hw/pc.c

   1 /*
   2  * QEMU PC System Emulator
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 2003-2004 Fabrice Bellard
   5  *
   6  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
   7  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
   8  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
   9  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
  10  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  11  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
  12  *
  13  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
  14  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  15  *
  16  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  17  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  18  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
  19  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  20  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
  21  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  22  * THE SOFTWARE.
  23  */
  24 #include "hw.h"
  25 #include "pc.h"
  26 #include "fdc.h"
  27 #include "pci.h"
  28 #include "block.h"
  29 #include "sysemu.h"
  30 #include "audio/audio.h"
  31 #include "net.h"
  32 #include "smbus.h"
  33 #include "boards.h"
  34 #include "console.h"
  35 #include "fw_cfg.h"
  36 #include "virtio-blk.h"
  37 #include "virtio-balloon.h"
  38 #include "hpet_emul.h"
  39
  40 /* output Bochs bios info messages */
  41 //#define DEBUG_BIOS
  42
  43 #define BIOS_FILENAME "bios.bin"
  44 #define VGABIOS_FILENAME "vgabios.bin"
  45 #define VGABIOS_CIRRUS_FILENAME "vgabios-cirrus.bin"
  46
  47 #define PC_MAX_BIOS_SIZE (4 * 1024 * 1024)
  48
  49 /* Leave a chunk of memory at the top of RAM for the BIOS ACPI tables.  */
  50 #define ACPI_DATA_SIZE       0x10000
  51 #define BIOS_CFG_IOPORT 0x510
  52
  53 #define MAX_IDE_BUS 2
  54
  55 static fdctrl_t *floppy_controller;
  56 static RTCState *rtc_state;
  57 static PITState *pit;
  58 static IOAPICState *ioapic;
  59 static PCIDevice *i440fx_state;
  60
  61 static void ioport80_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t data)
  62 {
  63 }
  64
  65 /* MSDOS compatibility mode FPU exception support */
  66 static qemu_irq ferr_irq;
  67 /* XXX: add IGNNE support */
  68 void cpu_set_ferr(CPUX86State *s)
  69 {
  70     qemu_irq_raise(ferr_irq);
  71 }
  72
  73 static void ioportF0_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t data)
  74 {
  75     qemu_irq_lower(ferr_irq);
  76 }
  77
  78 /* TSC handling */
  79 uint64_t cpu_get_tsc(CPUX86State *env)
  80 {
  81     /* Note: when using kqemu, it is more logical to return the host TSC
  82        because kqemu does not trap the RDTSC instruction for
  83        performance reasons */
  84 #ifdef USE_KQEMU
  85     if (env->kqemu_enabled) {
  86         return cpu_get_real_ticks();
  87     } else
  88 #endif
  89     {
  90         return cpu_get_ticks();
  91     }
  92 }
  93
  94 /* SMM support */
  95 void cpu_smm_update(CPUState *env)
  96 {
  97     if (i440fx_state && env == first_cpu)
  98         i440fx_set_smm(i440fx_state, (env->hflags >> HF_SMM_SHIFT) & 1);
  99 }
 100
 101
 102 /* IRQ handling */
 103 int cpu_get_pic_interrupt(CPUState *env)
 104 {
 105     int intno;
 106
 107     intno = apic_get_interrupt(env);
 108     if (intno >= 0) {
 109         /* set irq request if a PIC irq is still pending */
 110         /* XXX: improve that */
 111         pic_update_irq(isa_pic);
 112         return intno;
 113     }
 114     /* read the irq from the PIC */
 115     if (!apic_accept_pic_intr(env))
 116         return -1;
 117
 118     intno = pic_read_irq(isa_pic);
 119     return intno;
 120 }
 121
 122 static void pic_irq_request(void *opaque, int irq, int level)
 123 {
 124     CPUState *env = first_cpu;
 125
 126     if (env->apic_state) {
 127         while (env) {
 128             if (apic_accept_pic_intr(env))
 129                 apic_deliver_pic_intr(env, level);
 130             env = env->next_cpu;
 131         }
 132     } else {
 133         if (level)
 134             cpu_interrupt(env, CPU_INTERRUPT_HARD);
 135         else
 136             cpu_reset_interrupt(env, CPU_INTERRUPT_HARD);
 137     }
 138 }
 139
 140 /* PC cmos mappings */
 141
 142 #define REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE          0x14
 143
 144 static int cmos_get_fd_drive_type(int fd0)
 145 {
 146     int val;
 147
 148     switch (fd0) {
 149     case 0:
 150         /* 1.44 Mb 3"5 drive */
 151         val = 4;
 152         break;
 153     case 1:
 154         /* 2.88 Mb 3"5 drive */
 155         val = 5;
 156         break;
 157     case 2:
 158         /* 1.2 Mb 5"5 drive */
 159         val = 2;
 160         break;
 161     default:
 162         val = 0;
 163         break;
 164     }
 165     return val;
 166 }
 167
 168 static void cmos_init_hd(int type_ofs, int info_ofs, BlockDriverState *hd)
 169 {
 170     RTCState *s = rtc_state;
 171     int cylinders, heads, sectors;
 172     bdrv_get_geometry_hint(hd, &cylinders, &heads, &sectors);
 173     rtc_set_memory(s, type_ofs, 47);
 174     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs, cylinders);
 175     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 1, cylinders >> 8);
 176     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 2, heads);
 177     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 3, 0xff);
 178     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 4, 0xff);
 179     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 5, 0xc0 | ((heads > 8) << 3));
 180     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 6, cylinders);
 181     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 7, cylinders >> 8);
 182     rtc_set_memory(s, info_ofs + 8, sectors);
 183 }
 184
 185 /* convert boot_device letter to something recognizable by the bios */
 186 static int boot_device2nibble(char boot_device)
 187 {
 188     switch(boot_device) {
 189     case 'a':
 190     case 'b':
 191         return 0x01; /* floppy boot */
 192     case 'c':
 193         return 0x02; /* hard drive boot */
 194     case 'd':
 195         return 0x03; /* CD-ROM boot */
 196     case 'n':
 197         return 0x04; /* Network boot */
 198     }
 199     return 0;
 200 }
 201
 202 /* copy/pasted from cmos_init, should be made a general function
 203  and used there as well */
 204 static int pc_boot_set(void *opaque, const char *boot_device)
 205 {
 206 #define PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES 3
 207     RTCState *s = (RTCState *)opaque;
 208     int nbds, bds[3] = { 0, };
 209     int i;
 210
 211     nbds = strlen(boot_device);
 212     if (nbds > PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES) {
 213         term_printf("Too many boot devices for PC\n");
 214         return(1);
 215     }
 216     for (i = 0; i < nbds; i++) {
 217         bds[i] = boot_device2nibble(boot_device[i]);
 218         if (bds[i] == 0) {
 219             term_printf("Invalid boot device for PC: '%c'\n",
 220                     boot_device[i]);
 221             return(1);
 222         }
 223     }
 224     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x3d, (bds[1] << 4) | bds[0]);
 225     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x38, (bds[2] << 4));
 226     return(0);
 227 }
 228
 229 /* hd_table must contain 4 block drivers */
 230 static void cmos_init(ram_addr_t ram_size, ram_addr_t above_4g_mem_size,
 231                       const char *boot_device, BlockDriverState **hd_table)
 232 {
 233     RTCState *s = rtc_state;
 234     int nbds, bds[3] = { 0, };
 235     int val;
 236     int fd0, fd1, nb;
 237     int i;
 238
 239     /* various important CMOS locations needed by PC/Bochs bios */
 240
 241     /* memory size */
 242     val = 640; /* base memory in K */
 243     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x15, val);
 244     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x16, val >> 8);
 245
 246     val = (ram_size / 1024) - 1024;
 247     if (val > 65535)
 248         val = 65535;
 249     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x17, val);
 250     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x18, val >> 8);
 251     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x30, val);
 252     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x31, val >> 8);
 253
 254     if (above_4g_mem_size) {
 255         rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5b, (unsigned int)above_4g_mem_size >> 16);
 256         rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5c, (unsigned int)above_4g_mem_size >> 24);
 257         rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5d, (uint64_t)above_4g_mem_size >> 32);
 258     }
 259
 260     if (ram_size > (16 * 1024 * 1024))
 261         val = (ram_size / 65536) - ((16 * 1024 * 1024) / 65536);
 262     else
 263         val = 0;
 264     if (val > 65535)
 265         val = 65535;
 266     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x34, val);
 267     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x35, val >> 8);
 268
 269     /* set the number of CPU */
 270     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x5f, smp_cpus - 1);
 271
 272     /* set boot devices, and disable floppy signature check if requested */
 273 #define PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES 3
 274     nbds = strlen(boot_device);
 275     if (nbds > PC_MAX_BOOT_DEVICES) {
 276         fprintf(stderr, "Too many boot devices for PC\n");
 277         exit(1);
 278     }
 279     for (i = 0; i < nbds; i++) {
 280         bds[i] = boot_device2nibble(boot_device[i]);
 281         if (bds[i] == 0) {
 282             fprintf(stderr, "Invalid boot device for PC: '%c'\n",
 283                     boot_device[i]);
 284             exit(1);
 285         }
 286     }
 287     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x3d, (bds[1] << 4) | bds[0]);
 288     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x38, (bds[2] << 4) | (fd_bootchk ?  0x0 : 0x1));
 289
 290     /* floppy type */
 291
 292     fd0 = fdctrl_get_drive_type(floppy_controller, 0);
 293     fd1 = fdctrl_get_drive_type(floppy_controller, 1);
 294
 295     val = (cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd0) << 4) | cmos_get_fd_drive_type(fd1);
 296     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x10, val);
 297
 298     val = 0;
 299     nb = 0;
 300     if (fd0 < 3)
 301         nb++;
 302     if (fd1 < 3)
 303         nb++;
 304     switch (nb) {
 305     case 0:
 306         break;
 307     case 1:
 308         val |= 0x01; /* 1 drive, ready for boot */
 309         break;
 310     case 2:
 311         val |= 0x41; /* 2 drives, ready for boot */
 312         break;
 313     }
 314     val |= 0x02; /* FPU is there */
 315     val |= 0x04; /* PS/2 mouse installed */
 316     rtc_set_memory(s, REG_EQUIPMENT_BYTE, val);
 317
 318     /* hard drives */
 319
 320     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x12, (hd_table[0] ? 0xf0 : 0) | (hd_table[1] ? 0x0f : 0));
 321     if (hd_table[0])
 322         cmos_init_hd(0x19, 0x1b, hd_table[0]);
 323     if (hd_table[1])
 324         cmos_init_hd(0x1a, 0x24, hd_table[1]);
 325
 326     val = 0;
 327     for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
 328         if (hd_table[i]) {
 329             int cylinders, heads, sectors, translation;
 330             /* NOTE: bdrv_get_geometry_hint() returns the physical
 331                 geometry.  It is always such that: 1 <= sects <= 63, 1
 332                 <= heads <= 16, 1 <= cylinders <= 16383. The BIOS
 333                 geometry can be different if a translation is done. */
 334             translation = bdrv_get_translation_hint(hd_table[i]);
 335             if (translation == BIOS_ATA_TRANSLATION_AUTO) {
 336                 bdrv_get_geometry_hint(hd_table[i], &cylinders, &heads, &sectors);
 337                 if (cylinders <= 1024 && heads <= 16 && sectors <= 63) {
 338                     /* No translation. */
 339                     translation = 0;
 340                 } else {
 341                     /* LBA translation. */
 342                     translation = 1;
 343                 }
 344             } else {
 345                 translation--;
 346             }
 347             val |= translation << (i * 2);
 348         }
 349     }
 350     rtc_set_memory(s, 0x39, val);
 351 }
 352
 353 void ioport_set_a20(int enable)
 354 {
 355     /* XXX: send to all CPUs ? */
 356     cpu_x86_set_a20(first_cpu, enable);
 357 }
 358
 359 int ioport_get_a20(void)
 360 {
 361     return ((first_cpu->a20_mask >> 20) & 1);
 362 }
 363
 364 static void ioport92_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
 365 {
 366     ioport_set_a20((val >> 1) & 1);
 367     /* XXX: bit 0 is fast reset */
 368 }
 369
 370 static uint32_t ioport92_read(void *opaque, uint32_t addr)
 371 {
 372     return ioport_get_a20() << 1;
 373 }
 374
 375 /***********************************************************/
 376 /* Bochs BIOS debug ports */
 377
 378 static void bochs_bios_write(void *opaque, uint32_t addr, uint32_t val)
 379 {
 380     static const char shutdown_str[8] = "Shutdown";
 381     static int shutdown_index = 0;
 382
 383     switch(addr) {
 384         /* Bochs BIOS messages */
 385     case 0x400:
 386     case 0x401:
 387         fprintf(stderr, "BIOS panic at rombios.c, line %d\n", val);
 388         exit(1);
 389     case 0x402:
 390     case 0x403:
 391 #ifdef DEBUG_BIOS
 392         fprintf(stderr, "%c", val);
 393 #endif
 394         break;
 395     case 0x8900:
 396         /* same as Bochs power off */
 397         if (val == shutdown_str[shutdown_index]) {
 398             shutdown_index++;
 399             if (shutdown_index == 8) {
 400                 shutdown_index = 0;
 401                 qemu_system_shutdown_request();
 402             }
 403         } else {
 404             shutdown_index = 0;
 405         }
 406         break;
 407
 408         /* LGPL'ed VGA BIOS messages */
 409     case 0x501:
 410     case 0x502:
 411         fprintf(stderr, "VGA BIOS panic, line %d\n", val);
 412         exit(1);
 413     case 0x500:
 414     case 0x503:
 415 #ifdef DEBUG_BIOS
 416         fprintf(stderr, "%c", val);
 417 #endif
 418         break;
 419     }
 420 }
 421
 422 static void bochs_bios_init(void)
 423 {
 424     void *fw_cfg;
 425
 426     register_ioport_write(0x400, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
 427     register_ioport_write(0x401, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
 428     register_ioport_write(0x402, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
 429     register_ioport_write(0x403, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
 430     register_ioport_write(0x8900, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
 431
 432     register_ioport_write(0x501, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
 433     register_ioport_write(0x502, 1, 2, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
 434     register_ioport_write(0x500, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
 435     register_ioport_write(0x503, 1, 1, bochs_bios_write, NULL);
 436
 437     fw_cfg = fw_cfg_init(BIOS_CFG_IOPORT, BIOS_CFG_IOPORT + 1, 0, 0);
 438     fw_cfg_add_i32(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_ID, 1);
 439     fw_cfg_add_i64(fw_cfg, FW_CFG_RAM_SIZE, (uint64_t)ram_size);
 440 }
 441
 442 /* Generate an initial boot sector which sets state and jump to
 443    a specified vector */
 444 static void generate_bootsect(uint8_t *option_rom,
 445                               uint32_t gpr[8], uint16_t segs[6], uint16_t ip)
 446 {
 447     uint8_t rom[512], *p, *reloc;
 448     uint8_t sum;
 449     int i;
 450
 451     memset(rom, 0, sizeof(rom));
 452
 453     p = rom;
 454     /* Make sure we have an option rom signature */
 455     *p++ = 0x55;
 456     *p++ = 0xaa;
 457
 458     /* ROM size in sectors*/
 459     *p++ = 1;
 460
 461     /* Hook int19 */
 462
 463     *p++ = 0x50;                /* push ax */
 464     *p++ = 0x1e;                /* push ds */
 465     *p++ = 0x31; *p++ = 0xc0;   /* xor ax, ax */
 466     *p++ = 0x8e; *p++ = 0xd8;   /* mov ax, ds */
 467
 468     *p++ = 0xc7; *p++ = 0x06;   /* movvw _start,0x64 */
 469     *p++ = 0x64; *p++ = 0x00;
 470     reloc = p;
 471     *p++ = 0x00; *p++ = 0x00;
 472
 473     *p++ = 0x8c; *p++ = 0x0e;   /* mov cs,0x66 */
 474     *p++ = 0x66; *p++ = 0x00;
 475
 476     *p++ = 0x1f;                /* pop ds */
 477     *p++ = 0x58;                /* pop ax */
 478     *p++ = 0xcb;                /* lret */
 479
 480     /* Actual code */
 481     *reloc = (p - rom);
 482
 483     *p++ = 0xfa;                /* CLI */
 484     *p++ = 0xfc;                /* CLD */
 485
 486     for (i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
 487         if (i == 1)             /* Skip CS */
 488             continue;
 489
 490         *p++ = 0xb8;            /* MOV AX,imm16 */
 491         *p++ = segs[i];
 492         *p++ = segs[i] >> 8;
 493         *p++ = 0x8e;            /* MOV <seg>,AX */
 494         *p++ = 0xc0 + (i << 3);
 495     }
 496
 497     for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
 498         *p++ = 0x66;            /* 32-bit operand size */
 499         *p++ = 0xb8 + i;        /* MOV <reg>,imm32 */
 500         *p++ = gpr[i];
 501         *p++ = gpr[i] >> 8;
 502         *p++ = gpr[i] >> 16;
 503         *p++ = gpr[i] >> 24;
 504     }
 505
 506     *p++ = 0xea;                /* JMP FAR */
 507     *p++ = ip;                  /* IP */
 508     *p++ = ip >> 8;
 509     *p++ = segs[1];             /* CS */
 510     *p++ = segs[1] >> 8;
 511
 512     /* sign rom */
 513     sum = 0;
 514     for (i = 0; i < (sizeof(rom) - 1); i++)
 515         sum += rom[i];
 516     rom[sizeof(rom) - 1] = -sum;
 517
 518     memcpy(option_rom, rom, sizeof(rom));
 519 }
 520
 521 static long get_file_size(FILE *f)
 522 {
 523     long where, size;
 524
 525     /* XXX: on Unix systems, using fstat() probably makes more sense */
 526
 527     where = ftell(f);
 528     fseek(f, 0, SEEK_END);
 529     size = ftell(f);
 530     fseek(f, where, SEEK_SET);
 531
 532     return size;
 533 }
 534
 535 static void load_linux(uint8_t *option_rom,
 536                        const char *kernel_filename,
 537                        const char *initrd_filename,
 538                        const char *kernel_cmdline)
 539 {
 540     uint16_t protocol;
 541     uint32_t gpr[8];
 542     uint16_t seg[6];
 543     uint16_t real_seg;
 544     int setup_size, kernel_size, initrd_size, cmdline_size;
 545     uint32_t initrd_max;
 546     uint8_t header[1024];
 547     target_phys_addr_t real_addr, prot_addr, cmdline_addr, initrd_addr;
 548     FILE *f, *fi;
 549
 550     /* Align to 16 bytes as a paranoia measure */
 551     cmdline_size = (strlen(kernel_cmdline)+16) & ~15;
 552
 553     /* load the kernel header */
 554     f = fopen(kernel_filename, "rb");
 555     if (!f || !(kernel_size = get_file_size(f)) ||
 556         fread(header, 1, 1024, f) != 1024) {
 557         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load kernel '%s'\n",
 558                 kernel_filename);
 559         exit(1);
 560     }
 561
 562     /* kernel protocol version */
 563 #if 0
 564     fprintf(stderr, "header magic: %#x\n", ldl_p(header+0x202));
 565 #endif
 566     if (ldl_p(header+0x202) == 0x53726448)
 567         protocol = lduw_p(header+0x206);
 568     else
 569         protocol = 0;
 570
 571     if (protocol < 0x200 || !(header[0x211] & 0x01)) {
 572         /* Low kernel */
 573         real_addr    = 0x90000;
 574         cmdline_addr = 0x9a000 - cmdline_size;
 575         prot_addr    = 0x10000;
 576     } else if (protocol < 0x202) {
 577         /* High but ancient kernel */
 578         real_addr    = 0x90000;
 579         cmdline_addr = 0x9a000 - cmdline_size;
 580         prot_addr    = 0x100000;
 581     } else {
 582         /* High and recent kernel */
 583         real_addr    = 0x10000;
 584         cmdline_addr = 0x20000;
 585         prot_addr    = 0x100000;
 586     }
 587
 588 #if 0
 589     fprintf(stderr,
 590             "qemu: real_addr     = 0x" TARGET_FMT_plx "\n"
 591             "qemu: cmdline_addr  = 0x" TARGET_FMT_plx "\n"
 592             "qemu: prot_addr     = 0x" TARGET_FMT_plx "\n",
 593             real_addr,
 594             cmdline_addr,
 595             prot_addr);
 596 #endif
 597
 598     /* highest address for loading the initrd */
 599     if (protocol >= 0x203)
 600         initrd_max = ldl_p(header+0x22c);
 601     else
 602         initrd_max = 0x37ffffff;
 603
 604     if (initrd_max >= ram_size-ACPI_DATA_SIZE)
 605         initrd_max = ram_size-ACPI_DATA_SIZE-1;
 606
 607     /* kernel command line */
 608     pstrcpy_targphys(cmdline_addr, 4096, kernel_cmdline);
 609
 610     if (protocol >= 0x202) {
 611         stl_p(header+0x228, cmdline_addr);
 612     } else {
 613         stw_p(header+0x20, 0xA33F);
 614         stw_p(header+0x22, cmdline_addr-real_addr);
 615     }
 616
 617     /* loader type */
 618     /* High nybble = B reserved for Qemu; low nybble is revision number.
 619        If this code is substantially changed, you may want to consider
 620        incrementing the revision. */
 621     if (protocol >= 0x200)
 622         header[0x210] = 0xB0;
 623
 624     /* heap */
 625     if (protocol >= 0x201) {
 626         header[0x211] |= 0x80;  /* CAN_USE_HEAP */
 627         stw_p(header+0x224, cmdline_addr-real_addr-0x200);
 628     }
 629
 630     /* load initrd */
 631     if (initrd_filename) {
 632         if (protocol < 0x200) {
 633             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: linux kernel too old to load a ram disk\n");
 634             exit(1);
 635         }
 636
 637         fi = fopen(initrd_filename, "rb");
 638         if (!fi) {
 639             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load initial ram disk '%s'\n",
 640                     initrd_filename);
 641             exit(1);
 642         }
 643
 644         initrd_size = get_file_size(fi);
 645         initrd_addr = (initrd_max-initrd_size) & ~4095;
 646
 647         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: loading initrd (%#x bytes) at 0x" TARGET_FMT_plx
 648                 "\n", initrd_size, initrd_addr);
 649
 650         if (!fread_targphys_ok(initrd_addr, initrd_size, fi)) {
 651             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: read error on initial ram disk '%s'\n",
 652                     initrd_filename);
 653             exit(1);
 654         }
 655         fclose(fi);
 656
 657         stl_p(header+0x218, initrd_addr);
 658         stl_p(header+0x21c, initrd_size);
 659     }
 660
 661     /* store the finalized header and load the rest of the kernel */
 662     cpu_physical_memory_write(real_addr, header, 1024);
 663
 664     setup_size = header[0x1f1];
 665     if (setup_size == 0)
 666         setup_size = 4;
 667
 668     setup_size = (setup_size+1)*512;
 669     kernel_size -= setup_size;  /* Size of protected-mode code */
 670
 671     if (!fread_targphys_ok(real_addr+1024, setup_size-1024, f) ||
 672         !fread_targphys_ok(prot_addr, kernel_size, f)) {
 673         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: read error on kernel '%s'\n",
 674                 kernel_filename);
 675         exit(1);
 676     }
 677     fclose(f);
 678
 679     /* generate bootsector to set up the initial register state */
 680     real_seg = real_addr >> 4;
 681     seg[0] = seg[2] = seg[3] = seg[4] = seg[4] = real_seg;
 682     seg[1] = real_seg+0x20;     /* CS */
 683     memset(gpr, 0, sizeof gpr);
 684     gpr[4] = cmdline_addr-real_addr-16; /* SP (-16 is paranoia) */
 685
 686     generate_bootsect(option_rom, gpr, seg, 0);
 687 }
 688
 689 static void main_cpu_reset(void *opaque)
 690 {
 691     CPUState *env = opaque;
 692     cpu_reset(env);
 693 }
 694
 695 static const int ide_iobase[2] = { 0x1f0, 0x170 };
 696 static const int ide_iobase2[2] = { 0x3f6, 0x376 };
 697 static const int ide_irq[2] = { 14, 15 };
 698
 699 #define NE2000_NB_MAX 6
 700
 701 static int ne2000_io[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 0x300, 0x320, 0x340, 0x360, 0x280, 0x380 };
 702 static int ne2000_irq[NE2000_NB_MAX] = { 9, 10, 11, 3, 4, 5 };
 703
 704 static int serial_io[MAX_SERIAL_PORTS] = { 0x3f8, 0x2f8, 0x3e8, 0x2e8 };
 705 static int serial_irq[MAX_SERIAL_PORTS] = { 4, 3, 4, 3 };
 706
 707 static int parallel_io[MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS] = { 0x378, 0x278, 0x3bc };
 708 static int parallel_irq[MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS] = { 7, 7, 7 };
 709
 710 #ifdef HAS_AUDIO
 711 static void audio_init (PCIBus *pci_bus, qemu_irq *pic)
 712 {
 713     struct soundhw *c;
 714     int audio_enabled = 0;
 715
 716     for (c = soundhw; !audio_enabled && c->name; ++c) {
 717         audio_enabled = c->enabled;
 718     }
 719
 720     if (audio_enabled) {
 721         AudioState *s;
 722
 723         s = AUD_init ();
 724         if (s) {
 725             for (c = soundhw; c->name; ++c) {
 726                 if (c->enabled) {
 727                     if (c->isa) {
 728                         c->init.init_isa (s, pic);
 729                     }
 730                     else {
 731                         if (pci_bus) {
 732                             c->init.init_pci (pci_bus, s);
 733                         }
 734                     }
 735                 }
 736             }
 737         }
 738     }
 739 }
 740 #endif
 741
 742 static void pc_init_ne2k_isa(NICInfo *nd, qemu_irq *pic)
 743 {
 744     static int nb_ne2k = 0;
 745
 746     if (nb_ne2k == NE2000_NB_MAX)
 747         return;
 748     isa_ne2000_init(ne2000_io[nb_ne2k], pic[ne2000_irq[nb_ne2k]], nd);
 749     nb_ne2k++;
 750 }
 751
 752 /* PC hardware initialisation */
 753 static void pc_init1(ram_addr_t ram_size, int vga_ram_size,
 754                      const char *boot_device, DisplayState *ds,
 755                      const char *kernel_filename, const char *kernel_cmdline,
 756                      const char *initrd_filename,
 757                      int pci_enabled, const char *cpu_model)
 758 {
 759     char buf[1024];
 760     int ret, linux_boot, i;
 761     ram_addr_t ram_addr, vga_ram_addr, bios_offset, vga_bios_offset;
 762     ram_addr_t below_4g_mem_size, above_4g_mem_size = 0;
 763     int bios_size, isa_bios_size, vga_bios_size;
 764     PCIBus *pci_bus;
 765     int piix3_devfn = -1;
 766     CPUState *env;
 767     NICInfo *nd;
 768     qemu_irq *cpu_irq;
 769     qemu_irq *i8259;
 770     int index;
 771     BlockDriverState *hd[MAX_IDE_BUS * MAX_IDE_DEVS];
 772     BlockDriverState *fd[MAX_FD];
 773
 774     if (ram_size >= 0xe0000000 ) {
 775         above_4g_mem_size = ram_size - 0xe0000000;
 776         below_4g_mem_size = 0xe0000000;
 777     } else {
 778         below_4g_mem_size = ram_size;
 779     }
 780
 781     linux_boot = (kernel_filename != NULL);
 782
 783     /* init CPUs */
 784     if (cpu_model == NULL) {
 785 #ifdef TARGET_X86_64
 786         cpu_model = "qemu64";
 787 #else
 788         cpu_model = "qemu32";
 789 #endif
 790     }
 791
 792     for(i = 0; i < smp_cpus; i++) {
 793         env = cpu_init(cpu_model);
 794         if (!env) {
 795             fprintf(stderr, "Unable to find x86 CPU definition\n");
 796             exit(1);
 797         }
 798         if (i != 0)
 799             env->halted = 1;
 800         if (smp_cpus > 1) {
 801             /* XXX: enable it in all cases */
 802             env->cpuid_features |= CPUID_APIC;
 803         }
 804         qemu_register_reset(main_cpu_reset, env);
 805         if (pci_enabled) {
 806             apic_init(env);
 807         }
 808     }
 809
 810     vmport_init();
 811
 812     /* allocate RAM */
 813     ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(0xa0000);
 814     cpu_register_physical_memory(0, 0xa0000, ram_addr);
 815
 816     /* Allocate, even though we won't register, so we don't break the
 817      * phys_ram_base + PA assumption. This range includes vga (0xa0000 - 0xc0000),
 818      * and some bios areas, which will be registered later
 819      */
 820     ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(0x100000 - 0xa0000);
 821     ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(below_4g_mem_size - 0x100000);
 822     cpu_register_physical_memory(0x100000,
 823                  below_4g_mem_size - 0x100000,
 824                  ram_addr);
 825
 826     /* above 4giga memory allocation */
 827     if (above_4g_mem_size > 0) {
 828         ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(above_4g_mem_size);
 829         cpu_register_physical_memory(0x100000000ULL,
 830                                      above_4g_mem_size,
 831                                      ram_addr);
 832     }
 833
 834
 835     /* allocate VGA RAM */
 836     vga_ram_addr = qemu_ram_alloc(vga_ram_size);
 837
 838     /* BIOS load */
 839     if (bios_name == NULL)
 840         bios_name = BIOS_FILENAME;
 841     snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, bios_name);
 842     bios_size = get_image_size(buf);
 843     if (bios_size <= 0 ||
 844         (bios_size % 65536) != 0) {
 845         goto bios_error;
 846     }
 847     bios_offset = qemu_ram_alloc(bios_size);
 848     ret = load_image(buf, phys_ram_base + bios_offset);
 849     if (ret != bios_size) {
 850     bios_error:
 851         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load PC BIOS '%s'\n", buf);
 852         exit(1);
 853     }
 854
 855     /* VGA BIOS load */
 856     if (cirrus_vga_enabled) {
 857         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, VGABIOS_CIRRUS_FILENAME);
 858     } else {
 859         snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s/%s", bios_dir, VGABIOS_FILENAME);
 860     }
 861     vga_bios_size = get_image_size(buf);
 862     if (vga_bios_size <= 0 || vga_bios_size > 65536)
 863         goto vga_bios_error;
 864     vga_bios_offset = qemu_ram_alloc(65536);
 865
 866     ret = load_image(buf, phys_ram_base + vga_bios_offset);
 867     if (ret != vga_bios_size) {
 868     vga_bios_error:
 869         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: could not load VGA BIOS '%s'\n", buf);
 870         exit(1);
 871     }
 872
 873     /* setup basic memory access */
 874     cpu_register_physical_memory(0xc0000, 0x10000,
 875                                  vga_bios_offset | IO_MEM_ROM);
 876
 877     /* map the last 128KB of the BIOS in ISA space */
 878     isa_bios_size = bios_size;
 879     if (isa_bios_size > (128 * 1024))
 880         isa_bios_size = 128 * 1024;
 881     cpu_register_physical_memory(0x100000 - isa_bios_size,
 882                                  isa_bios_size,
 883                                  (bios_offset + bios_size - isa_bios_size) | IO_MEM_ROM);
 884
 885     {
 886         ram_addr_t option_rom_offset;
 887         int size, offset;
 888
 889         offset = 0;
 890         if (linux_boot) {
 891             option_rom_offset = qemu_ram_alloc(TARGET_PAGE_SIZE);
 892             load_linux(phys_ram_base + option_rom_offset,
 893                        kernel_filename, initrd_filename, kernel_cmdline);
 894             cpu_register_physical_memory(0xd0000, TARGET_PAGE_SIZE,
 895                                          option_rom_offset | IO_MEM_ROM);
 896             offset = TARGET_PAGE_SIZE;
 897         }
 898
 899         for (i = 0; i < nb_option_roms; i++) {
 900             size = get_image_size(option_rom[i]);
 901             if (size < 0) {
 902                 fprintf(stderr, "Could not load option rom '%s'\n",
 903                         option_rom[i]);
 904                 exit(1);
 905             }
 906             if (size > (0x10000 - offset))
 907                 goto option_rom_error;
 908             option_rom_offset = qemu_ram_alloc(size);
 909             ret = load_image(option_rom[i], phys_ram_base + option_rom_offset);
 910             if (ret != size) {
 911             option_rom_error:
 912                 fprintf(stderr, "Too many option ROMS\n");
 913                 exit(1);
 914             }
 915             size = (size + 4095) & ~4095;
 916             cpu_register_physical_memory(0xd0000 + offset,
 917                                          size, option_rom_offset | IO_MEM_ROM);
 918             offset += size;
 919         }
 920     }
 921
 922     /* map all the bios at the top of memory */
 923     cpu_register_physical_memory((uint32_t)(-bios_size),
 924                                  bios_size, bios_offset | IO_MEM_ROM);
 925
 926     bochs_bios_init();
 927
 928     cpu_irq = qemu_allocate_irqs(pic_irq_request, NULL, 1);
 929     i8259 = i8259_init(cpu_irq[0]);
 930     ferr_irq = i8259[13];
 931
 932     if (pci_enabled) {
 933         pci_bus = i440fx_init(&i440fx_state, i8259);
 934         piix3_devfn = piix3_init(pci_bus, -1);
 935     } else {
 936         pci_bus = NULL;
 937     }
 938
 939     /* init basic PC hardware */
 940     register_ioport_write(0x80, 1, 1, ioport80_write, NULL);
 941
 942     register_ioport_write(0xf0, 1, 1, ioportF0_write, NULL);
 943
 944     if (cirrus_vga_enabled) {
 945         if (pci_enabled) {
 946             pci_cirrus_vga_init(pci_bus,
 947                                 ds, phys_ram_base + vga_ram_addr,
 948                                 vga_ram_addr, vga_ram_size);
 949         } else {
 950             isa_cirrus_vga_init(ds, phys_ram_base + vga_ram_addr,
 951                                 vga_ram_addr, vga_ram_size);
 952         }
 953     } else if (vmsvga_enabled) {
 954         if (pci_enabled)
 955             pci_vmsvga_init(pci_bus, ds, phys_ram_base + vga_ram_addr,
 956                             vga_ram_addr, vga_ram_size);
 957         else
 958             fprintf(stderr, "%s: vmware_vga: no PCI bus\n", __FUNCTION__);
 959     } else {
 960         if (pci_enabled) {
 961             pci_vga_init(pci_bus, ds, phys_ram_base + vga_ram_addr,
 962                          vga_ram_addr, vga_ram_size, 0, 0);
 963         } else {
 964             isa_vga_init(ds, phys_ram_base + vga_ram_addr,
 965                          vga_ram_addr, vga_ram_size);
 966         }
 967     }
 968
 969     rtc_state = rtc_init(0x70, i8259[8]);
 970
 971     qemu_register_boot_set(pc_boot_set, rtc_state);
 972
 973     register_ioport_read(0x92, 1, 1, ioport92_read, NULL);
 974     register_ioport_write(0x92, 1, 1, ioport92_write, NULL);
 975
 976     if (pci_enabled) {
 977         ioapic = ioapic_init();
 978     }
 979     pit = pit_init(0x40, i8259[0]);
 980     pcspk_init(pit);
 981     if (!no_hpet) {
 982         hpet_init(i8259);
 983     }
 984     if (pci_enabled) {
 985         pic_set_alt_irq_func(isa_pic, ioapic_set_irq, ioapic);
 986     }
 987
 988     for(i = 0; i < MAX_SERIAL_PORTS; i++) {
 989         if (serial_hds[i]) {
 990             serial_init(serial_io[i], i8259[serial_irq[i]], 115200,
 991                         serial_hds[i]);
 992         }
 993     }
 994
 995     for(i = 0; i < MAX_PARALLEL_PORTS; i++) {
 996         if (parallel_hds[i]) {
 997             parallel_init(parallel_io[i], i8259[parallel_irq[i]],
 998                           parallel_hds[i]);
 999         }
1000     }
1001
1002     for(i = 0; i < nb_nics; i++) {
1003         nd = &nd_table[i];
1004         if (!nd->model) {
1005             if (pci_enabled) {
1006                 nd->model = "ne2k_pci";
1007             } else {
1008                 nd->model = "ne2k_isa";
1009             }
1010         }
1011         if (strcmp(nd->model, "ne2k_isa") == 0) {
1012             pc_init_ne2k_isa(nd, i8259);
1013         } else if (pci_enabled) {
1014             if (strcmp(nd->model, "?") == 0)
1015                 fprintf(stderr, "qemu: Supported ISA NICs: ne2k_isa\n");
1016             pci_nic_init(pci_bus, nd, -1);
1017         } else if (strcmp(nd->model, "?") == 0) {
1018             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: Supported ISA NICs: ne2k_isa\n");
1019             exit(1);
1020         } else {
1021             fprintf(stderr, "qemu: Unsupported NIC: %s\n", nd->model);
1022             exit(1);
1023         }
1024     }
1025
1026     if (drive_get_max_bus(IF_IDE) >= MAX_IDE_BUS) {
1027         fprintf(stderr, "qemu: too many IDE bus\n");
1028         exit(1);
1029     }
1030
1031     for(i = 0; i < MAX_IDE_BUS * MAX_IDE_DEVS; i++) {
1032         index = drive_get_index(IF_IDE, i / MAX_IDE_DEVS, i % MAX_IDE_DEVS);
1033         if (index != -1)
1034             hd[i] = drives_table[index].bdrv;
1035         else
1036             hd[i] = NULL;
1037     }
1038
1039     if (pci_enabled) {
1040         pci_piix3_ide_init(pci_bus, hd, piix3_devfn + 1, i8259);
1041     } else {
1042         for(i = 0; i < MAX_IDE_BUS; i++) {
1043             isa_ide_init(ide_iobase[i], ide_iobase2[i], i8259[ide_irq[i]],
1044                          hd[MAX_IDE_DEVS * i], hd[MAX_IDE_DEVS * i + 1]);
1045         }
1046     }
1047
1048     i8042_init(i8259[1], i8259[12], 0x60);
1049     DMA_init(0);
1050 #ifdef HAS_AUDIO
1051     audio_init(pci_enabled ? pci_bus : NULL, i8259);
1052 #endif
1053
1054     for(i = 0; i < MAX_FD; i++) {
1055         index = drive_get_index(IF_FLOPPY, 0, i);
1056         if (index != -1)
1057             fd[i] = drives_table[index].bdrv;
1058         else
1059             fd[i] = NULL;
1060     }
1061     floppy_controller = fdctrl_init(i8259[6], 2, 0, 0x3f0, fd);
1062
1063     cmos_init(below_4g_mem_size, above_4g_mem_size, boot_device, hd);
1064
1065     if (pci_enabled && usb_enabled) {
1066         usb_uhci_piix3_init(pci_bus, piix3_devfn + 2);
1067     }
1068
1069     if (pci_enabled && acpi_enabled) {
1070         uint8_t *eeprom_buf = qemu_mallocz(8 * 256); /* XXX: make this persistent */
1071         i2c_bus *smbus;
1072
1073         /* TODO: Populate SPD eeprom data.  */
1074         smbus = piix4_pm_init(pci_bus, piix3_devfn + 3, 0xb100, i8259[9]);
1075         for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
1076             smbus_eeprom_device_init(smbus, 0x50 + i, eeprom_buf + (i * 256));
1077         }
1078     }
1079
1080     if (i440fx_state) {
1081         i440fx_init_memory_mappings(i440fx_state);
1082     }
1083
1084     if (pci_enabled) {
1085         int max_bus;
1086         int bus, unit;
1087         void *scsi;
1088
1089         max_bus = drive_get_max_bus(IF_SCSI);
1090
1091         for (bus = 0; bus <= max_bus; bus++) {
1092             scsi = lsi_scsi_init(pci_bus, -1);
1093             for (unit = 0; unit < LSI_MAX_DEVS; unit++) {
1094                 index = drive_get_index(IF_SCSI, bus, unit);
1095                 if (index == -1)
1096                     continue;
1097                 lsi_scsi_attach(scsi, drives_table[index].bdrv, unit);
1098             }
1099         }
1100     }
1101
1102     /* Add virtio block devices */
1103     if (pci_enabled) {
1104         int index;
1105         int unit_id = 0;
1106
1107         while ((index = drive_get_index(IF_VIRTIO, 0, unit_id)) != -1) {
1108             virtio_blk_init(pci_bus, drives_table[index].bdrv);
1109             unit_id++;
1110         }
1111     }
1112
1113     /* Add virtio balloon device */
1114     if (pci_enabled)
1115         virtio_balloon_init(pci_bus);
1116 }
1117
1118 static void pc_init_pci(ram_addr_t ram_size, int vga_ram_size,
1119                         const char *boot_device, DisplayState *ds,
1120                         const char *kernel_filename,
1121                         const char *kernel_cmdline,
1122                         const char *initrd_filename,
1123                         const char *cpu_model)
1124 {
1125     pc_init1(ram_size, vga_ram_size, boot_device, ds,
1126              kernel_filename, kernel_cmdline,
1127              initrd_filename, 1, cpu_model);
1128 }
1129
1130 static void pc_init_isa(ram_addr_t ram_size, int vga_ram_size,
1131                         const char *boot_device, DisplayState *ds,
1132                         const char *kernel_filename,
1133                         const char *kernel_cmdline,
1134                         const char *initrd_filename,
1135                         const char *cpu_model)
1136 {
1137     pc_init1(ram_size, vga_ram_size, boot_device, ds,
1138              kernel_filename, kernel_cmdline,
1139              initrd_filename, 0, cpu_model);
1140 }
1141
1142 /* set CMOS shutdown status register (index 0xF) as S3_resume(0xFE)
1143    BIOS will read it and start S3 resume at POST Entry */
1144 void cmos_set_s3_resume(void)
1145 {
1146     if (rtc_state)
1147         rtc_set_memory(rtc_state, 0xF, 0xFE);
1148 }
1149
1150 QEMUMachine pc_machine = {
1151     .name = "pc",
1152     .desc = "Standard PC",
1153     .init = pc_init_pci,
1154     .ram_require = VGA_RAM_SIZE + PC_MAX_BIOS_SIZE,
1155     .max_cpus = 255,
1156 };
1157
1158 QEMUMachine isapc_machine = {
1159     .name = "isapc",
1160     .desc = "ISA-only PC",
1161     .init = pc_init_isa,
1162     .ram_require = VGA_RAM_SIZE + PC_MAX_BIOS_SIZE,
1163     .max_cpus = 1,
1164 };