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44 \brief The Q3MemArray class is a template class that provides arrays of simple types.
47 Q3MemArray is implemented as a template class. Define a template
48 instance Q3MemArray\<X\> to create an array that contains X items.
50 Q3MemArray stores the array elements directly in the array. It can
51 only deal with simple types (i.e. C++ types, structs, and classes
52 that have no constructors, destructors, or virtual functions).
53 Q3MemArray uses bitwise operations to copy and compare array
56 The Q3PtrVector collection class is also a kind of array. Like most
57 old Qt collection classes, it uses pointers to the contained items.
59 Q3MemArray uses explicit sharing with a
60 reference count. If more than one array shares common data and one
61 of the arrays is modified, all the arrays are modified.
63 The benefit of sharing is that a program does not need to duplicate
64 data when it is not required, which results in lower memory use
65 and less copying of data.
68 \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_q3memarray.qdoc 0
71 \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_q3memarray.qdoc 1
73 Note concerning the use of Q3MemArray for manipulating structs or
74 classes: Compilers will often pad the size of structs of odd sizes
75 up to the nearest word boundary. This will then be the size
76 Q3MemArray will use for its bitwise element comparisons. Because
77 the remaining bytes will typically be uninitialized, this can
78 cause find() etc. to fail to find the element. Example:
80 \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_q3memarray.qdoc 2
82 To work around this, make sure that you use a struct where
83 sizeof() returns the same as the sum of the sizes of the members
84 either by changing the types of the struct members or by adding
87 Q3MemArray data can be traversed by iterators (see begin() and
88 end()). The number of items is returned by count(). The array can
89 be resized with resize() and filled using fill().
91 You can make a shallow copy of the array with assign() (or
92 operator=()) and a deep copy with duplicate().
94 Search for values in the array with find() and contains(). For
95 sorted arrays (see sort()) you can search using bsearch().
97 You can set the data directly using setRawData() and
98 resetRawData(), although this requires care.
101 /*! \fn Q3MemArray::operator QVector<type>() const
103 Automatically converts the Q3MemArray<type> into a QVector<type>.
106 /*! \typedef Q3MemArray::Iterator
107 A Q3MemArray iterator.
110 /*! \typedef Q3MemArray::ConstIterator
111 A const Q3MemArray iterator.
114 /*! \typedef Q3MemArray::ValueType
119 \fn Q3MemArray::Q3MemArray()
121 Constructs a null array.
127 \fn Q3MemArray::Q3MemArray( int size )
129 Constructs an array with room for \a size elements. Makes a null
130 array if \a size == 0.
132 The elements are left uninitialized.
134 \sa resize(), isNull()
138 \fn Q3MemArray::Q3MemArray( const Q3MemArray<type> &a )
140 Constructs a shallow copy of \a a.
146 \fn Q3MemArray::Q3MemArray(const QVector<type> &vector)
148 Constructs a copy of \a vector.
152 \fn Q3MemArray::Q3MemArray(int arg1, int arg2)
154 Constructs an array \e{without allocating} array space. The
155 arguments \a arg1 and \a arg2 should be zero. Use at your own
160 \fn Q3MemArray::~Q3MemArray()
162 Dereferences the array data and deletes it if this was the last
167 \fn Q3MemArray<type> &Q3MemArray::operator=( const Q3MemArray<type> &a )
169 Assigns a shallow copy of \a a to this array and returns a
170 reference to this array.
172 Equivalent to assign( a ).
176 \fn type *Q3MemArray::data() const
178 Returns a pointer to the actual array data.
180 The array is a null array if data() == 0 (null pointer).
186 \fn uint Q3MemArray::nrefs() const
188 Returns the reference count for the shared array data. This
189 reference count is always greater than zero.
193 \fn uint Q3MemArray::size() const
195 Returns the size of the array (maximum number of elements).
197 The array is a null array if size() == 0.
199 \sa isNull(), resize()
203 \fn uint Q3MemArray::count() const
205 Returns the same as size().
211 \fn bool Q3MemArray::isEmpty() const
213 Returns TRUE if the array is empty; otherwise returns FALSE.
215 isEmpty() is equivalent to isNull() for Q3MemArray (unlike
220 \fn bool Q3MemArray::isNull() const
222 Returns TRUE if the array is null; otherwise returns FALSE.
224 A null array has size() == 0 and data() == 0.
228 \fn bool Q3MemArray::resize( uint size, Optimization optim )
230 Resizes (expands or shrinks) the array to \a size elements. The
231 array becomes a null array if \a size == 0.
233 Returns TRUE if successful, or FALSE if the memory cannot be
236 New elements are not initialized.
238 \a optim is either Q3GArray::MemOptim (the default) or
239 Q3GArray::SpeedOptim. When optimizing for speed rather than memory
240 consumption, the array uses a smart grow and shrink algorithm that
241 might allocate more memory than is actually needed for \a size
242 elements. This speeds up subsequent resize operations, for example
243 when appending many elements to an array, since the space has
244 already been allocated.
250 \fn bool Q3MemArray::resize( uint size )
254 Resizes (expands or shrinks) the array to \a size elements. The
255 array becomes a null array if \a size == 0.
257 Returns TRUE if successful, i.e. if the memory can be allocated;
258 otherwise returns FALSE.
260 New elements are not initialized.
266 \fn bool Q3MemArray::truncate( uint pos )
268 Truncates the array at position \a pos.
270 Returns TRUE if successful, i.e. if the memory can be allocated;
271 otherwise returns FALSE.
273 Equivalent to resize(\a pos).
279 \fn bool Q3MemArray::fill( const type &v, int size )
281 Fills the array with the value \a v. If \a size is specified as
282 different from -1, then the array will be resized before being
285 Returns TRUE if successful, i.e. if \a size is -1, or \a size is
286 != -1 and the memory can be allocated; otherwise returns FALSE.
292 \fn void Q3MemArray::detach()
294 Detaches this array from shared array data; i.e. it makes a
295 private, deep copy of the data.
297 Copying will be performed only if the \link nrefs() reference
298 count\endlink is greater than one.
304 \fn Q3MemArray<type> Q3MemArray::copy() const
306 Returns a deep copy of this array.
308 \sa detach(), duplicate()
312 \fn Q3MemArray<type> &Q3MemArray::assign( const Q3MemArray<type> &a )
314 Shallow copy. Dereferences the current array and references the
315 data contained in \a a instead. Returns a reference to this array.
321 \fn Q3MemArray<type> &Q3MemArray::assign( const type *data, uint size )
325 Shallow copy. Dereferences the current array and references the
326 array data \a data, which contains \a size elements. Returns a
327 reference to this array.
329 Do not delete \a data later; Q3MemArray will call free() on it
334 \fn Q3MemArray<type> &Q3MemArray::duplicate( const Q3MemArray<type> &a )
336 Deep copy. Dereferences the current array and obtains a copy of
337 the data contained in \a a instead. Returns a reference to this
344 \fn Q3MemArray<type> &Q3MemArray::duplicate( const type *data, uint size )
348 Deep copy. Dereferences the current array and obtains a copy of
349 the array data \a data instead. Returns a reference to this array.
350 The size of the array is given by \a size.
356 \fn Q3MemArray<type> &Q3MemArray::setRawData( const type *data, uint size )
358 Sets raw data and returns a reference to the array.
360 Dereferences the current array and sets the new array data to \a
361 data and the new array size to \a size. Do not attempt to resize
362 or re-assign the array data when raw data has been set. Call
363 resetRawData(\a data, \a size) to reset the array.
365 Setting raw data is useful because it sets Q3MemArray data without
366 allocating memory or copying data.
368 Example I (intended use):
369 \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_q3memarray.qdoc 3
371 Example II (you don't want to do this):
372 \snippet doc/src/snippets/code/doc_src_q3memarray.qdoc 4
374 \warning If you do not call resetRawData(), Q3MemArray will attempt
375 to deallocate or reallocate the raw data, which might not be too
382 \fn void Q3MemArray::resetRawData( const type *data, uint size )
384 Removes internal references to the raw data that was set using
385 setRawData(). This means that Q3MemArray no longer has access to
386 the \a data, so you are free to manipulate \a data as you wish.
387 You can now use the Q3MemArray without affecting the original \a
388 data, for example by calling setRawData() with a pointer to some
391 The arguments must be the \a data and length, \a size, that were
392 passed to setRawData(). This is for consistency checking.
398 \fn int Q3MemArray::find( const type &v, uint index ) const
400 Finds the first occurrence of \a v, starting at position \a index.
402 Returns the position of \a v, or -1 if \a v could not be found.
408 \fn int Q3MemArray::contains( const type &v ) const
410 Returns the number of times \a v occurs in the array.
416 \fn void Q3MemArray::sort()
418 Sorts the array elements in ascending order, using bitwise
419 comparison (memcmp()).
425 \fn int Q3MemArray::bsearch( const type &v ) const
427 In a sorted array (as sorted by sort()), finds the first
428 occurrence of \a v by using a binary search. For a sorted
429 array this is generally much faster than find(), which does
432 Returns the position of \a v, or -1 if \a v could not be found.
438 \fn type &Q3MemArray::operator[]( int index ) const
440 Returns a reference to the element at position \a index in the
443 This can be used to both read and set an element. Equivalent to
450 \fn type &Q3MemArray::at( uint index ) const
452 Returns a reference to the element at position \a index in the array.
454 This can be used to both read and set an element.
460 \fn Q3MemArray::operator const type *() const
462 Cast operator. Returns a pointer to the array.
468 \fn bool Q3MemArray::operator==( const Q3MemArray<type> &a ) const
470 Returns TRUE if this array is equal to \a a; otherwise returns
473 The two arrays are compared bitwise.
479 \fn bool Q3MemArray::operator!=( const Q3MemArray<type> &a ) const
481 Returns TRUE if this array is different from \a a; otherwise
484 The two arrays are compared bitwise.
490 \fn Iterator Q3MemArray::begin()
492 Returns an iterator pointing at the beginning of this array. This
493 iterator can be used in the same way as the iterators of
494 Q3ValueList and QMap, for example.
498 \fn Iterator Q3MemArray::end()
500 Returns an iterator pointing behind the last element of this
501 array. This iterator can be used in the same way as the iterators
502 of Q3ValueList and QMap, for example.
506 \fn ConstIterator Q3MemArray::begin() const
510 Returns a const iterator pointing at the beginning of this array.
511 This iterator can be used in the same way as the iterators of
512 Q3ValueList and QMap, for example.
516 \fn ConstIterator Q3MemArray::end() const
520 Returns a const iterator pointing behind the last element of this
521 array. This iterator can be used in the same way as the iterators
522 of Q3ValueList and QMap, for example.