qemu-io.c

   1 /*
   2  * Command line utility to exercise the QEMU I/O path.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2009 Red Hat, Inc.
   5  * Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
   6  *
   7  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
   8  * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
   9  */
  10 #include <sys/time.h>
  11 #include <sys/types.h>
  12 #include <stdarg.h>
  13 #include <stdio.h>
  14 #include <getopt.h>
  15 #include <libgen.h>
  16
  17 #include "qemu-common.h"
  18 #include "block_int.h"
  19 #include "cmd.h"
  20
  21 #define VERSION "0.0.1"
  22
  23 #define CMD_NOFILE_OK   0x01
  24
  25 char *progname;
  26 static BlockDriverState *bs;
  27
  28 static int misalign;
  29
  30 /*
  31  * Parse the pattern argument to various sub-commands.
  32  *
  33  * Because the pattern is used as an argument to memset it must evaluate
  34  * to an unsigned integer that fits into a single byte.
  35  */
  36 static int parse_pattern(const char *arg)
  37 {
  38         char *endptr = NULL;
  39         long pattern;
  40
  41         pattern = strtol(arg, &endptr, 0);
  42         if (pattern < 0 || pattern > UCHAR_MAX || *endptr != '\0') {
  43                 printf("%s is not a valid pattern byte\n", arg);
  44                 return -1;
  45         }
  46
  47         return pattern;
  48 }
  49
  50 /*
  51  * Memory allocation helpers.
  52  *
  53  * Make sure memory is aligned by default, or purposefully misaligned if
  54  * that is specified on the command line.
  55  */
  56
  57 #define MISALIGN_OFFSET         16
  58 static void *qemu_io_alloc(size_t len, int pattern)
  59 {
  60         void *buf;
  61
  62         if (misalign)
  63                 len += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
  64         buf = qemu_memalign(512, len);
  65         memset(buf, pattern, len);
  66         if (misalign)
  67                 buf += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
  68         return buf;
  69 }
  70
  71 static void qemu_io_free(void *p)
  72 {
  73         if (misalign)
  74                 p -= MISALIGN_OFFSET;
  75         qemu_vfree(p);
  76 }
  77
  78 static void
  79 dump_buffer(const void *buffer, int64_t offset, int len)
  80 {
  81         int i, j;
  82         const uint8_t *p;
  83
  84         for (i = 0, p = buffer; i < len; i += 16) {
  85                 const uint8_t *s = p;
  86
  87                 printf("%08llx:  ", (unsigned long long)offset + i);
  88                 for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, p++)
  89                         printf("%02x ", *p);
  90                 printf(" ");
  91                 for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, s++) {
  92                         if (isalnum(*s))
  93                                 printf("%c", *s);
  94                         else
  95                                 printf(".");
  96                 }
  97                 printf("\n");
  98         }
  99 }
 100
 101 static void
 102 print_report(const char *op, struct timeval *t, int64_t offset,
 103                 int count, int total, int cnt, int Cflag)
 104 {
 105         char s1[64], s2[64], ts[64];
 106
 107         timestr(t, ts, sizeof(ts), Cflag ? VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME : 0);
 108         if (!Cflag) {
 109                 cvtstr((double)total, s1, sizeof(s1));
 110                 cvtstr(tdiv((double)total, *t), s2, sizeof(s2));
 111                 printf("%s %d/%d bytes at offset %lld\n",
 112                         op, total, count, (long long)offset);
 113                 printf("%s, %d ops; %s (%s/sec and %.4f ops/sec)\n",
 114                         s1, cnt, ts, s2, tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
 115         } else {/* bytes,ops,time,bytes/sec,ops/sec */
 116                 printf("%d,%d,%s,%.3f,%.3f\n",
 117                         total, cnt, ts,
 118                         tdiv((double)total, *t),
 119                         tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
 120         }
 121 }
 122
 123 /*
 124  * Parse multiple length statements for vectored I/O, and construct an I/O
 125  * vector matching it.
 126  */
 127 static void *
 128 create_iovec(QEMUIOVector *qiov, char **argv, int nr_iov, int pattern)
 129 {
 130         size_t *sizes = calloc(nr_iov, sizeof(size_t));
 131         size_t count = 0;
 132         void *buf, *p;
 133         int i;
 134
 135         for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
 136                 char *arg = argv[i];
 137                 long long len;
 138
 139                 len = cvtnum(arg);
 140                 if (len < 0) {
 141                         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", arg);
 142                         return NULL;
 143                 }
 144
 145                 /* should be SIZE_T_MAX, but that doesn't exist */
 146                 if (len > UINT_MAX) {
 147                         printf("too large length argument -- %s\n", arg);
 148                         return NULL;
 149                 }
 150
 151                 if (len & 0x1ff) {
 152                         printf("length argument %lld is not sector aligned\n",
 153                                 len);
 154                         return NULL;
 155                 }
 156
 157                 sizes[i] = len;
 158                 count += len;
 159         }
 160
 161         qemu_iovec_init(qiov, nr_iov);
 162
 163         buf = p = qemu_io_alloc(count, pattern);
 164
 165         for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
 166                 qemu_iovec_add(qiov, p, sizes[i]);
 167                 p += sizes[i];
 168         }
 169
 170         free(sizes);
 171         return buf;
 172 }
 173
 174 static int do_read(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 175 {
 176         int ret;
 177
 178         ret = bdrv_read(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9);
 179         if (ret < 0)
 180                 return ret;
 181         *total = count;
 182         return 1;
 183 }
 184
 185 static int do_write(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 186 {
 187         int ret;
 188
 189         ret = bdrv_write(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9);
 190         if (ret < 0)
 191                 return ret;
 192         *total = count;
 193         return 1;
 194 }
 195
 196 static int do_pread(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 197 {
 198         *total = bdrv_pread(bs, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, count);
 199         if (*total < 0)
 200                 return *total;
 201         return 1;
 202 }
 203
 204 static int do_pwrite(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 205 {
 206         *total = bdrv_pwrite(bs, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, count);
 207         if (*total < 0)
 208                 return *total;
 209         return 1;
 210 }
 211
 212 static int do_load_vmstate(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 213 {
 214         *total = bdrv_load_vmstate(bs, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
 215         if (*total < 0)
 216                 return *total;
 217         return 1;
 218 }
 219
 220 static int do_save_vmstate(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 221 {
 222         *total = bdrv_save_vmstate(bs, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
 223         if (*total < 0)
 224                 return *total;
 225         return 1;
 226 }
 227
 228 #define NOT_DONE 0x7fffffff
 229 static void aio_rw_done(void *opaque, int ret)
 230 {
 231         *(int *)opaque = ret;
 232 }
 233
 234 static int do_aio_readv(QEMUIOVector *qiov, int64_t offset, int *total)
 235 {
 236         BlockDriverAIOCB *acb;
 237         int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
 238
 239         acb = bdrv_aio_readv(bs, offset >> 9, qiov, qiov->size >> 9,
 240                              aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
 241         if (!acb)
 242                 return -EIO;
 243
 244         while (async_ret == NOT_DONE)
 245                 qemu_aio_wait();
 246
 247         *total = qiov->size;
 248         return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
 249 }
 250
 251 static int do_aio_writev(QEMUIOVector *qiov, int64_t offset, int *total)
 252 {
 253         BlockDriverAIOCB *acb;
 254         int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
 255
 256         acb = bdrv_aio_writev(bs, offset >> 9, qiov, qiov->size >> 9,
 257                               aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
 258         if (!acb)
 259                 return -EIO;
 260
 261         while (async_ret == NOT_DONE)
 262                 qemu_aio_wait();
 263
 264         *total = qiov->size;
 265         return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
 266 }
 267
 268
 269 static const cmdinfo_t read_cmd;
 270
 271 static void
 272 read_help(void)
 273 {
 274         printf(
 275 "\n"
 276 " reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
 277 "\n"
 278 " Example:\n"
 279 " 'read -v 512 1k' - dumps 1 kilobyte read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
 280 "\n"
 281 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
 282 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
 283 " -b, -- read from the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
 284 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 285 " -l, -- length for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
 286 " -p, -- use bdrv_pread to read the file\n"
 287 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
 288 " -q, -- quite mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
 289 " -s, -- start offset for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
 290 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
 291 "\n");
 292 }
 293
 294 static int
 295 read_f(int argc, char **argv)
 296 {
 297         struct timeval t1, t2;
 298         int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0, vflag = 0;
 299         int Pflag = 0, sflag = 0, lflag = 0, bflag = 0;
 300         int c, cnt;
 301         char *buf;
 302         int64_t offset;
 303         int count;
 304         /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
 305         int total = 0;
 306         int pattern = 0, pattern_offset = 0, pattern_count = 0;
 307
 308         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bCl:pP:qs:v")) != EOF) {
 309                 switch (c) {
 310                 case 'b':
 311                         bflag = 1;
 312                         break;
 313                 case 'C':
 314                         Cflag = 1;
 315                         break;
 316                 case 'l':
 317                         lflag = 1;
 318                         pattern_count = cvtnum(optarg);
 319                         if (pattern_count < 0) {
 320                                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", optarg);
 321                                 return 0;
 322                         }
 323                         break;
 324                 case 'p':
 325                         pflag = 1;
 326                         break;
 327                 case 'P':
 328                         Pflag = 1;
 329                         pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
 330                         if (pattern < 0)
 331                                 return 0;
 332                         break;
 333                 case 'q':
 334                         qflag = 1;
 335                         break;
 336                 case 's':
 337                         sflag = 1;
 338                         pattern_offset = cvtnum(optarg);
 339                         if (pattern_offset < 0) {
 340                                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", optarg);
 341                                 return 0;
 342                         }
 343                         break;
 344                 case 'v':
 345                         vflag = 1;
 346                         break;
 347                 default:
 348                         return command_usage(&read_cmd);
 349                 }
 350         }
 351
 352         if (optind != argc - 2)
 353                 return command_usage(&read_cmd);
 354
 355         if (bflag && pflag) {
 356                 printf("-b and -p cannot be specified at the same time\n");
 357                 return 0;
 358         }
 359
 360         offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 361         if (offset < 0) {
 362                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 363                 return 0;
 364         }
 365
 366         optind++;
 367         count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 368         if (count < 0) {
 369                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 370                 return 0;
 371         }
 372
 373     if (!Pflag && (lflag || sflag)) {
 374         return command_usage(&read_cmd);
 375     }
 376
 377     if (!lflag) {
 378         pattern_count = count - pattern_offset;
 379     }
 380
 381     if ((pattern_count < 0) || (pattern_count + pattern_offset > count))  {
 382         printf("pattern verfication range exceeds end of read data\n");
 383         return 0;
 384     }
 385
 386         if (!pflag)
 387                 if (offset & 0x1ff) {
 388                         printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
 389                                 (long long)offset);
 390                         return 0;
 391
 392                 if (count & 0x1ff) {
 393                         printf("count %d is not sector aligned\n",
 394                                 count);
 395                         return 0;
 396                 }
 397         }
 398
 399         buf = qemu_io_alloc(count, 0xab);
 400
 401         gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
 402         if (pflag)
 403                 cnt = do_pread(buf, offset, count, &total);
 404         else if (bflag)
 405                 cnt = do_load_vmstate(buf, offset, count, &total);
 406         else
 407                 cnt = do_read(buf, offset, count, &total);
 408         gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 409
 410         if (cnt < 0) {
 411                 printf("read failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
 412                 goto out;
 413         }
 414
 415         if (Pflag) {
 416                 void* cmp_buf = malloc(pattern_count);
 417                 memset(cmp_buf, pattern, pattern_count);
 418                 if (memcmp(buf + pattern_offset, cmp_buf, pattern_count)) {
 419                         printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %lld, "
 420                                 "%d bytes\n",
 421                                 (long long) offset + pattern_offset, pattern_count);
 422                 }
 423                 free(cmp_buf);
 424         }
 425
 426         if (qflag)
 427                 goto out;
 428
 429         if (vflag)
 430                 dump_buffer(buf, offset, count);
 431
 432         /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 433         t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
 434         print_report("read", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
 435
 436 out:
 437         qemu_io_free(buf);
 438
 439         return 0;
 440 }
 441
 442 static const cmdinfo_t read_cmd = {
 443         .name           = "read",
 444         .altname        = "r",
 445         .cfunc          = read_f,
 446         .argmin         = 2,
 447         .argmax         = -1,
 448         .args           = "[-abCpqv] [-P pattern [-s off] [-l len]] off len",
 449         .oneline        = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
 450         .help           = read_help,
 451 };
 452
 453 static const cmdinfo_t readv_cmd;
 454
 455 static void
 456 readv_help(void)
 457 {
 458         printf(
 459 "\n"
 460 " reads a range of bytes from the given offset into multiple buffers\n"
 461 "\n"
 462 " Example:\n"
 463 " 'readv -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
 464 "\n"
 465 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
 466 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
 467 " Uses multiple iovec buffers if more than one byte range is specified.\n"
 468 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 469 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
 470 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
 471 " -q, -- quite mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
 472 "\n");
 473 }
 474
 475 static int
 476 readv_f(int argc, char **argv)
 477 {
 478         struct timeval t1, t2;
 479         int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0, vflag = 0;
 480         int c, cnt;
 481         char *buf;
 482         int64_t offset;
 483         int total;
 484         int nr_iov;
 485         QEMUIOVector qiov;
 486         int pattern = 0;
 487         int Pflag = 0;
 488
 489         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != EOF) {
 490                 switch (c) {
 491                 case 'C':
 492                         Cflag = 1;
 493                         break;
 494                 case 'P':
 495                         Pflag = 1;
 496                         pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
 497                         if (pattern < 0)
 498                                 return 0;
 499                         break;
 500                 case 'q':
 501                         qflag = 1;
 502                         break;
 503                 case 'v':
 504                         vflag = 1;
 505                         break;
 506                 default:
 507                         return command_usage(&readv_cmd);
 508                 }
 509         }
 510
 511         if (optind > argc - 2)
 512                 return command_usage(&readv_cmd);
 513
 514
 515         offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 516         if (offset < 0) {
 517                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 518                 return 0;
 519         }
 520         optind++;
 521
 522         if (offset & 0x1ff) {
 523                 printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
 524                         (long long)offset);
 525                 return 0;
 526         }
 527
 528         nr_iov = argc - optind;
 529         buf = create_iovec(&qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
 530
 531         gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
 532         cnt = do_aio_readv(&qiov, offset, &total);
 533         gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 534
 535         if (cnt < 0) {
 536                 printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
 537                 goto out;
 538         }
 539
 540         if (Pflag) {
 541                 void* cmp_buf = malloc(qiov.size);
 542                 memset(cmp_buf, pattern, qiov.size);
 543                 if (memcmp(buf, cmp_buf, qiov.size)) {
 544                         printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %lld, "
 545                                 "%zd bytes\n",
 546                                 (long long) offset, qiov.size);
 547                 }
 548                 free(cmp_buf);
 549         }
 550
 551         if (qflag)
 552                 goto out;
 553
 554         if (vflag)
 555                 dump_buffer(buf, offset, qiov.size);
 556
 557         /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 558         t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
 559         print_report("read", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
 560
 561 out:
 562         qemu_io_free(buf);
 563         return 0;
 564 }
 565
 566 static const cmdinfo_t readv_cmd = {
 567         .name           = "readv",
 568         .cfunc          = readv_f,
 569         .argmin         = 2,
 570         .argmax         = -1,
 571         .args           = "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
 572         .oneline        = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
 573         .help           = readv_help,
 574 };
 575
 576 static const cmdinfo_t write_cmd;
 577
 578 static void
 579 write_help(void)
 580 {
 581         printf(
 582 "\n"
 583 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
 584 "\n"
 585 " Example:\n"
 586 " 'write 512 1k' - writes 1 kilobyte at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
 587 "\n"
 588 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
 589 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
 590 " -b, -- write to the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
 591 " -p, -- use bdrv_pwrite to write the file\n"
 592 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
 593 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 594 " -q, -- quite mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
 595 "\n");
 596 }
 597
 598 static int
 599 write_f(int argc, char **argv)
 600 {
 601         struct timeval t1, t2;
 602         int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0, bflag = 0;
 603         int c, cnt;
 604         char *buf;
 605         int64_t offset;
 606         int count;
 607         /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
 608         int total = 0;
 609         int pattern = 0xcd;
 610
 611         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bCpP:q")) != EOF) {
 612                 switch (c) {
 613                 case 'b':
 614                         bflag = 1;
 615                         break;
 616                 case 'C':
 617                         Cflag = 1;
 618                         break;
 619                 case 'p':
 620                         pflag = 1;
 621                         break;
 622                 case 'P':
 623                         pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
 624                         if (pattern < 0)
 625                                 return 0;
 626                         break;
 627                 case 'q':
 628                         qflag = 1;
 629                         break;
 630                 default:
 631                         return command_usage(&write_cmd);
 632                 }
 633         }
 634
 635         if (optind != argc - 2)
 636                 return command_usage(&write_cmd);
 637
 638         if (bflag && pflag) {
 639                 printf("-b and -p cannot be specified at the same time\n");
 640                 return 0;
 641         }
 642
 643         offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 644         if (offset < 0) {
 645                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 646                 return 0;
 647         }
 648
 649         optind++;
 650         count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 651         if (count < 0) {
 652                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 653                 return 0;
 654         }
 655
 656         if (!pflag) {
 657                 if (offset & 0x1ff) {
 658                         printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
 659                                 (long long)offset);
 660                         return 0;
 661                 }
 662
 663                 if (count & 0x1ff) {
 664                         printf("count %d is not sector aligned\n",
 665                                 count);
 666                         return 0;
 667                 }
 668         }
 669
 670         buf = qemu_io_alloc(count, pattern);
 671
 672         gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
 673         if (pflag)
 674                 cnt = do_pwrite(buf, offset, count, &total);
 675         else if (bflag)
 676                 cnt = do_save_vmstate(buf, offset, count, &total);
 677         else
 678                 cnt = do_write(buf, offset, count, &total);
 679         gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 680
 681         if (cnt < 0) {
 682                 printf("write failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
 683                 goto out;
 684         }
 685
 686         if (qflag)
 687                 goto out;
 688
 689         /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 690         t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
 691         print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
 692
 693 out:
 694         qemu_io_free(buf);
 695
 696         return 0;
 697 }
 698
 699 static const cmdinfo_t write_cmd = {
 700         .name           = "write",
 701         .altname        = "w",
 702         .cfunc          = write_f,
 703         .argmin         = 2,
 704         .argmax         = -1,
 705         .args           = "[-abCpq] [-P pattern ] off len",
 706         .oneline        = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
 707         .help           = write_help,
 708 };
 709
 710 static const cmdinfo_t writev_cmd;
 711
 712 static void
 713 writev_help(void)
 714 {
 715         printf(
 716 "\n"
 717 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset source from multiple buffers\n"
 718 "\n"
 719 " Example:\n"
 720 " 'write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
 721 "\n"
 722 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
 723 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
 724 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
 725 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 726 " -q, -- quite mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
 727 "\n");
 728 }
 729
 730 static int
 731 writev_f(int argc, char **argv)
 732 {
 733         struct timeval t1, t2;
 734         int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
 735         int c, cnt;
 736         char *buf;
 737         int64_t offset;
 738         int total;
 739         int nr_iov;
 740         int pattern = 0xcd;
 741         QEMUIOVector qiov;
 742
 743         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
 744                 switch (c) {
 745                 case 'C':
 746                         Cflag = 1;
 747                         break;
 748                 case 'q':
 749                         qflag = 1;
 750                         break;
 751                 case 'P':
 752                         pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
 753                         if (pattern < 0)
 754                                 return 0;
 755                         break;
 756                 default:
 757                         return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
 758                 }
 759         }
 760
 761         if (optind > argc - 2)
 762                 return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
 763
 764         offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 765         if (offset < 0) {
 766                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 767                 return 0;
 768         }
 769         optind++;
 770
 771         if (offset & 0x1ff) {
 772                 printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
 773                         (long long)offset);
 774                 return 0;
 775         }
 776
 777         nr_iov = argc - optind;
 778         buf = create_iovec(&qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
 779
 780         gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
 781         cnt = do_aio_writev(&qiov, offset, &total);
 782         gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 783
 784         if (cnt < 0) {
 785                 printf("writev failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
 786                 goto out;
 787         }
 788
 789         if (qflag)
 790                 goto out;
 791
 792         /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 793         t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
 794         print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
 795 out:
 796         qemu_io_free(buf);
 797         return 0;
 798 }
 799
 800 static const cmdinfo_t writev_cmd = {
 801         .name           = "writev",
 802         .cfunc          = writev_f,
 803         .argmin         = 2,
 804         .argmax         = -1,
 805         .args           = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
 806         .oneline        = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
 807         .help           = writev_help,
 808 };
 809
 810 struct aio_ctx {
 811         QEMUIOVector qiov;
 812         int64_t offset;
 813         char *buf;
 814         int qflag;
 815         int vflag;
 816         int Cflag;
 817         int Pflag;
 818         int pattern;
 819         struct timeval t1;
 820 };
 821
 822 static void
 823 aio_write_done(void *opaque, int ret)
 824 {
 825         struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
 826         struct timeval t2;
 827
 828         gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 829
 830
 831         if (ret < 0) {
 832                 printf("aio_write failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
 833                 goto out;
 834         }
 835
 836         if (ctx->qflag) {
 837                 goto out;
 838         }
 839
 840         /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 841         t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
 842         print_report("wrote", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
 843                      ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
 844 out:
 845         qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
 846         free(ctx);
 847 }
 848
 849 static const cmdinfo_t aio_read_cmd;
 850
 851 static void
 852 aio_read_done(void *opaque, int ret)
 853 {
 854         struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
 855         struct timeval t2;
 856
 857         gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 858
 859         if (ret < 0) {
 860                 printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
 861                 goto out;
 862         }
 863
 864         if (ctx->Pflag) {
 865                 void *cmp_buf = malloc(ctx->qiov.size);
 866
 867                 memset(cmp_buf, ctx->pattern, ctx->qiov.size);
 868                 if (memcmp(ctx->buf, cmp_buf, ctx->qiov.size)) {
 869                         printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %lld, "
 870                                 "%zd bytes\n",
 871                                 (long long) ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
 872                 }
 873                 free(cmp_buf);
 874         }
 875
 876         if (ctx->qflag) {
 877                 goto out;
 878         }
 879
 880         if (ctx->vflag) {
 881                 dump_buffer(ctx->buf, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
 882         }
 883
 884         /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 885         t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
 886         print_report("read", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
 887                      ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
 888 out:
 889         qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
 890         free(ctx);
 891 }
 892
 893 static void
 894 aio_read_help(void)
 895 {
 896         printf(
 897 "\n"
 898 " asynchronously reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
 899 "\n"
 900 " Example:\n"
 901 " 'aio_read -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
 902 "\n"
 903 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
 904 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
 905 " The read is performed asynchronously and should the aio_flush command \n"
 906 " should be used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed\n"
 907 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 908 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
 909 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
 910 " -q, -- quite mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
 911 "\n");
 912 }
 913
 914 static int
 915 aio_read_f(int argc, char **argv)
 916 {
 917         int nr_iov, c;
 918         struct aio_ctx *ctx = calloc(1, sizeof(struct aio_ctx));
 919         BlockDriverAIOCB *acb;
 920
 921         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != EOF) {
 922                 switch (c) {
 923                 case 'C':
 924                         ctx->Cflag = 1;
 925                         break;
 926                 case 'P':
 927                         ctx->Pflag = 1;
 928                         ctx->pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
 929                         if (ctx->pattern < 0)
 930                                 return 0;
 931                         break;
 932                 case 'q':
 933                         ctx->qflag = 1;
 934                         break;
 935                 case 'v':
 936                         ctx->vflag = 1;
 937                         break;
 938                 default:
 939                         free(ctx);
 940                         return command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
 941                 }
 942         }
 943
 944         if (optind > argc - 2) {
 945                 free(ctx);
 946                 return command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
 947         }
 948
 949         ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 950         if (ctx->offset < 0) {
 951                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 952                 free(ctx);
 953                 return 0;
 954         }
 955         optind++;
 956
 957         if (ctx->offset & 0x1ff) {
 958                 printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
 959                         (long long)ctx->offset);
 960                 free(ctx);
 961                 return 0;
 962         }
 963
 964         nr_iov = argc - optind;
 965         ctx->buf = create_iovec(&ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
 966
 967         gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL);
 968         acb = bdrv_aio_readv(bs, ctx->offset >> 9, &ctx->qiov,
 969                               ctx->qiov.size >> 9, aio_read_done, ctx);
 970         if (!acb) {
 971                 free(ctx->buf);
 972                 free(ctx);
 973                 return -EIO;
 974         }
 975
 976         return 0;
 977 }
 978
 979 static const cmdinfo_t aio_read_cmd = {
 980         .name           = "aio_read",
 981         .cfunc          = aio_read_f,
 982         .argmin         = 2,
 983         .argmax         = -1,
 984         .args           = "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
 985         .oneline        = "asynchronously reads a number of bytes",
 986         .help           = aio_read_help,
 987 };
 988
 989 static const cmdinfo_t aio_write_cmd;
 990
 991 static void
 992 aio_write_help(void)
 993 {
 994         printf(
 995 "\n"
 996 " asynchronously writes a range of bytes from the given offset source \n"
 997 " from multiple buffers\n"
 998 "\n"
 999 " Example:\n"
1000 " 'aio_write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
1001 "\n"
1002 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
1003 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
1004 " The write is performed asynchronously and should the aio_flush command \n"
1005 " should be used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed\n"
1006 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
1007 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1008 " -q, -- quite mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1009 "\n");
1010 }
1011
1012
1013 static int
1014 aio_write_f(int argc, char **argv)
1015 {
1016         int nr_iov, c;
1017         int pattern = 0xcd;
1018         struct aio_ctx *ctx = calloc(1, sizeof(struct aio_ctx));
1019         BlockDriverAIOCB *acb;
1020
1021         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
1022                 switch (c) {
1023                 case 'C':
1024                         ctx->Cflag = 1;
1025                         break;
1026                 case 'q':
1027                         ctx->qflag = 1;
1028                         break;
1029                 case 'P':
1030                         pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
1031                         if (pattern < 0)
1032                                 return 0;
1033                         break;
1034                 default:
1035                         free(ctx);
1036                         return command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
1037                 }
1038         }
1039
1040         if (optind > argc - 2) {
1041                 free(ctx);
1042                 return command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
1043         }
1044
1045         ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1046         if (ctx->offset < 0) {
1047                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1048                 free(ctx);
1049                 return 0;
1050         }
1051         optind++;
1052
1053         if (ctx->offset & 0x1ff) {
1054                 printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
1055                         (long long)ctx->offset);
1056                 free(ctx);
1057                 return 0;
1058         }
1059
1060         nr_iov = argc - optind;
1061         ctx->buf = create_iovec(&ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
1062
1063         gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL);
1064         acb = bdrv_aio_writev(bs, ctx->offset >> 9, &ctx->qiov,
1065                               ctx->qiov.size >> 9, aio_write_done, ctx);
1066         if (!acb) {
1067                 free(ctx->buf);
1068                 free(ctx);
1069                 return -EIO;
1070         }
1071
1072         return 0;
1073 }
1074
1075 static const cmdinfo_t aio_write_cmd = {
1076         .name           = "aio_write",
1077         .cfunc          = aio_write_f,
1078         .argmin         = 2,
1079         .argmax         = -1,
1080         .args           = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
1081         .oneline        = "asynchronously writes a number of bytes",
1082         .help           = aio_write_help,
1083 };
1084
1085 static int
1086 aio_flush_f(int argc, char **argv)
1087 {
1088         qemu_aio_flush();
1089         return 0;
1090 }
1091
1092 static const cmdinfo_t aio_flush_cmd = {
1093         .name           = "aio_flush",
1094         .cfunc          = aio_flush_f,
1095         .oneline        = "completes all outstanding aio requets"
1096 };
1097
1098 static int
1099 flush_f(int argc, char **argv)
1100 {
1101         bdrv_flush(bs);
1102         return 0;
1103 }
1104
1105 static const cmdinfo_t flush_cmd = {
1106         .name           = "flush",
1107         .altname        = "f",
1108         .cfunc          = flush_f,
1109         .oneline        = "flush all in-core file state to disk",
1110 };
1111
1112 static int
1113 truncate_f(int argc, char **argv)
1114 {
1115         int64_t offset;
1116         int ret;
1117
1118         offset = cvtnum(argv[1]);
1119         if (offset < 0) {
1120                 printf("non-numeric truncate argument -- %s\n", argv[1]);
1121                 return 0;
1122         }
1123
1124         ret = bdrv_truncate(bs, offset);
1125         if (ret < 0) {
1126                 printf("truncate: %s", strerror(ret));
1127                 return 0;
1128         }
1129
1130         return 0;
1131 }
1132
1133 static const cmdinfo_t truncate_cmd = {
1134         .name           = "truncate",
1135         .altname        = "t",
1136         .cfunc          = truncate_f,
1137         .argmin         = 1,
1138         .argmax         = 1,
1139         .args           = "off",
1140         .oneline        = "truncates the current file at the given offset",
1141 };
1142
1143 static int
1144 length_f(int argc, char **argv)
1145 {
1146         int64_t size;
1147         char s1[64];
1148
1149         size = bdrv_getlength(bs);
1150         if (size < 0) {
1151                 printf("getlength: %s", strerror(size));
1152                 return 0;
1153         }
1154
1155         cvtstr(size, s1, sizeof(s1));
1156         printf("%s\n", s1);
1157         return 0;
1158 }
1159
1160
1161 static const cmdinfo_t length_cmd = {
1162         .name           = "length",
1163         .altname        = "l",
1164         .cfunc          = length_f,
1165         .oneline        = "gets the length of the current file",
1166 };
1167
1168
1169 static int
1170 info_f(int argc, char **argv)
1171 {
1172         BlockDriverInfo bdi;
1173         char s1[64], s2[64];
1174         int ret;
1175
1176         if (bs->drv && bs->drv->format_name)
1177                 printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->format_name);
1178         if (bs->drv && bs->drv->protocol_name)
1179                 printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->protocol_name);
1180
1181         ret = bdrv_get_info(bs, &bdi);
1182         if (ret)
1183                 return 0;
1184
1185         cvtstr(bdi.cluster_size, s1, sizeof(s1));
1186         cvtstr(bdi.vm_state_offset, s2, sizeof(s2));
1187
1188         printf("cluster size: %s\n", s1);
1189         printf("vm state offset: %s\n", s2);
1190
1191         return 0;
1192 }
1193
1194
1195
1196 static const cmdinfo_t info_cmd = {
1197         .name           = "info",
1198         .altname        = "i",
1199         .cfunc          = info_f,
1200         .oneline        = "prints information about the current file",
1201 };
1202
1203 static int
1204 alloc_f(int argc, char **argv)
1205 {
1206         int64_t offset;
1207         int nb_sectors, remaining;
1208         char s1[64];
1209         int num, sum_alloc;
1210         int ret;
1211
1212         offset = cvtnum(argv[1]);
1213         if (offset & 0x1ff) {
1214                 printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
1215                         (long long)offset);
1216                 return 0;
1217         }
1218
1219         if (argc == 3)
1220                 nb_sectors = cvtnum(argv[2]);
1221         else
1222                 nb_sectors = 1;
1223
1224         remaining = nb_sectors;
1225         sum_alloc = 0;
1226         while (remaining) {
1227                 ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, offset >> 9, nb_sectors, &num);
1228                 remaining -= num;
1229                 if (ret) {
1230                         sum_alloc += num;
1231                 }
1232         }
1233
1234         cvtstr(offset, s1, sizeof(s1));
1235
1236         if (nb_sectors == 1)
1237                 printf("sector allocated at offset %s\n", s1);
1238         else
1239                 printf("%d/%d sectors allocated at offset %s\n",
1240                         sum_alloc, nb_sectors, s1);
1241         return 0;
1242 }
1243
1244 static const cmdinfo_t alloc_cmd = {
1245         .name           = "alloc",
1246         .altname        = "a",
1247         .argmin         = 1,
1248         .argmax         = 2,
1249         .cfunc          = alloc_f,
1250         .args           = "off [sectors]",
1251         .oneline        = "checks if a sector is present in the file",
1252 };
1253
1254 static int
1255 close_f(int argc, char **argv)
1256 {
1257         bdrv_close(bs);
1258         bs = NULL;
1259         return 0;
1260 }
1261
1262 static const cmdinfo_t close_cmd = {
1263         .name           = "close",
1264         .altname        = "c",
1265         .cfunc          = close_f,
1266         .oneline        = "close the current open file",
1267 };
1268
1269 static int openfile(char *name, int flags, int growable)
1270 {
1271         if (bs) {
1272                 fprintf(stderr, "file open already, try 'help close'\n");
1273                 return 1;
1274         }
1275
1276         bs = bdrv_new("hda");
1277         if (!bs)
1278                 return 1;
1279
1280         if (growable) {
1281                 flags |= BDRV_O_FILE;
1282         }
1283
1284         if (bdrv_open(bs, name, flags) == -1) {
1285                 fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open device %s\n", progname, name);
1286                 bs = NULL;
1287                 return 1;
1288         }
1289
1290         if (growable) {
1291                 bs->growable = 1;
1292         }
1293         return 0;
1294 }
1295
1296 static void
1297 open_help(void)
1298 {
1299         printf(
1300 "\n"
1301 " opens a new file in the requested mode\n"
1302 "\n"
1303 " Example:\n"
1304 " 'open -Cn /tmp/data' - creates/opens data file read-write and uncached\n"
1305 "\n"
1306 " Opens a file for subsequent use by all of the other qemu-io commands.\n"
1307 " -C, -- create new file if it doesn't exist\n"
1308 " -r, -- open file read-only\n"
1309 " -s, -- use snapshot file\n"
1310 " -n, -- disable host cache\n"
1311 " -g, -- allow file to grow (only applies to protocols)"
1312 "\n");
1313 }
1314
1315 static const cmdinfo_t open_cmd;
1316
1317 static int
1318 open_f(int argc, char **argv)
1319 {
1320         int flags = 0;
1321         int readonly = 0;
1322         int growable = 0;
1323         int c;
1324
1325         while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "snCrg")) != EOF) {
1326                 switch (c) {
1327                 case 's':
1328                         flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
1329                         break;
1330                 case 'n':
1331                         flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
1332                         break;
1333                 case 'C':
1334                         flags |= BDRV_O_CREAT;
1335                         break;
1336                 case 'r':
1337                         readonly = 1;
1338                         break;
1339                 case 'g':
1340                         growable = 1;
1341                         break;
1342                 default:
1343                         return command_usage(&open_cmd);
1344                 }
1345         }
1346
1347         if (readonly)
1348                 flags |= BDRV_O_RDONLY;
1349         else
1350                 flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
1351
1352         if (optind != argc - 1)
1353                 return command_usage(&open_cmd);
1354
1355         return openfile(argv[optind], flags, growable);
1356 }
1357
1358 static const cmdinfo_t open_cmd = {
1359         .name           = "open",
1360         .altname        = "o",
1361         .cfunc          = open_f,
1362         .argmin         = 1,
1363         .argmax         = -1,
1364         .flags          = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
1365         .args           = "[-Crsn] [path]",
1366         .oneline        = "open the file specified by path",
1367         .help           = open_help,
1368 };
1369
1370 static int
1371 init_args_command(
1372         int     index)
1373 {
1374         /* only one device allowed so far */
1375         if (index >= 1)
1376                 return 0;
1377         return ++index;
1378 }
1379
1380 static int
1381 init_check_command(
1382         const cmdinfo_t *ct)
1383 {
1384         if (ct->flags & CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL)
1385                 return 1;
1386         if (!(ct->flags & CMD_NOFILE_OK) && !bs) {
1387                 fprintf(stderr, "no file open, try 'help open'\n");
1388                 return 0;
1389         }
1390         return 1;
1391 }
1392
1393 static void usage(const char *name)
1394 {
1395         printf(
1396 "Usage: %s [-h] [-V] [-Crsnm] [-c cmd] ... [file]\n"
1397 "QEMU Disk exerciser\n"
1398 "\n"
1399 "  -C, --create         create new file if it doesn't exist\n"
1400 "  -c, --cmd            command to execute\n"
1401 "  -r, --read-only      export read-only\n"
1402 "  -s, --snapshot       use snapshot file\n"
1403 "  -n, --nocache        disable host cache\n"
1404 "  -g, --growable       allow file to grow (only applies to protocols)\n"
1405 "  -m, --misalign       misalign allocations for O_DIRECT\n"
1406 "  -k, --native-aio     use kernel AIO implementation (on Linux only)\n"
1407 "  -h, --help           display this help and exit\n"
1408 "  -V, --version        output version information and exit\n"
1409 "\n",
1410         name);
1411 }
1412
1413
1414 int main(int argc, char **argv)
1415 {
1416         int readonly = 0;
1417         int growable = 0;
1418         const char *sopt = "hVc:Crsnmgk";
1419         struct option lopt[] = {
1420                 { "help", 0, NULL, 'h' },
1421                 { "version", 0, NULL, 'V' },
1422                 { "offset", 1, NULL, 'o' },
1423                 { "cmd", 1, NULL, 'c' },
1424                 { "create", 0, NULL, 'C' },
1425                 { "read-only", 0, NULL, 'r' },
1426                 { "snapshot", 0, NULL, 's' },
1427                 { "nocache", 0, NULL, 'n' },
1428                 { "misalign", 0, NULL, 'm' },
1429                 { "growable", 0, NULL, 'g' },
1430                 { "native-aio", 0, NULL, 'k' },
1431                 { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
1432         };
1433         int c;
1434         int opt_index = 0;
1435         int flags = 0;
1436
1437         progname = basename(argv[0]);
1438
1439         while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_index)) != -1) {
1440                 switch (c) {
1441                 case 's':
1442                         flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
1443                         break;
1444                 case 'n':
1445                         flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE;
1446                         break;
1447                 case 'c':
1448                         add_user_command(optarg);
1449                         break;
1450                 case 'C':
1451                         flags |= BDRV_O_CREAT;
1452                         break;
1453                 case 'r':
1454                         readonly = 1;
1455                         break;
1456                 case 'm':
1457                         misalign = 1;
1458                         break;
1459                 case 'g':
1460                         growable = 1;
1461                         break;
1462                 case 'k':
1463                         flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
1464                         break;
1465                 case 'V':
1466                         printf("%s version %s\n", progname, VERSION);
1467                         exit(0);
1468                 case 'h':
1469                         usage(progname);
1470                         exit(0);
1471                 default:
1472                         usage(progname);
1473                         exit(1);
1474                 }
1475         }
1476
1477         if ((argc - optind) > 1) {
1478                 usage(progname);
1479                 exit(1);
1480         }
1481
1482         bdrv_init();
1483
1484         /* initialize commands */
1485         quit_init();
1486         help_init();
1487         add_command(&open_cmd);
1488         add_command(&close_cmd);
1489         add_command(&read_cmd);
1490         add_command(&readv_cmd);
1491         add_command(&write_cmd);
1492         add_command(&writev_cmd);
1493         add_command(&aio_read_cmd);
1494         add_command(&aio_write_cmd);
1495         add_command(&aio_flush_cmd);
1496         add_command(&flush_cmd);
1497         add_command(&truncate_cmd);
1498         add_command(&length_cmd);
1499         add_command(&info_cmd);
1500         add_command(&alloc_cmd);
1501
1502         add_args_command(init_args_command);
1503         add_check_command(init_check_command);
1504
1505         /* open the device */
1506         if (readonly)
1507                 flags |= BDRV_O_RDONLY;
1508         else
1509                 flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
1510
1511         if ((argc - optind) == 1)
1512                 openfile(argv[optind], flags, growable);
1513         command_loop();
1514
1515         /*
1516          * Make sure all outstanding requests get flushed the program exits.
1517          */
1518         qemu_aio_flush();
1519
1520         if (bs)
1521                 bdrv_close(bs);
1522         return 0;
1523 }