qemu-io-cmds.c

   1 /*
   2  * Command line utility to exercise the QEMU I/O path.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2009 Red Hat, Inc.
   5  * Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
   6  *
   7  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
   8  * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
   9  */
  10
  11 #include "qemu-io.h"
  12 #include "block/block_int.h"
  13 #include "block/qapi.h"
  14 #include "qemu/main-loop.h"
  15
  16 #define CMD_NOFILE_OK   0x01
  17
  18 int qemuio_misalign;
  19
  20 static cmdinfo_t *cmdtab;
  21 static int ncmds;
  22
  23 static int compare_cmdname(const void *a, const void *b)
  24 {
  25     return strcmp(((const cmdinfo_t *)a)->name,
  26                   ((const cmdinfo_t *)b)->name);
  27 }
  28
  29 void qemuio_add_command(const cmdinfo_t *ci)
  30 {
  31     cmdtab = g_realloc(cmdtab, ++ncmds * sizeof(*cmdtab));
  32     cmdtab[ncmds - 1] = *ci;
  33     qsort(cmdtab, ncmds, sizeof(*cmdtab), compare_cmdname);
  34 }
  35
  36 int qemuio_command_usage(const cmdinfo_t *ci)
  37 {
  38     printf("%s %s -- %s\n", ci->name, ci->args, ci->oneline);
  39     return 0;
  40 }
  41
  42 static int init_check_command(BlockDriverState *bs, const cmdinfo_t *ct)
  43 {
  44     if (ct->flags & CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL) {
  45         return 1;
  46     }
  47     if (!(ct->flags & CMD_NOFILE_OK) && !bs) {
  48         fprintf(stderr, "no file open, try 'help open'\n");
  49         return 0;
  50     }
  51     return 1;
  52 }
  53
  54 static int command(BlockDriverState *bs, const cmdinfo_t *ct, int argc,
  55                    char **argv)
  56 {
  57     char *cmd = argv[0];
  58
  59     if (!init_check_command(bs, ct)) {
  60         return 0;
  61     }
  62
  63     if (argc - 1 < ct->argmin || (ct->argmax != -1 && argc - 1 > ct->argmax)) {
  64         if (ct->argmax == -1) {
  65             fprintf(stderr,
  66                     "bad argument count %d to %s, expected at least %d arguments\n",
  67                     argc-1, cmd, ct->argmin);
  68         } else if (ct->argmin == ct->argmax) {
  69             fprintf(stderr,
  70                     "bad argument count %d to %s, expected %d arguments\n",
  71                     argc-1, cmd, ct->argmin);
  72         } else {
  73             fprintf(stderr,
  74                     "bad argument count %d to %s, expected between %d and %d arguments\n",
  75                     argc-1, cmd, ct->argmin, ct->argmax);
  76         }
  77         return 0;
  78     }
  79     optind = 0;
  80     return ct->cfunc(bs, argc, argv);
  81 }
  82
  83 static const cmdinfo_t *find_command(const char *cmd)
  84 {
  85     cmdinfo_t *ct;
  86
  87     for (ct = cmdtab; ct < &cmdtab[ncmds]; ct++) {
  88         if (strcmp(ct->name, cmd) == 0 ||
  89             (ct->altname && strcmp(ct->altname, cmd) == 0))
  90         {
  91             return (const cmdinfo_t *)ct;
  92         }
  93     }
  94     return NULL;
  95 }
  96
  97 static char **breakline(char *input, int *count)
  98 {
  99     int c = 0;
 100     char *p;
 101     char **rval = g_malloc0(sizeof(char *));
 102     char **tmp;
 103
 104     while (rval && (p = qemu_strsep(&input, " ")) != NULL) {
 105         if (!*p) {
 106             continue;
 107         }
 108         c++;
 109         tmp = g_realloc(rval, sizeof(*rval) * (c + 1));
 110         if (!tmp) {
 111             g_free(rval);
 112             rval = NULL;
 113             c = 0;
 114             break;
 115         } else {
 116             rval = tmp;
 117         }
 118         rval[c - 1] = p;
 119         rval[c] = NULL;
 120     }
 121     *count = c;
 122     return rval;
 123 }
 124
 125 static int64_t cvtnum(const char *s)
 126 {
 127     char *end;
 128     return strtosz_suffix(s, &end, STRTOSZ_DEFSUFFIX_B);
 129 }
 130
 131 #define EXABYTES(x)     ((long long)(x) << 60)
 132 #define PETABYTES(x)    ((long long)(x) << 50)
 133 #define TERABYTES(x)    ((long long)(x) << 40)
 134 #define GIGABYTES(x)    ((long long)(x) << 30)
 135 #define MEGABYTES(x)    ((long long)(x) << 20)
 136 #define KILOBYTES(x)    ((long long)(x) << 10)
 137
 138 #define TO_EXABYTES(x)  ((x) / EXABYTES(1))
 139 #define TO_PETABYTES(x) ((x) / PETABYTES(1))
 140 #define TO_TERABYTES(x) ((x) / TERABYTES(1))
 141 #define TO_GIGABYTES(x) ((x) / GIGABYTES(1))
 142 #define TO_MEGABYTES(x) ((x) / MEGABYTES(1))
 143 #define TO_KILOBYTES(x) ((x) / KILOBYTES(1))
 144
 145 static void cvtstr(double value, char *str, size_t size)
 146 {
 147     char *trim;
 148     const char *suffix;
 149
 150     if (value >= EXABYTES(1)) {
 151         suffix = " EiB";
 152         snprintf(str, size - 4, "%.3f", TO_EXABYTES(value));
 153     } else if (value >= PETABYTES(1)) {
 154         suffix = " PiB";
 155         snprintf(str, size - 4, "%.3f", TO_PETABYTES(value));
 156     } else if (value >= TERABYTES(1)) {
 157         suffix = " TiB";
 158         snprintf(str, size - 4, "%.3f", TO_TERABYTES(value));
 159     } else if (value >= GIGABYTES(1)) {
 160         suffix = " GiB";
 161         snprintf(str, size - 4, "%.3f", TO_GIGABYTES(value));
 162     } else if (value >= MEGABYTES(1)) {
 163         suffix = " MiB";
 164         snprintf(str, size - 4, "%.3f", TO_MEGABYTES(value));
 165     } else if (value >= KILOBYTES(1)) {
 166         suffix = " KiB";
 167         snprintf(str, size - 4, "%.3f", TO_KILOBYTES(value));
 168     } else {
 169         suffix = " bytes";
 170         snprintf(str, size - 6, "%f", value);
 171     }
 172
 173     trim = strstr(str, ".000");
 174     if (trim) {
 175         strcpy(trim, suffix);
 176     } else {
 177         strcat(str, suffix);
 178     }
 179 }
 180
 181
 182
 183 static struct timeval tsub(struct timeval t1, struct timeval t2)
 184 {
 185     t1.tv_usec -= t2.tv_usec;
 186     if (t1.tv_usec < 0) {
 187         t1.tv_usec += 1000000;
 188         t1.tv_sec--;
 189     }
 190     t1.tv_sec -= t2.tv_sec;
 191     return t1;
 192 }
 193
 194 static double tdiv(double value, struct timeval tv)
 195 {
 196     return value / ((double)tv.tv_sec + ((double)tv.tv_usec / 1000000.0));
 197 }
 198
 199 #define HOURS(sec)      ((sec) / (60 * 60))
 200 #define MINUTES(sec)    (((sec) % (60 * 60)) / 60)
 201 #define SECONDS(sec)    ((sec) % 60)
 202
 203 enum {
 204     DEFAULT_TIME        = 0x0,
 205     TERSE_FIXED_TIME    = 0x1,
 206     VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME  = 0x2,
 207 };
 208
 209 static void timestr(struct timeval *tv, char *ts, size_t size, int format)
 210 {
 211     double usec = (double)tv->tv_usec / 1000000.0;
 212
 213     if (format & TERSE_FIXED_TIME) {
 214         if (!HOURS(tv->tv_sec)) {
 215             snprintf(ts, size, "%u:%02u.%02u",
 216                     (unsigned int) MINUTES(tv->tv_sec),
 217                     (unsigned int) SECONDS(tv->tv_sec),
 218                     (unsigned int) (usec * 100));
 219             return;
 220         }
 221         format |= VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME; /* fallback if hours needed */
 222     }
 223
 224     if ((format & VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME) || tv->tv_sec) {
 225         snprintf(ts, size, "%u:%02u:%02u.%02u",
 226                 (unsigned int) HOURS(tv->tv_sec),
 227                 (unsigned int) MINUTES(tv->tv_sec),
 228                 (unsigned int) SECONDS(tv->tv_sec),
 229                 (unsigned int) (usec * 100));
 230     } else {
 231         snprintf(ts, size, "0.%04u sec", (unsigned int) (usec * 10000));
 232     }
 233 }
 234
 235 /*
 236  * Parse the pattern argument to various sub-commands.
 237  *
 238  * Because the pattern is used as an argument to memset it must evaluate
 239  * to an unsigned integer that fits into a single byte.
 240  */
 241 static int parse_pattern(const char *arg)
 242 {
 243     char *endptr = NULL;
 244     long pattern;
 245
 246     pattern = strtol(arg, &endptr, 0);
 247     if (pattern < 0 || pattern > UCHAR_MAX || *endptr != '\0') {
 248         printf("%s is not a valid pattern byte\n", arg);
 249         return -1;
 250     }
 251
 252     return pattern;
 253 }
 254
 255 /*
 256  * Memory allocation helpers.
 257  *
 258  * Make sure memory is aligned by default, or purposefully misaligned if
 259  * that is specified on the command line.
 260  */
 261
 262 #define MISALIGN_OFFSET     16
 263 static void *qemu_io_alloc(BlockDriverState *bs, size_t len, int pattern)
 264 {
 265     void *buf;
 266
 267     if (qemuio_misalign) {
 268         len += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
 269     }
 270     buf = qemu_blockalign(bs, len);
 271     memset(buf, pattern, len);
 272     if (qemuio_misalign) {
 273         buf += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
 274     }
 275     return buf;
 276 }
 277
 278 static void qemu_io_free(void *p)
 279 {
 280     if (qemuio_misalign) {
 281         p -= MISALIGN_OFFSET;
 282     }
 283     qemu_vfree(p);
 284 }
 285
 286 static void dump_buffer(const void *buffer, int64_t offset, int len)
 287 {
 288     int i, j;
 289     const uint8_t *p;
 290
 291     for (i = 0, p = buffer; i < len; i += 16) {
 292         const uint8_t *s = p;
 293
 294         printf("%08" PRIx64 ":  ", offset + i);
 295         for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, p++) {
 296             printf("%02x ", *p);
 297         }
 298         printf(" ");
 299         for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, s++) {
 300             if (isalnum(*s)) {
 301                 printf("%c", *s);
 302             } else {
 303                 printf(".");
 304             }
 305         }
 306         printf("\n");
 307     }
 308 }
 309
 310 static void print_report(const char *op, struct timeval *t, int64_t offset,
 311                          int count, int total, int cnt, int Cflag)
 312 {
 313     char s1[64], s2[64], ts[64];
 314
 315     timestr(t, ts, sizeof(ts), Cflag ? VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME : 0);
 316     if (!Cflag) {
 317         cvtstr((double)total, s1, sizeof(s1));
 318         cvtstr(tdiv((double)total, *t), s2, sizeof(s2));
 319         printf("%s %d/%d bytes at offset %" PRId64 "\n",
 320                op, total, count, offset);
 321         printf("%s, %d ops; %s (%s/sec and %.4f ops/sec)\n",
 322                s1, cnt, ts, s2, tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
 323     } else {/* bytes,ops,time,bytes/sec,ops/sec */
 324         printf("%d,%d,%s,%.3f,%.3f\n",
 325             total, cnt, ts,
 326             tdiv((double)total, *t),
 327             tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
 328     }
 329 }
 330
 331 /*
 332  * Parse multiple length statements for vectored I/O, and construct an I/O
 333  * vector matching it.
 334  */
 335 static void *
 336 create_iovec(BlockDriverState *bs, QEMUIOVector *qiov, char **argv, int nr_iov,
 337              int pattern)
 338 {
 339     size_t *sizes = g_new0(size_t, nr_iov);
 340     size_t count = 0;
 341     void *buf = NULL;
 342     void *p;
 343     int i;
 344
 345     for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
 346         char *arg = argv[i];
 347         int64_t len;
 348
 349         len = cvtnum(arg);
 350         if (len < 0) {
 351             printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", arg);
 352             goto fail;
 353         }
 354
 355         /* should be SIZE_T_MAX, but that doesn't exist */
 356         if (len > INT_MAX) {
 357             printf("too large length argument -- %s\n", arg);
 358             goto fail;
 359         }
 360
 361         if (len & 0x1ff) {
 362             printf("length argument %" PRId64
 363                    " is not sector aligned\n", len);
 364             goto fail;
 365         }
 366
 367         sizes[i] = len;
 368         count += len;
 369     }
 370
 371     qemu_iovec_init(qiov, nr_iov);
 372
 373     buf = p = qemu_io_alloc(bs, count, pattern);
 374
 375     for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
 376         qemu_iovec_add(qiov, p, sizes[i]);
 377         p += sizes[i];
 378     }
 379
 380 fail:
 381     g_free(sizes);
 382     return buf;
 383 }
 384
 385 static int do_read(BlockDriverState *bs, char *buf, int64_t offset, int count,
 386                    int *total)
 387 {
 388     int ret;
 389
 390     ret = bdrv_read(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9);
 391     if (ret < 0) {
 392         return ret;
 393     }
 394     *total = count;
 395     return 1;
 396 }
 397
 398 static int do_write(BlockDriverState *bs, char *buf, int64_t offset, int count,
 399                     int *total)
 400 {
 401     int ret;
 402
 403     ret = bdrv_write(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9);
 404     if (ret < 0) {
 405         return ret;
 406     }
 407     *total = count;
 408     return 1;
 409 }
 410
 411 static int do_pread(BlockDriverState *bs, char *buf, int64_t offset, int count,
 412                     int *total)
 413 {
 414     *total = bdrv_pread(bs, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, count);
 415     if (*total < 0) {
 416         return *total;
 417     }
 418     return 1;
 419 }
 420
 421 static int do_pwrite(BlockDriverState *bs, char *buf, int64_t offset, int count,
 422                      int *total)
 423 {
 424     *total = bdrv_pwrite(bs, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, count);
 425     if (*total < 0) {
 426         return *total;
 427     }
 428     return 1;
 429 }
 430
 431 typedef struct {
 432     BlockDriverState *bs;
 433     int64_t offset;
 434     int count;
 435     int *total;
 436     int ret;
 437     bool done;
 438 } CoWriteZeroes;
 439
 440 static void coroutine_fn co_write_zeroes_entry(void *opaque)
 441 {
 442     CoWriteZeroes *data = opaque;
 443
 444     data->ret = bdrv_co_write_zeroes(data->bs, data->offset / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
 445                                      data->count / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
 446     data->done = true;
 447     if (data->ret < 0) {
 448         *data->total = data->ret;
 449         return;
 450     }
 451
 452     *data->total = data->count;
 453 }
 454
 455 static int do_co_write_zeroes(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t offset, int count,
 456                               int *total)
 457 {
 458     Coroutine *co;
 459     CoWriteZeroes data = {
 460         .bs     = bs,
 461         .offset = offset,
 462         .count  = count,
 463         .total  = total,
 464         .done   = false,
 465     };
 466
 467     co = qemu_coroutine_create(co_write_zeroes_entry);
 468     qemu_coroutine_enter(co, &data);
 469     while (!data.done) {
 470         qemu_aio_wait();
 471     }
 472     if (data.ret < 0) {
 473         return data.ret;
 474     } else {
 475         return 1;
 476     }
 477 }
 478
 479 static int do_write_compressed(BlockDriverState *bs, char *buf, int64_t offset,
 480                                int count, int *total)
 481 {
 482     int ret;
 483
 484     ret = bdrv_write_compressed(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9);
 485     if (ret < 0) {
 486         return ret;
 487     }
 488     *total = count;
 489     return 1;
 490 }
 491
 492 static int do_load_vmstate(BlockDriverState *bs, char *buf, int64_t offset,
 493                            int count, int *total)
 494 {
 495     *total = bdrv_load_vmstate(bs, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
 496     if (*total < 0) {
 497         return *total;
 498     }
 499     return 1;
 500 }
 501
 502 static int do_save_vmstate(BlockDriverState *bs, char *buf, int64_t offset,
 503                            int count, int *total)
 504 {
 505     *total = bdrv_save_vmstate(bs, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
 506     if (*total < 0) {
 507         return *total;
 508     }
 509     return 1;
 510 }
 511
 512 #define NOT_DONE 0x7fffffff
 513 static void aio_rw_done(void *opaque, int ret)
 514 {
 515     *(int *)opaque = ret;
 516 }
 517
 518 static int do_aio_readv(BlockDriverState *bs, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
 519                         int64_t offset, int *total)
 520 {
 521     int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
 522
 523     bdrv_aio_readv(bs, offset >> 9, qiov, qiov->size >> 9,
 524                    aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
 525     while (async_ret == NOT_DONE) {
 526         main_loop_wait(false);
 527     }
 528
 529     *total = qiov->size;
 530     return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
 531 }
 532
 533 static int do_aio_writev(BlockDriverState *bs, QEMUIOVector *qiov,
 534                          int64_t offset, int *total)
 535 {
 536     int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
 537
 538     bdrv_aio_writev(bs, offset >> 9, qiov, qiov->size >> 9,
 539                     aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
 540     while (async_ret == NOT_DONE) {
 541         main_loop_wait(false);
 542     }
 543
 544     *total = qiov->size;
 545     return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
 546 }
 547
 548 struct multiwrite_async_ret {
 549     int num_done;
 550     int error;
 551 };
 552
 553 static void multiwrite_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
 554 {
 555     struct multiwrite_async_ret *async_ret = opaque;
 556
 557     async_ret->num_done++;
 558     if (ret < 0) {
 559         async_ret->error = ret;
 560     }
 561 }
 562
 563 static int do_aio_multiwrite(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockRequest* reqs,
 564                              int num_reqs, int *total)
 565 {
 566     int i, ret;
 567     struct multiwrite_async_ret async_ret = {
 568         .num_done = 0,
 569         .error = 0,
 570     };
 571
 572     *total = 0;
 573     for (i = 0; i < num_reqs; i++) {
 574         reqs[i].cb = multiwrite_cb;
 575         reqs[i].opaque = &async_ret;
 576         *total += reqs[i].qiov->size;
 577     }
 578
 579     ret = bdrv_aio_multiwrite(bs, reqs, num_reqs);
 580     if (ret < 0) {
 581         return ret;
 582     }
 583
 584     while (async_ret.num_done < num_reqs) {
 585         main_loop_wait(false);
 586     }
 587
 588     return async_ret.error < 0 ? async_ret.error : 1;
 589 }
 590
 591 static void read_help(void)
 592 {
 593     printf(
 594 "\n"
 595 " reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
 596 "\n"
 597 " Example:\n"
 598 " 'read -v 512 1k' - dumps 1 kilobyte read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
 599 "\n"
 600 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
 601 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
 602 " -b, -- read from the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
 603 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 604 " -l, -- length for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
 605 " -p, -- use bdrv_pread to read the file\n"
 606 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
 607 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
 608 " -s, -- start offset for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
 609 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
 610 "\n");
 611 }
 612
 613 static int read_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv);
 614
 615 static const cmdinfo_t read_cmd = {
 616     .name       = "read",
 617     .altname    = "r",
 618     .cfunc      = read_f,
 619     .argmin     = 2,
 620     .argmax     = -1,
 621     .args       = "[-abCpqv] [-P pattern [-s off] [-l len]] off len",
 622     .oneline    = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
 623     .help       = read_help,
 624 };
 625
 626 static int read_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
 627 {
 628     struct timeval t1, t2;
 629     int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0, vflag = 0;
 630     int Pflag = 0, sflag = 0, lflag = 0, bflag = 0;
 631     int c, cnt;
 632     char *buf;
 633     int64_t offset;
 634     int count;
 635     /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
 636     int total = 0;
 637     int pattern = 0, pattern_offset = 0, pattern_count = 0;
 638
 639     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bCl:pP:qs:v")) != EOF) {
 640         switch (c) {
 641         case 'b':
 642             bflag = 1;
 643             break;
 644         case 'C':
 645             Cflag = 1;
 646             break;
 647         case 'l':
 648             lflag = 1;
 649             pattern_count = cvtnum(optarg);
 650             if (pattern_count < 0) {
 651                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", optarg);
 652                 return 0;
 653             }
 654             break;
 655         case 'p':
 656             pflag = 1;
 657             break;
 658         case 'P':
 659             Pflag = 1;
 660             pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
 661             if (pattern < 0) {
 662                 return 0;
 663             }
 664             break;
 665         case 'q':
 666             qflag = 1;
 667             break;
 668         case 's':
 669             sflag = 1;
 670             pattern_offset = cvtnum(optarg);
 671             if (pattern_offset < 0) {
 672                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", optarg);
 673                 return 0;
 674             }
 675             break;
 676         case 'v':
 677             vflag = 1;
 678             break;
 679         default:
 680             return qemuio_command_usage(&read_cmd);
 681         }
 682     }
 683
 684     if (optind != argc - 2) {
 685         return qemuio_command_usage(&read_cmd);
 686     }
 687
 688     if (bflag && pflag) {
 689         printf("-b and -p cannot be specified at the same time\n");
 690         return 0;
 691     }
 692
 693     offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 694     if (offset < 0) {
 695         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 696         return 0;
 697     }
 698
 699     optind++;
 700     count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 701     if (count < 0) {
 702         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 703         return 0;
 704     }
 705
 706     if (!Pflag && (lflag || sflag)) {
 707         return qemuio_command_usage(&read_cmd);
 708     }
 709
 710     if (!lflag) {
 711         pattern_count = count - pattern_offset;
 712     }
 713
 714     if ((pattern_count < 0) || (pattern_count + pattern_offset > count))  {
 715         printf("pattern verification range exceeds end of read data\n");
 716         return 0;
 717     }
 718
 719     if (!pflag) {
 720         if (offset & 0x1ff) {
 721             printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
 722                    offset);
 723             return 0;
 724         }
 725         if (count & 0x1ff) {
 726             printf("count %d is not sector aligned\n",
 727                    count);
 728             return 0;
 729         }
 730     }
 731
 732     buf = qemu_io_alloc(bs, count, 0xab);
 733
 734     gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
 735     if (pflag) {
 736         cnt = do_pread(bs, buf, offset, count, &total);
 737     } else if (bflag) {
 738         cnt = do_load_vmstate(bs, buf, offset, count, &total);
 739     } else {
 740         cnt = do_read(bs, buf, offset, count, &total);
 741     }
 742     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 743
 744     if (cnt < 0) {
 745         printf("read failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
 746         goto out;
 747     }
 748
 749     if (Pflag) {
 750         void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(pattern_count);
 751         memset(cmp_buf, pattern, pattern_count);
 752         if (memcmp(buf + pattern_offset, cmp_buf, pattern_count)) {
 753             printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
 754                    PRId64 ", %d bytes\n",
 755                    offset + pattern_offset, pattern_count);
 756         }
 757         g_free(cmp_buf);
 758     }
 759
 760     if (qflag) {
 761         goto out;
 762     }
 763
 764     if (vflag) {
 765         dump_buffer(buf, offset, count);
 766     }
 767
 768     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 769     t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
 770     print_report("read", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
 771
 772 out:
 773     qemu_io_free(buf);
 774
 775     return 0;
 776 }
 777
 778 static void readv_help(void)
 779 {
 780     printf(
 781 "\n"
 782 " reads a range of bytes from the given offset into multiple buffers\n"
 783 "\n"
 784 " Example:\n"
 785 " 'readv -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
 786 "\n"
 787 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
 788 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
 789 " Uses multiple iovec buffers if more than one byte range is specified.\n"
 790 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 791 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
 792 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
 793 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
 794 "\n");
 795 }
 796
 797 static int readv_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv);
 798
 799 static const cmdinfo_t readv_cmd = {
 800     .name       = "readv",
 801     .cfunc      = readv_f,
 802     .argmin     = 2,
 803     .argmax     = -1,
 804     .args       = "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
 805     .oneline    = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
 806     .help       = readv_help,
 807 };
 808
 809 static int readv_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
 810 {
 811     struct timeval t1, t2;
 812     int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0, vflag = 0;
 813     int c, cnt;
 814     char *buf;
 815     int64_t offset;
 816     /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
 817     int total = 0;
 818     int nr_iov;
 819     QEMUIOVector qiov;
 820     int pattern = 0;
 821     int Pflag = 0;
 822
 823     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != EOF) {
 824         switch (c) {
 825         case 'C':
 826             Cflag = 1;
 827             break;
 828         case 'P':
 829             Pflag = 1;
 830             pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
 831             if (pattern < 0) {
 832                 return 0;
 833             }
 834             break;
 835         case 'q':
 836             qflag = 1;
 837             break;
 838         case 'v':
 839             vflag = 1;
 840             break;
 841         default:
 842             return qemuio_command_usage(&readv_cmd);
 843         }
 844     }
 845
 846     if (optind > argc - 2) {
 847         return qemuio_command_usage(&readv_cmd);
 848     }
 849
 850
 851     offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 852     if (offset < 0) {
 853         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 854         return 0;
 855     }
 856     optind++;
 857
 858     if (offset & 0x1ff) {
 859         printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
 860                offset);
 861         return 0;
 862     }
 863
 864     nr_iov = argc - optind;
 865     buf = create_iovec(bs, &qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
 866     if (buf == NULL) {
 867         return 0;
 868     }
 869
 870     gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
 871     cnt = do_aio_readv(bs, &qiov, offset, &total);
 872     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 873
 874     if (cnt < 0) {
 875         printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
 876         goto out;
 877     }
 878
 879     if (Pflag) {
 880         void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(qiov.size);
 881         memset(cmp_buf, pattern, qiov.size);
 882         if (memcmp(buf, cmp_buf, qiov.size)) {
 883             printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
 884                    PRId64 ", %zd bytes\n", offset, qiov.size);
 885         }
 886         g_free(cmp_buf);
 887     }
 888
 889     if (qflag) {
 890         goto out;
 891     }
 892
 893     if (vflag) {
 894         dump_buffer(buf, offset, qiov.size);
 895     }
 896
 897     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 898     t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
 899     print_report("read", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
 900
 901 out:
 902     qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiov);
 903     qemu_io_free(buf);
 904     return 0;
 905 }
 906
 907 static void write_help(void)
 908 {
 909     printf(
 910 "\n"
 911 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
 912 "\n"
 913 " Example:\n"
 914 " 'write 512 1k' - writes 1 kilobyte at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
 915 "\n"
 916 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
 917 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
 918 " -b, -- write to the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
 919 " -c, -- write compressed data with bdrv_write_compressed\n"
 920 " -p, -- use bdrv_pwrite to write the file\n"
 921 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
 922 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 923 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
 924 " -z, -- write zeroes using bdrv_co_write_zeroes\n"
 925 "\n");
 926 }
 927
 928 static int write_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv);
 929
 930 static const cmdinfo_t write_cmd = {
 931     .name       = "write",
 932     .altname    = "w",
 933     .cfunc      = write_f,
 934     .argmin     = 2,
 935     .argmax     = -1,
 936     .args       = "[-bcCpqz] [-P pattern ] off len",
 937     .oneline    = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
 938     .help       = write_help,
 939 };
 940
 941 static int write_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
 942 {
 943     struct timeval t1, t2;
 944     int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0, bflag = 0, Pflag = 0, zflag = 0;
 945     int cflag = 0;
 946     int c, cnt;
 947     char *buf = NULL;
 948     int64_t offset;
 949     int count;
 950     /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
 951     int total = 0;
 952     int pattern = 0xcd;
 953
 954     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bcCpP:qz")) != EOF) {
 955         switch (c) {
 956         case 'b':
 957             bflag = 1;
 958             break;
 959         case 'c':
 960             cflag = 1;
 961             break;
 962         case 'C':
 963             Cflag = 1;
 964             break;
 965         case 'p':
 966             pflag = 1;
 967             break;
 968         case 'P':
 969             Pflag = 1;
 970             pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
 971             if (pattern < 0) {
 972                 return 0;
 973             }
 974             break;
 975         case 'q':
 976             qflag = 1;
 977             break;
 978         case 'z':
 979             zflag = 1;
 980             break;
 981         default:
 982             return qemuio_command_usage(&write_cmd);
 983         }
 984     }
 985
 986     if (optind != argc - 2) {
 987         return qemuio_command_usage(&write_cmd);
 988     }
 989
 990     if (bflag + pflag + zflag > 1) {
 991         printf("-b, -p, or -z cannot be specified at the same time\n");
 992         return 0;
 993     }
 994
 995     if (zflag && Pflag) {
 996         printf("-z and -P cannot be specified at the same time\n");
 997         return 0;
 998     }
 999
1000     offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1001     if (offset < 0) {
1002         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1003         return 0;
1004     }
1005
1006     optind++;
1007     count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1008     if (count < 0) {
1009         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1010         return 0;
1011     }
1012
1013     if (!pflag) {
1014         if (offset & 0x1ff) {
1015             printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1016                    offset);
1017             return 0;
1018         }
1019
1020         if (count & 0x1ff) {
1021             printf("count %d is not sector aligned\n",
1022                    count);
1023             return 0;
1024         }
1025     }
1026
1027     if (!zflag) {
1028         buf = qemu_io_alloc(bs, count, pattern);
1029     }
1030
1031     gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
1032     if (pflag) {
1033         cnt = do_pwrite(bs, buf, offset, count, &total);
1034     } else if (bflag) {
1035         cnt = do_save_vmstate(bs, buf, offset, count, &total);
1036     } else if (zflag) {
1037         cnt = do_co_write_zeroes(bs, offset, count, &total);
1038     } else if (cflag) {
1039         cnt = do_write_compressed(bs, buf, offset, count, &total);
1040     } else {
1041         cnt = do_write(bs, buf, offset, count, &total);
1042     }
1043     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1044
1045     if (cnt < 0) {
1046         printf("write failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
1047         goto out;
1048     }
1049
1050     if (qflag) {
1051         goto out;
1052     }
1053
1054     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1055     t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
1056     print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
1057
1058 out:
1059     if (!zflag) {
1060         qemu_io_free(buf);
1061     }
1062
1063     return 0;
1064 }
1065
1066 static void
1067 writev_help(void)
1068 {
1069     printf(
1070 "\n"
1071 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset source from multiple buffers\n"
1072 "\n"
1073 " Example:\n"
1074 " 'write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
1075 "\n"
1076 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
1077 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
1078 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
1079 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1080 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1081 "\n");
1082 }
1083
1084 static int writev_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv);
1085
1086 static const cmdinfo_t writev_cmd = {
1087     .name       = "writev",
1088     .cfunc      = writev_f,
1089     .argmin     = 2,
1090     .argmax     = -1,
1091     .args       = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
1092     .oneline    = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
1093     .help       = writev_help,
1094 };
1095
1096 static int writev_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
1097 {
1098     struct timeval t1, t2;
1099     int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
1100     int c, cnt;
1101     char *buf;
1102     int64_t offset;
1103     /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
1104     int total = 0;
1105     int nr_iov;
1106     int pattern = 0xcd;
1107     QEMUIOVector qiov;
1108
1109     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
1110         switch (c) {
1111         case 'C':
1112             Cflag = 1;
1113             break;
1114         case 'q':
1115             qflag = 1;
1116             break;
1117         case 'P':
1118             pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
1119             if (pattern < 0) {
1120                 return 0;
1121             }
1122             break;
1123         default:
1124             return qemuio_command_usage(&writev_cmd);
1125         }
1126     }
1127
1128     if (optind > argc - 2) {
1129         return qemuio_command_usage(&writev_cmd);
1130     }
1131
1132     offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1133     if (offset < 0) {
1134         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1135         return 0;
1136     }
1137     optind++;
1138
1139     if (offset & 0x1ff) {
1140         printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1141                offset);
1142         return 0;
1143     }
1144
1145     nr_iov = argc - optind;
1146     buf = create_iovec(bs, &qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
1147     if (buf == NULL) {
1148         return 0;
1149     }
1150
1151     gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
1152     cnt = do_aio_writev(bs, &qiov, offset, &total);
1153     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1154
1155     if (cnt < 0) {
1156         printf("writev failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
1157         goto out;
1158     }
1159
1160     if (qflag) {
1161         goto out;
1162     }
1163
1164     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1165     t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
1166     print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
1167 out:
1168     qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiov);
1169     qemu_io_free(buf);
1170     return 0;
1171 }
1172
1173 static void multiwrite_help(void)
1174 {
1175     printf(
1176 "\n"
1177 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset source from multiple buffers,\n"
1178 " in a batch of requests that may be merged by qemu\n"
1179 "\n"
1180 " Example:\n"
1181 " 'multiwrite 512 1k 1k ; 4k 1k'\n"
1182 "  writes 2 kB at 512 bytes and 1 kB at 4 kB into the open file\n"
1183 "\n"
1184 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
1185 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd). The pattern byte is increased\n"
1186 " by one for each request contained in the multiwrite command.\n"
1187 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
1188 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1189 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1190 "\n");
1191 }
1192
1193 static int multiwrite_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv);
1194
1195 static const cmdinfo_t multiwrite_cmd = {
1196     .name       = "multiwrite",
1197     .cfunc      = multiwrite_f,
1198     .argmin     = 2,
1199     .argmax     = -1,
1200     .args       = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..] [; off len [len..]..]",
1201     .oneline    = "issues multiple write requests at once",
1202     .help       = multiwrite_help,
1203 };
1204
1205 static int multiwrite_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
1206 {
1207     struct timeval t1, t2;
1208     int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
1209     int c, cnt;
1210     char **buf;
1211     int64_t offset, first_offset = 0;
1212     /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
1213     int total = 0;
1214     int nr_iov;
1215     int nr_reqs;
1216     int pattern = 0xcd;
1217     QEMUIOVector *qiovs;
1218     int i;
1219     BlockRequest *reqs;
1220
1221     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
1222         switch (c) {
1223         case 'C':
1224             Cflag = 1;
1225             break;
1226         case 'q':
1227             qflag = 1;
1228             break;
1229         case 'P':
1230             pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
1231             if (pattern < 0) {
1232                 return 0;
1233             }
1234             break;
1235         default:
1236             return qemuio_command_usage(&writev_cmd);
1237         }
1238     }
1239
1240     if (optind > argc - 2) {
1241         return qemuio_command_usage(&writev_cmd);
1242     }
1243
1244     nr_reqs = 1;
1245     for (i = optind; i < argc; i++) {
1246         if (!strcmp(argv[i], ";")) {
1247             nr_reqs++;
1248         }
1249     }
1250
1251     reqs = g_malloc0(nr_reqs * sizeof(*reqs));
1252     buf = g_malloc0(nr_reqs * sizeof(*buf));
1253     qiovs = g_malloc(nr_reqs * sizeof(*qiovs));
1254
1255     for (i = 0; i < nr_reqs && optind < argc; i++) {
1256         int j;
1257
1258         /* Read the offset of the request */
1259         offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1260         if (offset < 0) {
1261             printf("non-numeric offset argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1262             goto out;
1263         }
1264         optind++;
1265
1266         if (offset & 0x1ff) {
1267             printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
1268                    (long long)offset);
1269             goto out;
1270         }
1271
1272         if (i == 0) {
1273             first_offset = offset;
1274         }
1275
1276         /* Read lengths for qiov entries */
1277         for (j = optind; j < argc; j++) {
1278             if (!strcmp(argv[j], ";")) {
1279                 break;
1280             }
1281         }
1282
1283         nr_iov = j - optind;
1284
1285         /* Build request */
1286         buf[i] = create_iovec(bs, &qiovs[i], &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
1287         if (buf[i] == NULL) {
1288             goto out;
1289         }
1290
1291         reqs[i].qiov = &qiovs[i];
1292         reqs[i].sector = offset >> 9;
1293         reqs[i].nb_sectors = reqs[i].qiov->size >> 9;
1294
1295         optind = j + 1;
1296
1297         pattern++;
1298     }
1299
1300     /* If there were empty requests at the end, ignore them */
1301     nr_reqs = i;
1302
1303     gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
1304     cnt = do_aio_multiwrite(bs, reqs, nr_reqs, &total);
1305     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1306
1307     if (cnt < 0) {
1308         printf("aio_multiwrite failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
1309         goto out;
1310     }
1311
1312     if (qflag) {
1313         goto out;
1314     }
1315
1316     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1317     t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
1318     print_report("wrote", &t2, first_offset, total, total, cnt, Cflag);
1319 out:
1320     for (i = 0; i < nr_reqs; i++) {
1321         qemu_io_free(buf[i]);
1322         if (reqs[i].qiov != NULL) {
1323             qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiovs[i]);
1324         }
1325     }
1326     g_free(buf);
1327     g_free(reqs);
1328     g_free(qiovs);
1329     return 0;
1330 }
1331
1332 struct aio_ctx {
1333     QEMUIOVector qiov;
1334     int64_t offset;
1335     char *buf;
1336     int qflag;
1337     int vflag;
1338     int Cflag;
1339     int Pflag;
1340     int pattern;
1341     struct timeval t1;
1342 };
1343
1344 static void aio_write_done(void *opaque, int ret)
1345 {
1346     struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
1347     struct timeval t2;
1348
1349     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1350
1351
1352     if (ret < 0) {
1353         printf("aio_write failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1354         goto out;
1355     }
1356
1357     if (ctx->qflag) {
1358         goto out;
1359     }
1360
1361     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1362     t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
1363     print_report("wrote", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
1364                  ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
1365 out:
1366     qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
1367     qemu_iovec_destroy(&ctx->qiov);
1368     g_free(ctx);
1369 }
1370
1371 static void aio_read_done(void *opaque, int ret)
1372 {
1373     struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
1374     struct timeval t2;
1375
1376     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1377
1378     if (ret < 0) {
1379         printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1380         goto out;
1381     }
1382
1383     if (ctx->Pflag) {
1384         void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(ctx->qiov.size);
1385
1386         memset(cmp_buf, ctx->pattern, ctx->qiov.size);
1387         if (memcmp(ctx->buf, cmp_buf, ctx->qiov.size)) {
1388             printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
1389                    PRId64 ", %zd bytes\n", ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
1390         }
1391         g_free(cmp_buf);
1392     }
1393
1394     if (ctx->qflag) {
1395         goto out;
1396     }
1397
1398     if (ctx->vflag) {
1399         dump_buffer(ctx->buf, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
1400     }
1401
1402     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1403     t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
1404     print_report("read", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
1405                  ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
1406 out:
1407     qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
1408     qemu_iovec_destroy(&ctx->qiov);
1409     g_free(ctx);
1410 }
1411
1412 static void aio_read_help(void)
1413 {
1414     printf(
1415 "\n"
1416 " asynchronously reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
1417 "\n"
1418 " Example:\n"
1419 " 'aio_read -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
1420 "\n"
1421 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
1422 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
1423 " The read is performed asynchronously and the aio_flush command must be\n"
1424 " used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed.\n"
1425 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1426 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
1427 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
1428 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1429 "\n");
1430 }
1431
1432 static int aio_read_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv);
1433
1434 static const cmdinfo_t aio_read_cmd = {
1435     .name       = "aio_read",
1436     .cfunc      = aio_read_f,
1437     .argmin     = 2,
1438     .argmax     = -1,
1439     .args       = "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
1440     .oneline    = "asynchronously reads a number of bytes",
1441     .help       = aio_read_help,
1442 };
1443
1444 static int aio_read_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
1445 {
1446     int nr_iov, c;
1447     struct aio_ctx *ctx = g_new0(struct aio_ctx, 1);
1448
1449     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != EOF) {
1450         switch (c) {
1451         case 'C':
1452             ctx->Cflag = 1;
1453             break;
1454         case 'P':
1455             ctx->Pflag = 1;
1456             ctx->pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
1457             if (ctx->pattern < 0) {
1458                 g_free(ctx);
1459                 return 0;
1460             }
1461             break;
1462         case 'q':
1463             ctx->qflag = 1;
1464             break;
1465         case 'v':
1466             ctx->vflag = 1;
1467             break;
1468         default:
1469             g_free(ctx);
1470             return qemuio_command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
1471         }
1472     }
1473
1474     if (optind > argc - 2) {
1475         g_free(ctx);
1476         return qemuio_command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
1477     }
1478
1479     ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1480     if (ctx->offset < 0) {
1481         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1482         g_free(ctx);
1483         return 0;
1484     }
1485     optind++;
1486
1487     if (ctx->offset & 0x1ff) {
1488         printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1489                ctx->offset);
1490         g_free(ctx);
1491         return 0;
1492     }
1493
1494     nr_iov = argc - optind;
1495     ctx->buf = create_iovec(bs, &ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
1496     if (ctx->buf == NULL) {
1497         g_free(ctx);
1498         return 0;
1499     }
1500
1501     gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL);
1502     bdrv_aio_readv(bs, ctx->offset >> 9, &ctx->qiov,
1503                    ctx->qiov.size >> 9, aio_read_done, ctx);
1504     return 0;
1505 }
1506
1507 static void aio_write_help(void)
1508 {
1509     printf(
1510 "\n"
1511 " asynchronously writes a range of bytes from the given offset source\n"
1512 " from multiple buffers\n"
1513 "\n"
1514 " Example:\n"
1515 " 'aio_write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
1516 "\n"
1517 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
1518 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
1519 " The write is performed asynchronously and the aio_flush command must be\n"
1520 " used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed.\n"
1521 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
1522 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1523 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1524 "\n");
1525 }
1526
1527 static int aio_write_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv);
1528
1529 static const cmdinfo_t aio_write_cmd = {
1530     .name       = "aio_write",
1531     .cfunc      = aio_write_f,
1532     .argmin     = 2,
1533     .argmax     = -1,
1534     .args       = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
1535     .oneline    = "asynchronously writes a number of bytes",
1536     .help       = aio_write_help,
1537 };
1538
1539 static int aio_write_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
1540 {
1541     int nr_iov, c;
1542     int pattern = 0xcd;
1543     struct aio_ctx *ctx = g_new0(struct aio_ctx, 1);
1544
1545     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
1546         switch (c) {
1547         case 'C':
1548             ctx->Cflag = 1;
1549             break;
1550         case 'q':
1551             ctx->qflag = 1;
1552             break;
1553         case 'P':
1554             pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
1555             if (pattern < 0) {
1556                 g_free(ctx);
1557                 return 0;
1558             }
1559             break;
1560         default:
1561             g_free(ctx);
1562             return qemuio_command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
1563         }
1564     }
1565
1566     if (optind > argc - 2) {
1567         g_free(ctx);
1568         return qemuio_command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
1569     }
1570
1571     ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1572     if (ctx->offset < 0) {
1573         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1574         g_free(ctx);
1575         return 0;
1576     }
1577     optind++;
1578
1579     if (ctx->offset & 0x1ff) {
1580         printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1581                ctx->offset);
1582         g_free(ctx);
1583         return 0;
1584     }
1585
1586     nr_iov = argc - optind;
1587     ctx->buf = create_iovec(bs, &ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
1588     if (ctx->buf == NULL) {
1589         g_free(ctx);
1590         return 0;
1591     }
1592
1593     gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL);
1594     bdrv_aio_writev(bs, ctx->offset >> 9, &ctx->qiov,
1595                     ctx->qiov.size >> 9, aio_write_done, ctx);
1596     return 0;
1597 }
1598
1599 static int aio_flush_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
1600 {
1601     bdrv_drain_all();
1602     return 0;
1603 }
1604
1605 static const cmdinfo_t aio_flush_cmd = {
1606     .name       = "aio_flush",
1607     .cfunc      = aio_flush_f,
1608     .oneline    = "completes all outstanding aio requests"
1609 };
1610
1611 static int flush_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
1612 {
1613     bdrv_flush(bs);
1614     return 0;
1615 }
1616
1617 static const cmdinfo_t flush_cmd = {
1618     .name       = "flush",
1619     .altname    = "f",
1620     .cfunc      = flush_f,
1621     .oneline    = "flush all in-core file state to disk",
1622 };
1623
1624 static int truncate_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
1625 {
1626     int64_t offset;
1627     int ret;
1628
1629     offset = cvtnum(argv[1]);
1630     if (offset < 0) {
1631         printf("non-numeric truncate argument -- %s\n", argv[1]);
1632         return 0;
1633     }
1634
1635     ret = bdrv_truncate(bs, offset);
1636     if (ret < 0) {
1637         printf("truncate: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1638         return 0;
1639     }
1640
1641     return 0;
1642 }
1643
1644 static const cmdinfo_t truncate_cmd = {
1645     .name       = "truncate",
1646     .altname    = "t",
1647     .cfunc      = truncate_f,
1648     .argmin     = 1,
1649     .argmax     = 1,
1650     .args       = "off",
1651     .oneline    = "truncates the current file at the given offset",
1652 };
1653
1654 static int length_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
1655 {
1656     int64_t size;
1657     char s1[64];
1658
1659     size = bdrv_getlength(bs);
1660     if (size < 0) {
1661         printf("getlength: %s\n", strerror(-size));
1662         return 0;
1663     }
1664
1665     cvtstr(size, s1, sizeof(s1));
1666     printf("%s\n", s1);
1667     return 0;
1668 }
1669
1670
1671 static const cmdinfo_t length_cmd = {
1672     .name   = "length",
1673     .altname    = "l",
1674     .cfunc      = length_f,
1675     .oneline    = "gets the length of the current file",
1676 };
1677
1678
1679 static int info_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
1680 {
1681     BlockDriverInfo bdi;
1682     ImageInfoSpecific *spec_info;
1683     char s1[64], s2[64];
1684     int ret;
1685
1686     if (bs->drv && bs->drv->format_name) {
1687         printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->format_name);
1688     }
1689     if (bs->drv && bs->drv->protocol_name) {
1690         printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->protocol_name);
1691     }
1692
1693     ret = bdrv_get_info(bs, &bdi);
1694     if (ret) {
1695         return 0;
1696     }
1697
1698     cvtstr(bdi.cluster_size, s1, sizeof(s1));
1699     cvtstr(bdi.vm_state_offset, s2, sizeof(s2));
1700
1701     printf("cluster size: %s\n", s1);
1702     printf("vm state offset: %s\n", s2);
1703
1704     spec_info = bdrv_get_specific_info(bs);
1705     if (spec_info) {
1706         printf("Format specific information:\n");
1707         bdrv_image_info_specific_dump(fprintf, stdout, spec_info);
1708         qapi_free_ImageInfoSpecific(spec_info);
1709     }
1710
1711     return 0;
1712 }
1713
1714
1715
1716 static const cmdinfo_t info_cmd = {
1717     .name       = "info",
1718     .altname    = "i",
1719     .cfunc      = info_f,
1720     .oneline    = "prints information about the current file",
1721 };
1722
1723 static void discard_help(void)
1724 {
1725     printf(
1726 "\n"
1727 " discards a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
1728 "\n"
1729 " Example:\n"
1730 " 'discard 512 1k' - discards 1 kilobyte from 512 bytes into the file\n"
1731 "\n"
1732 " Discards a segment of the currently open file.\n"
1733 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1734 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1735 "\n");
1736 }
1737
1738 static int discard_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv);
1739
1740 static const cmdinfo_t discard_cmd = {
1741     .name       = "discard",
1742     .altname    = "d",
1743     .cfunc      = discard_f,
1744     .argmin     = 2,
1745     .argmax     = -1,
1746     .args       = "[-Cq] off len",
1747     .oneline    = "discards a number of bytes at a specified offset",
1748     .help       = discard_help,
1749 };
1750
1751 static int discard_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
1752 {
1753     struct timeval t1, t2;
1754     int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
1755     int c, ret;
1756     int64_t offset;
1757     int count;
1758
1759     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Cq")) != EOF) {
1760         switch (c) {
1761         case 'C':
1762             Cflag = 1;
1763             break;
1764         case 'q':
1765             qflag = 1;
1766             break;
1767         default:
1768             return qemuio_command_usage(&discard_cmd);
1769         }
1770     }
1771
1772     if (optind != argc - 2) {
1773         return qemuio_command_usage(&discard_cmd);
1774     }
1775
1776     offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1777     if (offset < 0) {
1778         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1779         return 0;
1780     }
1781
1782     optind++;
1783     count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1784     if (count < 0) {
1785         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1786         return 0;
1787     }
1788
1789     gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
1790     ret = bdrv_discard(bs, offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
1791                        count >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
1792     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1793
1794     if (ret < 0) {
1795         printf("discard failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1796         goto out;
1797     }
1798
1799     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1800     if (!qflag) {
1801         t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
1802         print_report("discard", &t2, offset, count, count, 1, Cflag);
1803     }
1804
1805 out:
1806     return 0;
1807 }
1808
1809 static int alloc_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
1810 {
1811     int64_t offset, sector_num;
1812     int nb_sectors, remaining;
1813     char s1[64];
1814     int num, sum_alloc;
1815     int ret;
1816
1817     offset = cvtnum(argv[1]);
1818     if (offset < 0) {
1819         printf("non-numeric offset argument -- %s\n", argv[1]);
1820         return 0;
1821     } else if (offset & 0x1ff) {
1822         printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1823                offset);
1824         return 0;
1825     }
1826
1827     if (argc == 3) {
1828         nb_sectors = cvtnum(argv[2]);
1829         if (nb_sectors < 0) {
1830             printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[2]);
1831             return 0;
1832         }
1833     } else {
1834         nb_sectors = 1;
1835     }
1836
1837     remaining = nb_sectors;
1838     sum_alloc = 0;
1839     sector_num = offset >> 9;
1840     while (remaining) {
1841         ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, sector_num, remaining, &num);
1842         if (ret < 0) {
1843             printf("is_allocated failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1844             return 0;
1845         }
1846         sector_num += num;
1847         remaining -= num;
1848         if (ret) {
1849             sum_alloc += num;
1850         }
1851         if (num == 0) {
1852             nb_sectors -= remaining;
1853             remaining = 0;
1854         }
1855     }
1856
1857     cvtstr(offset, s1, sizeof(s1));
1858
1859     printf("%d/%d sectors allocated at offset %s\n",
1860            sum_alloc, nb_sectors, s1);
1861     return 0;
1862 }
1863
1864 static const cmdinfo_t alloc_cmd = {
1865     .name       = "alloc",
1866     .altname    = "a",
1867     .argmin     = 1,
1868     .argmax     = 2,
1869     .cfunc      = alloc_f,
1870     .args       = "off [sectors]",
1871     .oneline    = "checks if a sector is present in the file",
1872 };
1873
1874
1875 static int map_is_allocated(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1876                             int64_t nb_sectors, int64_t *pnum)
1877 {
1878     int num, num_checked;
1879     int ret, firstret;
1880
1881     num_checked = MIN(nb_sectors, INT_MAX);
1882     ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, sector_num, num_checked, &num);
1883     if (ret < 0) {
1884         return ret;
1885     }
1886
1887     firstret = ret;
1888     *pnum = num;
1889
1890     while (nb_sectors > 0 && ret == firstret) {
1891         sector_num += num;
1892         nb_sectors -= num;
1893
1894         num_checked = MIN(nb_sectors, INT_MAX);
1895         ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, sector_num, num_checked, &num);
1896         if (ret == firstret) {
1897             *pnum += num;
1898         } else {
1899             break;
1900         }
1901     }
1902
1903     return firstret;
1904 }
1905
1906 static int map_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
1907 {
1908     int64_t offset;
1909     int64_t nb_sectors;
1910     char s1[64];
1911     int64_t num;
1912     int ret;
1913     const char *retstr;
1914
1915     offset = 0;
1916     nb_sectors = bs->total_sectors;
1917
1918     do {
1919         ret = map_is_allocated(bs, offset, nb_sectors, &num);
1920         if (ret < 0) {
1921             error_report("Failed to get allocation status: %s", strerror(-ret));
1922             return 0;
1923         }
1924
1925         retstr = ret ? "    allocated" : "not allocated";
1926         cvtstr(offset << 9ULL, s1, sizeof(s1));
1927         printf("[% 24" PRId64 "] % 8" PRId64 "/% 8" PRId64 " sectors %s "
1928                "at offset %s (%d)\n",
1929                offset << 9ULL, num, nb_sectors, retstr, s1, ret);
1930
1931         offset += num;
1932         nb_sectors -= num;
1933     } while (offset < bs->total_sectors);
1934
1935     return 0;
1936 }
1937
1938 static const cmdinfo_t map_cmd = {
1939        .name           = "map",
1940        .argmin         = 0,
1941        .argmax         = 0,
1942        .cfunc          = map_f,
1943        .args           = "",
1944        .oneline        = "prints the allocated areas of a file",
1945 };
1946
1947 static int break_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
1948 {
1949     int ret;
1950
1951     ret = bdrv_debug_breakpoint(bs, argv[1], argv[2]);
1952     if (ret < 0) {
1953         printf("Could not set breakpoint: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1954     }
1955
1956     return 0;
1957 }
1958
1959 static const cmdinfo_t break_cmd = {
1960        .name           = "break",
1961        .argmin         = 2,
1962        .argmax         = 2,
1963        .cfunc          = break_f,
1964        .args           = "event tag",
1965        .oneline        = "sets a breakpoint on event and tags the stopped "
1966                          "request as tag",
1967 };
1968
1969 static int resume_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
1970 {
1971     int ret;
1972
1973     ret = bdrv_debug_resume(bs, argv[1]);
1974     if (ret < 0) {
1975         printf("Could not resume request: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1976     }
1977
1978     return 0;
1979 }
1980
1981 static const cmdinfo_t resume_cmd = {
1982        .name           = "resume",
1983        .argmin         = 1,
1984        .argmax         = 1,
1985        .cfunc          = resume_f,
1986        .args           = "tag",
1987        .oneline        = "resumes the request tagged as tag",
1988 };
1989
1990 static int wait_break_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
1991 {
1992     while (!bdrv_debug_is_suspended(bs, argv[1])) {
1993         qemu_aio_wait();
1994     }
1995
1996     return 0;
1997 }
1998
1999 static const cmdinfo_t wait_break_cmd = {
2000        .name           = "wait_break",
2001        .argmin         = 1,
2002        .argmax         = 1,
2003        .cfunc          = wait_break_f,
2004        .args           = "tag",
2005        .oneline        = "waits for the suspension of a request",
2006 };
2007
2008 static int abort_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
2009 {
2010     abort();
2011 }
2012
2013 static const cmdinfo_t abort_cmd = {
2014        .name           = "abort",
2015        .cfunc          = abort_f,
2016        .flags          = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
2017        .oneline        = "simulate a program crash using abort(3)",
2018 };
2019
2020 static void help_oneline(const char *cmd, const cmdinfo_t *ct)
2021 {
2022     if (cmd) {
2023         printf("%s ", cmd);
2024     } else {
2025         printf("%s ", ct->name);
2026         if (ct->altname) {
2027             printf("(or %s) ", ct->altname);
2028         }
2029     }
2030
2031     if (ct->args) {
2032         printf("%s ", ct->args);
2033     }
2034     printf("-- %s\n", ct->oneline);
2035 }
2036
2037 static void help_onecmd(const char *cmd, const cmdinfo_t *ct)
2038 {
2039     help_oneline(cmd, ct);
2040     if (ct->help) {
2041         ct->help();
2042     }
2043 }
2044
2045 static void help_all(void)
2046 {
2047     const cmdinfo_t *ct;
2048
2049     for (ct = cmdtab; ct < &cmdtab[ncmds]; ct++) {
2050         help_oneline(ct->name, ct);
2051     }
2052     printf("\nUse 'help commandname' for extended help.\n");
2053 }
2054
2055 static int help_f(BlockDriverState *bs, int argc, char **argv)
2056 {
2057     const cmdinfo_t *ct;
2058
2059     if (argc == 1) {
2060         help_all();
2061         return 0;
2062     }
2063
2064     ct = find_command(argv[1]);
2065     if (ct == NULL) {
2066         printf("command %s not found\n", argv[1]);
2067         return 0;
2068     }
2069
2070     help_onecmd(argv[1], ct);
2071     return 0;
2072 }
2073
2074 static const cmdinfo_t help_cmd = {
2075     .name       = "help",
2076     .altname    = "?",
2077     .cfunc      = help_f,
2078     .argmin     = 0,
2079     .argmax     = 1,
2080     .flags      = CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL,
2081     .args       = "[command]",
2082     .oneline    = "help for one or all commands",
2083 };
2084
2085 bool qemuio_command(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *cmd)
2086 {
2087     char *input;
2088     const cmdinfo_t *ct;
2089     char **v;
2090     int c;
2091     bool done = false;
2092
2093     input = g_strdup(cmd);
2094     v = breakline(input, &c);
2095     if (c) {
2096         ct = find_command(v[0]);
2097         if (ct) {
2098             done = command(bs, ct, c, v);
2099         } else {
2100             fprintf(stderr, "command \"%s\" not found\n", v[0]);
2101         }
2102     }
2103     g_free(input);
2104     g_free(v);
2105
2106     return done;
2107 }
2108
2109 static void __attribute((constructor)) init_qemuio_commands(void)
2110 {
2111     /* initialize commands */
2112     qemuio_add_command(&help_cmd);
2113     qemuio_add_command(&read_cmd);
2114     qemuio_add_command(&readv_cmd);
2115     qemuio_add_command(&write_cmd);
2116     qemuio_add_command(&writev_cmd);
2117     qemuio_add_command(&multiwrite_cmd);
2118     qemuio_add_command(&aio_read_cmd);
2119     qemuio_add_command(&aio_write_cmd);
2120     qemuio_add_command(&aio_flush_cmd);
2121     qemuio_add_command(&flush_cmd);
2122     qemuio_add_command(&truncate_cmd);
2123     qemuio_add_command(&length_cmd);
2124     qemuio_add_command(&info_cmd);
2125     qemuio_add_command(&discard_cmd);
2126     qemuio_add_command(&alloc_cmd);
2127     qemuio_add_command(&map_cmd);
2128     qemuio_add_command(&break_cmd);
2129     qemuio_add_command(&resume_cmd);
2130     qemuio_add_command(&wait_break_cmd);
2131     qemuio_add_command(&abort_cmd);
2132 }