are:
781 \layout Description
783 r Permission to read the contents of a file, or the names of files in a
784 directory.
785 \layout Description
787 w Permission to alter the contents of a file, or change which names appear
788 in a directory.
789 \layout Description
791 x Permission to run the file as a program, or refer to the files listed
792 within the directory.
793 \layout Description
795 U This program executes with the
796 \emph on
797 effective user ID
798 \emph toggle
799 of its owner rather than the person who ran it.
800 \layout Description
802 G This program executes with the
803 \emph on
804 effective group ID
805 \emph toggle
806 of its group, regardless of who ran it.
807 \layout Description
809 T Entries in this directory can only be altered or removed by the people
810 who own the files even if they have write permission on the directory itself.
811 \layout Standard
813 For example, `
814 \family typewriter
815 \bar under
816 rwx
817 \bar default
818 ,rwx,r-x/---
819 \family default
820 ' means that the owner of the file is the same as the effective user of
821 ROX-Filer (basically, you own the file), you and members of the file's
822 group have read, write and execute permission and other people have only
823 read and execute permission.
824 There are no special flags set.
825 \layout Standard
827 The rules which determine which permissions apply may vary slightly between
828 operating systems, but a rough guide is:
829 \layout Itemize
831 If the
832 \emph on
833 effective user ID
834 \emph toggle
835 of the process is equal to the file's owner, then the owner permissions
836 apply.
837 \layout Itemize
839 Otherwise, if the
840 \emph on
841 effective group ID
842 \emph toggle
843 of the process is equal to the file's group OR the file's group is one
844 of the process's
845 \emph on
846 supplemental groups
847 \emph toggle
848 then the group permissions apply.
849 \layout Itemize
851 Otherwise, the `other' permissions apply.
852 The
853 \emph on
854 real user ID
855 \emph toggle
856 and
857 \emph on
858 real group ID
859 \emph toggle
860 have no effect (except that a process may set its real IDs to its effective
861 IDs).
862 \layout Subsubsection
864 The selection menu
865 \layout Standard
867 All of these work in the same way - if you open the menu with some items
868 selected then the operation applies to those items.
869 If you open then menu over an item while there is no selection then that
870 item is temporarily selected.
871 If you choose one of these while there is no selection at all then the
872 window goes into `target mode' - the operation happens to the next item
873 you click on.
874 Click on the window background, press Escape, or click with the right mouse
875 button to cancel target mode.
876 Target mode is mainly useful with the `Single click navigation' option
877 and keys bound to the various menu entries.
878 \layout Standard
879 \added_space_top 0.3cm \added_space_bottom 0.3cm \align center \LyXTable
880 multicol5
881 20 2 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1
882 1 1 0 0
883 1 1 0 0
884 0 1 0 0
885 0 1 0 0
886 0 1 0 0
887 0 1 1 0
888 0 1 1 0
889 0 1 1 0
890 0 1 0 0
891 0 1 1 0
892 0 1 0 0
893 0 1 0 0
894 0 1 0 0
895 0 1 0 0
896 0 1 1 0
897 0 1 1 0
898 0 1 0 0
899 0 1 1 0
900 0 1 0 0
901 0 1 0 0
902 8 1 0 "" ""
903 2 1 1 "10cm" ""
904 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
905 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
906 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
907 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
908 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
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920 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
921 0 8 0 1 1 0 0 "" ""
922 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
923 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
924 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
925 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
926 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
927 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
928 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
929 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
930 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
931 0 8 0 1 1 0 0 "" ""
932 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
933 0 8 0 1 1 0 0 "" ""
934 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
935 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
936 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
937 0 8 0 1 1 0 0 "" ""
938 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
939 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
940 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
941 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
942 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
943 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
945 Entry
946 \newline
947 Action
948 \newline
949 Copy...
950 \newline
951 Make a copy of this object in the same directory.
952 \newline
953 Rename...
954 \newline
955 Change the name used for this object.
956 \newline
957 Link...
958 \newline
959 Create a symbolic link to this name in the same directory.
960 \newline
961 Shift Open
962 \newline
963 Opens applications as directories, files as text/plain, mount points
964 \newline
966 \newline
967 by mounting or unmounting them and symlinks by opening the directory
968 \newline
970 \newline
971 containing the thing they point to.
972 \newline
974 \newline
975 This is the same as double-clicking with Shift held down.
976 \newline
977 Help
978 \newline
979 Explain what kind of thing is selected.
980 For applications,
981 \newline
983 \newline
984 display the help files.
985 \newline
986 Info
987 \newline
988 Display extra information about this object.
989 \newline
990 Open VFS
991 \newline
992 Open the file as if it was a directory --- see section
993 \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec: vfs}
995 \end_inset
997 .
998 \newline
999 Mount
1000 \newline
1001 Mount or unmount each mount point selected.
1002 \newline
1003 Delete
1004 \newline
1005 Remove all the selected entries from the directory.
1006 \newline
1008 \newline
1009 Subdirectories will have their contents deleted first.
1010 \newline
1012 \newline
1013 Deleting symlinks only removes the link, not the thing it points to.
1014 \newline
1015 Disk Usage
1016 \newline
1017 Count the sizes of all the selected items.
1018 Directories also have their
1019 \newline
1021 \newline
1022 contents counted.
1023 Symlinks count themselves, not the things they point to.
1024 \newline
1025 Permissions
1026 \newline
1027 Allows you to change the permissions for the selected files.
1028 \newline
1029 Find
1030 \newline
1031 Search for files by specifying various conditions --- see section
1032 \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec: Searching}
1034 \end_inset
1036 .
1037 \layout Subsubsection
1039 The window menu
1040 \layout Standard
1041 \added_space_top 0.3cm \added_space_bottom 0.3cm \align center \LyXTable
1042 multicol5
1043 10 2 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1
1044 1 1 0 0
1045 1 1 0 0
1046 0 1 0 0
1047 0 1 0 0
1048 0 1 0 0
1049 0 1 0 0
1050 0 1 0 0
1051 0 1 0 0
1052 0 1 1 0
1053 0 1 0 0
1054 8 1 0 "" ""
1055 2 1 1 "8cm" ""
1056 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1057 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1058 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1059 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1060 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1061 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1062 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1063 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1064 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1065 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1066 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1067 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1068 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1069 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1070 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1071 0 8 0 1 1 0 0 "" ""
1072 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1073 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1074 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1075 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1077 Entry
1078 \newline
1079 Action
1080 \newline
1081 Parent, New Window
1082 \newline
1083 Open a new window displaying this window's parent.
1084 \newline
1085 Parent, Same Window
1086 \newline
1087 As above, but reuse this window.
1088 \newline
1089 New Window
1090 \newline
1091 Open another window onto this directory.
1092 \newline
1093 Close Window
1094 \newline
1095 Close this window.
1096 \newline
1097 Enter Path
1098 \newline
1099 Open the path-entry box (see section
1100 \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec: mini}
1102 \end_inset
1104 ).
1105 \newline
1106 Shell Command
1107 \newline
1108 Open the shell command box (see section
1109 \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec: mini}
1111 \end_inset
1113 ).
1114 \newline
1115 Set Run Action
1116 \newline
1117 Allows you to set the program to use when double-clicking on a file.
1118 \newline
1120 \newline
1121 See section
1122 \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec: RunAction}
1124 \end_inset
1126 for details.
1127 \newline
1128 Show ROX-Filer help
1129 \newline
1130 Same as selecting ROX-Filer and choosing `Help' from the menu.
1131 \layout Subsubsection
1133 The panel menu
1134 \layout Standard
1136 This is just a cut-down version of the window menu.
1137 The only new entry is `Open Panel as Directory', which displays the panel
1138 in a new, non-panel, window.
1139 `Remove Item' is a cut-down version of `Delete'; it only works for symbolic
1140 links and never asks for confirmation.
1141 Since dragging applications and directories to the panel creates symlinks
1142 it is very easy to change the panel contents to suit your needs.
1143 \layout Subsection
1146 \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec: vfs}
1148 \end_inset
1150 Virtual file systems
1151 \layout Standard
1153 Some types of file can be represented as a directory.
1154 A typical example is a zip file, which contains an entire directory structure
1155 in compressed form.
1156 It is often useful to be able to open up such a file as if it was a real
1157 directory, and the VFS system allows you to do this.
1158 \layout Standard
1160 To use this feature you must have one or both of the following:
1161 \layout Itemize
1163 A system (such as PODFUK
1164 \begin_inset LatexCommand \cite{PODFUK}
1166 \end_inset
1168 ) which causes the kernel to support various Virtual File Systems directly.
1169 This is the best option since all programs will be able to access the contents
1170 of the VFS.
1171 You will require root access to install such a system, however, and it
1172 is not available on all platforms.
1173 \layout Itemize
1175 Support for the Midnight Commander VFS library compiled into ROX-Filer.
1176 This happens automatically when you compile ROX-Filer if it can find the
1177 VFS library --- this means having
1178 \family typewriter
1179 libvfs.so
1180 \family default
1181 (or
1182 \family typewriter
1183 libvfs.a
1184 \family default
1185 ) in a system library directory or in the directory in the environment variable
1187 \family typewriter
1188 LD_LIBRARY_PATH
1189 \family default
1190 .
1191 In this case, you will be able to view the directory structure and copy
1192 files out of it, but not change it.
1193 Support for this may be added later.
1194 Midnight Commander is part of the GNOME project.
1195 \layout Standard
1197 Note that using the `Open VFS' menu is simply a short-cut for using the
1198 path-entry box (explained below), so if you want to use a VFS not listed
1199 on the menu you can type in the path directly, eg:
1200 \layout Standard
1203 \family typewriter
1204 /home/fred/archive.zip#uzip/
1205 \layout Standard
1208 \latex latex
1210 \backslash
1211 noindent
1212 \latex default
1213 Don't forget the final slash!
1214 \layout Subsubsection
1216 Step by step example of adding VFS support
1217 \layout Standard
1219 This assumes that you have the Midnight Commander source in a directory
1220 called `mc'.
1221 You might need to replace
1222 \family typewriter
1223 libvfs.so
1224 \family default
1225 with
1226 \family typewriter
1227 libvfs.a
1228 \family default
1229 .
1230 \layout LyX-Code
1232 $ cd mc
1233 \layout LyX-Code
1235 $ ./configure
1236 \layout LyX-Code
1238 $ cd vfs
1239 \layout LyX-Code
1241 $ make libvfs.so
1242 \layout Itemize
1244 If you have the root password then install the library in a system library
1245 directory as normal.
1246 \layout Itemize
1248 If not,
1249 \begin_deeper
1250 \layout LyX-Code
1252 $ mkdir ~/lib
1253 \layout LyX-Code
1255 $ cp libvfs.so ~/lib
1256 \layout LyX-Code
1258 $ cd ~/Apps/ROX-Filer
1259 \layout Standard
1261 Edit the
1262 \family typewriter
1263 AppRun
1264 \family default
1265 file to include this as the
1266 \emph on
1267 second
1268 \emph toggle
1269 line:
1270 \layout LyX-Code
1272 LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${HOME}/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
1273 \layout Standard
1275 This will ensure that ROX-Filer will look for the library in the new
1276 \family typewriter
1277 ~/lib
1278 \family default
1279 directory.
1280 Finally, recompile:
1281 \layout LyX-Code
1283 $ ./AppRun --compile
1284 \layout LyX-Code
1286 ...
1287 \layout LyX-Code
1289 checking for mc_stat in -lvfs...
1290 yes
1291 \layout Standard
1293 If you saw that line then it's worked! Well done!
1294 \end_deeper
1295 \layout Subsection
1298 \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec: mini}
1300 \end_inset
1302 The mini-buffer
1303 \layout Standard
1305 The mini-buffer is a white bar that appears along the bottom of the window
1306 and allows you to enter some text.
1307 Press Escape to get rid of it again.
1308 It behaves in different ways depending on how you invoked it:
1309 \layout Subsubsection
1311 The path-entry box
1312 \layout Standard
1314 This allows you to type in a path directly.
1315 As you type the display is updated to show the item entered visually.
1316 The main use is to find a file in a large directory quickly, but you can
1317 also use it for navigating between directories, or for selecting a full
1318 pathname from somewhere else and pasting it directly into the path-entry
1319 box.
1320 \layout Standard
1321 \added_space_top 0.3cm \added_space_bottom 0.3cm \align center \LyXTable
1322 multicol5
1323 4 2 0 0 -1 -1 -1 -1
1324 1 1 0 0
1325 0 1 0 0
1326 0 1 0 0
1327 0 1 0 0
1328 8 1 0 "" ""
1329 2 1 1 "8cm" ""
1330 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1331 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1332 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1333 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1334 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1335 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1336 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1337 0 8 0 1 0 0 0 "" ""
1339 Key
1340 \newline
1341 Action
1342 \newline
1343 Return
1344 \newline
1345 Open the currently selected item.
1346 \newline
1347 Tab
1348 \newline
1349 Shell-style tab completion.
1350 \newline
1351 Up, Down
1352 \newline
1353 Select the previous/next matching entry.
1354 \layout Standard
1356 Tab completion tries to fill in as many characters for you as it can.
1357 For example, if there are two files in a directory called `save-mail-nov-1999'
1358 and `save-mail-dec-1999' then typing 'save' and pressing Tab will expand
1359 `save' to `save-mail-' and beep to indicate that the match is not complete.
1360 If you use tab completion on a directory and it is unique then the filer
1361 will automatically change into the directory.
1362 This behavior should be familiar to shell users.
1363 \layout Subsubsection*
1365 Example
1366 \layout Standard
1368 Let's say you want to locate the documentation for Wine in the directory
1369 /usr/doc (which is usually very large).
1370 Here's how you could do it:
1371 \layout Enumerate
1373 Open the minibuffer by choosing 'Enter Path' from the Window menu.
1374 I usually bind this function to the slash (`/') key.
1375 \layout Enumerate
1377 Press CTRL-U to delete the existing contents --- this moves you to the root
1378 directory.
1379 \layout Enumerate
1381 Type `u
1382 \latex latex
1384 \backslash
1385 Tab{}
1386 \latex default
1387 do
1388 \latex latex
1390 \backslash
1391 Tab{}
1392 \latex default
1393 wi
1394 \latex latex
1396 \backslash
1397 Tab{}
1398 \latex default
1399 '.
1400 As you type, the cursor will move to the correct subdirectory.
1401 If it beeps when you press Tab then you need to supply more letters.
1402 \layout Subsubsection
1405 \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec: RunAction}
1407 \end_inset
1409 The run action box
1410 \layout Standard
1412 This box appears when you choose `Set Run Action' from the Window menu.
1413 You can now either drag a file onto an application, or you can enter a
1414 shell command.
1415 In either case, the action is not actually performed but instead becomes
1416 the default action for files of that type.
1417 \layout Standard
1419 All files have a MIME type in the form `
1420 \family typewriter
1421 text/plain
1422 \family default
1423 '.
1424 Here, `
1425 \family typewriter
1426 text
1427 \family default
1428 ' is the
1429 \emph on
1430 media type
1431 \emph toggle
1432 and `
1433 \family typewriter
1434 plain
1435 \family default
1436 ' is the
1437 \emph on
1438 sub-type
1439 \emph toggle
1440 .
1441 Whichever method you use to set the action you will be given the choice
1442 of setting the run action just for that type, or setting the default for
1443 all files with that media-type which don't already have a specific action.
1444 \layout Standard
1446 For example, let's say you want to set things up so that double-clicking
1447 on a `.gif' file loads it into the Gimp:
1448 \layout Paragraph
1450 Setting the run action by drag-and-drop
1451 \newline
1453 \layout Standard
1455 Choose `Set Run Action' from the Window menu and, while the minibuffer is
1456 still open, drag a GIF file from the filer window onto the Gimp's application
1457 directory (probably in another filer window).
1458 \layout Paragraph
1460 Setting the run action by entering a shell command
1461 \newline
1463 \layout Standard
1465 Type:
1466 \layout LyX-Code
1468 gimp
1469 \begin_inset Quotes erd
1470 \end_inset
1472 $1
1473 \begin_inset Quotes erd
1474 \end_inset
1477 \layout Standard
1479 and press Return.
1480 Note that the cursor (the black box) must be on the GIF file when you press
1481 Return.
1482 \layout Subsubsection
1484 The shell command box
1485 \layout Standard
1487 This provides a quick way of entering shell commands if you don't want to
1488 open an xterm.
1489 If you don't know what shell commands are, skip this section!
1490 \layout Standard
1492 Just type in the command and press Return to execute it.
1493 Up and Down arrows move through previously entered commands.
1494 Tab does shell-style completion.
1495 Clicking on an item inserts its name into the minibuffer.
1496 If some items are selected then they are assigned to the positional parameters
1498 \family typewriter
1499 $1
1500 \family default
1501 ,
1502 \family typewriter
1503 $2
1504 \family default
1505 , etc.
1506 \layout Subsubsection*
1508 Examples
1509 \layout Standard
1511 To untar a
1512 \family typewriter
1513 .tgz
1514 \family default
1515 archive:
1516 \layout Enumerate
1518 Open the minibuffer by choosing `Shell Command' from the Window menu.
1519 I usually bind this to the bang (`!') key.
1520 \layout Enumerate
1522 Type `
1523 \family typewriter
1524 tar xzf
1525 \family default
1526 ' and click on the file.
1527 The leading space is automatically inserted.
1528 \layout Enumerate
1530 Press Return to execute it.
1531 \layout Standard
1533 To print all the selected files:
1534 \layout Enumerate
1536 Open the shell command minibuffer.
1537 \layout Enumerate
1539 Type
1540 \family typewriter
1541 `lpr $*
1542 \family default
1543 ' and press Return.
1544 \layout Subsubsection*
1546 Notes
1547 \layout Itemize
1549 Be careful; you will not be asked to confirm! If in doubt, start the command
1550 with `
1551 \family typewriter
1552 echo
1553 \family default
1554 ' so that it will be displayed rather than executed.
1555 \layout Itemize
1557 The above command won't work if some of the files contain spaces --- use
1558 `
1559 \family typewriter
1560 lpr
1561 \latex latex
1562 "
1563 \latex default
1564 $@
1565 \latex latex
1566 "
1567 \family default
1568 \latex default
1569 ' instead to be safe.
1570 \layout Itemize
1572 `sh' is always used as the name of the shell to run (mainly because bash
1573 and csh treat positional parameters differently).
1574 However, PATH is searched to find it so you can still use another shell
1575 if you want by naming it sh and putting it in your path.
1576 \layout Itemize
1578 Commands execute in the background, so you can say:
1579 \begin_deeper
1580 \layout LyX-Code
1582 sleep 240; xmessage Time to go!
1583 \end_deeper
1584 \layout Subsection
1586 Action windows
1587 \layout Standard
1589 Action windows are those boxes that appear while you're doing a Copy/Move/Link/e
1590 tc operation.
1591 The status line at the top of the window shows the current directory or
1592 object that the window is processing.
1593 The scrolling area below is the log area --- it shows what has been done
1594 and may display questions here.
1595 \layout Standard
1597 At the bottom are four buttons and, sometimes, some options.
1598 The buttons work as follows:
1599 \layout Description
1601 Quiet will do simple operations without asking you to confirm each one.
1602 By turning this on and off during an operation you can use it like a pause
1603 button.
1604 \layout Description
1606 Yes answers yes to the question displayed in the log area.
1607 \layout Description
1609 No answers no to the question displayed in the log area.
1610 \layout Description
1612 Abort kills the current operation (if any) and closes the action window.
1613 \layout Standard
1615 You can control which actions get started automatically (without you having
1616 to click on Quiet at the start) from the Options window.
1617 \layout Subsubsection
1619 Action window options
1620 \layout Standard
1622 Some actions have options, which appear as option boxes at the bottom of
1623 the window.
1624 They are:
1625 \layout Itemize
1627 `Force' means that the filer won't treat non-writeable files as special.
1628 Normally, it confirms the deletion even if Quiet is pressed.
1629 Note that you still can't remove files from non-writeable directories because
1630 in that case you really don't have permission.
1631 \layout Itemize
1633 `Brief' prevents the filer logging a message every time it does something.
1634 Use this to speed things up if large numbers of messages are being logged.
1635 \layout Itemize
1637 `Recurse' means that doing something to a directory will also do the same
1638 thing to all its contents, and the contents of any subdirectories, and
1639 so on.
1640 \layout Subsection
1643 \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec: Searching}
1645 \end_inset
1647 Searching
1648 \layout Standard
1650 The Find feature looks through all the selected files and directories and
1651 any subdirectories (recursively) looking for items that match a particular
1652 expression.
1653 \layout Standard
1655 If you know the name of a file then just enter it in the `Expression:' box,
1656 enclosed in single quotes.
1657 For example, to find a file called `log' you would enter:
1658 \layout LyX-Code
1660 'log'
1661 \layout Standard
1663 Remember to use normal quotes, not double quotes (
1664 \family typewriter
1666 \begin_inset Quotes eld
1667 \end_inset
1670 \family default
1671 ) or back-quotes (
1672 \family typewriter
1673 `
1674 \family default
1675 )!
1676 \layout Standard
1678 As the filer finds matching files they are added to the results list.
1679 Clicking on an entry in the list opens a viewer showing the file you clicked
1680 on.
1681 The filer will use the same window to view other results (so, if you want
1682 the results shown in separate windows you must explicitly create a new
1683 window from the Window menu).
1684 \layout Subsubsection
1686 Wildcards
1687 \layout Standard
1689 You can also put shell-style wildcard characters inside the quotes, for
1690 example:
1691 \layout LyX-Code
1693 '*.html'
1694 \layout LyX-Code
1696 'Report.*'
1697 \layout LyX-Code
1699 'Draft[1-5]'
1700 \layout LyX-Code
1702 'main.[ch]'
1703 \layout Standard
1705 Look at the
1706 \family typewriter
1707 glob(7)
1708 \family default
1709 manpage if you want to know more about shell wildcards.
1710 \layout Standard
1712 If the pattern you enter contains a slash ('/') character then the pattern
1713 is matched against the file's full path, otherwise only the leafname is
1714 used.
1715 That is,
1716 \family typewriter
1717 '*tmp*'
1718 \family default
1719 will find 'tmp' and 'tmpfile' but not '/tmp/file' ---
1720 \family typewriter
1721 '/*tmp*'
1722 \family default
1723 will find all three.
1724 \layout Subsubsection
1726 Simple tests
1727 \layout Standard
1729 As well as finding files by their names you can also find them by various
1730 other attributes.
1731 Note that `file' is used here to mean anything that can appear in the filesyste
1732 m --- including directories, devices and so on.
1733 \layout Standard
1736 \latex latex
1738 \backslash
1739 smallskip
1740 \backslash
1741 noindent
1742 \latex default
1743 These look at the type of the item being checked:
1744 \layout Description
1746 IsReg matches any regular (ie, normal) file.
1747 \layout Description
1749 IsLink matches symlinks.
1750 \layout Description
1752 IsDir matches directories.
1753 \layout Description
1755 IsChar matches character device files.
1756 \layout Description
1758 IsBlock matches block device files.
1759 \layout Description
1761 IsDev matches block or character device files.
1762 \layout Description
1764 IsPipe matches pipes.
1765 \layout Description
1767 IsSocket matches sockets.
1768 \layout Standard
1770 These look at the permissions set on the file - see section
1771 \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec: Permissions}
1773 \end_inset
1775 .
1776 \layout Description
1778 IsSUID matches files which have the Set-UID bit set.
1779 \layout Description
1781 IsSGID matches files which have the Set-GID bit set.
1782 \layout Description
1784 IsSticky matches files with the sticky bit set,
1785 \layout Description
1787 IsReadable matches files which you can read from.
1788 \layout Description
1790 IsWriteable matches files which you can write to.
1791 \layout Description
1793 IsExecutable matches files which you can execute.
1794 \layout Standard
1796 And a couple of other useful ones:
1797 \layout Description
1799 IsEmpty finds empty files (ie, those whose length is 0 bytes).
1800 \layout Description
1802 IsMine finds files which you own.
1803 \layout Subsubsection
1805 Logic operators
1806 \layout Standard
1808 You can combine the above tests in various ways to perform more advanced
1809 searches.
1810 An expression is actually made up of a list of
1811 \emph on
1812 cases
1813 \emph toggle
1814 , separated by commas.
1815 The filer will try to match each case in turn until one matches or there
1816 are no more cases left.
1817 For example, to search for files with several possible endings:
1818 \layout LyX-Code
1820 '*.gif', '*.htm', '*.html'
1821 \layout Standard
1823 Further, each of the cases is actually a list of conditions.
1824 The case only matches if all of its conditions are met.
1825 So, to find a directory called
1826 \family typewriter
1827 lib
1828 \family default
1829 or a regular file ending in
1830 \family typewriter
1831 .so
1832 \family default
1833 :
1834 \layout LyX-Code
1836 IsDir 'lib', IsReg '*.so'
1837 \layout Standard
1839 You can negate a condition by putting a
1840 \family typewriter
1841 !
1842 \family default
1843 in front of it and you can use a sub-expression as a condition by bracketing
1844 it, like this:
1845 \layout LyX-Code
1847 ! (IsDir, IsReg)
1848 \layout LyX-Code
1850 !IsDir !IsReg
1851 \layout LyX-Code
1853 Not isdir and not isreg
1854 \layout Standard
1856 All three do the same thing.
1857 \layout Subsubsection
1859 Comparisons
1860 \layout Standard
1862 You can also compare various values using the operators
1863 \family typewriter
1864 <, <=, =, !=, >, >=
1865 \family default
1866 (for less-than, less-than-or-equal-to, equal-to, not-equal-to, greater-than
1867 and greater-than-or-equal-to).
1868 When comparing times, you may find it helpful to use
1869 \family typewriter
1870 after
1871 \family default
1872 and
1873 \family typewriter
1874 before
1875 \family default
1876 instead of
1877 \family typewriter
1878 >
1879 \family default
1880 and
1881 \family typewriter
1882 <
1883 \family default
1884 to make things clearer.
1885 \layout Standard
1887 The following are read from the file being checked and may be used for the
1888 values being compared:
1889 \layout Description
1891 atime The time that the file was last accessed.
1892 \layout Description
1894 ctime The time that the file's status was last changed.
1895 \layout Description
1897 mtime The time that the file's contents were last modified.
1898 \layout Description
1900 size The size of the file.
1901 \layout Description
1903 inode The file's inode (index) number
1904 \layout Description
1906 nlinks The number of links to this file (that is, the number of directory
1907 entries which refer to this file.
1908 Note that symlinks don't count as references).
1909 \layout Description
1911 uid The User ID of the file.
1912 \layout Description
1914 gid The Group ID of the file.
1915 \layout Description
1917 blocks The number of disk blocks being used by the file.
1918 \layout Standard
1920 Times are measured as seconds since the Unix Epoch (00:00:00 UTC, January
1921 1, 1970).
1922 Sizes are in bytes.
1923 When specifying constants to compare these values with you may use various
1924 keywords to scale the value:
1925 \layout Description
1927 Byte(s) has no effect, but looks better.
1928 \layout Description
1930 Kb multiplies by 1024, so 2Kb is the same as 2048.
1931 \layout Description
1933 Mb multiplies by
1934 \begin_inset Formula \( 1024^{2} \)
1935 \end_inset
1937 , ie 1024 Kb.
1938 \layout Description
1940 Sec(s) has no effect, but looks nice.
1941 \layout Description
1943 Min(s) multiplies by 60 to get minutes.
1944 \layout Description
1946 Hour(s),
1947 \protected_separator
1948 Day(s),
1949 \protected_separator
1950 Week(s),
1951 \protected_separator
1952 Year(s) likewise convert to the relevant unit.
1953 \layout Description
1955 Ago makes the time in the past relative to when the check is done.
1956 \layout Description
1958 Hence makes the time in the future.
1959 \layout Description
1961 Now is short for `
1962 \family typewriter
1963 0 Secs Hence
1964 \family default
1965 '.
1966 \layout Standard
1968 Some examples should make this all a bit clearer!
1969 \layout LyX-Code
1971 mtime after 1 day ago
1972 \layout LyX-Code
1974 size > 10 Mb
1975 \layout LyX-Code
1977 IsReg and nlinks > 1
1978 \layout Standard
1980 The first finds files modified within the last 24 hours.
1981 You could use
1982 \family typewriter
1983 >
1984 \family default
1985 instead of
1986 \family typewriter
1987 after,
1988 \family default
1989 but it's not so clear what is meant.
1990 The second finds files larger than 10 Mb and the last finds regular files
1991 with more than one directory entry.
1992 \layout Standard
1994 Be careful though --- the filer doesn't check the context of the modifiers,
1995 so
1996 \family typewriter
1997 size > 1 day ago
1998 \family default
1999 is allowed, although it doesn't make much sense! Also, forgetting to use
2001 \family typewriter
2002 ago
2003 \family default
2004 or
2005 \family typewriter
2006 hence
2007 \family default
2008 will cause odd effects (the time will be measured relative to the Epoch
2009 rather than the current time).
2010 Finally, don't use = with times ---
2011 \family typewriter
2012 atime = 1 day ago
2013 \family default
2014 looks for a file accessed
2015 \emph on
2016 exactly
2017 \emph toggle
2018 86400 seconds ago...
2019 \layout Subsubsection
2021 Specials
2022 \layout Description
2024 System(Command) executes `Command' on the file.
2025 The test succeeds if the command returns an exit status of zero.
2026 A `%' character in `Command' is replaced by the full path of the file being
2027 checked.
2028 System is a very slow test to perform, so do it last if possible.
2029 For example, if you're looking for a .c file containing the word `main',
2030 do
2031 \begin_deeper
2032 \layout LyX-Code
2034 '*.c' system(grep -q main
2035 \latex latex
2036 "
2037 \backslash
2038 thinspace{}
2039 \latex default
2040 %
2041 \latex latex
2043 \backslash
2044 thinspace{}"
2045 \latex default
2046 )
2047 \layout Standard
2049 so that the grep is only performed for files ending in .c (as opposed to
2050 only checking that the file ends in .c if it contains the word `main').
2051 \end_deeper
2052 \layout Description
2054 Prune Always fails!
2055 \begin_float footnote
2056 \layout Standard
2058 Note that this is the opposite of the
2059 \noun on
2060 find(1)
2061 \noun toggle
2062 command.
2063 \end_float
2064 However, if it gets evaluated at all then it prevents the filer from checking
2065 inside the current directory.
2066 Remember the order in which the filer checks the expression!
2067 \layout Standard
2069 Examples:
2070 \layout LyX-Code
2072 '*.old' system(echo rm %)
2073 \layout LyX-Code
2075 'src' prune, '*.c'
2076 \layout Standard
2078 The first displays a command to delete each file ending in
2079 \family typewriter
2080 .old
2081 \family default
2082 ; you can either paste the results into an xterm to execute them or run
2083 the search again without the
2084 \family typewriter
2085 echo
2086 \family default
2087 .
2088 It's always a good idea to use
2089 \family typewriter
2090 echo
2091 \family default
2092 first with dangerous commands! The second looks for
2093 \family typewriter
2094 .c
2095 \family default
2096 files, but does not bother checking inside directories called
2097 \family typewriter
2098 src
2099 \family default
2100 .
2101 The expression is evaluated like this:
2102 \layout Standard
2103 \added_space_top 0.3cm \added_space_bottom 0.3cm \align center
2105 \begin_inset Figure size 216 180
2106 file Prune.eps
2107 height 2 2.5
2108 flags 9
2110 \end_inset
2113 \layout Subsection
2115 Options
2116 \layout Standard
2118 You can configure various aspects of ROX-Filer from the Options box.
2119 Choose `Options...' from a filer window menu to open it.
2121 \layout Standard
2123 At the bottom of the window are four buttons:
2124 \layout Description
2126 Save puts all your choices into effect, and also saves them into your Choices
2127 directory for next time ROX-Filer is loaded.
2128 ROX-Filer will never save any preferences to disk unless you click on the
2129 `Save' button in the options window.
2130 Exactly where choices are loaded from and saved to is controlled by the
2132 \family typewriter
2133 CHOICESPATH
2134 \family default
2135 environment variable --- see
2136 \begin_inset LatexCommand \cite{Choices}
2138 \end_inset
2140 for details.
2141 \layout Description
2143 OK puts your choices into effect without writing anything to disk.
2144 \layout Description
2146 Apply works like OK, but without closing the Options window.
2147 \layout Description
2149 Cancel closes the options box and forgets any changes you made.
2150 \layout Subsubsection
2152 Action window options
2153 \layout Standard
2155 You can choose to start some operations automatically, without waiting for
2156 you to click on Quiet.
2157 Select each operation that you want to auto-start here.
2158 \layout Subsubsection
2160 Filer window options
2161 \layout Itemize
2163 `Ignore case when sorting' treats upper and lower case letters as equivalent
2164 when sorting.
2165 If this is off then `Zoo' comes before `animal', for example.
2166 \layout Itemize
2168 `New window on button 1' swaps the actions of the two non-menu buttons when
2169 opening directories.
2170 This is provided for people who are used to the RISC OS mouse bindings.
2171 \layout Itemize
2173 `Menu on button 2' swaps the actions of buttons 2 and 3 so that the middle
2174 button brings up the menus.
2175 This is provided for people who are used to the RISC OS mouse bindings.
2176 \layout Itemize
2178 `Single-click navigation' treats a single click over an item as if it was
2179 a double click.
2180 This allows you to move around, run applications and open files without
2181 double clicking.
2182 To select a file
2183 \emph on
2184 without
2185 \emph toggle
2186 opening it you must hold down CTRL while you click.
2187 \layout Itemize
2189 `Unique windows' prevents you from having two windows showing the same directory.
2190 Opening a second view onto a directory closes the first.
2191 \layout Itemize
2193 `Toolbar type for new windows' allows you to choose what kind of toolbar
2194 will be used for future filer windows (the currently open windows are not
2195 affected).
2196 None means that new windows will not have a toolbar, Normal provides a
2197 small bar of icons, and GNOME displays larger icons with textual labels
2198 and allows the bar to be detached from the window by dragging it.
2199 See section
2200 \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec: Toolbar}
2202 \end_inset
2204 for details.
2205 \layout Standard
2207 The last display style and sort type you chose will also be saved as the
2208 defaults for next time.
2209 \layout Subsubsection
2211 Drag-And-Drop options
2212 \layout Standard
2214 ROX-Filer uses the standard XDND protocol for drag-and-drop.
2215 This protocol recommends that URIs should contain the hostname of the computer
2216 that the resource is on so that the program receiving the data can determine
2217 whether it can get the data directly or whether it must go via the X-server.
2218 However, many older programs (particularly GNOME applications) get confused
2219 by the hostname and fail to load the data correctly.
2220 If `Don't use hostnames' is on then the hostname part is omitted and ROX-Filer
2221 will work with these applications BUT you can't drag data to a program
2222 running on a different machine.
2223 \layout Standard
2225 `Allow dragging to icons in filer windows' controls what happens when you
2226 drop files onto icons in filer windows.
2227 If on then drops onto directories will save the data inside the directory
2228 while dropping onto programs will invoke the program on that data.
2229 If off then drops anywhere inside a filer window act like drops onto the
2230 window background --- that is, the data will be saved into the directory
2231 being displayed.
2232 \layout Subsubsection
2234 Menu options
2235 \layout Standard
2237 The `Xterm here' program is the one used when you choose `Xterm here' from
2238 the menu.
2239 You can replace it with another program such as `gnome-terminal' if you
2240 like.
2241 In fact, any program will do, but note that you cannot pass any options
2242 to the program at present.
2243 \layout Section
2245 Filetypes
2246 \layout Standard
2248 ROX-Filer uses three sub-directories in your Choices directory for filetypes:
2249 \layout Description
2251 MIME-info contains files which specify what the MIME type for a file should
2252 be, based on its extention.
2253 All the files in all the MIME-info directories are scanned when the filer
2254 loads.
2255 In addition, ROX-Filer is now supplied with a file called `MIME-info' (inside
2256 its application directory), which is also scanned --- this allows new users
2257 to get started more easily.
2258 Many applications now come with a file called `something.mime'; copy these
2259 files into your MIME-info directory to make ROX-Filer automatically recognise
2260 the new extensions.
2261 \layout Description
2263 MIME-types contains symlinks, one for each MIME type, which point to programs
2264 that can handle files of that type.
2265 For example, to make opening an HTML file load it into Netscape:
2266 \begin_deeper
2267 \layout Enumerate
2269 Find the Netscape application and go to `Link...' on the menu.
2270 \layout Enumerate
2272 Enter `text_html' as the name for the link and drag the icon from the Link
2273 box into the MIME-types directory.
2274 \layout Standard
2276 You can also put actual programs in here as well as links if you want to.
2277 \end_deeper
2278 \layout Description
2280 MIME-icons contains the images used to display each type of file.
2281 So the filer will try to display an HTML file using the icon `MIME-icons/text_h
2282 tml.xpm'.
2283 \layout Standard
2285 Many sample files are supplied as part of the ROX desktop
2286 \begin_inset LatexCommand \cite{ROX}
2288 \end_inset
2290 .
2291 \layout Standard
2293 In both MIME-types and MIME-icons directories you can also provide default
2294 actions/images for each media type.
2295 For example, if `text_html' isn't found then the filer will try simply
2296 using `text'.
2297 \layout Section
2299 Application directories
2300 \layout Standard
2302 An application directory is a directory which can be run as an application.
2303 It contains all the resources of an application - source code, binaries,
2304 documentation and so on.
2305 Keeping everything in one place make installation and uninstallation much
2306 easier for users.
2307 You can also keep multiple versions of a program by simply having several
2308 application directories.
2309 You may move and rename them as you please.
2310 Application directories are easier to use and install and are more secure
2311 too
2312 \begin_float footnote
2313 \layout Standard
2315 Because you can compile an application as a user and then simply copy it
2316 as root rather than having to run an install script you are free from the
2317 danger of running untrusted code as root.
2318 All you have to watch out for is setuid binaries.
2319 \end_float
2320 .
2321 \layout Standard
2323 To make a directory executable all you need to do is create a executable
2324 file called `AppRun' inside it.
2325 This file is run when the user double-clicks on the application.
2326 You should also provide `AppIcon.xpm' (which will be used as the image for
2327 the application) and `Help' (which is a directory that is opened when the
2328 user asks for help).
2329 Have a look at the ROX-Filer application directory for a full example.
2330 \layout Section
2332 Internationalisation
2333 \layout Subsection
2336 \begin_inset LatexCommand \label{sec: LANG}
2338 \end_inset
2340 Selecting a translation
2341 \layout Standard
2343 ROX-Filer is able to translate many of its messages, provided suitable translati
2344 on files are provided.
2345 If you know that your language is supported then simply set the
2346 \family typewriter
2347 LANG
2348 \family default
2349 environment variable to the appropriate code for your country before starting
2350 the filer, eg:
2351 \layout LyX-Code
2353 LANG=fr; export LANG
2354 \layout LyX-Code
2356 ROX-Filer/AppRun
2357 \layout Standard
2359 To see which translations are currently provided, open the ROX-Filer application
2360 directory (hold down Shift and double-click) and look inside the `
2361 \family typewriter
2362 Messages
2363 \family default
2364 ' subdirectory.
2365 \layout Subsection
2367 Creating a new translation
2368 \layout Enumerate
2370 Go into the
2371 \family typewriter
2372 src
2373 \family default
2374 directory and create the file `
2375 \family typewriter
2376 messages.pot
2377 \family default
2378 ':
2379 \begin_deeper
2380 \layout LyX-Code
2382 $ cd ROX-Filer/src
2383 \layout LyX-Code
2385 $ make messages.pot
2386 \end_deeper
2387 \layout Enumerate
2389 Copy the file into the `
2390 \family typewriter
2391 po
2392 \family default
2393 ' subdirectory under
2394 \family typewriter
2395 src
2396 \family default
2397 as
2398 \begin_inset Formula \( \langle \hbox {name}\rangle \hbox {\tt .po} \)
2399 \end_inset
2401 .
2402 Eg, if your language is referred to as `ml' (`my language'):
2403 \begin_deeper
2404 \layout LyX-Code
2406 $ cp messages.pot po/ml.po
2407 \end_deeper
2408 \layout Enumerate
2410 Load the copy into a text editor.
2411 \layout Enumerate
2413 Fill in the translations, which are all blank to start with.
2414 \layout Enumerate
2416 Run the `
2417 \family typewriter
2418 make-mo
2419 \family default
2420 ' script to create the binary file which ROX-Filer can use.
2421 You will need the GNU gettext package for this.
2422 If you don't have it then just send me the
2423 \family typewriter
2424 .po
2425 \family default
2426 file and I'll convert it for you.
2427 \begin_deeper
2428 \layout LyX-Code
2430 $ cd ROX-Filer/src/po
2431 \layout LyX-Code
2433 $ ./make-mo ml
2434 \layout LyX-Code
2436 Created file ../../Messages/ml.gmo OK
2437 \end_deeper
2438 \layout Enumerate
2440 Set the LANG variable to `
2441 \family typewriter
2442 ml
2443 \family default
2444 ' and restart the filer (see section
2445 \begin_inset LatexCommand \ref{sec: LANG}
2447 \end_inset
2449 ).
2450 \layout Enumerate
2452 Submit the
2453 \family typewriter
2454 .po
2455 \family default
2456 file to me so that I can include it in future releases of the filer.
2457 \layout Subsection
2459 Updating an existing translation
2460 \layout Enumerate
2462 Go into the directory containing the
2463 \family typewriter
2464 .po
2465 \family default
2466 files and run the
2467 \family typewriter
2468 update-po
2469 \family default
2470 script.
2471 This checks the source code for new and changed strings and updates all
2472 the translation files.
2473 \begin_deeper
2474 \layout LyX-Code
2476 $ cd ROX-Filer/src/po
2477 \layout LyX-Code
2479 $ ./update-po
2480 \end_deeper
2481 \layout Enumerate
2483 Edit the file by hand as before, filling in the new blanks and updating
2484 out-of-date translations.
2485 Look out for `fuzzy' entries where
2486 \family typewriter
2487 update-po
2488 \family default
2489 has made a guess; check it's correct and remove the `fuzzy' line.
2490 \layout Enumerate
2492 Run
2493 \family typewriter
2494 make-mo
2495 \family default
2496 as before.
2497 \layout Enumerate
2499 Submit the updated file to me.
2500 \layout Standard
2502 See the
2503 \family typewriter
2504 gettext
2505 \family default
2506 info page for more instructions on creating a translation.
2507 \layout Section
2509 Hacking
2510 \layout Standard
2512 This is a quick start guide for people who want to modify the source code.
2513 If you make useful changes or fix bugs, please send patches to me or to
2514 the mailing list.
2515 Tell me which version you're using!
2516 \layout Subsection
2518 Compiling
2519 \layout Standard
2521 The first time you compile the program you need to do `
2522 \family typewriter
2523 AppRun --compile
2524 \family default
2525 ', but in future you only need to run `
2526 \family typewriter
2527 make
2528 \family default
2529 ' in the `
2530 \family typewriter
2531 src
2532 \family default
2533 ' directory when you change the
2534 \family typewriter
2535 .c
2536 \family default
2537 and
2538 \family typewriter
2539 .h
2540 \family default
2541 files.
2542 You might want to run `
2543 \family typewriter
2544 make depend
2545 \family default
2546 ' too.
2547 \layout Subsection
2549 Creating and applying patches
2550 \layout Standard
2552 When people make small modifications to the sources they will often distribute
2553 them as
2554 \emph on
2555 patch files
2556 \emph toggle
2557 --- usually on the mailing list.
2558 To apply a patch, go into the 'src' directory and run patch with the patch
2559 file.
2560 Then recompile, like this:
2561 \layout LyX-Code
2563 $ cd ROX-Filer/src
2564 \layout LyX-Code
2566 $ patch < patchfile
2567 \layout LyX-Code
2569 $ ../AppRun --compile
2570 \layout Standard
2572 You can remove the patch by simply repeating the above sequence - patch
2573 will detect that the patch is already applied and offer to remove it.
2574 To create a patch you need to take a copy of the old 'src' directory before
2575 you modify it (before you compile, even):
2576 \layout LyX-Code
2578 $ cd ROX-Filer
2579 \layout LyX-Code
2581 $ cp -r src old_src
2582 \layout Standard
2584 Now, modify and compile until it works they way you want it to.
2585 To make the patch:
2586 \layout LyX-Code
2588 $ cd ROX-Filer
2589 \layout LyX-Code
2591 $ diff -cr old_src src > my_patch
2592 \layout Standard
2594 This creates a human- and machine-readable patch file.
2595 Submit this to the mailing list.
2596 The are many reasons for posting patches rather that the modified files:
2597 \layout Itemize
2599 They are smaller, and hence shouldn't bounce.
2600 They are also quicker to download for people with slow connections.
2601 \layout Itemize
2603 People can see what they're getting into before applying them!
2604 \layout Itemize
2606 Patches can (usually) be applied to slightly modified versions of the sources.
2607 This means that people can apply several patches without each new one overwriti
2608 ng the others.
2609 \layout Subsection
2611 Autoconf
2612 \layout Standard
2614 Here's a quick explanation of the autoconf system in case you haven't used
2615 it before.
2616 See `info autoconf' for full details.
2617 \layout Standard
2619 There's a file called 'configure.in' which contains various tests (`info
2620 autoconf').
2621 You run `autoconf' and it reads through the file and generates a shell
2622 script to perform the tests, saving it as `configure'.
2623 `configure' is normally distributed with the program because not everyone
2624 has autoconf.
2625 \layout Standard
2627 You then run `configure' (in fact, let the `AppRun' script do it because
2628 it passes it some arguments), which performs all the tests.
2629 It reads in `Makefile.in' and `config.h.in' and fills in the missing values
2630 with the test results to produce `Makefile' and `config.h'.
2631 \layout Standard
2633 You run `make', which creates .o files from the .c files and links to produce
2634 ROX-Filer.
2635 \layout Subsection
2637 Data-structures
2638 \layout Standard
2640 The diagram below shows some of the major structures found in the filer
2641 along with their most important attributes and methods.
2642 Exactly which attributes have been included is a little hit-and-miss but
2643 it might help you get the overall picture.
2644 If you find it useful, please let me know and I'll try to keep it up-to-date
2645 (or even extend it!).
2646 \layout Standard
2648 To summarise, each window (or panel) has its own
2649 \series bold
2650 FilerWindow
2651 \series default
2652 structure.
2653 This structure has pointers to a
2654 \series bold
2655 Collection
2656 \series default
2657 (which is the widget which actually displays the files) and to a
2658 \series bold
2659 Directory
2660 \series default
2661 , which is used to cache the directory contents.
2662 Both
2663 \series bold
2664 Collection
2665 \series default
2666 and
2667 \series bold
2668 Directory
2669 \series default
2670 have pointers to (the same)
2671 \series bold
2672 DirItem
2673 \series default
2674 s, each of which corresponds to one filesystem object.
2675 Several
2676 \series bold
2677 FilerWindow
2678 \series default
2679 s may share the same
2680 \series bold
2681 Directory
2682 \series default
2683 .
2684 While scanning is in progress the
2685 \series bold
2686 Directory
2687 \series default
2688 keeps a list of the new items it has found (
2689 \emph on
2690 new_items
2691 \emph toggle
2692 ) and the items which have changed in some way (
2693 \emph on
2694 up_items
2695 \emph toggle
2696 ).
2697 It periodically notifies the filer window of the changes-so-far by calling
2698 all the functions in the
2699 \emph on
2700 users
2701 \emph toggle
2702 list (use
2703 \emph on
2704 attach()
2705 \emph toggle
2706 and
2707 \emph on
2708 detach()
2709 \emph toggle
2710 to add and remove functions to or from the list).
2711 \layout Standard
2712 \added_space_top 0.3cm \added_space_bottom 0.3cm \align center
2714 \begin_inset Figure size 595 604
2715 file Structs.eps
2716 width 3 100
2717 flags 9
2719 \end_inset
2722 \layout Bibliography
2723 \bibitem {ROX}
2726 \emph on
2727 The ROX desktop
2728 \emph toggle
2729 , <http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~tal197/rox.php3>
2730 \layout Bibliography
2731 \bibitem {GTK+}
2734 \emph on
2735 GTK+ Toolkit
2736 \emph toggle
2737 , <http://www.gtk.org>
2738 \layout Bibliography
2739 \bibitem {GNOME}
2742 \emph on
2743 The GNOME desktop
2744 \emph toggle
2745 , <http://www.gnome.org>
2746 \layout Bibliography
2747 \bibitem {DND}
2750 \emph on
2751 The Drag and Drop protocol
2752 \emph toggle
2753 , <http://www.its.caltech.edu/~jafl/xdnd/>
2754 \layout Bibliography
2755 \bibitem {XDS}
2758 \emph on
2759 The X Direct Save protocol
2760 \emph toggle
2761 , <http://www.its.caltech.edu/~jafl/xds/>
2762 \layout Bibliography
2763 \bibitem {Choices}
2766 \emph on
2767 The ROX Choices system
2768 \emph toggle
2769 , <http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~tal197/choices.php3>
2770 \layout Bibliography
2771 \bibitem {enlightenment}
2774 \emph on
2775 Enlightenment,
2776 \emph toggle
2777 <http://www.enlightenment.org>
2778 \layout Bibliography
2779 \bibitem {PODFUK}
2782 \emph on
2783 POrtable Dodgy Filesystems in Userland (hacK),
2784 \emph toggle
2785 <http://atrey.karlin.mff.cuni.cz/~pavel/podfuk/podfuk.html>
2786 \layout Bibliography
2787 \bibitem {ImLib}
2790 \emph on
2791 ImLib
2792 \emph toggle
2793 , <http://www.gnome.org>
2794 \the_end