1 .. _Supported-build-platforms:
3 Supported build platforms
4 =========================
6 QEMU aims to support building and executing on multiple host OS
7 platforms. This appendix outlines which platforms are the major build
8 targets. These platforms are used as the basis for deciding upon the
9 minimum required versions of 3rd party software QEMU depends on. The
10 supported platforms are the targets for automated testing performed by
11 the project when patches are submitted for review, and tested before and
14 If a platform is not listed here, it does not imply that QEMU won't
15 work. If an unlisted platform has comparable software versions to a
16 listed platform, there is every expectation that it will work. Bug
17 reports are welcome for problems encountered on unlisted platforms
18 unless they are clearly older vintage than what is described here.
20 Note that when considering software versions shipped in distros as
21 support targets, QEMU considers only the version number, and assumes the
22 features in that distro match the upstream release with the same
23 version. In other words, if a distro backports extra features to the
24 software in their distro, QEMU upstream code will not add explicit
25 support for those backports, unless the feature is auto-detectable in a
26 manner that works for the upstream releases too.
28 The `Repology`_ site is a useful resource to identify
29 currently shipped versions of software in various operating systems,
30 though it does not cover all distros listed below.
32 Supported host architectures
33 ----------------------------
35 Those hosts are officially supported, with various accelerators:
43 - kvm (64 bit only), tcg, xen
44 * - MIPS (little endian only)
55 - hax, hvf (64 bit only), kvm, nvmm, tcg, whpx (64 bit only), xen
57 Other host architectures are not supported. It is possible to build QEMU system
58 emulation on an unsupported host architecture using the configure
59 ``--enable-tcg-interpreter`` option to enable the TCI support, but note that
60 this is very slow and is not recommended for normal use. QEMU user emulation
61 requires host-specific support for signal handling, therefore TCI won't help
62 on unsupported host architectures.
64 Non-supported architectures may be removed in the future following the
65 :ref:`deprecation process<Deprecated features>`.
67 Linux OS, macOS, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD
68 -----------------------------------------
70 The project aims to support the most recent major version at all times for
71 up to five years after its initial release. Support
72 for the previous major version will be dropped 2 years after the new major
73 version is released or when the vendor itself drops support, whichever comes
74 first. In this context, third-party efforts to extend the lifetime of a distro
75 are not considered, even when they are endorsed by the vendor (eg. Debian LTS);
76 the same is true of repositories that contain packages backported from later
77 releases (e.g. Debian backports). Within each major release, only the most
78 recent minor release is considered.
80 For the purposes of identifying supported software versions available on Linux,
81 the project will look at CentOS, Debian, Fedora, openSUSE, RHEL, SLES and
82 Ubuntu LTS. Other distros will be assumed to ship similar software versions.
84 For FreeBSD and OpenBSD, decisions will be made based on the contents of the
85 respective ports repository, while NetBSD will use the pkgsrc repository.
87 For macOS, `Homebrew`_ will be used, although `MacPorts`_ is expected to carry
90 Some build dependencies may follow less conservative rules:
93 Distributions with long-term support often provide multiple versions
94 of the Python runtime. While QEMU will initially aim to support the
95 distribution's default runtime, it may later increase its minimum version
96 to any newer python that is available as an option from the vendor.
97 In this case, it will be necessary to use the ``--python`` command line
98 option of the ``configure`` script to point QEMU to a supported
99 version of the Python runtime.
101 As of QEMU |version|, the minimum supported version of Python is 3.7.
103 Python build dependencies
104 Some of QEMU's build dependencies are written in Python. Usually these
105 are only packaged by distributions for the default Python runtime.
106 If QEMU bumps its minimum Python version and a non-default runtime is
107 required, it may be necessary to fetch python modules from the Python
108 Package Index (PyPI) via ``pip``, in order to build QEMU.
110 Optional build dependencies
111 Build components whose absence does not affect the ability to build
112 QEMU may not be available in distros, or may be too old for QEMU's
113 requirements. Many of these, such as the Avocado testing framework
114 or various linters, are written in Python and therefore can also
115 be installed using ``pip``. Cross compilers are another example
116 of optional build-time dependency; in this case it is possible to
117 download them from repositories such as EPEL, to use container-based
118 cross compilation using ``docker`` or ``podman``, or to use pre-built
119 binaries distributed with QEMU.
125 The project aims to support the two most recent versions of Windows that are
126 still supported by the vendor. The minimum Windows API that is currently
127 targeted is "Windows 8", so theoretically the QEMU binaries can still be run
128 on older versions of Windows, too. However, such old versions of Windows are
129 not tested anymore, so it is recommended to use one of the latest versions of
132 The project supports building QEMU with current versions of the MinGW
133 toolchain, either hosted on Linux (Debian/Fedora) or via `MSYS2`_ on Windows.
134 A more recent Windows version is always preferred as it is less likely to have
135 problems with building via MSYS2. The building process of QEMU involves some
136 Python scripts that call os.symlink() which needs special attention for the
137 build process to successfully complete. On newer versions of Windows 10,
138 unprivileged accounts can create symlinks if Developer Mode is enabled.
139 When Developer Mode is not available/enabled, the SeCreateSymbolicLinkPrivilege
140 privilege is required, or the process must be run as an administrator.
142 .. _Homebrew: https://brew.sh/
143 .. _MacPorts: https://www.macports.org/
144 .. _MSYS2: https://www.msys2.org/
145 .. _Repology: https://repology.org/